Comparison of Extent and Transformation of South Africa's
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Tulbagh Renosterveld Project Report
BP TULBAGH RENOSTERVELD PROJECT Introduction The Cape Floristic Region (CFR) is the smallest and richest floral kingdom of the world. In an area of approximately 90 000km² there are over 9 000 plant species found (Goldblatt & Manning 2000). The CFR is recognized as one of the 33 global biodiversity hotspots (Myers, 1990) and has recently received World Heritage Status. In 2002 the Cape Action Plan for the Environment (CAPE) programme identified the lowlands of the CFR as 100% irreplaceable, meaning that to achieve conservation targets all lowland fragments would have to be conserved and no further loss of habitat should be allowed. Renosterveld , an asteraceous shrubland that predominantly occurs in the lowland areas of the CFR, is the most threatened vegetation type in South Africa . Only five percent of this highly fragmented vegetation type still remains (Von Hase et al 2003). Most of these Renosterveld fragments occur on privately owned land making it the least represented vegetation type in the South African Protected Areas network. More importantly, because of the fragmented nature of Renosterveld it has a high proportion of plants that are threatened with extinction. The Custodians of Rare and Endangered Wildflowers (CREW) project, which works with civil society groups in the CFR to update information on threatened plants, has identified the Tulbagh valley as a high priority for conservation action. This is due to the relatively large amount of Renosterveld that remains in the valley and the high amount of plant endemism. The CAPE program has also identified areas in need of fine scale plans and the Tulbagh area falls within one of these: The Upper Breede River planning domain. -
National Forests Act: List of Protected Tree Species
6 No. 37037 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 22 NOVEMBER 2013 GOVERNMENT NOTICES GOEWERMENTSKENNISGEWINGS DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES DEPARTEMENT VAN LANDBOU, BOSBOU EN VISSERYE No. 877 22 November 2013 NOTICE OFOF THETHE LISTLIST OFOF PROTECTEDPROTECTED TREE TREE SPECIES SPECIES UNDER UNDER THE THE NATIONAL NATIONAL FORESTS ACT, 19981998 (ACT(ACT NO No. 84 84 OF OF 1998) 1998) By virtue of powers vested in me under Section 15(3) of the National Forests Act, 1998, I, Tina Joemat-Pettersson, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries hereby publish a list of all protected trees belonging to a particular species under Section 12(1) (d) set out in Schedule below. The effect of this declaration is that in terms of Section 15(1) of the National Forests Act, 1998, no person may cut, disturb, damage or destroy any protected tree or possess, collect, remove, transport, export, purchase, sell, donate or in any other manner acquire or dispose of any protected tree or any forest product derived from a protected tree, except under a licence or exemption granted by the Minister to an applicant and subject to such period and conditions as may be stipulated. Contravention of this declaration is regarded as a first category offence that may result in a person who is found guilty of being sentenced to a fine or imprisonment for a period up to three years, or to both a fine and imprisonment. SCHEDULE A / BYLAE A Botanical Name English Other Common Names National Common Afrikaans (A), Northern SothoTree Names (NS),SouthernSotho (S),Number Tswana (T), Venda (V), Xhosa (X), Zulu (Z) Acacia erioloba Camel thorn Kameeldoring (A) / Mogohlo (NS) / 168 Mogotlho (T) Acacia haematoxylon Grey camel thorn Vaalkameeldoring (A) / Mokholo (T) 169 Adansonia digitata Baobab Kremetart (A) /Seboi (NS)/ Mowana 467 (T) Afzelia quanzensis Pod mahogany Peulmahonie (A) / Mutokota (V) / 207 lnkehli (Z) Balanites subsp. -
Comparative Wood Anatomy of Afromontane and Bushveld Species from Swaziland, Southern Africa
