Engineering Geology As an Interdisciplinary Field
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Weathering, Erosion, and Susceptibility to Weathering Henri Robert George Kenneth Hack
Weathering, erosion, and susceptibility to weathering Henri Robert George Kenneth Hack To cite this version: Henri Robert George Kenneth Hack. Weathering, erosion, and susceptibility to weathering. Kanji, Milton; He, Manchao; Ribeira e Sousa, Luis. Soft Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Springer Inter- national Publishing, pp.291-333, 2020, 9783030294779. 10.1007/978-3-030-29477-9. hal-03096505 HAL Id: hal-03096505 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03096505 Submitted on 5 Jan 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Published in: Hack, H.R.G.K., 2020. Weathering, erosion and susceptibility to weathering. 1 In: Kanji, M., He, M., Ribeira E Sousa, L. (Eds), Soft Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 1 ed, Ch. 11. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, Switzerland. ISBN: 9783030294779. DOI: 10.1007/978303029477-9_11. pp. 291-333. Weathering, erosion, and susceptibility to weathering H. Robert G.K. Hack Engineering Geology, ESA, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente Enschede, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] phone: +31624505442 Abstract: Soft grounds are often the result of weathering. Weathering is the chemical and physical change in time of ground under influence of atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, biosphere, and nuclear radiation (temperature, rain, circulating groundwater, vegetation, etc.). -
Engineering Geology and Seismology for Public Schools and Hospitals in California
The Resources Agency California Geological Survey Michael Chrisman, Secretary for Resources Dr. John G. Parrish, State Geologist Engineering Geology and Seismology for Public Schools and Hospitals in California to accompany California Geological Survey Note 48 Checklist by Robert H. Sydnor, Senior Engineering Geologist California Geological Survey www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs July 1, 2005 316 pages Engineering Geology and Seismology performance–based analysis, diligent subsurface for Public Schools and Hospitals sampling, careful reading of the extensive geologic in California literature, thorough knowledge of the California Building Code, combined with competent professional geological work. by Robert H. Sydnor Engineering geology aspects of hospital and public California Geological Survey school sites include: regional geology, regional fault July 1, 2005 316 pages maps, site-specific geologic mapping, geologic cross- sections, active faulting, official zones of investigation Abstract for liquefaction and landslides, geotechnical laboratory The 446+ hospitals, 1,400+ skilled nursing facilities testing of samples, expansive soils, soluble sulfate ±9,221 public schools, and 109 community college evaluation for Type II or V Portland-cement selection, campuses in California are regulated under California and flooding. Code of Regulations, Title 24, California Building Code. Seismology aspects include: evaluation of historic These facilities are plan–checked by senior–level seismicity, probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of Registered Structural Engineers within the Office of earthquake ground–motion, use of proper code terms Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD) (Upper–Bound Earthquake ground–motion and Design– for hospitals and skilled nursing facilities, and the Basis ground–motion), classification of the geologic Division of the State Architect (DSA) for public schools, subgrade by shear–wave velocity to select the correct community colleges, and essential services buildings. -
Principles of Engineering Geology Principles of Engineering Geology
PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY P. B. ATTEWELL and I. W. FARMER University of Durham LONDON CHAPMAN AND HALL A Halsted Press Book JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., NEW YORK First published 1976 by Chapman and Hall Ltd 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE © 1976 J. E. Attewell and L. C. Attewell Sriftcover reprillt rifthe hardcover 1ft editiolt 1976 Typeset by Preface Ltd, Salisbury, Wilts Fletcher & Son Ltd, Norwich ISBN-13: 978-94-009-5709-1 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-5707-7 DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-5707-7 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted, or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher. Distributed in the U.S.A. by Halsted Press, a Division of John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Attewell, P B Principles of engineering geology. 1. Engineering geology. I. Farmer, Ian William, joint author. II. Title. TA705.A87 1975 624'151 75-20012 Contents Preface xi Symbols xvii Composition of Rocks 1 1.1 Origin and geological classification of rocks 1 1.2 Rock forming minerals 7 1.3 Clay minerals 16 1.4 Base exchange and water adsorption in clay minerals 20 1.5 Mineralogical identification 25 2 Rock Particles and Particle Systems 30 2.1 Rock particle classification 30 2.2 Typical rock particle systems 33 2.3 Physical properties of particulate systems -
Memorial to Esther Aberdeen Holm 1904-1984 9
