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ISSN: 2349-8269 DIMAPUR GOVERNMENT COLLEGE JOURNAL 2020 Volume II, Issue No.1 Heritage Publishing House Dimapur: Nagaland. Copyright © Dimapur Government College, 2020 All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the permission of the copyright owner. ISSN: 2349-8269 `300.00 Heritage Publishing House Tajen Ao Road, Duncan Dimapur-797113, Nagaland. Dimapur Government College Journal • Vol. II • Issue No.1 • 2020 Editorial Note imapur Government College Journal is a multi- disciplinary journal published annually. The Journal Dstarted its first publication in 2015 and the first volume carried five issues. The current publication is the first issue of the second volume. The articles received have gone through a series of reviewing process. Only papers that have satisfied the reviewing process have been taken for publication. It is a matter of fact that research has been the key element in growth and development of a nation. Research investigates systematically into a problem or situation and assists in solving the problem. Hence, researches both scholarly and professionally have been expanding regularly to a great measure. In view of the growing need and significance of research, the Dimapur Government College Journal continues to hold quality publication in its endeavour. In the current issue, ten research papers addressing wide range of intellectual discourse have been presented. The present publication includes vital aspects of environmental concerns, economic factors, historical facts and socio-cultural importance. Environmental issues pertaining to urban solid-waste management; hazardous impact of environmental pollution on housing and empirical study on drainage management system have been addressed. The employment which has been the fundamental for economic sustenance has been discussed (iii) Editorial Note particularly in government sector in Nagaland. Also, the economic sustainability of the rural areas through horticultural farming has been examined based on empirical research. A historical perspective of the battle at Thuda that was fought between two opposing armed forces in Nagaland state has been presented based on factual account of the incident. Further, the sociological aspects of the Naga society such as patterns of chieftainship and the customary law have been widely enumerated and discussed. Hence, the editorial team has the confident that the deliberations made in this Journal will augment the growth and progress of an academic community as well as the society at large. The Editorial Board would like to express heartfelt gratitude to the external Peer-Reviewers; Prof. B. Kilangla Jamir, Prof. S.K. Patnaik, Prof. Kedilezo Kikhi, Dr. Neizo Puro, Dr. Lichumo Enie, Dr. Thejotalu Nakro, Dr. Viheno Iralu and Dr. Kekhrieseno Christina. Their valuable feedback and recommendations have made the Journal a standard one. Also, hearty appreciation and gratitude goes to the researchers and scholars for their contribution which makes this Journal possible. The Editorial Board is, therefore, pleased to present the Volume-II, Issue No.1 of Dimapur Government College Journal. Editorial Board (iv) Dimapur Government College Journal • Vol. II • Issue No.1 • 2020 Foreword am happy to learn that the Dimapur Government College is bringing out Volume-II, Issue No.1 of the Journal. The I successful accomplishment of this task is a result of persistent hard work and sincerity of the teachers and students involved in research. I congratulate all the researchers and the editorial board on the successful publication of this research Journal. Research is a systematic investigation towards increasing the sum of knowledge. It is to be noted that the progress and development of a nation depends on the standard of excellence set by its institution of higher learning. Gone are the days, when teaching and research were viewed mutually exclusive and research was wrongly accorded a status above that of teaching. Now, the participation of teachers of colleges and universities in research field has become very important for the fast development in all sectors of human activities. The strong research background of the faculties enriches the teaching-learning processes of the institutions and brings out advancement of the society. Research articles are the final output of most research. The fact that many scholars contributed articles in this Journal is a sign of research activities that is going sturdy. All researchers have attempted to carry out intensive study on their topics before presenting their own evaluation, interpretation and