IAWA Bulletin n.s., Vol. 11 (4), 1990: 319-336 COMPARATIVE WOOD ANATOMY OF AFROMONTANE AND BUSHVELD SPECIES FROM SWAZILAND, SOUTHERN AFRICA by J. A. B. Prior 1 and P. E. Gasson 2 1 Department of Biology, Imperial College of Science, Technology & Medicine, London SW7 2BB, U.K. and 2Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3DS, U.K. Summary The habit, specific gravity and wood anat of the archaeological research, uses all the omy of 43 Afromontane and 50 Bushveld well preserved, qualitative anatomical charac species from Swaziland are compared, using ters apparent in the charred modem samples qualitative features from SEM photographs in an anatomical comparison between the of charred samples. Woods with solitary ves two selected assemblages of trees and shrubs sels, scalariform perforation plates and fibres growing in areas of contrasting floristic com with distinctly bordered pits are more com position. Some of the woods are described in mon in the Afromontane species, whereas Kromhout (1975), others are of little com homocellular rays and prismatic crystals of mercial importance and have not previously calcium oxalate are more common in woods been investigated. Few ecological trends in from the Bushveld. wood anatomical features have previously Key words: Swaziland, Afromontane, Bush been published for southern Africa. veld, archaeological charcoal, SEM, eco The site of Sibebe Hill in northwest Swazi logical anatomy. land (26° 15' S, 31° 10' E) (Price Williams 1981), lies at an altitude of 1400 m, amidst a Introduction dramatic series of granite domes in the Afro Swaziland, one of the smallest African montane forest belt (White 1978). -
The Ecology of Large Herbivores Native to the Coastal Lowlands of the Fynbos Biome in the Western Cape, South Africa
The ecology of large herbivores native to the coastal lowlands of the Fynbos Biome in the Western Cape, South Africa by Frans Gustav Theodor Radloff Dissertation presented for the degree of Doctor of Science (Botany) at Stellenbosh University Promoter: Prof. L. Mucina Co-Promoter: Prof. W. J. Bond December 2008 DECLARATION By submitting this dissertation electronically, I declare that the entirety of the work contained therein is my own, original work, that I am the owner of the copyright thereof (unless to the extent explicitly otherwise stated) and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it for obtaining any qualification. Date: 24 November 2008 Copyright © 2008 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved ii ABSTRACT The south-western Cape is a unique region of southern Africa with regards to generally low soil nutrient status, winter rainfall and unusually species-rich temperate vegetation. This region supported a diverse large herbivore (> 20 kg) assemblage at the time of permanent European settlement (1652). The lowlands to the west and east of the Kogelberg supported populations of African elephant, black rhino, hippopotamus, eland, Cape mountain and plain zebra, ostrich, red hartebeest, and grey rhebuck. The eastern lowlands also supported three additional ruminant grazer species - the African buffalo, bontebok, and blue antelope. The fate of these herbivores changed rapidly after European settlement. Today the few remaining species are restricted to a few reserves scattered across the lowlands. This is, however, changing with a rapid growth in the wildlife industry that is accompanied by the reintroduction of wild animals into endangered and fragmented lowland areas. -
National Forests Act: List of Protected Tree Species
6 No.33566 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 23 SEPTEMBER 2010 GOVERNMENT NOTICES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, FORSTRY AND FISHERIES No. 835 23 September 2010 NOTICE OF THE LIST OF PROTECTED TREE SPECIES UNDER THE NATIONAL FORESTS ACT, 1998 (ACT NO 84 OF 1998) By virtue of powers vested in me under Section 15(3) of the National Forests Act, 1998, I, Tina Joemat-Pe1tersson, Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries hereby publish a list of all protected trees belonging to a particular species under Section 12(1) (d) set out in Schedule below. The effect of this declaration is that in terms of Section 15(1) of the National Forests Act, 1998, no person may cut, disturb, damage or destroy any protected tree or possess, collect, remove, transport, export, purchase, sell, donate or in any other manner acquire or dispose of any protected tree or any forest product derived from a protected tree, except under a licence or exemption granted by the Minister to an applicant and SUbject to such period and conditions as may be stipulated. Contravention of this declaration is regarded as a first category offence that may result in a person who is found guilty of being sentenced to a fine or imprisonment for a period up to three years, or to both a fine and imprisonment. SCHEDULE A I BYLAE A Botanical Name english Other Common Names National Common Afrikaans (A), Northern Sotho Tree Names (NS), Southern Sotho (S), Number Tswana (1), Venda (V), Xhosa 00. Zulu (Z) Acacia eri%ba Camel thorn . Kameeldoring (A) / Mogohlo (NS) / 168 Moa6tlh6 m· Acacia haematoxvlon Grev camel thorn Vaalkameeldoring CA) / Mokholo m 169 Adansonia digitata Baobab Kremetart (A) /Saboi (NS)/ Mowana 467 m Afzelia quanzensis Pod mahogany Peulmahonie (A) / Mutokota M / 207 Inkahli (Z) Ba/anites subsp. -