Memorial to Esther Aberdeen Holm 1904-1984 FRANK C. WHITMORE, JR. Dept, of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D .C. 20560 Like many of her generation, Esther Aberdeen found her career affected in unexpected and fascinating ways by World War II. She was bom in Chicago on January 6, 1904; her father was a trainman for the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul. Esther’s early interest in geology, like that of many of us, probably stemmed from her childhood environment—in her case, from excursions to the beaches of Lake Michigan, where her curiosity was aroused by the sands and water-worn pebbles she found there. Encouraged especially by her mother, Esther entered Northwestern University, where she worked her way through college as a stenographer in an advertising company. After graduating in 1928, she worked for a year as a physical education instructor at the YWCA in St. Joseph, Michigan. She then returned to Northwestern, where she received the M.S. in 1931. She continued at Northwestern as a tutor in geology until the fall of 1933, when she entered graduate school at the University of Chicago. Her studies there were interrupted for a year (1934-1935) when she served as an instructor in geology at Milwaukee-Downer College. She received her Ph.D. from Chicago in 1937, with a major in paleontology. In 1936, Esther was appointed instructor in geology at Wellesley College. Subsequently promoted to assistant professor, she remained there until 1942, when she was recruited by W. H. Bradley for the newly formed Military Geology Unit (later, Military Geology Branch) of the U.S. -
Gettysburg National Military Park & Eisenhower National Historic Site
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Gettysburg National Military Park & Eisenhower National Historic Site Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2009/083 THIS PAGE: North Carolina State Monument (NPS Photo) ON THE COVER: Gettysburg NMP, looking toward Cemetery Ridge Cover photo by Bill Dowling, courtesy of the Gettysburg Foundation Gettysburg National Military Park and Eisenhower National Historic Site Geologic Resources Inventory Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2009/083 Geologic Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center P.O. Box 25287 Denver, Colorado 80225 March 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Denver, Colorado The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer-reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. Natural Resource Reports are the designated medium for disseminating high priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. Examples of the diverse array of reports published in this series include vital signs monitoring plans; "how to" resource management papers; proceedings of resource management workshops or conferences; annual reports of resource programs or divisions of the Natural Resource Program Center; resource action plans; fact sheets; and regularly-published newsletters. -
Popularizing Geological Education Among Civil Engineering Students Chen Xiang-Jun1,A and Zhou Ying2
JOURNAL OF GEOSCIENCE EDUCATION 60, 228–233 (2012) Popularizing Geological Education Among Civil Engineering Students Chen Xiang-jun1,a and Zhou Ying2 ABSTRACT The sustainable development of an economy and a society cannot be realized without the help of modern geoscience. Engineering geology knowledge is necessary on a civil engineering construction site to ensure the construction work goes smoothly. This paper first discusses the importance of geoscience, especially the study of engineering geology. Then, the current Chinese engineering geology course for civil engineering students is summarized. The engineering geology course at Shijiazhuang Tiedao University is described in detail, including its history, its content, and some teaching tactics for the course. The paper closes with an evaluation of the effects of the teaching tactics. Ó 2012 National Association of Geoscience Teachers. [DOI: 10.5408/10-207.1] Key words: engineering geology, civil engineering IMPORTANCE OF GEOLOGICAL STUDY geological science can tell humans how to exploit and utilize On 19 June 2007, Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jia-bao, resources reasonably, reduce consumption of resources, who is also a geologist, expounded on the importance of reduce environmental damage, and prevent geological geological study when he talked with officials of the hazards. The harmony between Earth and humans funda- International Union of Geological Sciences. The prime mentally depends on the progress of geology. Improving the minister said he believes that the tasks of modern geoscience, level of geological research can help humans face the which is closely connected with the economy, society, and challenges of energy scarcity, environment destruction, environment, are to support the sustainable development of natural disasters, and so on. -
U.S. Geological Survey Library Classification System
