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P a L a E O N T O G R a P H I C A P A L A E O N T O G R A P H I C A CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE PAST FOUNDED BY J. F. POMPECKJ IN BERLIN WITH THE COOPERATION OF F. BROILI, O. JAEKEL, H. RAUFF AND G. STEINMANN AS REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GERMAN GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY SUPPLEMENT VII 1ST. PART, VOLUME I SUPPLEMENT I. C O N T E N T S : SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE TENDAGURU EXPEDITION 1909-1912 W. JANENSCH: THE COELUROSAURS AND THEROPODS OF THE TENDAGURU FORMATION, GERMAN EAST AFRICA (PAGES 1-100 WITH PLATES I-IX AND 32 TEXT-FIGURES) S T U T T G A R T S C H W E I Z E R B A R T ' S P U B L I S H I N G H O U S E ( E R W I N N Ä G E L E ) G. M. B. H. 1 9 2 5 SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE TENDAGURU EXPEDITION 1909-1912 N E W R E S U L T S FOUNDED BY GEOLOGICAL-PALEONTOLOGICAL INSTITUTE AND MUSEUM OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BERLIN THROUGH W. JANENSCH IN BERLIN S T U T T G A R T S C H W E I Z E R B A R T ' S P U B L I S H I N G H O U S E ( E R W I N N Ä G E L E ) G. M. B. H. 1 9 2 5 THE COELUROSAURS AND THEROPODS OF THE TENDAGURU FORMATION GERMAN EAST AFRICA BY W. JANENSCH WITH PL. I-X AND 32 TEXT-FIGURES translated by John D. Oldroyd (date unknown) transferred to computer and emended by Matthew Carrano, August 2000* * Original citation: Janensch, W. 1925. Die Coelurosaurier und Theropoden der Tendaguru-Schichten Deutsch- Ostafrikas. Palaeontographica, Supplement VIII: 1-100. Original authors footnotes are translated without notation. Original translator’s comments appear in footnotes as “JDO”; secondary translator’s comments appear as “MTC”. Foreword. The c o e l u r o s a u r s and t h e r o p o d s found on the Tendaguru Expedition from 1909-12 come mainly from the area of the Tendaguru, that is, from the main digging area south of the Mbemkuru River. Even if the material is not plentiful at the start, it is nevertheless important in that it furnishes important information about the carnivorous portion of the terrestrial fauna of the Tendaguru Formation, and by rounding out the picture of this fauna provides a basis for comparison with other faunas, particularly that of the Morrison Formation in North America. In a purely paleontological respect, the major accomplishment of this work is the knowledge of the greater part of the skeleton of the new coelurosaur genus Elaphrosaurus, as already noted with some other information in an earlier paper by me. The entire body of prepared material divides itself naturally into three parts: the remains of c o e l u r o s a u r s , those of the large t h e r o p o d s , and the rich collection of individual teeth of both groups. Just as the many imperfect and unimposing finds and the teeth that are generally considered as of little worth systematically, altogether present a thorough representation, so it is that nothing in the collection was left unused, in order that the most complete knowledge possible could be obtained about the fauna. With the division into c o e l u r o s a u r s and t h e r o p o d s I superficially use the assumption of the independence of the c o e l u r o s a u r s , as W. D. MATTHEW, O. ABEL, and F. BROILI have furthered F. Baron v. HUENE's model. For the large, big-headed, short-necked carnivores I use, as do the first three authors mentioned above, MARSH’s old term t h e r o p o d . I must state, however, that in my opinion the ranking of both groups as suborders is too high a taxon, and in light of the meaningful similarity of the organization I think they are more closely related. That I received the material of c o e l u r o s a u r s and t h e r o p o d s to work on, I am indebted to the earlier Director of the Geologic-Paleontologic Institute and Museum of the University of Berlin and organizer of the T e n d a g u r u Expedition, Mr. Geh. Rat Prof. Dr. W. v. BRANCA. To the present Director of this Institute and Museum, Mr. Geh. Rat Prof. Dr. J. F. POMPECKJ, am I obliged to give the largest thanks for valuable promotion of these papers, in particular for the fact that he generously provided the means from the Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften for preparing the illustrations. My friend, Mr. Prof. Dr. Baron v. HUENE supported me by providing a not yet