• • • • communities for: zone butffer the to directly goes revenue Park’s the of 30-50% Use ofPark’s revenue way toNepalfromIndia. gate the also is one-hour. than less a in bus by reached be can towns, Adhavar these of respectively.both Adhavar From of centers from south km 23 business and north km 25 about and just located are , industrial major two the Birgunj, and Buddha. Gautam Lord of place birth the , from drive hour 5-6 is ). Adhavar tourist after Nepal in destination (the from km) (approx.230 drive hours 6-7 and Kathmandu from drive hour 5-6 about is at Adhavar headquarter which is airport, located at a distance of about from 8 km south from Simara Adhavar. The park the reached to This flight easily minutes be 15 in can Nepal. Kathmandu headquarter park of The road. areas and air via country the of protected parts other with connected is all headquarter amongst headquarter accessible most at the Adhavar,located is headquarter PNP The How toGetThePark about anhourbusand45minutesfromprivatevehicles. hotels andlodgesareavailableinHetaudaBirgunjwhich Suvarnapur.Luxurious and camp elephant to Amalekhganj close is available. Hotel and lodge including Home stay have been built and Simara on the highway where Pathalaiya Nepali, in Indian available and lodges Chinese and food hotels small many are There has community.bufferzone the for tourism generation income lodge and for promotion Makwanpur of community village Ramauli zone in Recently buffer constructed been the amenities. in houses modern tea offering and lodges hotels, are There Accommodation and inBhata. headquarter Park the from arranged be can wildlife, the of view close a get to way best the is which rides, elephants and drives Bhata of Bara, Makwanpur and Parsa district respectively. Jungle and Pratappur the Amlekhgunj, near located are camps elephant three Now hills. the of top the Teraiof from forests lush the over look can one Also importance. religious of is and hill, the of top at is temple Dugdheshwor towers. view the from sighted be also and landscape views of the park. Wild mammals elephants and Tigers could birds, many of glimpses catch to prospects excellent provide inside towers watch winter. Six later in flower trees most While themonsoonrainsbringlushvegetation, opportunities. bird watching birds andcreatespectacular birds jointheresidential Income generation and skill development Income generation andskill development Conservation Education Community Development Biodiversity Conservation • • • • Stop pollution • • Sefety Precaution • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Do not use of polythene/ plastic materials. Do notuseofpolythene/plastic water(purifyyourself). Use safedrinking itout. Buy onlywhatwon’tpollute,orcarry Carry outwhatyoucarryin. Visitorswildlife insidethecorearea. bealertfromthe should own safety. their for visitors the by carry to recommended is kit aid First A junglewalk. guideismustfor and bottles. Carry out non biodegradable items such as batteries, plastic bags sites. andreligious Do respectthecultural sunsetandsunrise. No oneshouldwalkwithinthepark between areas. offdesignated disposed in or buried out, placed be must Rubbish are fullyprotectedandmustnotbedisturbed. fauna and flora All animals. and plants damage or remove Don’t drive, jeep ride, Elephant for camping, boathing,raftingetc. fees additional pay to has One it forotherpurposes. using while fee documentary/filming as same is (UAV)fee Drone for documentary/filming. drone using while paid be should at 25% paid Additional DNPWC. be should (Nepali) 10000 Rs. and Nationals) (SAARC 50,000 Rs. (Foreigners), 1500 US$ of fee Documentary/filming of NationalParksandWildlifeConservation(DNPWC). Department the from documentary/filming for permit special Get with them. permit the keep to requested are visitors so permit, the for ask may personnel Park illegal. is permit a without park the Entering single entryonly. a for is and non-transferable non-refundable, is permit entry The park entrance gateofPNP. Parks National the from available are permits entry Valid counter perpersonday. ticket designated at paid be should visitor (Nepali) 100 Rs. and An entry fee of Rs. 1,500 (Foreigners), Rs. 750 (SAARC Nationals) Park Regulationstofollowor Wish youavery happyand memorable experience things toremember