The Greater Addo National Park, South Africa: Biodiversity Conservation As the Basis for a Healthy Ecosystem and Human Development Opportunities
CHAPTER 39 The Greater Addo National Park, South Africa: Biodiversity Conservation as the Basis for a Healthy Ecosystem and Human Development Opportunities Graham I. H. Kerley, André F. Boshoff, and Michael H. Knight INTRODUCTION The recognition that ecosystem health is strongly linked to human welfare, and that many ecosystems have been heavily degraded under human domination — resulting in reduced capacity to support human populations — is a dominant feature of the environmental debate (e.g., Rapport et al., 1998). This has led to a search for ecosystem management strategies to maintain ecosystem health, ranging from water pollution management to disease control and sustainable resource utilization. To some extent this process has been hampered by the inability to look beyond con- ventional management strategies in order to recognize and develop new opportunities for extracting resources from ecosystems, while maintaining these systems in a healthy and functional state. This deficit is particularly apparent in rangeland ecosystems that traditionally have been used for domestic herbivore production through pastoralism, despite considerable evidence of the threats to ecosystem health that this strategy imposes (e.g., Fleischner, 1994). We present here the background of ecosystem degradation and loss of ecosystem resources due to pastoralism in the Eastern Cape Province (hereafter “Eastern Cape”) in South Africa (Figure 39.1), an area of spectacular biodiver- sity, and assess the consequences of alternate management strategies. We show how an initiative to address these problems, based on the recognition that biodiversity conservation yields tangible human development opportunities that include the full range of ecosystem services, is developing. DESERTIFICATION OF THE THICKET BIOME The Thicket Biome, one of the seven terrestrial biomes in South Africa (Low and Rebelo, 1996), is largely confined to the hot, dry valleys of the Eastern Cape, hence its alternative name of Valley Bushveld (Acocks, 1975). -
ADDENDUM I Priority Areas for Conserving South African Vegetation
ADDENDUM I Priority areas for conserving South African vegetation: a coarse-filter approach 185 Addendum l. South African Conservation Areas Priority areas for conserving South African vegetation: a coarse-filter approach B. Reyers", D.H.K. Fairbanks', A.S. van Jaarsveldi.1 and M. Thompson' I Conservation Planning Unit Department of Zoology and Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria, 0002 South Africa 2 Centre for Environmental Studies University of Pretoria Pretoria, 0002 , Environmentek, CSIR, PO Box 395 Pretoria, 000 I • Corresponding author (Tel) +27-12-4204396 (Fax) +27- 12-4203210 Email: [email protected] Keywords: Coarse-filter, biodiversity conservation, land-cover, vegetation types, road-effects Running title: South African conservation areas In Press: Diversity & Distributions 186 Addendum I. South African Conscrvation Areas Abstract South Africa has an important responsibility to global biodiversity conservation, but a largely inadequate conservation area network for addressing this responsibility. This study employs a coarse-fi lter approach based on 68 potential vegetation units to identify areas that arc largely transformed, degraded or impacted on by road-effects. The assessment highlights broad vegetation types that face high biodiversity losses currently or in the near future due to human impacts. Most vegetation types contain large tracts of natural vegetation, with little degradation, transformation or impacts from road networks. Regions in the grasslands, fynbos and forest biomes are worst affected. V cry few of the vegetation types arc adequately protected according to the IUCN's 10% protected area conservation target, with the fynbos and savanna biomes containing a few vegetation types that do achieve this arbitrary goal. -