published work and his rich collection of drawings for perusal, for which I heartily thank him. I thank Mr. Dr. EBERT for allowing Mr. V. W. KRÜGER, teacher of art anatomy, to do almost all of the illustration in this work; the teeth were photographed carefully by Mr. Kartograph TÖBBICKE. W. Janensch. Table of Contents. Page Foreword 3 Coelurosaurs 7 Elaphrosaurus bambergi JANENSCH 7 Skeleton from quarry dd 7 Material from the Dysalotosaurus-quarry 44 Summary of the illustrated characters and comparison 46 Articulation of the vertebrae 47 Reconstruction 49 Systematic assignment 50 Tibiae of other c o e l u r o s a u r s 50 Theropods 54 Preface 54 Material from the S t e g o s a u r - quarry 54 Area Nw, discovery of Ceratosaurus (?) roechlingi, n. sp. 61 Digging area TL 65 Individual finds (including Allosaurus tendagurensis, n. sp.) 74 Relationships of the remains of the t h e r o p o d s 77 Teeth 79 Preface 79 Teeth of c o e l u r o s a u r s 80 Teeth of t h e r o p o d s 86 Labrosaurus (?) stechowi JANENSCH 86 Megalosaurus (?) ingens JANENSCH 90 Further material on teeth of t h e r o p o d s 91 Relationships of the teeth 95 Summary of the coelurosaur and theropod fauna of the Tendaguru Formation 97 Index of literature 98 Coelurosaurs. Elaphrosaurus bambergi Janensch. The finding of this species has already been noted in my earlier paper (1920). The material, except for a dorsal vertebra and a manual phalanx from the Dysalotosaurus-quarry, is limited to those parts of a skeleton that were found in the Middle Saurian Bed north of T e n d a g u r u at K i n d o p e at the very productive quarry (dd) in association with material from the sauropod genera Dicraeosaurus, Brachiosaurus, Gigantosaurus, and Barosaurus(?) (=Gigantosaurus africanus E. FRAAS). Sixteen individual presacral vertebrae, the sacrum with a wide, fused presacral vertebra, 18 isolated caudal vertebra, 2 incomplete ribs, a haemapophysis, the right humerus, a questionable first and fourth metacarpal, the ilium and ischium, an isolated pubis, from the left hind limb the femur, tibia, fibula, astragalus, three metatarsals, two phalanges of the second and one of the fourth toe. That these separated bones belong to the same skeleton does not appear to me to be the least bit doubtful. The state of preservation merits a short discussion. Most of the bones of quarry dd were covered with a layer of thick, light (in color) sometimes secondary* chalk. The fine ridges (carinae) and projections that poke through the chalk covering, and therefore not protected by the chalk, are usually both preserved. The thin, fine laminae and ridges, as also the delicate edges of the processes of the vertebra and especially the cervical vertebrae are for the most part destroyed; the ends of the transverse processes and the zygapophyses are generally broken off and missing. In addition, most of the remaining various processes are often more or less bent or projecting in the wrong direction as a result of pressure. The bones are also highly fractured and the spaces are filled with secondary chalk-spar; but the form of most of the bones is only slightly, if at all, altered. The imperfections and changes of form had to always be kept in mind in order to prevent error. That the descriptive parts are therefore somewhat longer than may be desirable is regrettably unavoidable. Skeleton from Quarry dd. P r e s a c r a l V e r t e b r a e . The 14 individual presacral vertebra are designated by consecutive letters in the following description; the given position is the one assumed by me. a) Third Presacral Vertebra. Pl. II, Fig. 1. The centrum is strongly compressed laterally through deep pockets behind the anterior end and in the posterior half by extensive pleurocentral grooves (directed above and behind) that are not bounded by sharp edges; and compressed to such a degree that only a thin, median wall of bone remains. The ventral surface of the centrum widens quickly toward the front to the parapophyses, and then, before the middle, becomes very narrow and then widens again; in the posterior half it is imperfectly preserved and therefore unclear. The ventral outline makes a flat ascending arch, from * “spätigen” = late, so it probably means secondary. – JDO. a lateral view, whose highest point lies before the middle, and passes posteriorly to a concave, but very flat bow.
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