2019

Parsa National Park

Published by: Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation , P.O. Box: 860, Babarmahal. Kathmandu Phone: +977-1-4220912 /4220850/4227926, Fax: +977-1-4227675 , Email: [email protected], Website: http//:www.dnpwc.gov.np Office: Adhabhar, Bara, Nepal, Tel. +977-053-521051 Background The park also provides habitat to more than 300 species of birds. White breasted kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), Paradise Fly Parsa National Park (PNP), declared in 1984 as a Wildlife Reserve Catcher (Terpsiphone paradisi), Large Racquet Tailed Drongo and in 2017 as a National Park, is situated in south central lowland (Dicrurus paradiseus), Golden Backed woodpecker (Dinopium of Nepal covering parts of Makwanpur, Bara and Parsa districts 2 benghalense), etc are some of the common sights. Gaint (Province 2&3). Initially, the area of the PNP was 499 km and Hornbill (Buceros bicornis), one of the endangered species extended to 627.39 km2 in 2015 to preserve the habitat for the is found in certain forest patches. The park is also famous for resident Asian Wild Elephant and other flora and fauna. It was the largest Wildlife Reserve of Nepal before declaring as National reptiles. Different kinds of snakes include King Cobra, Common park. This Park is the representative of historical Charkoshe Jhadi Cobra, Common and Banded Karet are found here, along with and Bhabar zone for biodiversity conservation. It is contiguous endangered reptilies species like Python (Python molurus) and to Valmiki Tiger Reserve of Bihar State of India in the south and Golden Monitor Lizard (Varanus flavescens). in the west. The eastern boundary of the Physical Attributes/Features park is National forest of . Fact sheet The altitude of the park ranges from 100 m to 950m above mean In 2005, an area of 285.3 km2 in and around the park was declared Parsa National Park and its Buffer Zone sea level. Broadly, the Park can be divided into three topographic as a buffer zone. Buffer zone (area adjacent to park boundary) Declared year 1984 AD as a Wildlife Reserve, 2017 AD regions from north to south viz. the Churia (Siwalik), Bhabar, management is a joint venture between the park office and local as a National park and inner-Terai. The Churia and Bhabar zones jointly cover communities. Local communities have a decision making role in National Park area 627.39 km2 about two-third area of the park, while Terai and inner-Terai the management of such areas. Additionally, National Parks and Location Southern part of Nepal (Makawanpur, occupies approximately 37.38% land of the reserve. The soil is Wildlife Conservation Act, 1973 has made a provision of ploughing Bara and Parsa district of province 2&3) primarily composed of gravel and conglomerates, making it very back 30-50 percent of the park’s revenue into community Bio-climatic Zone Tropical to Sub-tropical susceptible to erosion. The hills present a very rugged face with development and conservation of the buffer zone. Elevation 100m -950m above Mean Sea Level numerous gullies and dry stream beds. As the foothills are very porous, water flows underground and surfaces at a distance of Major Lake Halkhoriya, Kamini Major Flora and Fauna about 15 km from the Churia hills base. Major Rivers Rapti,Bhedaha,Dudhaura,Pasaha, Bhata PNP and its buffer zone consists of tropical and subtropical zone, etc. rich in floral and faunal diversity. Major forest types of PNP are Main Mammals Elephas maximus, Panthera tigris, Stiped Major Attractions Sal forests, mixed riverine deciduous forests, mixed hardwood hyaena, Manis pentadactyla, Bos gaurus, • Residential Asian Wild Elephant deciduous forest, riverine forests and Pine forests. Sal (Shorea Tetraceros quadricornis , panthera pardus, • Royal robusta) forests compose of 90% of the park’s vegetation. Sal Paradoxurus hermaphroditus etc. • Gaur Bison (), Asna (Teminalia tomentosa), Khair (Acacia Main birds Buceros bicornis, Halcyon smyrnensis, • Churia/ Siwalik, Bhabar and Low-land Terai catechu), Sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo), Simal (Bombax ceiba), Bot Terpsiphone paradisi, Dicrurus • Kamini and Halkhoria Daha/Lake Dhangero (Largestromia parviflora), Karma (Adina cordifolia) & paradiseus, Dinopium benghalense etc. Khote salla (Pinus roxburghii) are major species of woody plants Major tree species Shorea robusta, Terminalia tomentosa, found in PNP. Different types of grasses, including the elephant Acasia catechu, Dalbergia sissoo, grass (sacharum spp) are found in the park. Bombax ceiba, Largestromia parviflora, Adiana cardifolia Pinus roxburghii etc. The park supports good population of various faunal species. Buffer zone declared 2005 AD The most important wildlife species, for which the park is Buffer zone area 285.3 km2 renowned, is its residential population of Asian Wild elephants. Rural Munucipality 2 (Manahari and Thori) Other endangered species inluding Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), Striped Hyaena (Hyaena hyaena), Pangolin (Manis Sub-metropolitan city 2 (Hetauda and Jitpur-Simara) pentadactyla), Bison (Bos gauras), Four horned Antelope Buffer zone user 13 (Tetraceros quadricornis) and Wolf (Canis lupus). Mammals such committee as Sloth Bear (Melarsus ursinus), Leopard (Panthera pardus), Population in BZ About 85000 Wild Dog (Cuon alpinus), Blue Bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus), Major ethinic groups Tamang, Tharu, Bankariya, Chepang, Sambar Deer (Curvus unicolor), Chital (Axis axis), Hog Deer (Axis Gurung, Newar etc. Best Season porcinus), Barking Deer (Muntiacus muntijak), Langur Cat (Felis Economy Agriculture,animal husbandry,trade and chaus) and Asian Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) are labour In the winter season, local villagers are allowed to cut thatch also found in the park. grass in the Park, which gives visitors better views of the wildlife. Between September & November and February & April, migratory 84°30'0"E 84°37'30"E 84°45'0"E 84°52'30"E 85°0'0"E 85°7'30"E

Parsa National Park (PNP) Protected Areas 7 of Nepal and its Buffer Zone 6 4 !P 5 Location and Landcover Manahari 3 Pratappur Rural Municipality 1 2 Parsa NP 27°30'0"N

Chakri !P Hetauda ´ Sub-Metropolitancity

Chitwan Landcover Classes Padampokhari National Park !P Cultivated Area !P Forest Area Grass Land

Bush/Shrub Land 27°22'30"N Sandy Area

Thori Waterbodies Rural Municipality Bhata Others !P Jitpur Simara Nirmalbasti Sub-Metropolitancity !P

Amlekhgunj !P Gaduwa Charbhaiya !P !P Mahadev Municipality

Adhabhar 27°15'0"N !P J" !P Ratanpuri LEGEND

J" Park HQ !P Dudhaura P! Other Posts Tamagadhi !P Rural Municipality/ Jitpur Simara Sahajnath Municipality Boundary !P 0 2.75 5.5 11 Sub-Metropolitancity Park Boundary Municipality Kilometers Buffer Zone Boundary Scale

Source : DoS, PNP/DNPWC/MoFE, MoFAGA, GoN C Designed by: Bhola N. Dhakal by: Bhola Designed DNPWC, 2076 27°7'30"N