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The Common Information Model CIM Mathias Uslar, Michael Specht, Sebastian Rohjans, Jörn Trefke, and José Manuel Vasquez González The Common Information Model CIM IEC 61968/61970 and 62325 – A Practical Introduction to the CIM ABC Authors Dr.-Ing. Mathias Uslar Dipl.Inf. Jörn Trefke OFFIS - Institut für Informatik OFFIS - Institut für Informatik Escherweg 2 Escherweg 2 26131 Oldenburg 26131 Oldenburg E-mail: uslar@offis.de E-mail: Joern.trefke@offis.de Dipl.-Inf. (FH) Michael Specht Dipl.-Wirt.Inf. José Manuel Vasquez González OFFIS - Institut für Informatik OFFIS - Institut für Informatik Escherweg 2 Escherweg 2 26131 Oldenburg 26131 Oldenburg E-mail: michael.specht@offis.de E-mail: jose.gonzalez@offis.de Dipl.-Inform. Sebastian Rohjans OFFIS - Institut für Informatik Escherweg 2 26131 Oldenburg E-mail: sebastian.rohjans@offis.de ISBN 978-3-642-25214-3 e-ISBN 978-3-642-25215-0 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-25215-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2011942873 c 2012 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the mate- rial is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Dupli- cation of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typeset by Scientific Publishing Services Pvt. Ltd., Chennai, India. Printed on acid-free paper 987654321 springer.com “The only reason for time is so that everything doesn’t happen all at once." Albert Einstein Foreword Within the smart grid, the combination of automation equipment, communication technology and IT is crucial. Interoperability of devices and systems can be seen as the key enabler of smart grids. Therefore, international initiatives have been started in order to identify interoperability standards for smart grids. A prominent example is the European mandate M/490, which develops a reference architecture, a first set of smart grid applicable standards and use cases. As the European initiative has an ambitious schedule, relying on existing accepted standards and solutions seems most appropriate. IEC 62357, the so called Seamless Integration Architecture, is one of these very core standards, which has been identified by recent smart grid initiatives and roadmaps to be essential for building and managing intelligent power systems.. It is fully applicable in the power utilities domain, globally accepted, future proof and can be extended to multi-utility. From the operative and strategic perspective of net- work operations, it is the reasonable choice for a basis architecture. The Seamless Integration Architecture provides an overview of the interoperability and relations between further standards from IEC TC 57 - the two prominent standards families IEC 61850: Communication networks and systems in power utility automation and the IEC 61970/61968: Common Information Model. Both of them have proven to be mature standards for interface interoperability and engineering; consequently, they are the cornerstone of the IEC Smart Grid Stan- dardization Roadmap. Within the IEC TC 57 "Power system management and as- sociated information exchange", both standards are in the focus of experts’ work. IEC 61850 and its sub-parts have already gained a lot of momentum. IEC 61850 has become a global success story for the power automation industry, having cur- rently worldwide several hundred thousand devices and systems in operation. As IEC 61850 is an established global standard, a lot of literature is available, and there exist tutorials and trainings. And now comes the opportunity for CIM. Although a lot of implementations are in place, few textbooks and introduction material are available. This book tries to bridge the existing gap - providing utilities, vendors, regulators and all interested readers a chance to get to know the CIM. The authors from OFFIS have designed VIII Foreword this book to be an introduction to ICT and CIM for power engineers, giving an intro- duction to SCADA/EMS and DMS for ICT engineers and an overview for decision makers in utilities. As IEC TC 57 secretary, I fully welcome this first textbook on the CIM, explaining this important work of IEC TC57. I hope that a lot of readers will benefit from this textbook. Nuremberg, August 2011 Dr. Heiko Englert IEC TC 57 and CLC 57 secretary, SIEMENS AG Foreword The Common Information Model (CIM) began with an EPRI (Electric Power Research Institute) project in the nineties. The project was named CCAPI (Con- trol Center Application Programming Interfaces). At that time, Unified Modeling Language, Object Oriented Languages, internet associated technologies were not as widespread as they are nowadays. The key idea of CIM is to define a common language in order to facilitate mes- sage exchanges. The