U.S. Geological Survey Library Classification System U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2010 AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the current-year issues of the monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Survey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List." Publications that are listed in various U.S. Geological Survey catalogs (see back inside cover) but not listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List" are no longer available. Prices of reports released to the open files are given in the listing "U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Reports," updated monthly, which is for sale in microfiche from U.S. Geological Survey Book and Open-File Report Sales, Box 25425, Denver, CO 80225. Reports released through the NTIS may be obtained by writing to the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Springfield, VA 22161; please include NTIS report number with inquiry. Order U.S. Geological Survey publications by mail or over the counter from the offices given below. BY MAIL OVER THE COUNTER Books Books Professional Papers, Bulletins, Water-Supply Papers, Books of the U.S. Geological Survey are available over the Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Circulars, publications counter at the following U.S. Geological Survey Public Inquiries of general interest (such as leaflets, pamphlets, booklets), single copies Offices, all of which are authorized agents of the Superintendent of of Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Preliminary Determination of Epicenters, Documents: and some miscellaneous reports, including some of the foregoing series that have gone out of print at the Superintendent of Documents, are • ANCHORAGE, Alaska—Rm. -
The Influence of Geology on Battlefield Terrain and It's Affects on Military Operations in Mountains and Karst Regions: Examp
Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik Vol. 19 str. 57 - 66 Zagreb, 2007. UDC 341.31:550.9 Original scientific paper UDK 341.31:550.9 Originalni znanstveni rad Language/Jezik:English/Engleski THE INFLUENCE OF GEOLOGY ON BATTLEFIELD TERRAIN AND IT’S AFFECTS ON MILITARY OPERATIONS IN MOUNTAINS AND KARST REGIONS: EXAMPLES FROM WW1 AND AFGHANISTAN UTJECAJ GEOLOGIJE BOJNOG POLJA NA VOJNE OPERACIJE U PLANINSKOM I KRŠKOM PODRUČJU: PRIMJERI IZ PRVOG SVJETSKOG RATA I IZ AFGANISTANA MARKO ZEČEVIĆ1, ENIO JUNGWIRTH2 1 Ministry of Defence, Material Resources Directorate, Bauerova 31, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia e-mail:[email protected] 2 Ministry of Defence, Institute for Researches and Development of Defense Systems, Ilica 256 b, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia e-mail:[email protected] Key words: Military geology, “geological intelligence”, mountain Ključne riječi: Vojna geologija, “geološko izvješćivanje”, ratovanje u warfare, karst regions, terrain analysis planinama, krška područja, analiza terena Abstract Sažetak During the World War I conflict between the Austrian and Italian Tijekom 1. svjetskog rata u sukobu između talijanske i austro-ugar- army, Austrian engineer units constructed hallways in the karst region of ske vojske na rijeci Soči, austrijske su inženjerijske postrojbe izgradile Soča river. Those hallways, karst phenomena (caverns, caves) and other tunele u kršu. Takvi umjetni objekti (tuneli) i prirodni krški fenomeni fortifications, gave the Austrian army a tactical advantage. The construc- (kaverne, prirodne spilje), kao i druge fortifikacije omogućile su austro- tion principle of caverns is the consequence of the geological structure ugarskoj vojsci prednost u taktičkom smislu. Princip izgradnje tunela of the terrain. We are watching another military conflict in Afghanistan. -
Engineering Geology the University of Toledo Department of Environmental Sciences EEES-3250, (43488)
Engineering Geology The University of Toledo Department of Environmental Sciences EEES-3250, (43488) Instructor: James Martin-Hayden Term: Fall 2015 Email: [email protected] Class Location: BO-1006 Office Hours: M-Th, 11:30am-12:45pm Class Day/Time: TR 3:45-5:25pm Office Location: BO-3051A (in back of lab BO-3051) Credit Hours: 3 Office Phone: 419-530-2634 (use email if no answer) COURSE/CATALOG DESCRIPTION Application of geologic principles to engineering practices (dams, tunnels, drainage, foundations and water supply). Labs stress rock and mineral identification, quality control tests in engineering design and construction using rock. COURSE OVERVIEW This class introduces the application of geologic principles to engineering practices through a series of readings, laboratory exercises and practical problems. The first portion of the class covers the fundamentals of geology including: plate tectonics and the resulting distributions of geologic materials and phenomena; mineral, rock and soil characterization; geologic structures; and construction and use of geologic maps. The remainder of the course investigates specific geologic processes and applications to engineering practices. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon completing this course, the student will be able to: 1. Assess plate tectonic settings for geologic hazards and rock types expected, 2. Identify common rock-forming minerals as hand specimens and in rock samples, 3. Classify three types of rocks based on texture and composition, 4. Decipher geologic setting of sediment and rock formation, 5. Perform rock mechanic analyses including stress-strain relationships and rock mass classification, 6. Use strike/dip data to analyze and map dipping, folded, and faulted strata, 7. -
Engineering Geology in Washington, Volume I Washington Diviaion of Geology and Euth Resources Bulletin 78