Management of Critically Endangered Renosterveld Fragments in the Overberg, South Africa
Management of Critically Endangered renosterveld fragments in the Overberg, South Africa Odette Elisabeth Curtis Thesis presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape Town April 2013 Supervisor: Prof. William Bond Co-supervisor: Simon Todd PLAGIARISM DECLARATION By submitting this thesis, I acknowledge that I know the meaning of plagiarism and declare that all the work in the thesis, save for that which is properly acknowledged, is my own. _______________________________________ Odette Curtis 2nd April 2013 DECLARATION OF FREE LICENSE I hereby: a) grant the University of Cape Town free license to reproduce the above thesis in whole or in part, for the purpose of research; b) declare that: i) the above thesis is my own unaided work, both in conception and execution, and that apart from the normal guidance from my supervisors, I have received no assistance except as stated below; ii) neither the substance nor any part of this thesis has been submitted in the past, or is being, or is to be submitted for a degree at this University or at any other University. I am now presenting the thesis for examination for the Degree of PhD. _______________________________________ Odette Curtis 2nd April 2013 Copyright © University of Cape Town All Rights Reserved DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to Philip Anthony Hockey (1956 – 2013), who helped me develop the platform on which I have built my academic career, and whose friendship is sorely missed. Drawing by Chris van Rooyen ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to my supervisor, Prof. William Bond, for guidance and patience and time in the field. -
Threatened Ecosystems in South Africa: Descriptions and Maps
Threatened Ecosystems in South Africa: Descriptions and Maps DRAFT May 2009 South African National Biodiversity Institute Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism Contents List of tables .............................................................................................................................. vii List of figures............................................................................................................................. vii 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 8 2 Criteria for identifying threatened ecosystems............................................................... 10 3 Summary of listed ecosystems ........................................................................................ 12 4 Descriptions and individual maps of threatened ecosystems ...................................... 14 4.1 Explanation of descriptions ........................................................................................................ 14 4.2 Listed threatened ecosystems ................................................................................................... 16 4.2.1 Critically Endangered (CR) ................................................................................................................ 16 1. Atlantis Sand Fynbos (FFd 4) .......................................................................................................................... 16 2. Blesbokspruit Highveld Grassland -
Geophysical Modelling of the Molopo Farms Complex in Southern Botswana
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by NERC Open Research Archive GEOPHYSICAL MODELLING OF THE MOLOPO FARMS COMPLEX IN SOUTHERN BOTSWANA: IMPLICATIONS FOR ITS EMPLACEMENT WITHIN THE ~2 GA LARGE IGNEOUS PROVINCES OF SOUTHERN AND CENTRAL AFRICA A.S.D. WALKER British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, United Kingdom, NG12 5GG e-mail: [email protected] R.M. KEY British Geological Survey, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH9 3LA e-mail: [email protected] G. POULIQUEN Geosoft Europe Limited, Wallingford, United Kingdom, OX10 0AD e-mail: [email protected] G. GUNN British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, United Kingdom, NG12 5GG e-mail: [email protected] J. SHARROCK Gondwana Ventures (Pty) Limited, P.O. Box 20241, Francistown, Botswana e-mail: [email protected] I. McGEORGE MSA Geoservices, P.O. Box 2258, Gaborone, Botswana email: [email protected] M. KOKETSO Department of Geological Survey, Private Bag 14, Lobatse, Botswana e-mail: [email protected] J. FARR Wellfield Consulting Services (Pty) Limited, P.O. Box 1502, Gaborone, Botswana e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Molopo Farms Complex is an extremely poorly exposed, major, ultramafic-mafic layered intrusion straddling the southern border of Botswana with South Africa. It lies within the south-western part of the ~2.0 Ga large igneous province of southern and central Africa that includes the better known Bushveld Complex. Integrated interpretation of regional gravity data and new high-resolution airborne magnetic data have constrained the geometry of the Molopo Farms Complex in southern Botswana as a strongly faulted, polyphase intrusion compartmentalised by regional ductile shear zones. -