analogy is the same as the choice of English for supporting such a book. English is chosen because nowadays most people use it in their inter- national business exchanges. In the mid-nineties, CIM was handed over to IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), and specifically a new group in IEC TC57 was created: WG 14. Its scope was to define System Interfaces for Distribution Management. EDF Research and Development Division began its work in these IEC TC57 CIM oriented working groups at this time. In the Network Operation Domain, some utilities, like EDF, were renovating their Remote Control Systems (named also SCADA for Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition). At that time EDF R&D began to use Object Oriented Techniques and was developing SCADA-related software using C++ and CORBA (Common Object Request Broker Architecture) to exchange information. Java was in its infancy and XML was not yet known in the utility domain as they are now. EDF R&D really was able to promote CIM usage in our utility when a three-year project, called Cimergy, was funded in 2004. Based on former ETSO association work, we were able to associate a methodology the UN-CEFACT Core Component Specification to the CIM model, which facilitated CIM usage. At the same time we also developed several CIM API (Application Programming Interfaces) for differ- ent Tools which were not inter-operable. Doing that, we were able to participate in interoperability tests funded by EPRI since 2000, and now it is also funded by the UCA association under which CIM User group was created in 2005. These in- teroperability tests and UCA CIM user group helped us to better understand what CIM was and how it was used by vendor products and to promote CIM usage at the Distribution level. X Foreword In Europe, 2009 was a cornerstone year with the adoption of CIM by ENTSO-E (European Networks Transmission Operators - Electricity) as its new data exchange format for insuring the reliability of the European Transmission Networks. Several network operation and planning-oriented products are becoming CIM-compliant. Since then, EDF operational divisions and many other utilities have started different projects using CIM. During this time, worldwide experts promoted CIM usage in different project: European R&D projects, Smartgrid demonstrators involving utili- ties, in-house utility projects, etc. With Smartgrids, Electrical Networks need to leverage Information and Commu- nication technologies (ICT). With Smartgrid, interoperability is a key word. CIM and other standards like 61850 for system automation, DLMS-COSEM for smart metering will help to increase interoperability. We firmly believe that a Model Engi- neering Approach is a valuable solution in reaching this interoperability objective. Nevertheless, CIM usage is not sufficient in the Utility area, that is why such a book is a piece of the puzzle. It will facilitate the harmonization of CIM with other relevant standards. That is why I’d like to congratulate the authors for writing this book: educating people, from students to regulators and other stakeholders, about the CIM international standard and related technologies. This education is a "must". I’m sure this book will help many people as it will help them to de-mystify CIM and its usages. I’d like also to thank all worldwide experts who contributed and still contribute to improving CIM and who indirectly contributed to this reference book. All the best to this first edition! Paris, Septembre 2011 Eric Lambert EDF R&D Project Manager IEC/CLC TC57 Member UCA Executive Committee Preface The scope of this book has been developed by the authors with the focus on address- ing more than one particular audience. The overall topic of the book is the Common Information Model CIM as originally designed by the IEC and its theoretical foun- dations which are covered in Part 1 of this book from chapters 1 to 4. Additionally, part 2 with the chapters 5 to 8 of the book strongly focuses on the direct utilization, application and tooling for the CIM. The overall objectives of the authors for this first edition of the book are to pro- vide a useful companion for power system engineers getting an introduction to CIM, ICT developers to get to know the background of the CIM modeling scope where standard ICT technologies like UML are introduced. Furthermore, decision makers in utilities or vendors trying to find out on improving architectures or integration costs through facilitating the use of CIM are adressed. As those viewpoints differ from each other, we try to provide useful information to all mentioned audiences by setting no extreme focus on one particular aspect, e.g.

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