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Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW

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Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW University of Wollongong Research Online Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive) Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health 1-1-2010 Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW Alyssa Joyce Ana M. Rubio University of Wollongong, [email protected] Pia C. Winberg University of Wollongong, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.uow.edu.au/scipapers Part of the Life Sciences Commons, Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Joyce, Alyssa; Rubio, Ana M.; and Winberg, Pia C.: Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW 2010. https://ro.uow.edu.au/scipapers/653 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW Keywords socio, economic, environmental, considerations, nsw, aquaculture, jervis, bay Disciplines Life Sciences | Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Social and Behavioral Sciences Publication Details A. Joyce, A. M. Rubio-Zuazo & P. C. Winberg (2010). Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW. Canberra: Fisheries Research and Development Corporation. This report is available at Research Online: https://ro.uow.edu.au/scipapers/653 Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW Dr. Alyssa Joyce, Dr. Ana Rubio and Dr. Pia Winberg Project No. 2009/328.11 1 2 Environmental and Socio-Economic Considerations for Aquaculture in Jervis Bay, NSW AUTHORS: Dr. Alyssa Joyce, Dr. Ana Rubio, Dr. Pia Winberg DATE: June 10, 2010 PUBLISHER: University of Wollongong, Shoalhaven Marine & Freshwater Centre, Nowra Copyright Fisheries Research and Development Corporation and University of Wollongong, 2010 This work is copyright. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth), no part of this publication may be reproduced by any process, electronic or otherwise, without the specific written permission of the copyright owners. Information may not be stored electronically in any form whatsoever without such permission. Disclaimer The authors do not warrant that the information in this document is free from errors or omissions. The authors do not accept any form of liability, be it contractual, tortious, or otherwise, for the contents of this document or for any consequences arising from its use or any reliance placed upon it. The information, opinions and advice contained in this document may not relate, or be relevant, to a readers particular circumstances. Opinions expressed by the authors are the individual opinions expressed by those persons and are not necessarily those of the publisher, research provider or the FRDC. The Fisheries Research and Development Corporation plans, invests in and manages fisheries research and development throughout Australia. It is a statutory authority within the portfolio of the federal Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, jointly funded by the Australian Government and the fishing industry. ISBN: 978-1-74128-186-6 (hardcopy) ISBN: 978-1-74128-187-3 (online) 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................................................... I LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................................... III LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................................. III 2009/328.11 NON TECHNICAL SUMMARY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR AQUACULTURE IN JERVIS BAY, NSW ............................................................................................................................IV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................................VII 1 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background and Need .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Methods ....................................................................................................................................................... 2 2 PROJECT SITE, JERVIS BAY ..................................................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Geographic Location .................................................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Biophysical Characteristics of Jervis Bay ...................................................................................................... 4 2.2.1 Bathymetry and hydrology ...................................................................................................................... 4 2.2.2 Thermohaline circulation ......................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.3 Tidal flows ................................................................................................................................................ 6 2.2.4 Eddy formation ........................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2.5 Coastal trapped waves (CTW) .................................................................................................................. 7 2.3 Suitability of Jervis Bay for Aquaculture ....................................................................................................... 8 2.3.1 Past shellfish aquaculture and commercial fisheries in Jervis Bay ........................................................... 8 2.3.2 Physical characteristics of the bay ........................................................................................................... 8 2.3.3 Habitat characteristics and sediment in proximity to lease areas ......................................................... 11 2.4 Long-line Systems for Shellfish Aquaculture in Jervis Bay .......................................................................... 13 2.5 Potential Candidate Species for Jervis Bay Long-Line Cultivation Systems ................................................ 13 3 KEY ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS AND MITIGATION.............................................................................. 16 3.1 Ecological Carrying Capacity ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.1.1 Results: Ecological Carrying Capacity .................................................................................................... 18 3.1.2 Recommendations: Ecological Carrying Capacity .................................................................................. 22 3.2 Other Environmental Impacts .................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.1 Benthic Impacts ..................................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.2 Translocation of Species and Pest Management ................................................................................... 23 3.2.3 Navigation, Recreational, Visual/Scenic, Noise and Waste Disposal ..................................................... 23 i 3.2.4 Special Considerations for Operations within a Marine Park ................................................................ 23 3.2.5 Infrastructure interaction with other species ........................................................................................ 24 3.2.6 Recommendations: Environmental Considerations ............................................................................... 25 3.3 Risk Assessment of Bivalve Cultivation in Jervis Bay .................................................................................. 28 3.3.1 Recommendations: Risk Assessment of Bivalve Cultivation .................................................................. 28 4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ............................................................................................................................... 33 4.1 Overview of Socio-economic Factors .......................................................................................................... 33 4.2 Economic Factors for Valuation Models: Species and Cultivation Methods .............................................. 34 4.2.1 Economic valuation in Twofold Bay EIS ................................................................................................. 34 4.2.2 Recommended economic approaches ................................................................................................... 34 4.2.3 Production volumes ..............................................................................................................................
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