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY IN WASHINGTON Volume I RICHARD W. GALSTER, Chairman Centennial Volume Committee Washington State Section, Association of Engineering Geologists WASHINGTON DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND EARTH RESOURCES BULLETIN 78 1989 Prepared in cooperation with the Washington State Section of the A~ociation or Engineering Geologists ''WNatural ASHINGTON STATE Resources DEPARTMENT OF Brian Boyle • Commlssloner 01 Public Lands Ari Stearns - Sup,,rvuor Division of Geology and Earth Resources Raymond LcumanJs. Slate Geologist The use of brand or trade names in this publication is for pur poses of identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the Washington Division of Geology and Earth Resources or the Association of Engineering Geologists. This report is for sale (as the set of two volumes only) by: Publications Washington Department of Natural Resources Division of Geology and Earth Resources Mail Stop PY-12 Olympia, WA 98504 Price $ 27.83 Tax 2.17 Total $ 30.00 Mail orders must be prepaid; please add $1.00 to each order for postage and handling. Make checks or money orders payable to the Department of Natural Resources. This publication is printed on acid-free paper. Printed in the United States of America. ii VOLUME I DEDICATION . ................ .. .. ...... ............ .......................... X FOREWORD ........... .. ............ ................... ..... ................. xii LIST OF AUTHORS ............................................................. xiv INTRODUCTION Engineering Geology in Washington: Introduction Richard W. Galster, Howard A. Coombs, and Howard H. Waldron ................... 3 PART I: ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AND ITS PRACTICE IN WASHINGTON Geologic Factors Affecting Engineered Facilities Richard W. Galster, Chapter Editor Geologic Factors Affecting Engineered Facilities: Introduction Richard W. Galster ................. ... ...................................... 17 Geotechnical Properties of Geologic Materials Jon W. Koloski, Sigmund D. Schwarz, and Donald W. -
GSA TODAY North-Central, P
Vol. 9, No. 10 October 1999 INSIDE • 1999 Honorary Fellows, p. 16 • Awards Nominations, p. 18, 20 • 2000 Section Meetings GSA TODAY North-Central, p. 27 A Publication of the Geological Society of America Rocky Mountain, p. 28 Cordilleran, p. 30 Refining Rodinia: Geologic Evidence for the Australia–Western U.S. connection in the Proterozoic Karl E. Karlstrom, [email protected], Stephen S. Harlan*, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 Michael L. Williams, Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003-5820, [email protected] James McLelland, Department of Geology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, [email protected] John W. Geissman, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, [email protected] Karl-Inge Åhäll, Earth Sciences Centre, Göteborg University, Box 460, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden, [email protected] ABSTRACT BALTICA Prior to the Grenvillian continent- continent collision at about 1.0 Ga, the southern margin of Laurentia was a long-lived convergent margin that SWEAT TRANSSCANDINAVIAN extended from Greenland to southern W. GOTHIAM California. The truncation of these 1.8–1.0 Ga orogenic belts in southwest- ern and northeastern Laurentia suggests KETILIDEAN that they once extended farther. We propose that Australia contains the con- tinuation of these belts to the southwest LABRADORIAN and that Baltica was the continuation to the northeast. The combined orogenic LAURENTIA system was comparable in -
Inside: GSA Bookstore Update, a Special Insert, P
VOL. 14, NO. 6 A PUBLICATION OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA JUNE 2004 Title Sponsor of the 2004 GSA Annual Meeting. Inside: GSA Bookstore Update, A Special Insert, p. 33 Limnogeology Division Award, p. 59 GeoMart Geoscience Directory, p. 62 VOLUME 14, NUMBER 6 JUNE 2004 GSA TODAY publishes news and information for more than 18,000 GSA members and subscribing libraries. GSA Today Cover Images: Upper left: “The Big Blue lead science articles should present the results of exciting new research or summarize and synthesize important problems or Marble,” courtesy of NASA. Lower left: Larson issues, and they must be understandable to all in the earth B Ice Shelf collapse. Image courtesy of NASA/ science community. Submit manuscripts to science editors GSFC/LaRC/JPL, MISR Team. View of the Keith A. Howard, [email protected], or Gerald M. Ross, Soyuz TMA-2 spacecraft docked to the cargo [email protected]. block on the International Space Station. GSA TODAY (ISSN 1052-5173 USPS 0456-530) is published 11 Image courtesy of the crew of ISS Expedition times per year, monthly, with a combined April/May issue, by The Geological Society of America, Inc., with offices at 3300 Penrose 7, NASA. Place, Boulder, Colorado. Mailing address: P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140, U.S.A. Periodicals postage paid at Boulder, Colorado, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Send address changes to GSA Today, GSA Sales and Service, P.O. Box 9140, Boulder, CO 80301-9140. Copyright © 2004, The Geological Society of America, Inc. (GSA). Geoscience in a Changing World: Denver 2004 All rights reserved.