augmentation. Some findings may provoke debate or may open ways for more research in that field. However, this is a (v) Foreword sincere effort by the researchers to present their viewpoints. There is always a room for improvement of quality of research; hence everyone should strive for improvement. I am sure this collection of interesting research papers may act as a beacon light to teachers desirous of kick starting research works in their field of interest and specialization. Dr. Moanochet Longchar Principal Dimapur Government College (vi) Dimapur Government College Journal • Vol. II • Issue No.1 • 2020 Editorial Board Editor Dr. Yelhi Vero, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. Associate Editors 1. Dr. T. Jamedi Longkumer Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. 2. Dr. Benjongkumba Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. 3. Ms. Vivi Swu Assistant Professor, Department of History, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. 4. Ms. Herali Achumi Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. 5. Ms. Imkongmenla Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. 6. Dr. Asangba Tzüdir Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. (vii) List of Reviewers List of Reviewers 1. Prof. B. Kilangla Jamir Professor in Economics & Dean, Research Development and Consultancy, Nagaland University, Lumami. 2. Prof. S.K. Patnaik Professor, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh. 3. Prof. (Dr.) Kedilezo Kikhi Professor of Sociology & Chair Professor, Dr. Ambedkar Chair, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam. 4. Dr. Neizo Puro Assistant Professor, Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami. 5. Dr. Viheno Iralu Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Patkai Christian College (Autonomous University), Dimapur, Nagaland. 6. Dr. Thejotalu Nienu Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Phek Government College, Phek. 7. Dr. Lichumo Enie Principal, Unity College, Dimapur. 8. Dr. Kekhrieseno Christina Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Sociology, Kohima College, Kohima. (viii) CONTENTS Editorial Note iii Foreword v About the Contributors ix Editorial Board vii List of Reviewers viii A Comprehensive Literature Review on Bioremediation 1 of Heavy Metal Waste Using Microorganisms - B. Ghosh Solid Waste Management: An Overview Study of 15 Kohima Municipal Council - Dr. K. Hukato Swu, Bokali Kibami Impact of Hazardous Ambience on Housing Locations 31 in Dimapur Town, Nagaland - Dr. Vitsosie Vupru Solid Waste Disposal: A Comparative Analysis of Waste 44 Disposal Practices and Waste Awareness at the Town and Village Level - Neizhanuo Golmei, Moameren Pongen An Empirical Study on the Drainage System in Dimapur: 59 Current Status and Future Solutions - Nilesh Kumar Prasad, Dhruba Kumar Paul, Dr. Sita Malakar Government Sector Employment in Nagaland 73 - Pudezono Tase (ix) Potential of Horticultural Farming and Livelihood 90 Sustainability: A Case Study of Plum Farming at Enhulumi Village of Phek District, Nagaland - Dr. Yelhi Vero, Eneingulo-u Lasuh The Battle of Thuda: A Historical Perspective 106 - Vivi Swu Patterns of Chieftainship with Special Reference to the 118 Sumi Nagas of Northeast India - Herali Achumi, Dr. Dominic Meyieho A Worldview of the Poumai Naga Vis-a-Vis Customary 138 Laws and Practices - Paul Punü, Dr. Dominic Meyieho Guidelines for Submission of Papers 158 (x) Dimapur Government College Journal • Vol. II • Issue No.1 • 2020 About the Contributors 1. B. Ghosh, NuvoTechviron, Guwahati - 781022, Assam, India. Email: [email protected]. 2. Dr. K. Hukato Swu, Deputy Director, Directorate of Higher Education, Nagaland. Kohima. Email: hukatoighaswu68@ gmail.com. 3. Ms. Bokali Kibami, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. Email: [email protected]. 4. Dr. Vitsosie Vupru, Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Dimapur Government College, Dimapur. Email: [email protected]. 5. Neizhanuo Golmei, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Nagaland University. Email: neizhanuo@ nagalanduniversity.ac.in. 6. Moameren Pongen, Research Scholar, Department of Political Science, Nagaland University. 7. Nilesh Kumar Prasad, B.SC. 6th Semester, Department of Physics, St. John College, Dimapur, Nagaland, India. 8. Dhruba Kumar Paul, B.SC. 6th Semester, Department of Physics, St. John College, Dimapur, Nagaland, India. (xi) About the Contributors 9. Dr. Sita Malakar, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, St. John College, Dimapur, Nagaland, India. Email: [email protected]. 10. Pudezono Tase, Assistant Professor, Department of