Wasps and Bees in Southern Africa
SANBI Biodiversity Series 24 Wasps and bees in southern Africa by Sarah K. Gess and Friedrich W. Gess Department of Entomology, Albany Museum and Rhodes University, Grahamstown Pretoria 2014 SANBI Biodiversity Series The South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) was established on 1 Sep- tember 2004 through the signing into force of the National Environmental Manage- ment: Biodiversity Act (NEMBA) No. 10 of 2004 by President Thabo Mbeki. The Act expands the mandate of the former National Botanical Institute to include respon- sibilities relating to the full diversity of South Africa’s fauna and flora, and builds on the internationally respected programmes in conservation, research, education and visitor services developed by the National Botanical Institute and its predecessors over the past century. The vision of SANBI: Biodiversity richness for all South Africans. SANBI’s mission is to champion the exploration, conservation, sustainable use, appreciation and enjoyment of South Africa’s exceptionally rich biodiversity for all people. SANBI Biodiversity Series publishes occasional reports on projects, technologies, workshops, symposia and other activities initiated by, or executed in partnership with SANBI. Technical editing: Alicia Grobler Design & layout: Sandra Turck Cover design: Sandra Turck How to cite this publication: GESS, S.K. & GESS, F.W. 2014. Wasps and bees in southern Africa. SANBI Biodi- versity Series 24. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. ISBN: 978-1-919976-73-0 Manuscript submitted 2011 Copyright © 2014 by South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written per- mission of the copyright owners. The views and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect those of SANBI. -
The Cape Floristic Region
Ecosystem Profile THE CAPE FLORISTIC REGION SOUTH AFRICA Final version December 11, 2001 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 THE ECOSYSTEM PROFILE 3 THE CORRIDOR APPROACH TO CONSERVATION 4 BACKGROUND 4 CONSERVATION PLANNING IN THE CAPE FLORISTIC REGION: THE CAPE ACTION PLAN FOR THE ENVIRONMENT (CAPE) 5 BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE CFR 7 LEVELS OF BIODIVERSITY AND ENDEMISM 7 LEVELS OF PROTECTION FOR BIODIVERSITY 9 STATUS OF PROTECTED AREAS IN THE CAPE FLORISTIC REGION 10 SYNOPSIS OF THREATS 11 LAND TRANSFORMATION 11 ECOSYSTEM DEGRADATION 12 INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS TO CONSERVATION ACTION 13 LACK OF PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT IN CONSERVATION 14 SYNOPSIS OF CURRENT INVESTMENTS 14 MULTILATERAL DONORS 16 NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS 17 POTENTIAL INVESTMENT IN CAPE IMPLEMENTATION AND PROPOSED COMPLEMENTARITY WITH CEPF FUNDING 17 GOVERNMENT 18 NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS 19 CEPF NICHE FOR INVESTMENT IN THE REGION 21 CEPF INVESTMENT STRATEGY AND PROGRAM FOCUS 22 SUPPORT CIVIL SOCIETY INVOLVEMENT IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS AND MANAGEMENT PLANS IN CFR BIODIVERSITY CORRIDORS 24 PROMOTE INNOVATIVE PRIVATE SECTOR AND COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT IN CONSERVATION IN LANDSCAPES SURROUNDING CFR BIODIVERSITY CORRIDORS 25 SUPPORT CIVIL SOCIETY EFFORTS TO CREATE AN INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT THAT ENABLES EFFECTIVE CONSERVATION ACTION 26 ESTABLISH A SMALL GRANTS FUND TO BUILD CAPACITY AMONG INSTITUTIONS AND INDIVIDUALS WORKING ON CONSERVATION IN THE CFR 27 SUSTAINABILITY 27 CONCLUSION 28 LIST OF ACRONYMS 29 2 INTRODUCTION The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is designed to better safeguard the world's threatened biodiversity hotspots in developing countries. It is a joint initiative of Conservation International (CI), the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank.