[Communicated to the Council and the Members of the League.] C. 209. M. 152. 1937. x i. [O.C.S.300 (d).]

Geneva, April 1st, 1937.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS

ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON TRAFFIC IN OPIUM AND OTHER DANGEROUS DRUGS

SUMMARY

OF ILLICIT TRANSACTIONS AND SEIZURES

REPORTED TO THE SECRETARIAT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

BETWEEN JANUARY 1s t AND MARCH 31s t , 1937 PART I. CASES REPORTED IN PREVIOUS SUMMARIES IN REGARD TO WHICH FURTHER INFORMATION HAS BEEN RECEIVED.

No. 448. — Illicit Traffic by Dr. Fritz Müller, Dr. Hubert Rauch and Others, 1927 to 1929. SeeC.511.M.251.1932.XI The German Consulate at Geneva reports (February 22nd, 1937 [O.C.294(A:)], that the German subject, Dr. Diepenhorst, implicated in this case died pages 13-15, and C.566.M.277.1932.XI on August 15th, 1936. The proceedings against Kurt Smith of the [O.C.294{/)], page 6 . Tamara-Handelsgesellschaft, Hamburg, have been stopped for the time 16443/157. being, as this individual has been abroad since 1934. No. 77. — Seizure at Sofia on December 18th, 1935. See The Representative of Austria on the Advisory Committee states C. 167. M. 103.1936.X I (January 4th, 1937) that there is not and never has been in Vienna a [O.C.S.300], page 27. firm called “ The Isihi Egypt Co., Kobe In December 1929, the 22723/387. Swiss authorities discovered a widespread drug-smuggling organisation in which Dr. Hubert Rauch, of Vernier, Geneva, and Dr. Fritz Müller- O.C.S./Conf. 64(a). Widemann, Basle, were implicated.1 In Dr. Müller’s account-books there was an account also for a so-called firm “ The Isihi Egypt Co., Kobe ”, to which 70 kg. of narcotic drugs had been delivered in one year. These narcotic drugs were sent through Vienna. Nathan Altmann and Regina Metzendorf, of Vienna, were implicated in the smuggling operations. These narcotic drugs were probably bought by the Egyptian, Hussein El Neanay, then residing in Vienna. As can be seen from the archives of the Vienna Police Headquarters, the name “ The Isihi Egypt Co. ” was merely a pseudonym designed to deceive the Swiss authorities. According to the file in the International Bureau, Vienna Federal Police Headquarters, the individual described as “ Cherler ” was reported to the Bureau by the Sofia Police Headquarters as Guillermo (Willi) (Wilhelm) Mariano Scherler, born on August 17th, 1905, at Buczacz (Poland), Spanish national, merchant, unmarried, holder of passport No. 70, issued on September 12t.h, 1935, by the Spanish Legation at Istanbul.

RESULTS OF JUDICIAL PROCEEDINGS IN CONNECTION WITH SEVERAL CASES OF ILLICIT TRAFFIC PREVIOUSLY REPORTED.

Result Reference Name Imprisonment Fine

Egypt. C. 124. M. 77.1937. XI Abdel Hamid El [O.C.S.300(c)], page 27, Kelani ...... 2 years £E400 No. 413. Sayed Mohamed Selim . Mohamed Mohamed Ei R u b y ...... I year £E60 Ahmed Ibrahim Hamman ...... Mohamed Ibrahim Youssef ...... 6 months £E30 Mohamed Moursi Sakr . Ashour Ashour Amer ..

By the Greek Consular Court C. 124. M.77.1937. XI Petro Perides . . [O.C.S.300(c)], page 27, Sarandi Mastori 6 months No. 414.

C. 124. M. 77.1937.X I Elias Rameh 6 months [O.C.S.300(c)], page 29, No. 418. C. 124. M. 77.1937. XI Sayed Ibrahi...... [O.C.S.300(c)], page 32, Shehata...... No. 429. Ali Hassan Aref ...... 2 years £E400 Mohd. Ai Abdel Fattah

By the British Consular Court C. 124. M.77.1937.X I Shounou...... Acquitted [O.C.S.300(c)], page 33, Mohd. Gan . . No. 432. Kalo Mansur 6 months

C. 124. M. 77.1927. XI Agostinho Anteo 1 year £E200 [O.C.S.300(c)], page 33, No. 433.

1 See document C.51I.M.251.1932.XI[O.C.294(/t)], pages 13-15, No.448.

S.d.N. 820 (F.) 695 (A.) 6/37. Imp. Granchamp, Annemasse. — 3 —

PART II.

A. REPORTS ON THE DISCOVERY OF CLANDESTINE MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS.

B. NEW CASES OF SEIZURES DIVIDED INTO THE FOLLOWING GROUPS :

1. R a w O p iu m . 5. Co c a in e . 2. P r e p a r e d O piu m a n d D ro ss. 6. I n d ia n H em p D r u g s. 3. M o r p h in e . 7. M iscellaneous. 4. H e r o in .

A. REPORTS ON THE DISCOVERY OF CLANDESTINE MANUFACTURE OF NARCOTIC DRUGS.

No. 449. — Discovery of a Rudimentary Installation for the Manufacture of Heroin at Sofia, November 25th, 1936. Reports communicated by the Bulgarian Delegation, Geneva, February 18th and March 3rd, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Apparatus and utensils for the manufacture of heroin. O.C.S./Conf. 203. _ _ . .. „ 1. Persons implicated : Eschua Friedmann , 1 alias Ese-hua Mayer 26749/387. and Eshua Ben Menachem Zion ; .Janko Parachkevoff Dimitroff,2 formerly a wrorkman at the St. Mladénoff Narcotics Factory ; Todor Nenoff Todoroff, trader at Sofia ; Takvor Setrakian, owner of a tannery in Sofia ; Todor Ivanoff Radeff, mechanic and proprietor of a mechanic’s workshop ; Lambri Kotzeff Lambreff, Sofia ; Nicolas Petro ff Piperevsky, Sofia ; Boris Dimitroff and Detcho Hadji Detcheff, Sofia ; Petre Tchoutcheff, Plovdiv ; Meyer Nissim Varon, a trader at Sofia ; Mariano, alias Heinrich der .Junge, Prague ; Hermann ; Jean Demison.

3. Friedmann arrived at Sofia from Vienna on November 6 th, 1936. He was placed under observation, and was arrested at Sofia station just as he was leaving again for Vienna. An examination of the correspondence found on him proved conclusively that he had not succeeded in purchasing any drugs, but had placed orders for heroin. As a result of further investigations, the police discovered a small rudimentary installation for the manufacture of heroin on the upper floor of the tannery belonging to Setrakian. Police investigations showed that Janko Dimitroff had in 1936 decided to set up a sort of workshop for the manufacture of heroin in conjunction with Todoroff. With this object, they had rented in June 1936 part of the upper floor of Setrakian’s tannery, where they installed the apparatus. The installation was working up to the end of October 1936. It appears from the statements of Dimitroff and Todoroff that they converted about 70 kg. of opium and obtained about 7 kg. of heroin. They did not possess the means necessary to purchase the raw opium themselves and simply converted opium for other people. They appear to have received from 3,500 to 4,000 leva for the preparation of 1 kg. of heroin. Lambreff, Piperevsky, Boris Dimitroff, Detcheff and Tchoutcheff were mentioned as having delivered raw opium or taken delivery of heroin. They appear to have procured the raw opium in small quantities direct from producers in the Petritch district. It has not been possible to determine exactly what was the destination of the heroin produced. It seems likely that a large part of it was lost owing to the inexperience of the manufacturers. About 1 kg. of heroin had been taken by Todoroff and Varon to Paris and sold there. Further, Janko Dimitroff and Todoroff travelled to Belgrade and Bucharest, where they got into touch with Mariano, Hermann and Jean Demison, but it is not possible to determine wrhether they sold them any heroin. Both traffickers declare that they did not export or sell any drugs, but that they went to Belgrade and Bucharest to meet certain international traffickers, with a view to setting up a drug factory on a more ambitious scale at Sofia, Belgrade or Prague. 4. The apparatus and utensils discovered in the workshop were confiscated and fines were imposed on all the offenders.

No. 450. — Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory at Tientsin on August5th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 7 kg. 150 grs. O.C.S./Conf.l73. Opium juice : 8 earthen vessels. 14177/388 Utensils and paraphernalia for manufacturing heroin. 2. Persons implicated : Knodo, Watanabe Saburo, Sakhashi, Matsumoto, Mukai, Tsunoda, Nakajima, Watanabe, Matsumura, Matsuyama, all Japanese ; Wang Yao-tsu. Chinese.

1 See documents C.279.M. 130.1931.XI[O.C.294 (3)], page 21, and G.734.M.339.1931.XI[O.C.294{ft)J, page 7, No. 59. 3 See case No. 454 of this document. — 4 —

3 . Acting on secret information, the narcotic police, in conjunction with the Japanese police, raided a house in 27, Ma Ch’ang Tao, occupied by the Ping An Transporting Co. The above accused were arrested and the heroin, etc., seized. The Japanese police, claiming that most of those arrested were Japanese, not only took all the Japanese to the Japanese Consulate, but also all the evidence relative to the case, with the exception of the opium juice, which they spilt down the gutter. Wang Yao-tsu was brought before the Public Safety Bureau for triai. He claimed that he worked as a cook for Knodo, in the Japanese Concession, Tientsin. On July 26th, they moved to the Ping An Transporting Co., where he continued to work as a cook and all-round man. Later, he noticed that there was considerable loading and transporting during the night and he learned that the company was a heroin factory. He was occasionally asked by one Li Yu-vung, who seemed to be a liaison agent with the outer world, to lend a hand.

No. 451. — Discovery of a Clandestine Heroin Factory at 41, Tsingtao Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, October 4th, 1935. Report communicated by the Shanghai Municipal Council, January 14th, 1937. Reference : 1 (o'!. Heroin: Approximately 57 gram m es (2 oz.), in 63 smal O.C.S./Conf.l71. packets. 13103/388 Laboratory equipment. 2. Persons implicated : Tsang Kung Ling, alias Tsang Tsung Sung, unemployed cigar manufacturer ; Lee Sai Neu, female, native of Tsangchow. 3. A fire occurred in an upstairs front room of the dwelling-house. The fire was extinguished by the Municipal Fire Brigade before it had done much damage. On entering the house, a strong smell of ether pervaded the air and broken glasses were found lying on the floor and on the adjacent verandah. An examination of the room revealed that it, contained various laboratory utensils similar to those seized in raids on other heroin plants previously discovered. The equipment was poor, but there is no doubt that it w-as used to produce small quantities of heroin. It consisted of three white enamel basins, two porcelain kongs, one oil burner, two measuring-glasses, one porcelain mortar with two glass pestles, three lengths of rubber hose, one sieve, two small filtration flasks and a quantity of used filter-paper. The chemicals included three tins of alcohol and one bottle of acetic anhydride. 4. Both occupants are wanted on a circular order of arrest for being concerned in the manufacture of heroin. The order is on file pending execution. No. 452. — Discovery of Illicit Manufacture of Narcotics at 28, Yung Chi Li, Weihaiwei Road, International Settlement, Shanghai, November 27th, 1936. Report com­ municated by the Shanghai Municipal Council, January 14th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Laboratory equipment. O.C.S./Conf.l71. 2. Person implicated : Zung Tsu Zai, medical student, absconded. 13103/388. 3. A small fire occurred in the scullery on the ground floor of this dwelling-house. The fire was extinguished by the inmates An examination of the premises showed that two rooms on the ground floor contained various laboratory equipment similar to that found in other heroin factories previously discovered. The equipment and chemicals included two Buchner funnels, one large filtration flask, two tin funnels, two lengths of rubber hose, one measuring-glass, one sieve, two glass tubes with rubber cork attachments, one glass pestle, two large glass flasks, and two bottles of acidum aceticum, labelled “ Fukuju Laboratory, Japan Before his escape, Zung had forced open a trunk, from which, it would appear, he extracted some money and a small quantity of heroin. 4. Zung is wanted on a circular order of arrest for manufacturing heroin. The order is on file pending execution. No. 453. — Clandestine Manufacture of Heroin by Mihail Calogridis and Caliopi Nicolaidi, discovered at Istanbul. Report communicated by the Turkish Minister of Health and Social Welfare, January 28th, 1937. Reference : ^ 1(a). Morphine: 9 ampoules of 0.01 % each. O.C.S./Conf. 1/9. Utensils and ingredients for the manufacture of heroin. 27705/387. 2. Persons implicated : Mihail Calogridis and Caliopi Nicolaidi. 3. Calogridis, after serving a sentence of eighteen m onths’ impri­ sonment in Greece for illicit traffic in heroin, went to Istanbul and took a flat at Taxim, Pera. He lived at this address for about eight months in company with the woman Caliopi Nicolaidi. Close watch was kept over this couple and at the first alarm a search of the apartment was made. A hiding-place was discovered carefully concealed in the thickness of the wall, in which the utensils and ingredients were found. These utensils bore traces of morphine, but the only narcotics that were found on the premises were the ampoules of morphine. The correspon­ dence seized, however, showed clearly that the couple were clandestinely sending the heroin they manufactured to their correspondent in Greece. A further report is awaited from the Turkish authorities. B. NEW CASES OF SEIZURES.

I. RAW OPIUM.

No. 454. — Arrest of Nino Marani (Kleovoulos Vafnadis) between Feldkirch and Buchs, July 21st, 1936. Report communicated by the Austrian Government, January 20th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 17 kg. O.C.S./Conf. 187. r 6 , „ 2. Persons implicated : Nino Marani (real name : Kleovoulos 27619/387. Vafnadis), Greek. 3. Marani was arrested in the train between Feldkirch and Buchs and the opium was found in his overcoat and in a double-bottomed trunk. He had a railway ticket from Belgrade to Paris and stated that he had received the opium from a certain Janko 1 in Belgrade with orders to deliver it to a Parisian, whose name he did not know but who would be at a restaurant in the Champs-Elysées in Paris. Marani further confessed that he had regularly, two or three times a month, smuggled amounts in coin, varying from 1 0 , 0 0 0 to 20,000 French francs, from Paris to Belgrade. The correspondence seized on Marani proves that he is connected with an undertaking which is situated in the neighbourhood of Paris and which carries on the manufacture and conversion of drugs. He has in his service several persons, one of whom is a chemist who is paid a fairly high wage, whilst two others are named Clovis and Milova. These two persons are said to have travelled between Paris and Belgrade for the purpose of smuggling. After his arrest, Marani wrote a postcard to a certain Victor Prospery , 2 of Paris. It wras only later, after receiving the photograph and fingerprints of Marani, that the Vienna police discovered that he was no other than Kleovoulos Vafnadis, also known as Kleovoulos Vaphiades and Alexandre Pefcopoulos, pickpocket and smuggler. 4. Marani was sentenced to a fine of 3,332 Austrian schillings, or, as an alternative, to eighty-one days’ imprisonment with hard labour. He was further sentenced to three weeks’ imprisonment with hard labour for an offence against paragraph 361 of the Criminal Code. These two sentences were served and Marani was then expelled from Austria.

No. 455. — Seizures in Hong-Kong during October 1936. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 12th, 1937. The report includes seizures of over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.) only. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 29 kg. 546 grs. (782 taels). 27 kg. 279 grs. were O.C.S./Conf. 158(1). 0f Iranian origin and bore no mark. 2 kg. 267 grs. were of Chinese 10051/388. origin and bore the “ Kwong Tung Pagoda ” mark. 2. There wrere four Chinese arrested. 3. 11 kg. 335 grs. of Iranian opium were seized on two river steamers in the harbour of Victoria ; these steamers run regularly between Hong-Kong and Macao. 8 kg. 917 grs. were seized on a sampan in Aberdeen harbour, 4 kg. 307 grs. in a house in the city of Victoria and 2 kg. 720 grs. on a Macao steamer at the wharf on the person of a passenger who had just arrived from Macao. The Chinese opium was seized on the street in the city of Victoria on the person of the accused. 4. One Chinese was fined 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars or one year’s imprisonment ; one was fined 3,000 dollars or nine m onths’ imprisonment ; one was fined 1,000 dollars or six months’ imprisonment ; and one, 1 , 0 0 0 dollars or four months’ imprisonment.

No. 456. — Seizures in Hong-Kong during November 1936. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 10th, 1937. The report, includes seizures of over 50 taels (1 kg. 889 grs.) only. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium: 13 kg. 715 grs. (363 taels). 13 kg. 35 grs. were O.C.S./Conf. 180. 0f Ira n ia n origin an d th e rest of Chinese origin. 15391/388 Prepared opium : 680 grammes (18 taels). 2. Persons implicated : In one case, involving 2 kg. 720 grs. of Iranian opium, the Chief Officer on the s.s. Chuen Chow was arrested. The accused in two cases were Chinese and in one case there was no arrest.

3. There were four cases. 6 kg. 348 grs. of Iranian opium were found on board the s.s. Chak Sang in Victoria harbour during a routine search of the vessel. 2 kg. 720 grs. were handed over to the authorities by a European, who stated that he had been given the parcel to bring ashore by the Chief Officer of the s.s. Chuen Chow, which is on the regular run between

1 See case No. 449 of this document. 8 See case No. 541 of this document. — 6 —

Hong-Kong and Macao. There were 680 grammes of Red Lion opium in the same parcel. The Chinese opium and 3 kg. 967 grs. of Iranian opium were found in two houses in Kowloon. 4. The Chief Officer on the s.s. Chuen Chow was discharged for lack of evidence against him. One Chinese was fined 2,000 Hong-Kong dollars or six months’ imprisonment ; another was fined 1,400 dollars or five months’ imprisonment ; a third was discharged.

No. 457. — Seizure on the Train between Liang Wang Chuang and Tang Kwan Tun Stations of the Tientsin-Pukaw Railway, December 19th, 1936. Report com­ municated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Opium: 43 kg. 500 grs. in five big packages and thirty small O.C.S./Conf.218. packages. 14177/388. 2. Persons implicated : Fukishima, a Japanese, and his wife. 3. On December 19th, between Liang Wang Chuang and Tang Kwan Tun stations, the accused were found in a third-class car with three suit-cases. When questioned by the officials, they refused to submit to examination. The examination was, however, carried out and the opium found in the suit-cases. 4. The accused were taken back to Tientsin the same day and turned over to the Tientsin Public Safety Bureau. The opium was confiscated.

No. 458. — Seizure at North Station, Shanghai, August 6th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1 (a). Raw opium: 21 kg. O.C.S./Conf.l74. 2. Person implicated : Shima, Japanese. 14177/388. 3. The opium wTas found in six packages, concealed in the two handbags belonging to Shima, wTho wras in the Peiping-Shanghai through train which arrived at Shanghai on August 6 th. The opium was confiscated.

No. 459. — Seizure at Eastern Station, Tientsin, on July 11th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Opium powder: 12 kg. O.C.S./Conf. 174. o d • v * ^ t i • t 2. Person implicated : lokiwaza, Japanese.

14177/388. 3 On July 11th, 1936, a piece of luggage marked No. 00744 arrived at the Tientsin Eastern Railway station by rail from Kalgan. In view of its excessive weight, the railway authorities desired to examine its contents, but its owner made some excuse and went away. Two days later, nobody having come forward to claim the luggage in question, the stationmaster together with a police officer proceeded to examine its contents and found that it contained eleven paper parcels of opium powder. Subsequently, the Japanese Consulate at Kalgan sent an official to the Chief of Police of the Peiping-Mukden Railway stating that the luggage and the opium powder belonged to a Japanese named Tokiwaza. He requested that the luggage and the opium powder be handed over to him by the Police Bureau so that he might take them to his Consulate to prove the guilt and obtain the punishment of Tokiwaza, who was already detained at the Japanese Consulate. After thePolice Bureau had received an official document from the Police Bureau of the Japanese Consulate-General at Tientsin certifying to the correctness of this statement, the request was granted and the luggage and opium powder were handed over.

No. 460. — Seizure at the Central Station, Tientsin, August 23rd, 1936. Report com­ municated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Opium: 27 kg., gross weight. O.C.S./Conf.174. 2. Person implicated : Oikawa, Japanese. 14177/388. 3. After the train No. 301 arrived at the Central Station in Tientsin on August 23rd, Oikawa was seen hurriedly entering the station with two suit-cases. Examination revealed six packages of opium weighing 27 kg. He had in his possession a second-class return ticket from Tientsin to Tsingtao. 4. He was first taken to the Tientsin Public Safety Bureau for questioning and was later handed over to the Japanese Consular Police in Tientsin for trial.

No. 461. — Seizure in the International Settlement, Shanghai, October 26th, 1936. R eport communicated by the Municipal Council, Shanghai, January 14th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 12 kg. 269 grs. (432 oz.). Chinese origin, O.C.S./Conf.l71. probably Szechuan. Wrapped in white paper which bore no identifica­ 13103/388. tion marks. — 7 —

2. Persons implicated : Tseu Yeu Ling, of Chingkiang, and Tseu Siao Hai, of Tung- chow ; both Chinese. 3. Both the accused were arrested the same day on the Sinza Road, while transporting the opium in a motor-car. 4. They were each sentenced to two years and six months’ imprisonment and deprived of civil rights for two years.

No. 462. — Seizure in the International Settlement, Shanghai, December 8 th, 1936. Report communicated by the Shanghai Municipal Council, January 14th, 1937.

r w ^ /r ® f 1 7 i 1(q). Raw opium : 2 kg. 45 grs. (72 oz.). In one package bearing O.C.S./Conf.lvl. four chops with following inscriptions : (a) Yunnan, Y un g Kee, 13103/388. b e st quality ; (b) Examined b y th e Municipality of Greater Shanghai ; (c) Tax certificate of the Anti-Opium Association of the Yunnan Province ; (d) Zung Yah Kee, opium Hong, Nantao. The opium was of Yunnan origin. 2. Person implicated : Wong Kung Ling, native of Changchow. 3. Wong was arrested on Avenue Edward VII by a police search party, while riding in a tramcar with the opium in his possession. He stated that he had bought it at an Opium Monopoly hong, Zung Yah Kee, Nantao, Chinese territory, for 180 dollars. 4. Wong was sentenced to ten months’ imprisonment.

No. 463. — Drugs seized in Cuba and destroyed in Havana in August and December 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Cuba, September 23rd and December 29th, 1936.

Reference : 1(a). Opium : 13 kg. 212 grs. ; 40 cakes ; 16 packets; 16 flasks O.C.S./Conf.167. of liquid opium and 33 screws of paper containing opium. 1375/388. Morphine : 854 grammes ; 43 ampoules ; 2 packets ; 11 envelopes ; 1 tubeof tablets ; 10 tablets ; 139 screws of paper containing morphine. Heroin : % gramme. Cocaine : 196 grammes ; 58 ampoules ; 1 screw of paper containing cocaine. Marihuana : 2 kg. 809 grs. ; 452 cigars ; 425 cigarettes.

No. 464. — Seizure at Port Said on December 27th, 1936, ex the M/V “ Aramis ”. Reports communicated by the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 30th and February 2nd, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Raw Opium : 1 kg. 970 grs. In six packets, of which five O.C.S./Conf.183. were sealed and one open. They were wrapped in waterproof glossy 27714/387. paper and then covered in thick white paper. On the outside was a design of a stork, surrounded by a circle of Chinese writing. Both the design and writing were printed in red printing ink. There were also two seals, oval in shape, done by rubber stamp in blue ink, bearing Chinese writing. Photographs of the label are in the archives of the Secretariat. Translation of Chinese characters on label : At the back of label : “ For some ten years our firm has bought medicines from India, Persia, Yuan-Nan, Szechuan, etc., to sell them in Shanghai, Hankow, etc. Up to the present, however, we have only sold them wholesale. In order that our clients may have the opportunity of buying them retail, we have now established a branch office at 35, Kwantung Street, Range Road, Shanghai. We would draw the attention of our clients to the genuine character of our label, Stork and Pine-Tree. Lao HaMou, Branch of Ta Ton Han ”. On the label itself : at the top, Lao Ha Mou ; at the bottom, Stork and Pine Tree; at each corner, characters signifying “First Quality Goods”. 2. Person implicated : Wong Lih, Chinese carpenter on board the Aramis. 3. Having received information that the Aramis was suspected of having drugs on board, a confidant of the Bureau proceeded on board together with a policeman, who acted the part of buyer. It was agreed to buy a certain quantity of opium that Wong Lih offered for sale. On December 27th, the authorities boarded the vessel and found Wong Lih in his cabin with the opium in his hand. A search of the cabin revealed a cleverly concealed partition between two drawers in a cupboard belonging to the accused, in which were found 7,610 French francs and £4, all in notes. This sum was seized. The accused was taken ashore. The opium seized was of an entirely new variety and has not previously been seen in Egypt. The accused stated that he had procured it in Shanghai for 210 French francs per packet of approximately 380 grammes. 4. Wong Lih was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment and a fine of £E200. — 8 —

No. 465. — Seizures made at Benthuy-Vinh, Annam, during the Third Quarter, 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937.

Reference : l( a ). Raw opium : 52 kg. 550 grs. No marks. O.C.S./Conf. 178. o ™ ,, T ,, ,. . c 3. There were three cases. In the first case, b kg. 7d0 grs. of 27084/388. opium were seized on an Annamite coolie, member of a column which scattered. In the second case, 9 kg. 300 grs. of opium were seized after they had been abandoned in forest country by an unknown fugitive. In the third case, an Annamite member of a column, arrested in forest country, was implicated. 36 kg. 500 grs. of opium were seized. 4. The offender in the first case is now on trial. The offender in the last case was sentenced to six m onths’ imprisonment, a fine of 2,000 francs and damages. The opium was confiscated in all three cases.

No. 466. — Seizure made at Cao-Bang, Tonkin, on July 18th, 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 74 kg. No marks. O.C.S./Conf.178. 3. The seizure was made by the communal authorities of Lac-Tho 27084/388. (Cao-Bang). This was a case of a regular gang of several unknown persons transporting opium in knapsacks and bales, which were dropped when the first order to stop was given. Confiscation was ordered.

No. 467. — Seizures made at Cao-Bang, Tonkin, in July 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 50 kg. No marks. O.C.S./Conf.178. 2. Persons implicated : Unknown Chinese fugitives. 27084/388. 3. There were two cases. In one case the opium was being transported on men’s backs, and in the other was concealed in boots. m e seizures were made by the native authorities of the villages of Pho-Bang and Lungcu on information laid. The opium was handed over to the Customs and Monopoly Administration and its confiscation ordered.

No. 468. — Seizures made at Laoday, Tonkin, during the Third Quarter, 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 117 kg. No marks. O.C.S./Conf.l78. ' ,r 2. Persons implicated : A group of Chinese fugitives. 27084/388. 3 There were three cases. The opium was being transported by armed Chinese in waistcoats fitted with several pockets, which were left behind during the pursuit. The opium was confiscated.

No. 469. — Seizures made at Nhatang, Annam, in August 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 5 kg. 320 grs. No marks. O.C.S./Conf.l78. ' r , , , L. 2. A Chinese smuggler under observation was implicated in this 27084/388. case. 3. The opium was discovered at the home of the accused during a search. 4. The accused was sentenced to three months’ imprisonment, a fine of 500 francs and damages ; confiscation was ordered.

No. 470. — Seizure at Phulang-Thuong, Tonkin, on August 15th, 1936. Report com­ municated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937.

Reference: 1(a). Raw opium : 78 kg. 350 grs. No marks. O. C. S./Conf. 178. r. rT1. d. ihere were two cases. In the first case, a Tonkinese was 27084/388. arrested. Two unknown persons fled, abandoning their opium bales, which weighed 34 kg. 350 grs. In the second case, the opium was contained in waistcoats with several pockets, hidden in a cellar and guarded by armed individuals, who fired on the police officers who discovered them. Two persons were arrested, however. 44 kg. of opium were seized, together with three revolvers and some cartridges. 4. In the first case, the arrested Tonkinese was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment, a fine of 1,000 francs and damages amounting to 11,402 piastres. In the second case, the smugglers were each sentenced to two years’ imprisonment, a fine of 1,600 francs and damages amounting to $20,010. In both cases, the opium was confiscated. — 9 —

No. 471. — Seizures made at Saigon, Cochin-China, in September 1938. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937.

£eJ;ece^ e V , ™ !(«)• Concentrated opium : 1 kg. 350 grs. In three unmarked O.C.b./Cont.l 7». packages.

27084/388. 2. A Chinese baker on board the s.s. Chenonceaux was implicated in this case. 3. The opium was found on board the vessel as the result of information laid. 4. The offender was sentenced to tw enty days’ imprisonment, a fine of 6,110 francs and costs. Confiscation was ordered.

No. 472. — Seizures made at Than-Hoa, Annam, in September 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 14 kg.No m arks. O.C.S./Conf. 178. T , , o. 1 here were two cases. In the first case, the person implicated 27084/388. was a Lao who was transporting 7 kg. 500 grs. of opium on a motor-lorry. In the second case, an Annamite was arrested while transporting 6 kg. 500 grs. of opium. 4. The Lao was sentenced to four months’ imprisonment, a fine of 1,000 francs and damages, and the Annamite to four months’ imprisonment, a fine of 1,000 francs and damages. In both cases, the opium was confiscated.

No. 473. — Seizures made at Tourane, Annam, in July 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 10 kg. 720 grs. No m arks. O.C.S./Conf.178. . • à. In these two cases, two Annamites were arrested in the act 27084/388. of hawking on the railway. 4. Each was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment, a fine of 500 francs and damages ; confiscation was ordered.

No. 474. — Seizures made at Vien Tiane and Luang-Prabang, Indo-China, in September, 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 62 kg. 250 grs. No m ark s. 3. There were four cases. In three of these, the opium was seized 27084/388. and confiscated, but no arrest could be made. In the fourth case, 6 kg. 250 grs. were found during a search made at the home of a Lao, who was arrested and sentenced.

No. 475. — Seizures made at Xieng-Kouang, Laos, Indo-China, during the Third Quarter, 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 201 kg. 500 grs. No m arks. O.C.S./Conf.178. ' ' . , . b. ., , . , , 3. I wo seizures were made m similar circumstances m lorest 27084/388. country from unknown persons, who fled, abandoning their loads. The opium was seized.

No. 476. — Seizure at Calcutta, January 24th, 1937, ex the s.s. “ Santhia ”, coming from Osaka, Kobe, Hong-Kong, Singapore, Port Swettenham, Penang and Rangoon. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 17th,1937. Reference : 1(a).Raw onium : 673 gram m es (11 ch itta k s 3 tolas). 0,C.S./Conf.206. , 2 . 1 here were no arrests. 28382/387. 3 . On receipt of information, the opium was discovered secreted in one of the pipes of the main engine-room and in a box containing packings in the turning-room.

No. 477. — Seizure at Rotterdam, January 11th, 1937. Report communicated by the Netherlands Government, February 5th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 9 kg. O.C.S./Conf. 181. Prepared opium : 150 grammes. 951/388(3). Two pairs of Chinese scales, two pipes and wrapping paper. The raw opium was in twenty cakes, some of which were marked with a globe. The prepared opium was in forty-five cachets and in a tin box. 2. Person implicated : Ling Sew, a Chinese hotel-keeper at Rotterdam. — 10 —

3. The raw opium and part of the prepared opium were found hidden under the flooring at the residence of the accused. The rest of the prepared opium was found on him at the time of his arrest. He stated that he had bought it from a stoker on board a vessel for 616 florins. Ling Sew is the most important Chinese drug trafficker in Rotterdam. 4. The accused was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment. He has lodged an appeal.

No. 478. — Seizures at New York on October 6th, 13th and 29th, and November 2nd and 9th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ New York ”, coming from Hamburg, the s.s. “ Ile-de- France ”, coming from Havre via Southampton, the s.s. “Manhattan”, coming from Hamburg via Havre and Southampton, and the s.s. “ Normandie ” , coming from Havre via Southampton. Reports com­ municated by the Government of the United States of America on December 29th, 1936, and January 4th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 23 kg. 705 grs. (52 lb. 2% oz.) on the New O.C.S./Conf.154. York ; “ 1281 /388 16 kg. 682 grs. (36 lb. 1 l x / 4 oz.) on the Ile- (310-313). de-France ; 48 kg. 92 grs. (105 lb. 13 oz.) on the Man­ Reports Nos. 593- hattan. 596 and 593a-596a. Total : 8 8 kg. 479 grs. Prepared opium : 57 grammes (2 oz.) on the Manhattan. Heroin : 625 grammes (22 oz.) on the Normandie. The raw opium seized on the New York was in two suit-cases containing forty-four packages, thirty of which were enclosed in tin foil and wrapped in red glazed paper. Each packet weighed about 450 grammes and the opium contained 15.45 % anhydrous morphine. They were of the size and type commonly shipped from Turkey and Iran, and from the high morphine content and the texture of the opium might be of Turkish origin. Six packages were enclosed in white glazed paper and re-wrapped in brown paper. They each weighed approximately 1 kg. net, and the opium contained 12.58 % anhydrous morphine. From the texture, size and morphine content of this opium, it might be of Iranian origin. French newspapers were found in the suit-cases. On the Ile-de-France, the opium was in seventeen packages contained in cellophane, wrapped in white paper and re-wrapped in brown paper. The opium in four packages contained 13.03 % anhydrous morphine and th at in thirteen packages contained 12.49 % anhydrous morphine. The origin of this opium was not determined. On the Manhattan, there were eighty-eight packages of raw opium, also contained in two suit-cases. In one suit-case, there were thirty-eight opium bricks, which contained 11.05 % of anhydrous morphine. The other suit-case contained fifty opium bricks which contained 9.67 % of anhydrous morphine. Six packages were wrapped in white glazed paper which had an outside brown-paper wrapper. Thirty-two packages were wrapped in familiar red paper. Twenty-eight packages were wrapped in white glazed paper covered with red paper and a brown outer wrapper. Sixteen packages were in cloth bags outside of which was wrapped white cellophane paper with a brown outer wrapper. Six packages were wrapped in glazed paper covered with white wax paper and a brown outer wrapper. Some of the opium bricks were wrapped in newspapers from Osaka (Japan), Harbin (Manchuria) and Berlin (Germany). A few of the opium bricks wrapped in red paper had stamped upon them in ink a small circle inside of which appeared two Chinese characters meaning “ lucky ”. The origin of this opium has not been determined. The heroin seized on the Normandie had no identifying marks or labels. It was in two packages of plain cellophane sewn in a white linen envelope. 2. Persons implicated : Morris Schatz, alias Harry Freedman and Charles Harris, American ; Frances Schatz, wife of Morris Schatz ; Fritz Meder, German, storekeeper on the s.s. New York ; Serafino Mancuso, alias Pierre Stefano, alias Pierre Sam, French, arrived eight months previously in the United States as a stowaway, the brother of Salvatore Mancuso1; “ August ”, probably August Brinig, oiler on the s.s. Normandie ; Pierre Juliau, French, chef on the s.s. Ile-de-France ; Margaret Georgeton, presumably American, a waitress employed in a river-front restaurant ; Léonie Bouige, French ; Stado Stadens and Olaf Olsen, residents of New York and members of a so-called shore gang employed in painting and rigging vessels of the United States lines, nationality not yet determined ; Henri Dominick, American, master- at-arms on the s.s. Manhattan ; Georges Imacher, French, steward ; Henri Poncet, French, chief pantrym an on the s.s. Normandie ; Helen Freedman (Sadie) ; Henriette Monnier, Paris ; Dolly Leplanquais ; Jean-Baptiste Peretti, Paris. 3. On the night of November 9th, 1936, Customs Agents at New York arrested Im acher and Poncet on the Normandie and seized the heroin from them. Both admitted being carriers for the same ring controlled by Schatz and his associates. On October 2nd, 1936, information was received by Narcotic and Customs Agents to the effect that Schatz, who had just arrived at New York on the Manhattan, was a narcotic smuggler and that he had brought narcotic

1 See documents C.465. M.200.1934. XI[O.C.294(u)], page 23, No. 1283; C.96.M.43.1935.XIfO.C.294(y)], page 6 ; and C.265.M.135.1935.XI[O.G.294(æ)], page 4. — 11 — drugs on board the Manhattan at Cherbourg, which he had given to Dominick ; further that D om inick would attend to smuggling the drugs ashore at New York. Dominick was already under suspicion as a smuggler of watch movements and narcotics and had been searched on a number of occasions, but without result.

It was established that Schatz did, in fact, arrive as a passenger on the Manhattan. Plans were immediately laid to prevent the narcotics being landed from the Manhattan and to effect their seizure. The vessel had been searched the previous day, but no contraband found. Successive searches resulted only in the discovery of 57 grammes of prepared opium on October 6 th. Schatz was kept under constant surveillance, having been identified by a photograph. It was discovered that Schatz was residing at 75, Manhattan Avenue, Brooklyn, New York, under the name of Harry Freedman, with a woman called “ Sadie”, the telephone being listed in the name of Helen Freedman. On October 6 th, from a telephone conversation between Schatz and his woman companion, it appeared that Dominick had telephoned to him, this call apparently having taken place prior to the supervision by Customs Agents. That evening, Dominick again called, making an appointment with Schatz for the following morning. On the morning of October 7th, Schatz was seen in conversation with two unidentified members of the crew of the Manhattan. He did not meet Dominick, but apparently conveyed to him a message. The Manhattan sailed at noon.

On October 8 th, Schatz made enquiry as to what time the New York would dock and was informed that the ship had arrived that morning. At 9.30 that night, a man giving the name of “ Fritz ”, speaking in German, called Schatz and told him or another person, believed to be his Italian associate, known then only as “ Joe ”, that “ everything was all right ” and then made some arrangements for the following morning. Agents immediately went to where the New York was berthed, but Schatz was not observed that evening in the vicinity of the pier.

On the following morning, “ Fritz ” again telephoned Schatz and made an appointment for that afternoon. Customs Agents stationed at the pier where the New York was berthed observed Schatz at the time appointed meet “ Fritz ” and board the New York. The vessel was kept under constant surveillance, but “ Fritz ” did not again leave the ship. The New York sailed for Bermuda that night. Before the New York sailed, Schatz boarded it and made frantic efforts to see or find “ Fritz ”, but “ Fritz ” did not again appear and Schatz left the pier. Shortly after the New York sailed, the baggage-master of the Hamburg-American and North German Lloyd Line informed Customs Agents that he was suspicious of two suit-cases which he had discharged as passenger’s baggage from the New York and then placed in the Customs crib on the pier as unclaimed and unexamined baggage ; that the reasons for his suspicions were that he had been approached on the previous night by a member of the crew, known to him as “ Fritz ”, and that “ Fritz ” had told him that two suit-cases marked “ S. M. Dikson ” had been landed from the ship in error ; that they belonged to a friend of his and that this friend would pay a reasonable amount of money to obtain possession, if the suit­ cases could be returned to him, “ Fritz ”, on board the New York. The description given by the baggage-master of “ Fritz ”, who approached him, corresponded with that of the man who had been observed meeting Schatz in the street opposite the pier. The two suit-cases were found in the crib and bore tags marked “ S. M. Dikson ”. Investigation established that no passenger of this name had arrived on the ship and the cases were left in the crib undisturbed and the crib was kept under surveillance night and day by Customs Agents. In the interval between the departure of the New York for Bermuda and its return to New York on October 13th, Schatz was kept under surveillance. It was learned that he had purchased 50,000 French francs at a bank where he was well known.

On the morning of October 13th, Schatz telephoned the steamship line asking at what hour their boat from Bermuda would arrive and was informed that the New York would dock that day. At 2 p.m., Schatz, asked a steward to deliver a message to “ Fritz”. This steward was later questioned and stated that Schatz had asked him to tell Fritz Meder, the storekeeper on the New York, that his brother-in-law was outside and wanted to see him.

Later that afternoon, since it was evident that “ Fritz ” did not intend to leave the ship and since Schatz was growing increasingly nervous, it was decided to pick up Schatz, locate “ Fritz ” on the ship and attempt to obtain a confession from the latter. “ Fritz ” was located on the ship. In his vest pocket was a book of safety matches, on the inside of which was written the telephone number of Schatz apartment. Schatz was apprehended on the pier. The two suit-cases were removed from the crib and brought to the Customs house. They contained approximately 24 kg. of raw opium. Fritz Meder made a complete confession and identified Schatz. He stated that he had known Schatz for several months ; that Schatz had asked him if he could conceal some packages on board the ship for delivery to him, Schatz, in New York ; that, on the next two trips following the request, no packages were delivered, but that, just prior to the sailing of the New York on September 17th, Schatz informed him that a passenger named Dikson would give him two suit-cases which were to be brought to him, Schatz, in New York. Meder stated that no passenger named Dikson boarded the vessel at Cherbourg, and he therefore concluded that the deal was off. However, upon the arrival of the ship at New York, he met Schatz, who asked him for the two suit-cases. Schatz instructed Meder to locate the bags and offer the baggage-master any reasonable amount of money to — 12 — release them. Schatz refused to answer questions. He was arraigned and bond was set at $15,000. He obtained bail and was released on October 19th. While Schatz was being held, his apartment was entered, no one being there at the time, and a small quantity of opium dross was found in a bureau drawer. It was then learned that Schatz in all probability had a drug carrier on the Ile-de-France, of the French Line. Similar arrangements to those put into effect with the steamships Manhattan and New York were made.

The Ile-de-France arrived at New York on October 27th. Constant surveillance was maintained. On October 29th, Margaret Georgeton was observed, as she walked down to the pier to the gangway of the ship, speak to several members of the ship and pier personnel. She boarded the ship and shortly thereafter, when she was seen leaving, it was apparent that she carried some heavy object on her person. She was arrested and searched and underneath her clothing were found four packages, which upon examination were found to contain approximately 4 kg. of raw opium. The packages were similar to those found in the New York seizure. She stated that she had obtained the opium from a chef on the Ile-de-France named Julian. Juliau was arrested, and in a drawer underneath his bunk were found thirteen 1-kg. packages of raw opium. He stated that he was a carrier for Schatz and one Pierre Sam and that he had carried opium to these persons on two previous occa­ sions — once in June and once in August 1936 ; that on both occasions he had lowered the opium in packages in the early hours of the morning of the day of sailing into a motor-boat alongside of the Ile-de-France upon prearrangements made by Schatz and Pierre Sam, Schatz on both occasions being one of the occupants of the motor-boat ; that each time he had received the narcotics in a water-front café in Havre, France, from a man known to him as August ; that he had received $300 for each delivery from Pierre Sam ; that on the present trip he was informed by Schatz and Pierre Sam that the motor-boat would not be used and that a woman would visit him on the ship and remove the narcotics on her person. The non-use of the motor-boat on this trip was unquestionably due to the intense land and off-shore patrol which had been maintained of the Ile-de-France, as had been previously done in the case of the New York and Manhattan and which, therefore, forced Schatz to employ another method of effecting a landing. Juliau stated that on the present trip he had twenty- three packages of opium, which were concealed under the lower drawer underneath his berth ; and that on the previous day Margaret Georgeton had come on board and had removed four packages of opium from the ship, and that he had also removed two packages on his own person, underneath his clothing, and had delivered them to Pierre Sam in the vicinity of the pier. Margaret Georgeton confirmed the statements of Juliau. Investigation of her associates established that Pierre Sam was living with Léonie Bouige, who had accompanied Margaret Georgeton on board the Ile-de-France when she successfully smuggled the four packages of opium on October 28th. Leonie Bouige’s apartment was entered, but no narcotics were found. She was taken into custody and questioned. She admitted living with Pierre Sam and also admitted accompanying Margaret Georgeton on board the Ile-de-France. She stated that Pierre Sam had brought the opium to her apartment and that Schatz was there at the time. Through Léonie Bouige, Pierre Sam was apprehended. He gave his true name as Pierre Stefano. All four prisoners were arraigned and held in default of bond awaiting trial. Schatz was re-arrested in connection with the Ile-de-France conspiracy. His bail was revoked and he was remanded to jail without bail to await trial. On Juliau’s person was found a letter addressed to a woman named Monnier, c/o General Delivery, Bourse, Paris. In this envelope was found a letter in Schatz’s handwriting addressed to “ Dear John ”, which letter clearly indicated that the person “ John ” was his Paris contact. It was then learned through Léonie Bouige that, under instructions from Pierre Stefano (Sam), she had sent 6,300 French francs to the same addressee of the letter, Henriette Monnier.

The Manhattan returned to New York City on October 29th and the off-shore and land patrols were put on duty. Dominick was kept under constant surveillance on the pier and on the ship. On the night of November 2nd, Customs Agents stationed on the upper level of Pier 60, where the Manhattan was berthed, took into custody a man who identified himself as Stado Stadens and who was carrying a large suit-case which appeared to be very heavy. A second man attempted to escape when hailed. He ran to the edge of the roof and tossed a heavy object into the river. This object was recovered from the bottom of the river by grappling-irons. The suit-cases, on being opened, were found to contain over 45 kg. 450 grs. of raw opium in similar packages to those found in the cases of the New York and Ile-de-France seizures. The second man gave his name as Olaf Olsen. Continued questioning of Stadens and Olsen elicited only the information that they had found the suit-cases on the roof of the pier and were attempting to steal them. Henry Dominick was arrested on November 3rd. He admitted knowing Schatz and visiting him, "but refused to make any further statement. All three defendants were held in default of bail for trial. Schatz was also indicted.

Investigation in France discloses that “ August ”, alleged to have supplied opium to Juliau, is probably identical with August Brinig, suspected of being a narcotic smuggler ; further, that Schatz had cabled 50,000 francs on March 20th, 1936, through a New Y o r k bank to the account of Dolly Leplanquais, later cancelling the order and directing that it be paid to Jean-Bapt.iste Peretti, 29, rue des Ecoles, Paris. On October 9th, 1936, Schatz cabled an — 13 —

additional 50,000 francs to Jean-Baptiste Peretti. Jcan-Baptiste Peretti is probably the “ John ” to whom Schatz wrote. The matter is still under investigation. 4. Schatz was sentenced to twenty-five years’ imprisonment and a fine of $45,000 ; Mancuso to forty years’ imprisonment and a fine of $40,000 ; Stadens and Olsen each to ten years’ imprisonment ; Imacher to five years’ imprisonment and a fine of $1,000 ; Juliau to three years’ imprisonment and a fine of §500 ; Poncet to one year and one day’s imprison­ ment ; Meder to imprisonment from the time he went to jail to December 24th, 1936, when he was deported. Margaret Georgeton and Léonie Bouige were used as Government witnesses and were given one year and one day’s imprisonment each, with sentences suspended.

No. 479. — Seizure at New York on January 8th, 1937. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, March 22nd, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 461 grammes (16 oz. 109 grains). O.C.S./Conf. 211. The opium was in brick form. The inside wrapper of the brick was 1281/388(345). of tin foil, while the next wrapper was of dark-red paper bearing the lettering “ A & B Monopoly — B.M.”. On the side of the inner wrapper Report No. 630. were what appeared to be a yellow revenue stamp of indistinct design and a round stamp in black. The outside wrapper was of red glazed paper marked “ Lion Brand, Special ”, with a design showing the drawing of a lion in silver. 2. Persons implicated : Lawrence Douglas, James J. Crowley, Morris Saul ; Americans. 3. Narcotic Agents questioned Douglas, Crowley and Saul relative to an intended delivery of 1 lb. of raw opium to an informer. After the three persons had left the room, the opium in question was found on the floor. The three men were then followed and Douglas and Crowley were arrested. Saul has not yet been arrested. Douglas and Crowley will be prosecuted.

No. 480. — Seizures at Sharpsburg, Pennsylvania, December 12th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, February 24th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Raw opium : 282 grammes (9 oz. 403 grains). O.C.S./Conf. 192. Opium solution : 1 kg. 136 grs. (40 oz.). 1281/388(339). Paraphernalia for smoking opium. No identifying marks or labels. Report No. 624. 2. Person implicated : Yee Cooey, alias Yee Ngoon Cooey, Chinese. 3. Narcotic Agents, conducting an investigation at Sharpsburg, together with local police officers, detected the fumes of smoking opium, entered the premises occupied by the accused and found the drugs and paraphernalia, which consisted of one white enamelled bucket bearing traces of opium, one glass opium-pipe and bowl and one piece of cloth used as a sieve and bearing traces of opium. 4. The defendant is being held in default of bond awaiting trial.

Nole. — Seizures of raw opium were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs summarised under appropriate headings : Cases Nos. 485-487, 496, 498 and 505, under “ Prepared opium ”, Case No. 519, under “ Morphine ”.

Q u a n t i t i e s o f R a w O p i u m s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d t o t h e S e c r e t a r i a t : 1936 1937 1,139 kg. 383 grs. 10 kg. 134 grs.

2. PREPARED OPIUM AND DROSS.

No. 481. — Seizure at Townsville, Queensland, Australia, on March 3rd, 1935, ex the “ Changte ”, coming from Eastern Ports. Report communicated by the Government of Australia in its Annual Report for 1935, March 12th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 10 kg. 224 grs. (360 oz.). O.C./A. R. 1935/96. 2. Persons implicated : Tsang Boot and Yan Wa, Chinese, bedroom 2-2881/22153. stewards on the vessel ; Chan Yin, bathroom steward on the vessel. 3. Shortly after the Changte berthed at Townsville, four Chinese left the vessel and, on being intercepted, three were found to be in possession of the opium. 4. The accused were each sentenced to eight months’ imprisonment with hard labour. — 14 —

No. 482. — Seizures at Hong-Kong during October 1936. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 12th, 1937. The report includes seizures of over 20 taels (736 grammes) only. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 151 kg. 321 grs. (4,005 taels). 147 kg. O.C.S./Conf. 158(1). 1(35 grs b ore the “ Red Lion, Lion & Globe ” mark ; 1 kg. 360 grs. came 10051 /388. from Canton and was marked “ 1st k ind” ; 2 kg. 796 grs. were of doubtful origin and bore no mark. 2. There were four Chinese arrested. 3. 147 kg. 165 grs. of opium were seized in a junk and in a sampan in Aberdeen harbour ; part of it was packed in double tins ready for dumping. 2 kg. 531 grs. were seized in a street in the city of Victoria on the person of two of the accused. 1 kg. 625 grs. were seized on the wharf, packed in rubber balloons. 4. One Chinese was fined 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars or one year’s imprisonment ; one was fined 2 , 0 0 0 dollars or six months’ imprisonment ; and two were fined 1 , 0 0 0 dollars or four months’ imprisonment.

No. 483. — Seizures at Hong-Kong during November 1936. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 10th, 1937. The report includes seizures of over 20 taels (736 grammes) only. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 38 kg. 236 grs. (1,012 taels). Label : “ Red O.C.S./Conf. 180. Lion, Lion & Globe ”. 15391/388. 2. Person implicated : A Chinese. 3. The opium was found on the cable-ship Pacific in the harbour of Victoria. It was packed in four large sealed tins; two were found on the fore-deck and the other two were dumped in the sea at the approach of the revenue officers and later recovered. 4. The Chinese was sentenced to a fine of 5,000 Hong-Kong dollars or one year’s imprisonment.

No. 484. — Seizure at Hong-Kong on December 29th, 1936. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, March 17th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 37 kg. 783 grs. (1,000 taels). Label : “ Red O.C.S./Conf.205. Lion, Lion & Globe ”.

10051/388(2). 2 . There were no arrests. 3. The opium was found in the sea-bed in the harbour of Victoria in 1-tael tins, packed in four gauzy bag parcels. They were probably dumped from a Macao steamer and intended for export to Singapore.

No. 485. — Seizures in the Straits Settlements during October 1936. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 9th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : O.C.S./Conf. 156. Singapore Penang Malacca Labuan 15391/388. 264 kg. 535 grs. 752 grammes 0.7 gramme 15 grammes (7,001.43 tahils) (19.90 tahils) (0 . 0 2 tahil) (0.40 tahil) Raw opium : 37 kg. 65 grs. 128 grammes (981 tahils) (3.40 tahils) Dross : 891 gram m es 379 grammes 9 gram m es (23.57 tahils) (1 0 . 0 2 tahils) (0.25 tahil) 259 kg. 211 grs. of the prepared opium seized at Singapore bore the “ Red Lion ” mark and the place of origin was believed to be Macao. 36 kg. 838 grs. of raw opium were believed to have come from Iran and 227 grammes from China. 2. There were ten persons convicted at Singapore in connection with seizures of 10 tahils (378 grammes) and over. At Penang, Malacca and Labuan, there were no seizures over 1 0 tahils. 3. There were tw enty cases of seizures of 10 tahils and over in Singapore. In eleven of these cases, there were no accused. In eleven cases, the opium was found on board vessels in the harbour ; in three cases, in houses in Singapore ; in two cases, at the examination station ; in two cases, in godowns ; in one case, in a motor-boat ; and in one case, at sea. — 15 —

4. The sentences passed at Singapore were as follows : One person to two years’ rigorous imprisonment ; two persons to one year’s rigorous imprisonment ; two persons to eleven months’ rigorous imprisonment ; one person to one day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of 500 Straits dollars, or eight m onths’ rigorous imprisonment ; one person to one day’s sinrole imprisonment and a fine of 15 dollars, or fifteen days’ rigorous imprisonment on one charge and one day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of 40 Straits dollars, or one m onth’s rigorous imprisonment, on a second charge ; two persons to one day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of 75 dollars, or ten weeks’ rigorous imprisonment ; one person to one day’s simple imprisonment and a fine of 50 dollars, or two m onths’ simple imprisonment.

No. 486. — Seizures in the Straits Settlements during November 1938. Report com­ municated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 10th, 1937. Singapore Penang Malacca Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : O.C.S./Conf. 186. 84 kg. 528 grs. 'ÆU2 2 0 grammesgrammt 2 grammes 15391/388. /O tahils) (5.82in nr, j.tahils)(2,237.21 „i_;i_\ (0.05 tahil) Raw opium 3 kg. 461 grs 35 grammes (91.6 tahils) (0.93 tahil) Dross : 446 g ram m es 371 grammes 0.7 gramme (11.80 tahils) (9.81 tahils) (0 . 0 2 tahil) 80 kg. 341 grs. of the prepared opium seized at Singapore were believed to have come from Macao. Of this quantity, 4 kg. 572 grs. bore the “ Red Lion ” mark. 1 kg. 700 grs. of prepared opium were believed to have come from China. The raw opium was believed to have come from Iran. 2. There were four persons convicted at Singapore in connection with seizures of 10 tahils (378 grammes) and over. At Penang and Malacca, there were no seizures of over 1 0 tahils. 3. There were nine seizures of 10 tahils and over in Singapore. In five of these cases, there were no accused. In three cases, the opium was found on board vessels in the harbour ; in three cases, at the examination station ; in one case, at the Naval Base ; in one case, in a house ; and in one case, on the public road. 4. The sentences passed on the persons convicted at Singapore were as follows : one person to eleven months’ rigorous imprisonment ; one to five months’ rigorous imprisonment and 500 Straits dollars fine, or five months’ rigorous imprisonment ; one to three months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 1 0 0 dollars, or four months’ rigorous imprisonment ; one, on the first charge, to one m onth’s rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 1 0 0 dollars, or four months’ rigorous imprisonment, and, on the second charge, to three months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 100 dollars, or ten months’ rigorous imprisonment.

No. 487. — Seizures in the Straits Settlements during December 1936. Report com­ municated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 23rd, 1937.

Singapore Malacca Penang Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : O.C.S./Conf. 197. 172 kg. 227 grs. 159 grammes 597 grammes 15391/388. (4,558.32 tahils) (4.22 tahils) (15.79 tahils) Raw opium : 793 grammes 524 grammes ( 2 1 tahils) (13.87 tahils) Dross :

691 grammes 0 . 8 gramme 422 grammes (18.28 tahils) (0 . 0 2 tahil) (11.18 tahils)

171 kg. 588 grs. of prepared opium bore the “ Red Lion ” mark and the place of origin was believed to be Macao. 793 grammes of raw opium were believed to have come from Iran. 3. There were nine cases of seizures of 10 tahils and over in Singapore. In seven of these cases, there were no accused. Two persons were convicted. The opium was found, in four cases, on vessels in the harbour ; in one case, at the examination station ; in one case, on the public road ; in one case, in a house ; in one case, on the seashore ; and in one case, at sea. There were no seizures of 10 tahils or over at Malacca or Penang. 4. One of the persons convicted at Singapore was sentenced to eighteen months’ rigorous imprisonment and a fine of 5,000 Straits dollars or a further fifteen months’ rigorous imprisonment. The other committed suicide before being sentenced. — 16 —

No. 488. — Seizure at Sea between Singapore and London sx the British s.s. “ Deucalion ” coming from Hong-Kong, via Singapore. Report communicated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 4th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 7 kg. 498 grs. In 132 two-ounce tins, O.C.S./Conf.l49. bearing the “ Lion and Globe ” brand. (A sample tin is in the archives

2 7 1 7 7 y3 gg of the Secretariat.) 2. Person implicated : Fung Chai, a Chinese fireman on board the vessel. 3. On November 13th, 1936, whilst the vessel was on the high seas, bound for Marseilles and London, the captain instructed his officers to make the customary search for contraband, with the result that the prepared opium was discovered. 1 0 2 tins were found concealed in the engine-room at the back of the fuel settling tanks and 30 tins in a cavity beneath the wash­ basin in the cabin occupied by Fung Chai. Fung Chai admitted ownership and said that he had received the opium from a friend at Hong-Kong to convey to some person at Singapore. He was unable to take the opium ashore at Singapore, owing to persistent watching and searching by Customs officers. The captain reported the discovery on arrival in London and Fung Chai was arrested on December 12th. 4. Fung Chai was sentenced to three months’ hard labour and recommended for deportation.

No. 489. — Seizure at New Westminster, January 27th, 1937. Report communicated by the Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, March 17th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 122 kg. 147 grs. (268 lb. 12 oz.). Labels : O.C.S./Conf.210. 102 kg. 263 grs. : Green label “ Yick Kee ”. ; 19 kg. 884 grs. : Red label 1873/388 “ Elephant ” brand with the letter “ K ” raised on the tins. Photo­ graphs of the labels are in the archives of the Secretariat. 2. There were no arrests. 3. On January 27th, 1937, the Gyokoh Mara arrived at New Westminster from Vancouver and docked at the Pacific Coast terminal wharf. As only about 20 more feet of the wharf than the length of the vessel was available for docking, it was necessary for the vessel to drop her port anchor and drag it for about 800 feet to give steerage way which would make a broadside landing possible. This was done, and upon the anchor being weighed, the mate observed that a long piece of rope, with a number of 4-ft. bundles attached, had been picked up by the anchor. Investigation disclosed that these bundles, eleven in number, each contained fifty tins of opium. Very great care had been displayed in preparing the bundles. Each contained five separate packages, with ten tins in each package. These packages were wrapped in newspapers and strengthened with bamboo sticks. The whole was then again wrapped in burlap sack, sewn tight with string and lashed outside with half-inch rope. The lead-line to which the bundles were attached consisted of approximately 1 0 0 ft. of l^ - in . manila rope. It was estimated that the opium had been in the water from three to five weeks, having been obviously dropped overboard on the off-shore side of some vessel which had docked previously at that wharf. In any event, there is no suspicion whatever that the Gyokoh M aru was implicated. Both the sacks containing the opium and the rope were covered in mud. On washing the latter, slight traces of blue paint and red lead were in evidence, possibly indicating that it had previously lain in or near the paint locker of some deep-sea vessel. The river-bed which concealed the opium until it was brought to light by the anchor of the Gyokoh M aru is immediately alongside where the Blue Funnel Line vessels berth when at New Westminster. Vessels of that line occupied the berth in question on the following dates : Talthybius, November 15th-18th, 1936 ; Tyndareus, December 15th-18th, 1936 ; Ixion, January 21st-23rd, 1937. As the Harbour Commissioners were conducting dredging operations in this area up to October 1936, the opium must have been deposited there since th at date.

No. 490. — Seizure at Vancouver, B.C., in December 1936. Report communicated by the Canadian Advisory Officer, Geneva, March 17th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 880 grammes (31 oz.). Label : “ Lo Fulc O.C.S./Conf.209. Kee ”. Photographs of the label are in the archives of the Secretariat. 1873/388. 2. Persons implicated : Mali Poy , 1 alias Sue Sun Poy and Frank Lee ; Frank Lum. 3. Early in December 1936, it became known that Mali Poy was in Vancouver selling opium. Purchases were made from him in order to study his methods of delivery. On December 18th, an officer was supplied with marked money to complete a further deal. He rented a room in an hotel where he discussed prices, etc., with the two Chinese in question. In due course, the money asked for by the Chinese was paid to Mah Poy and he and Frank Lum left the hotel. Both the accused were constantly shadowed and another purchase with

1 See document C.621.M.243.1930.XI [O.C.294(/)], pages 66-67. — 17 — marked money was made on December 27th. At the time of delivery of this second purchase Mah Poy was arrested and some of the marked money found on him. ” The officers then traced Lum, who was in a Chinese gambling-house, and, on his being arrested, the rest of the marked money was found in his possession. Both men have been committed for trial, the result of which will be communicated later.

No. 491. — Seizure at Saigon, Cochin-China, July 1936. Report communicated by the French Government, February 5th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 5 kg. 600 grs. No m arks. O.C.S./Conf.178. n . . o. the opium was seized during a search made at the domicile 27084/388. of three Tonkinese, who were arrested. It was contained in fourteen unmarked brass boxes, concealed in baskets. 4. Each of the offenders was sentenced to two months’ imprisonment, a fine of 2,000 francs and damages. Confiscation of the opium was ordered.

No.492. — Seizure at Cebu, Commonwealth of the Philippines, on November 6th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Corregidor ” , coming from Manila. Report communicated by the ~ vernment of the United States of America, January 11th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 3 kg. 475 grs. (gross weight). In fifty- O.C.S./Conf.151. eight small tins bearing the impression of “ Three Lions ” stamped into 1281/388(323). the metal, together with Chinese characters. The paper wrappers bore the likeness of a human skull. Report No. 606. 2. Person implicated : Felipe Diacson Tan, alias Yu Te Chong, Chinese. 3. Upon the arrival of the Corregidor at Cebu, Customs officers found the opium concealed on the person of the accused, who was a passenger on the vessel. 4. The defendant will be prosecuted.

No. 493. — Seizure at Cebu, Commonwealth of the Philippines, on November 7th, 1936, ex the M/V “ San José ”, coming from Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippines. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 11th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 400 grammes (gross weight). In six O.C.S./Conf.l51. small tins, bearing the label of the “ Three Lions ” brand. 1281/388(324). 2. Person implicated : Ambrosia Escobia, Filipino. Report No. 607. 3. Upon the arrival of the San José at Cebu, Customs officersfound the opium on Escobia, an incoming passenger on the vessel. 4. Escobia will be prosecuted.

No. 494. — Seizureat Manila, Commonwealth of the Philippines, December 4th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Phemius ” , coming from Hong-Kong. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, February 8 th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 67 kg. O.C.S./Conf.l84. “ Lion Brand ”. The report from the Insular Collector of Customs 1281/388(335). at Manila merely states that the opium was of the “ Lion Brand ”. W hether this is the “ Lion Brand ” represented by the stamped Report No. 620. impression in the opium tin of the figure of a lion with its paw resting on a globe, sometimes called the “ Lion & Globe ” brand, or “ Tiger ” brand, or whether it was the type of tin showing the figure of a running lion and Chinese characters stamped into the metal, or whether it was the so-called “ Red Lion Brand ” is not known. 2. There were no arrests. 3. As a result of several complaints from passengers concerning the taste and odour of the ship’s drinking-water, the master of the vessel ordered the tank to be cleaned During this cleaning, the opium was discovered.

No. 495. — Seizures in Macao during September 1936. Report communicat d by the Portuguese Government, January 7th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 280 grammes (7.4 taels). Chinese origin. O.C.S./Conf.155. . 2.Persons implicated : Lau Hei, Ho Cheng, Chiu Man Chau, 529/388(4). Tchan Sai Sou, Vong Seng, Lei long, Tam Fong, Lam Sim Tong, Lo Mam Fong, Lai Siu Teng, Leong Quin Chiu, him Ioc, Vong Pat Ku, Leong Tai, Ho Pat, Tam A Sei ; all of Chinese nationality. 3. There were seventeen cases ; all concerned the possession of non-Regie opium. 4. Fines totalling 419 Macao dollars were inflicted and ranged from 3 to 200 dollars. In six cases, the fines were not paid and the accused were therefore sent to the Tribunal. — 18 —

No. 496. — Seizures in Macao during October 1936. Report communicated by the Portuguese Government, February 17th, 1937. Reference: 1(a). Prepared opium : 597 gram m es (15.8 taels). O.C.S./Conf.188. Raw opium : 151 g ram m es (4 taels). 529/388(4). Heroin pills : 778. The raw and prepared opium were of Chinese origin. 2. Persons implicated : Leong Seng, Vong San, Chan Siec, Chan Foe, Leong Hang, Lam Teng, Sié Tong, Ngai Yau, Cheong Si, Vong Io, Tcheong Tchan, and Pum Cai Seng ; all Chinese. 3. There were ten cases in connection with the seizures of raw and prepared opium ; all concerned the possession of non-Regie opium. There were three cases in connection with the seizure of heroin pills. All three cases concerned the possession of the pills in question. 4. In the raw'and prepared opium cases, fines were inflicted totalling 622 Macao dollars and ranged from 3 to 400 dollars. In six cases, the fines wTere not paid and the accused were therefore sent to the Tribunal. In the seizures of heroin pills, fines of 49, 184 and 545 Macao dollars respectively were inflicted. The fine of 49 dollars was paid, but, in the other two cases, the fine was not paid and the accused were sent to the Tribunal.

No. 497. — Seizures in Macao during November 1936. Report communicated by the Portuguese Government, February 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 665 gram m es (17.6 taels). O.C.S./Conf.188. Heroin pills : 86. 591/388(4) The opium was of Chinese origin. 2. Persons implicated : Chong Hip, Chan Chi, Chong Cheong, Chan Cheong, Tam Choi, Tam Tac, Chou Choc, Lau On, Vong San, Lai Pan, Tong Heng, Tou Vai, Tam Hong, Ung I, Lei Ung, lun loc, Ip Fang, Sic Va, Mac Tim, Chan Fun, Vong Foe, Lei Man Veng ; all Chinese. 3. There were twenty cases in connection with the seizures of prepared opium ; they concerned the possession of non-Regie opium. There were two cases in connection with the seizure of heroin pills ; they concerned the possession of the pills in question. 4. In the prepared opium cases, fines totalling 447.50 Macao dollars were inflicted, ranging from 3 to 75 dollars. In seven cases, the fines were not paid and the accused were therefore sent to the Tribunal. In the heroin pills cases, fines of 40 and 46 dollarswere inflicted. The fine of 40 dollars was paid, but the fine of 46 dollars was not paid and the accused was sent to the Tribunal.

No. 498. — Seizure at Amphur Ban Mae, Chiengmai, Siam, December 27th, 1936. Report communicated by the Siamese Government, March 1st, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 158 kg. 6 6 6 grs. (4,231 ta m lu n g s 10 hoons). O.C.S./Conf.198. Raw opium : 29 kg. 168 grs. (777 ta m lu n g s 80 hoons). 951 ,'388(3). Dross : 2 kg. 3 grs. (53 tamlungs 40 hoons). 2. Person implicated : Nai Sook, Khamu, French subject. 3. The contraband came from the British Shan States.

No. 499. — Seizure at Amphur Ban Muang, Nan, Siam, on January 16th, 1937. Beport communicated by the Siamese Government, March 22nd, 1937. ? efeIe™re : !(«)• Prepared opium : 119 kg. 94 grs. (3,175 tamlungs 85 hoons). U.Li.o. /v<0111. ^lo. 2. There were no arrests. 951/388(4). 3. Found in fifty tins, as a result of information received.

No. 500. — Seizure at Amphur Bangpo, Uttar adit, Siam, on January 7th, 1937. Report communicated by the Siamese Government, March 18th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 691 kg. 113 grs. (1,843 tamlungs). U .L.u./ LiOni. vlo. 2. There were no arrests. 951/388(4). 3. Found in twenty-three tins as a result of information received.

No. 501. — Seizure at Amphur Muang, Lampang, Siam, on November 17th, 1936. R eport communicated by the Siamese Government, January 29th, 1937. Reference : 1 (a). Prepared opium : 82 kg. 125 grs. (2,190 tamlungs). O.Cj . o ./ LjOIII. 1 / v» 2. There were no accused. 951/388(3). 3. The opium was in twenty-six tins and concealed in a paddy waggon. — 19 —

No. 502. — Seizure at Amphur Muang, Pitsanuloke, Siam, November 30th, 1936. Report communicated by the Siamese Government, January 22nd, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 53 kg. 57 grs. (1,414 tamlungs 85 hoons). O.C.b./Lonl.lbu. ' 2. Persons implicated : Nai Gum and accomplices, all Chinese. 951/388(3). 3. The opium was seized in consequence of information received. It was contained in twenty tins.

No. 503. — Seizure at Bangkok on January 21st, 1937, ex the s.s. “ Hellas ”, coming from Swatow. Report communicated by the Siamese Government, March 9th, 1937 Reference : 1(a). Dross : 59 kg. 250 grs. (1,580 tam lu n g s). C).C.S./Conf.202. 2. Person implicated : Nai Tan Si Ngiak, Chinese. 951/388(4). 3. The dross was in fourteen tins, bearing no mark. The tins were found concealed in a large tin hung in the water-tank on the fore part of the ship.

No. 504. — Seizure at King Chiengsaen, Chiengrai, Siam, on November 16th, 1936. Report communicated by the Siamese Government, February 12th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 77 kg. 475 grs. (2,066 tam lu ngs). O.C.S./Conf. 185. 2. Persons implicated : Nai Ta, Nai Chuen, Nai Pun and others : 951/388(3). Siamese. 3. The opium, which was seized by means of information received by the authorities, was contained in twenty-nine tins.

No. 505. — Seizures in Siam during the Third Quarter, 1936. Report communicated by the Siamese Government, February 17th, 1937. Port seizures International seizures Reference : 1(a). Prepared 812 kg. 861 grs. (21,676 tamlungs 30 O.C.S./Conf.l89. opium : 1 kg. 406 grs. hoons). 951/388(3). (37 tamlungs 48 hoons). Raw opium : 844 117 kg. 656 grs. (3,137 tamlungs 50 grammes (22 tamlungs 50 hoons). hoons). Dross : 11 kg. 672 55 kg. 449 grs. (1,478 tamlungs 64 hoons). grs. (311 tamlungs 25 hoons).

The contraband was all smuggled from 22 kg. 200 grs. of prepared opium came Swatow. from the British Shan States. 21 kg. 527 grs. of raw opium and 14 kg. 383 grs. of prepared opium came from Indo-China.

2. The majority of the accused were Fifty-three Siamese, twenty-nine Chi- Chinese. nese, three Lao and one Hindu were arrested in connection with the more important cases. In twenty-three cases, there were no arrests.

3. A seizure of raw opium and dross was There were 3,384 cases in all, 3,295 of made on August 25th and a seizure of dross on these being seizures of small amounts. September 23rd. Both these seizures were made on the s.s. Hiram, coming from Swatow. The raw opium and dross were found con­ cealed in the double wall of the sick-bay on board the vessel. The dross was found in the coal-bunker. In addition to these cases, there were ten seizures made on steamers in the River Menam and on the wharves.

4. The maximum sentence of imprison­ In twenty of the more important cases, ment was ten days and the maximum fine sentences of both imprisonment and fine were 25 ticals. inflicted. In twenty-eight cases, a fine only was inflicted. The sentences of imprison­ ment ranged from fifteen days to one year and the fines from 485 to 15,192 ticals. Three persons were released owing to insufficient evidence. In the less important seizures, the maximum term of imprisonment was four months and the maximum fine 2,457 ticals 60 stangs. There were 3,202 prosecutions. — 20 —

No. 506. — Seizure at Boston, Massachusetts, on November 14th, 1936. Report com­ municatbed by the Government of the United States of America, January 25th, 1Ï)37. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 105 grammes (3 oz. 298 grains). O.C.S./Conf.166. Dross : 28 grammes (428 grains). 1281/388(332). Pills containing heroin : 938. Nine complete opium smoking pipes and twelve complete Report No. 615. heroin pipes. There were no identifying marks or labels on the drugs. 2. Persons implicated : Ying Kee, Jim Lee, Harry Ching, Wong Wo, George Soo Hoo, Chin You, Low Sam, Hennan Yee, Soo Hoo, Ching Pong, John Yen : all Chinese ; Chin Yeng, Lee Wong and John Hin : American citizens. 3. Narcotic Agents, acting on information that Ying Kee, a local Chinese, was conducting an opium-smoking den, raided his premises, seized the above-mentioned narcotic drugs and paraphernalia and arrested the accused. 4. All the defendants wrere released on bond pending trial.

No. 507. — Seizure at Boston, Massachusetts, December 29th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, February 24th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 39 grammes (1 oz. 163 grains). O.C.S./Conf.19-1. Dross : 9 grammes (131 % grains). 1281/388(338). Heroin pills : 181 grammes ( 6 oz. 164 y2 grains). Opium and pill smoking paraphernalia. Report No. 623. No distinctive marks or labels. 2. Persons implicated : Horn Fook Ding, Chinese ; Gee Chong, King Don, Lee Kwong and Lee Tong : American citizens of Chinese parentage. 3. Narcotic Agents, acting on information that the premises occupied by Horn Fook Ding were being used as an opium-smoking den, attempted to gain admittance but found the entrance barricaded ; whereupon they forced an entrance. Inside, they discovered the defendants smoking opium and heroin pills. The place w-as fitted up for the accommodation of a number of smokers, as, in addition to the drugs, four peanut-oil lamps, fifteen other lamps, five opium pipes, twelve heroin-pill pipes and other paraphernalia were found. 4. Each of the defendants was held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 508. — Seizure at Boston, Massachusetts, on January 17th, 1937. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, March 24th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 5 kg. 185 grs. (182 oz. 251 grains) (gross O.C.S./Conf.214. weight). 1281/388 (350). In fifteen 5-tael tins and five large plain tins. Inasmuch as it was not possible to remove the contents of the tins to determine the net Report No. 635. weight of the opium, the gross weight is given. If it were certain that the 5-tael tins contained full measure, it could be estimated that the net w-eight of the contents of the fifteen tins would be approximately 2 kg. 594 grs. Eleven 5-tael tins eachhad stamped on one end the impression of a cock and on the other end the impression of an elephant and the large letter K ”, together with Chinese characters. The tins also bore the “ Lam Kee-Macao ” paper labels. Four 5-tael tins, which bore no paper labels, wrere each stamped on one side writh the word “ Cheong ” ; on the other side was stamped a likeness of a world globe. Each of these tins wras stamped at one end with the impression of a cock and certain Chinese characters and the large letter “ C ”. On two of these four tins were w’hat appeared to be Chinese revenue stamps,and on the other two it was indicated that the stamps had been affixed to the tins but removed later. 2. Person implicated : Yee Wah, alias W ah Wing, Chinese. 3. As a result of investigations, Narcotic Agents arrested Yee Wah athis shop and seized the opium. Yee Wah claimed that he purchased the opium from a man,whose name he could not, or would not, disclose, wrho came to Boston from New York. 4. Yee Wah was held for prosecution.

No. 509. — Seizure at Brooklyn,New York,December 29th,1936, ex the s.s. “ Greystoke Castle” (British), coming from the Far East, via the Panama Canal Zone. Beport communicated by the Government of the United States of America, March 8 th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 9 grammes ( 1 / 3 oz.). O.C.S./Conf.200. Apparatus for smoking opium. 1281/388 (343). There were no identifying marks or labels. The opium contained 9 % anhydrous morphine. Report No. 628. 2. There were no arrests. — 21 —

3. The opium and apparatus were found by Customs officers on board the Greystoke Castle concealed behind a range in the Chinese crew’s quarters.

No. 510. — Seizure at Brooklyn, New York, January 12th, 1937, ex the s.s. “ Maron ”, coming froim the Far East and South African Ports. Report communicated by the Go^vernment of the United States of America, March 24th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 107 kg. 378 grs. (3,780.9 oz.). In 597 O.C.S./Conf.217. tins, 498 of which bore the “ Cock and Elephant, Lam Kee Macao ” 1281/388(347). labels and 99 of which bore the “ Yick Kee ” labels. Report No. 632. 2. Persons implicated : Ma Chung and Cheung Shui, members of the crew of the Maron ; Ng Chung, Wong Chuen, Loy Cham : all Chinese. 3. Customs agents at New York were notified by the master of the Maron that a watchman in the employ of the Oceanic Service Corporation, who policed the vessels of the Blue Funnel Line, had been approached by a Chinese member of the crew of the Maron, who gave him three new ten-dollar bills in return for his promise not to interfere with the Chinese when he lowered a number of bottles over the side of the ship that night to a waiting sampan. The watchman reported the matter to the master, who immediately ordered a search of the vessel. Among the outward cargo in No. 4 hatch were found eleven burlap sacks and a further search revealed another sack. When opened, they were found to contain fifty-four hermetically sealed tin containers, fifty of which were square in shape ; these contained the 498 tins. In the remaining four containers, which were round in shape, were found the 99 tins. The Chinese crew member was identified as Ma Chung. He was searched and in the lining of the cuff of his overcoat were found three new ten-dollar bills of the same sequence as those given the watchman. Two additional ten-dollar bills were found on the vessel in the coat pocket of Cheung Shui, a boatswain. Ma Chung stated that the opium had been put on board at Hong-Kong on a previous trip by Ng Chung and Wong Chuen ; that the opium was owned and financed by a company in Hong-Kong whose name he did not know ; that he had been commissioned, together with nine other members of the crew whom he refused to name, with the exception of Cheung Shui, to land the opium at New York ; and that he was to deliver it to Loy Cham in New York. Ma Chung added that he had been approached in New York by a well-dressed Italian and given 100 dollars in new ten-dollar bills, with instructions to distribute the money among the boatswain, the watchman and himself. The Italian further told him to have the opium ready to put over the side at midnight, when there would be a boat ready to receive it. 4. Ma Chung was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment and a fine of $5,000. The grand jury refused to indict Cheung Shui. To date, no action has been taken against Loy Cham and the present whereabouts of Ng Chung and Wong Chuen are unknown.

No. 511. — Seizure at Brooklyn, New York, January 28th, 1937, ex the s.s. “ Soemba ” (Dutch), coming from Dakar, Java. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, March 8 th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Opium wash : 255 grammes (9 oz.). O.C.S./Conf.l99. Opium smoking pipes : 2. 1281/388(342). Opium lamp : 1. The opium wash consisted of a dark-brown turbid liquid. The Report No. 627. flask, containing 2 2 0 grammes of this solution, was found upon analysis to consist of but 0.355 of an ounce of solids, or approximately 0.44 of an ounce calculated as smoking-opium, the total anhydrous morphine content being 0.0053. The bottle in which the 35 grammes of opium wash was found contained 0.124 calculated as smoking-opium, the solids present being 0.0992 of an ounce and the total anhydrous morphine content being 0.00042 of an ounce. There were no identifying marks or labels. 2. There were no arrests. 3. The opium wash and apparatus were found by Customs officers concealed in the quarters of the Chinese crew of the Soemba.

No. 512. — Seizure at Gulfport, Staten Island, New York, on January 5th, 1937, ex the s.s. “ Erinna ” , coming from Southampton. Reports communicated by the Government of the United States of America, February 8 th and 15th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 5 grammes ( 1 / 6 oz.). No identifying marks O.C.S./Conf.l82. or labels. 1281/388(336). Alcoholic extract of opium : 554 grammes (19% oz.). Dross : 28 grammes (1 oz.). Reports Nos. 621 Opium pipes and scales. and 621(a). 2. Person implicated : Chen Yee Shun, Chinese member of the crew of the s.s. Erinna. 3. The prepared opium was found concealed on the person of the accused upon the arrival of the Erinna at Gulfport. He was arrested, but the case has not yet been reported — 22 — to the United States Attorney for prosecution. On searching the ship on the same day, Customs officers found the extract of opium, the dross and the paraphernalia for smoking on board the vessel. The owner or owners of these could not be ascertained.

No. 513. — Seizure at Marysville, California, December 6th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, February 24th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 6 8 grammes (2 oz. 165 grains). 65 grammes O.C.S./Conf.194. were in a tin bearing the label of the “ Cock and Elephant brand 1281/388(337). (Lam Kee Macao) ”. The rest bore no label.

Report No. 622. 2. Persons implicated : Lim Yuen and Lim Ju ; both Chinese. 3. Narcotic Agents seized the opium from the accused as they were about to deliver it to an informer. 4. The defendants were held in default of bond awaiting trial.

No. 514. — Seizure at New York on November 28th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Santa Paula ”, coming from Havana. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 19th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 11 grammes ( 3 / 8 ounce). No identifying O.C.S./Conf.159. marks or labels. 1281/388(326). 3. Acting on information that certain Chinese crew members of Report No. 612. the Santa Paula were smuggling narcotic drugs into the port of New York, Customs Agents gave the ship a thorough search and questioned the crew, without discovering any contraband. As the officers were making a search of a stateroom, a commotion was heard outside among the crew, and an officer,looking out, saw a small jar lying on the floor in the passage-way. This jar contained the prepared opium. While apparently the opium belonged to one of the Chinese crew members, the actual owTner could not be ascertained and no arrests were made.

No. 515. — Seizure at Seattle, Washington, February 12th, 1937. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, March 24th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 622 grammes (21.9 oz.). In two glass jars O.C.S./Conf. 215. and one 5-tael tin. The 5-tael tin bore a label showing the likeness 1281/388(349). of a deer and appears to be a new variety of the “ Cock and Elephant ” brand. This label has a water-marked background Report No. 634. with illegible markings or printing above the deer. The Chinese characters below the deer are stamped thereon with blue ink and are interpreted as being a certificate and recognition of the quality of the goods contained therein. The label on the opposite side of the tin is oil-stained and, while of the same texture, the water-marking varies. At the top of the tin, the additional strip label containing Chinese characters is a tax receipt showing that the goods were inspected at Shanghai and a tax paid. The end of the tin, bearing the letter “ K ”, contains a square seal on one side. The Chinese characters on the opposite side give, according to the local translator, the manufacturer’s name “ Lum Gay ”, or “ Lim Gay ”, according to the dialect. However, these two Chinese characters are the same as those stamped on the ends or the sides of the great majority of the “ Cock and Elephant ” opium tins seized in the United States, and the popular interpretation of the lettering is “ Lam Kee ”. The opposite ends of the tin contain the familiar “ Cock ” symbol and Chinese characters to the effect that the tins contain 5 taels, Chinese measure. 2. Leong Wing, Chinese ; L. G. Gray, American. 3. Following an investigation of the activities of Leong Wing, Customs Agents searched his automobile and discovered therein two glass jars containing 85 grammes of opium. L. G. Gray, who entered the car just prior to the seizure, was also arrested. A search of Leong Wing’s residence resulted in the additional seizure of 537 grammes in the three tins. 4. Leong Wing and Gray were indicted and bond set for $5,000 for the former and $ 1 , 0 0 0 for the latter.

No. 516. — Seizure at Honolulu, November 8th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Prepared opium : 379 grammes (13 oz. 146 grains). Label : O.C.S./Conf.l69. “ Cock & Elephant (Lam Kee Macao) ”, 1281/388(331). 2. Person implicated : Chu W ah Sun, Chinese. Report No, 614. 3. Acting on information that the accused was dealing in narcotic drugs, Narcotic Agents arrested him on the street and seized the opium on him. He will be prosecuted. — 23 —

Note. — Seizures of prepared opium and dross were also made in connection with the following cases, which include seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under appropriate headings : Cases Nos. 456, 477, 478 under “ Raw opium ”,

Q u a n t i t i e s o f P r e p a r e d O p i u m a n d D r o s s s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r ia t : Prepared. Opium: Dross: 1935 1936 1937 1936 1937 10 kg. 224 grs. 2.023 kg. 708 grs. 423 kg. 694 grs. 72 kg. 370 grs. 59 kg. 533 grs.

3. MORPHINE.

No. 517. — Illicit Sale of Morphine at Usti, on the Elbe, Czechoslovakia, discovered in January 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czecho­ slovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(6). Morphine : 203 grammes. 2. Persons implicated : Oldrich Mitrovsky, retired engine-driver, his 27848/26601. wife and son ; H. Walter, proprietor of the pharmacy “Au Lion” at Usti. 3. The doctor attached to the railway company at Podmokly prescribed several medicines between February and November 1935 for Mitrovsky and his family. Mitrovsky, in collaboration with Walter, took morphine instead of these medicines, and during the time mentioned, Walter gave Mitrovsky 203 grammes of morphine. Walter had alsogiven Mitrovsky privately doses of morphine considerably larger than those given instead of themedicines prescribed by the doctor, but it has not been possible to find out exactly how much. 4. The case is pending.

No. 518. — Seizures at Bangkok on May 7th and in July, August and September 1936. Report communicated by the Siamese Government, February 17th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 1 kg. 803 grs. O.C.S./Conf.190. Cough pills : 112 bottles of pills containing morphine 13229/388(2). hydrochloride, percentage not known. The cough pills were manufactured by Dr. Tang Shi Yee, of Shanghai, 1 and were shipped on the s.s. Ardent (Chinese), from Hong-

2. The person implicated in the seizure of cough pills was a Chinese merchant at Bangkok, named Lim-pak-cane. There were 98 persons implicated in the seizures of morphine, 93 of whom were Chinese labourers and 5 of whom were Siamese labourers at Bangkok. 3. There were eighty-five cases concerning the seizure of morphine and one concerning the seizure of the pills. 1 kg. 440 grs. of morphine was kept for purifying and the rest was destroyed. The cough pills were confiscated. 4. As it was the first offence in the case of the Chinese merchant, he was not prosecuted. In the other cases, fines were inflicted ranging from 0.32 to 206.49 ticals.

No. 519. — Seizure at Taxim, Istanbul, on July 7th, 1936. Report communicated by the Turkish Government in its annual report for 1936, March 1937. Reference : 1(a). Morphine : 4 kg. 500 grs. Raw opium : 500 grammes. 27888/26601. 2. Persons implicated : Léon Kirkor, restaurant-keeper, and his wife, Louise ; Ropin. 3. The police searched the restaurant kept by Kirkor and found the drugs in a sack under a bed. 4. The case is pending.

No. 520. — Seizure at Jersey City, New Jersey, September 5th and 6th, 1936, ex the s.s- “ Exochorda ” , coming from Beirut, Syria. Reports communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 11th and 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 483 grammes (17 oz.). O.C.S./Conf.151. Codeine : 2 grammes ( 1 / 16 oz.). Label : “ Compresse di Codeina e Terpina per la tosse. Uso : 2-3 al giorno. Prep, delle Form. 1-281/388(322). Pescetto Via Balbi, 31 — Via S. Felice.” Reports Nos. 601 The morphine was in nine boxes covered with a brown glazed paper and 601(a). resembling the graining of wood. Boxes of a similar design, but not of

1 See document C.124.M.77.1937.XI[O.C.S.300(c)], page 22, No. 399 ; pages 36-37, Nos. 445 and 448; and No. 586 of this document. — 24 — the same size, were seized from Silvio Glatz1 and Gabriel Lo Buono at New 'Y ork on January 5th, 1935. The defendants in that case stated that the containers originated in Italy, and expert examination disclosed that they were of a type not manufactured in the United States. 2. Persons implicated : Erich Schiller, American, butcher on the Exochorda ; Pedro Cueto, American, pantryman on the Exochorda ; Cordelliano, an Italian at Naples ; Khaled Jaza and Khodre Djaza, Syrians, of Beirut. 3. Following the arrival of the Exochorda at Jersey City, Customs Agents searched Cueto as he came ashore and found one deck of morphine concealed on his person. A thorough search of the vessel then resulted in the discovery of the nine cardboard boxes containing the rest of the morphine in the ice-box. Cueto stated that the morphine was given to him in Naples by Cordelliano, who informed him that they contained heroin. Cordelliano instructed him to secrete the boxes on board ship and, before doing so, to take one of the cubes from one of the boxes. On arrival at New York, Cueto was to deliver this cube to a man who would come aboard the ship carrying a newspaper under his left arm and another newspaper in his right hand. The balance of the morphine was to be given to this man. Cueto arranged with Schiller to secrete the narcotic drugs in the ice-box, but he did not inform Schiller as to the contents of the packages. In Cueto’s locker was found a passbook of the Seamen’s Bank for Savings, New York, in his name, showing that he had opened an account there on February 27th, 1936, with a deposit of $1,000 and th at on May 25th, 1936, he had withdrawn $600 from this amount. There was also found on his person a purchaser’s receipt issued to him on May 25th, 1936, by the Banca Commerciale Italiana Trust Company, New York, for a draft in the amount of $750 to the order of Khodre Djaza at Beirut. Cueto also had a card in his possession reading : “ Khaled Jaza, surnommé Yafawi, Beirut ”, on the back of which was written “ P.O.Box.804 ”, A similar card was found on Schiller. Copies of this report have been sent to the French and Italian Governments. On January 25th, 1937, the Government of the United States of America forwarded a translation of a report of the Sûreté générale at Beirut, received from the French High Commissioner, covering the investigation of Khaled Jaza and Khodre Djaza. This report states that Khaled Jaza, also known as Yawafi or Abou Marouf, is an Algerian under French protection, manager of a café in the Assour quarter of Beirut and a notorious illicit drug trafficker. This individual was questioned, but denied having received cheques from America or knowing Cueto. Nevertheless, the visiting-cards found on Cueto and Schiller were marked exactly like his. Moreover, it wras he who endorsed and cashed at the Banca di Roma, on June 9th, 1936, a cheque in the amount of $750 ; then, on August 11th, he cashed another cheque for $500 at the banking firm of Messrs. George and Fatallah Kassir. His son, Khodre Djaza, is a dealer in tobacco products. He also denies having received cheques from America or knowing Pedro Cueto. As both these persons have failed to comply with the provisions of Decree No. 215-LR, of September 14th, 1935, which regulates the admission and registration of aliens, and as their presence in the Levant appears to be distinctly undesirable, a decree of expulsion has been issued with regard to them. 4. Cueto was sentenced to eighteen months’ imprisonment and Schiller to six months.

No. 521. — Seizure at Nogales, Arizona, on October 2nd, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, December 29th, 1936.

Reference : 1(a). Purported morphine hydrochloride : 85 grammes (3 oz.). O.C.S./Conf.l53. In three 1-oz. bottles each bearing a label representing it as the product 1281/388(314). of E. Merck, Darmstadt. This label, a photograph of which is in the archives of the Secretariat, is obviously a forgery. Report No. 597. 2. Persons implicated : Lyle D. Kelly, Leslie L. Swartz and C. T. Swartz ; all American citizens. 3. Police officers at Nogales arrested the accused in possession of the drug. They admitted that they had purchased the bottles in Nogales, Sonora, Mexico. The contents of the bottles were submitted to a chemist, who stated that they contained pyrogallic acid, a non-narcotic substance. 4. The cases against the defendants will probably be dismissed.

No. 522. — Seizure at Portland, Oregon, December 2nd, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, December 29th, 1936, and February 26th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 3 kg. 10 grs. (106 oz.). No O.C.S./Conf.l53. identifying marks or labels. Contained in three pasteboard boxes which 1281/388(318). were ordinary shirt containers. They were enclosed in a large paste­ board box labelled “ Baby Bear ” Brand Sherry Wine, San Gabriel Wine Reports Nos. 602 Co., Inc., New Y ork. Stamped in black ink on the box was th e nu m ber and 602(a). 86956. The morphine was of very high grade, being practically pure.

1 See documents C.156.M.85.1935.XI[O.C.294(ui)], page 27, and C.430.M.221.1935.XI[O.C.294(y)], page 3, No. 153° — 25 —

2. Persons implicated : Yee Sing, Chinese ; L. P. King and H. B. Harris, both fictitious persons. 3. On November 30th, 1936, the chief clerk of the Railway Express Agency in Portland informed the Customs officers that he was suspicious of a package received addressed to L. P. King and that he believed the package contained narcotics. He further stated that a driver for his company had endeavoured to make a delivery of the package, but could not locate a person of that name at that address, and returned the package to the main office. He added that, on November 28th, two Chinese came to his office and attempted to obtain delivery of the package, but were unable to produce sufficient identification. Investigations at New York disclosed that the address of the sender of the package, H. B. Harris, was fictitious and no one of that name could be located. The San Gabriel Wine Co. proved to be a reputable firm and an official of the company stated that, when consignments of wine were received, the pasteboard containers were thrown out on the sidewalk and that anyone who so desired could pick them up and carry them away. It was ascertained that the address of the consignee in Portland, 212 S.W. Second Street, was the headquarters of the Chinese Tong, “ The Four Brothers Society ”, certain members of which have been under investigation as narcotic traffickers. On December 2nd, Customs officers, maintaining a watch at the Railway Express Office, apprehended Yee Sing after he had called and taken delivery of the suspicious package. The package was opened and found to enclose the three pasteboard containers each containing morphine. 4. Yee Sing will be prosecuted.

No. 523. — Seizure at San Francisco, on October 13th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Nanman Maru ” , coming from Yokohama. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, December 29th, 1936. Reference : 1(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 5 grammes. In one bottle, which O.C.S./Conf.l53. bore the label of the “ Japan Pharmaceutical Establishment, Osaka ”. 1281/388(316). Photographs of the label are in the archives of the Secretariat. Report No. 599. 2. There was no arrest. 3. Upon the arrival of the Nanman Maru at San Francisco, Customs Agents discovered the morphine flask lying flat behind other bottles in the medicine locker of the ship. The store list of the vessel contained the following statement : “ Usual medical stores — no narcotics The drugs were confiscated.

No. 524. — Seizure at Stephenville, Texas, September 21st, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, February 24th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Morphine hydrochloride : 238 grammes ( 8 oz. 161 grains). O.C.S./Conf.195. No identifying marks or labels. 1281/388(340). 2. Persons implicated : Johnnie Walker and Reedy Epps ; both Report No. 625. Americans. 3. Narcotic Agents, acting on information that Epps was to deliver a quantity of morphine to Walker, waited at the alleged point of delivery and attempted to arrest both persons when they met. Walker resisted arrest, shot and dangerously wounded one agent and attem pted to run down another as he escaped in his car. As he fled, he threw the packages containing the morphine out of the car. He was later arrested at Fort Worth. Epps has not yet been arrested. 4. Walker is now held in default of bond, awaiting trial.

Note. — Seizures of morphine were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under appropriate headings : Case No. 453, under “ Part II A ”. Case No. 463, under “ Raw Opium ”. Case No. 543, under “ Heroin ”.

Q u a n t i t i e s o f M o r p h i n e s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d t o t h e S e c r e t a r i a t : 1936 12 kg. 39 grs. — 26 —

4. HERO IN .

No. 525. — Seizure at Han Tan Railway Station, Hopei, on October 27th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 3 kg. 23 grs. (5 catties, gross weight). O.C.S./Conf.218. 2. Persons implicated : Chiang Tsan Yuan, alias Chin Kwang ; 14177/388. Chin Ming ; Wu ; all Koreans. 3. When the train from Peiping arrived at Han Tan, Chiang Tsan Yuan was seen to alight dressed in a loosely fitting gown and with no luggage. When questioned by the railway police, he could not answer coherently, and it seemed strange that he should have come all the way from Peiping without luggage. He was therefore searched and the search revealed three white rubber belts of heroin wound around his waist and legs. In his coat pocket were 15 yuan and 10 cents, two books and a pencil-sketched map of Han Tan, Wu An and She Hsien. Chiang Tsan Yuan stated that he had intended to sell the heroin and that his brother Chin Ming and Wu had asked him to come first and one of them wTould follow later to helphim dispose of the drug ; they then intended to go on to Wu An and She Hsien. 4. Chiang Tsan Yuan was handed over to the Japanese Consulate in Chengchow for trial.

No. 526. — Seizure at Hsing Tai Station, Hopeh Province, China, on August 21st, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 15 kg. 500 grs. Gross weight. In twelve packages, O.C.S./Conf.l74. eleven of Which bore the following marks : “ Sung Chi No. 2 ”, “ Sung 14177/388. Chi No. 4 ”, “ Sung Chi No. 6 ”, “ Sung Chi No. 7 ”, “ Chun Chi No. 2 ”, “ Chun Chi No. 3 ”, “ Chun Chi No. 4 ”, “ Chun Chi No. 12 ”, “ Chun Chi No. 13 ”, “ Chin Chi ”, “ Chih Chi ” ; no m ark or label was found on th e last package. 2. Person implicated : Sun Hsueh-ting, Korean. 3. When the Peiping-Hankow train arrived at Hsing Tai Station on August 21st, a man was seen hurriedly leaving the train with a red leather case. On being questioned, he insisted that he was Korean and, after much resistance, his case was finally opened and searched, revealing the heroin. Sun Hsueh-ting could produce neither passport nor other card of identification. He wore Chinese dress, and he could speak and write Chinese very well. When questioned, he admitted that he was a Korean, and that he had been asked by his father to bring the drugs to Yen Tai Station and to deliver them to a man carrying two flash­ lights. 4. He was first handed over to the Administrative Supervisory Commissioner’s Bureau of the First Area of Honan with all relative documents and evidence. Later, after his identity as a Korean was confirmed, he was handed over to the Japanese Consulate in Chengchow for trial.

No. 527. — Seizure at Hsing Tai Station, Hopeh Province, China, on September 4th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 3 kg. Gross weight. Q.C.S./Conf.l74. 2. Person implicated : Chu Wen-ching, alias Chu Wen-ho, Korean. 14177/388. 3. Chu Wen-ching was found to have concealed on his person twelve rubber pouches of heroin, weighing 3 kg. He had no passport with him, but only a third-class ticket from Peiping to Hsing Tai. He admitted that he was asked by one M. Tsui of Peiping (another Korean, whose brother was once the owner and superintendent of the Tsi Seng Hospital in Hsing Tai) to carry the drug to Hsing Tai and that he wTas to have received 14 or 15 yuan after its safe delivery. 4. The drug was sent to the branch office of the Opium Suppression Supervisory Bureau in Honan, while Chu Wen-Ching was handed over to the Administrative Supervisory Commissioner’s Bureau of the First Area of Honan and later to the Japanese Consulate in ChengchowT for trial.

No. 528. — Seizure at Pukow Railway Station, Kiangsu, on December 12th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 11 kg. 500 grs. In two cloth sacks in two baskets. O.C.S./Conf.218. 2. Persons implicated : Kao Kwang Tui, a Korean, resident in 14177/388. the Japanese Concession, Tientsin ; Wang, a Chinese. 3. On December 12th, the railway police of the Tsin-Pu Railway were notified by telephone that Kao Kwang Tui, who had a Tientsin-Shanghai ticket on the Tientsin-Shanghai through train, and who was carrying two rush baskets, had refused to be — 27 — examined. The railway police requested that he be detained and examined when the train reached Pukow. On the arrival of the train at that station, officials boarded the train and questioned the accused. On examination, the baskets were found neatly covered with wrappers purporting to be those of a fruit store. Not only did Kao Kwang Tui refuse to be examined, but he threatened the officials with a pair of scissors. These, however, were taken awray from him after a struggle and the heroin was found in the two baskets. Kao Kwang Tui said that he had been asked by Wang to bring the heroin from Tientsin to Shanghai, for which he was to receive 50 yuan. He stated that he did not know Wang’s address and that he was to deliver the heroin to Wang, who wras supposed to meet him at Shanghai station. 4. The accused was handed over to the Japanese Consulate-General in Nanking together with his baggage. The heroin w7as sent to the Pengpu office of the Opium Suppression Supervisory Bureau.

No. 529. — Seizure at North Station, Shanghai, on July 22nd, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 4 kg. 410 grs. O.C.S./Conf. 174. 2. Person implicated : Susumi Ikeda, Japanese. 14177/388. 3. On July 22nd, 1936, the railway police and Customs officers of the Wuhsi-Shanghai section of the Nanking-Shanghai train seized six parcels of heroin, which were found in the possession of Ikeda wTho was travelling from Tientsin to Shanghai. 4. The contraband drugs w'ere detained at the Customs and the trafficker was handed over to the Japanese Consulate by the branch office of the Public Safety Bureau at the Northern Station.

No. 530. — Seizure at North Station, Shanghai, on October 26th, 1936. Beport com­ municated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 27 kg. 600 grs. No marks or labels. O.C.S./Conf.l74. 2. Person implicated : Murayama, Japanese. 14177/388. 3. The heroin wras found by Customs officers in the handbag of Murayama when he arrived at Shanghai. He claimed that he was a member of the Military Attaché’s Bureau of the Japanese Embassy in China. According to a report of the police department of the French Concession in Shanghai, it is suspected that the drug was manufactured by a certain factory in the Japanese Concession in Tientsin. 4. He was handed over to the Japanese Consulate-General in Shanghai for trial. The drug was confiscated.

No. 531. — Seizure at Shunteh Station, Hopeh Province, China, on June 17th, 1936. Beport communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 17 kg. Contained in a biscuit-box, in twelve O.C.S./Conf.l74. Quaker Oats tins, five dried vegetable tins and one wdrite cloth parcel, 14177/388. wrhich w'ere discovered in a red suit-case belonging to the accused. 2. Person implicated : Keijiro Kawaguchi, Japanese ; former interpreter of the Kwantung Army Headquarters. 3.Kawaguchi, on alighting at Shunteh from the Peiping-Hankow express train, attracted the attention of the police by his suspicious behaviour. He wTas requested to come to the stationmaster’s office, where he was questioned. An examination of his luggage revealed the heroin. When first questioned, Kawraguchi first gave a false name, but, after close questioning, he gave his real name and presented his certificate of identity issued by the Commander of the Koupeikou garrison. 4. The police sent him, together with the seized heroin, to the competent authorities in Honan Province, who, according to regulations, confiscated the contraband drug and handed the trafficker over to the Japanese Consulate in Chengchow for trial.

No. 532. — Seizure at Ta Chi Men Station, Hankow, Hupeh Province, China, on April 5th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 2 kg. 158 grs. (4.75 lb.). Gross wreight. No labels O.C.S./Conf.l74. or markings. Contained 89.6 % of heroin. 14177/388. 2. Persons implicated : Li He-lu and Woo Ching-shu ; both Koreans. — 28 —

3. W hen the Peiping-Hankow express arrived at Ta Chi Men station, examining officers discovered three packages of heroin in the suit-case of the accused. Li Hê-lu stated that he worked in a wine and sauce shop in Peiping ; he was arrested when he got out of the train with the drug. Woo Ching-shu stated that he was connected with a Japanese store in Tung-Lo Cheng, Shanhaikuan, and that he only met Li for the first time in the train. He claimed that he had no baggage and that the suit-case containing the drug did not belong to him. 4. Li and Woo were sent to the Hankow Municipal Government and the latter handed them over to the Japanese Consulate-General in Hankow for trial. The heroin was confiscated.

No. 533. — Seizure at Tai Yuan, Shansi Province, China, September 27th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 11 kg. 646% grs. (19 catties 4 liangs). O.C. ./Conf.174. 2. Persons implicated : Chujo and Ichimori, both Japanese ; one 14177/388. Chinese. 3. Two Japanese and a Chinese carrying two suit-cases were detained at the Taiyuan station by officers of the local public safety bureau when they were about to buy their tickets. As they refused to submit themselves to examination, they were taken to the provincial public safety bureau, which, in conjunction with two representatives of the Japanese Military Attaché’s office as well as members of the garrison headquarters, carried out the necessary examination. The heroin was found in the suit-cases. 4. Chujo and Ichimori were sent to the Japanese Consulate in Chengchow for trial. The Chinese was sent to Yang Chu Hsien for punishment.

No. 534. — Seizure at Central Station, Tientsin, August 1st, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 7 kg. In forty-four packages. 2. Person implicated : King Sih Che, Korean ; Haruda, a Japanese.

14177/388. 3 . King Sih Che was found to have the heroin in his possession. He said that his father, King Tsai Lu, operated the Kai Yun commercial firm in the western section, Sung Tao Street, Japanese Concession, Tientsin. He further confessed that Haruda, a friend of his father, had asked him to carry the heroin to Po Tou Chen (Shantung province) and to deliver the same to a Chinese whom he knew only by sight. He received sixteen Chinese dollars for his part in smuggling the drug. 4. The heroin was confiscated and destroyed. King wras handed over to the Japanese Consulate Police in Tientsin for trial.

No. 535. — Illicit Retail Sale of Heroin by Koreans and Japanese in the International Settlement, Shanghai, between October 1st and December 31st, 1936. Report communicated bv the Shanghai Municipal Council, January 14th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 817 grammes (283/4 oz.). O.C.S./Conf.171. 2. Persons implicated : Fifty-three Koreans 13103/388. Kin Zai Shih, Won Sho Shun, Kin Sho Shoku, Li Sei Ei, Sai Zun Ki, Ryu In Ko, Tei In Fuku, Kim Tstsu Sen, Kin Ko Bin, Boku Gin Kyo, Li I Ru, Kim Kei Koku, Li Kei Yoh, Sai Sho Ling, Li Ko Tei, Kim Mu Sei, Tei San Sei, Ko Mei Shuku, Kya Shi Kon, Kim Shun Taku, Liu Shei Shun, Kim Teu Un, Li Kan Kyu, Wong Koh Zen, Wu Ten Fukee, Li To Gyoku, Zau Kyo Chin, Ryu Yui Ko, Li Toku Liang, Ryu Dai Fuku, Chi So Ko, Tei Ki Do, alias Boku Jun Bun, Li Sho Zin, Kan Kei Shei, Shui Ki Geu, Lin Shun Bai, Tei Koku Ichi, Chi In Yo, Kin Kahu Kei, Li Sho Ban, Kin Zin Ko, Kyo I Shing, Kyo Kei Lieu, Kin Ei Yu, Li Ren Zan, Kyo Chi Go, Ri Ei Rin. Kin Tetsu Gen, So Se Do, Zau Shou Ko, Gen To Shin, Tei Shei Kan, Sai Ho Kyo,

Nine Japanese : Masao Sugano, Masao Kawahara, Takama Terada, Gunji Motoyoshi, Shigeyaki Hirano, S. Yano, Ryusaku Suzuura, Sugitaro Toyoshugi and I. Tashiro. 3. The defendants were arrested following the sale of heroin to detectives’ informers on various dates between October 1st and December 31st, 1936. 4. Eleven of the accused were deported to Korea or Japan after the prosecution had been suspended ; one was sentenced to six months’, one to two months’, and one to one month’s — 29 —

imprisonment ; ten were fined from 20 yen to 80 yen. The prosecution was suspended for the period of one year in the case of thirteen persons, while one was discharged and twenty-four were still on remand at the end of December 1936.

No. 536. — Seizure at Alexandria, December 22nd, 1936. Report communicated by the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, March 8 th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 6.60 grammes. 0-C.S./Conf.207. « r. ■ _ 2 . Persons implicated : Alexandre Argyris Macns, British ; George 28338/387. Emmanuel Larras, Greek ; Rizo Nicolaou Efstatios, Greek, local subject ; Petro Argyris Maoris, British ; Gabriel Andreas Cannakis, Greek ; Stamati Leonidas Douras, Greek, local subject ; George Constantin Politis, Greek, local subject ; 3. On receipt of information that Alexandre Macris was dealing in heroin, a confidant of the Bureau was sent to obtain samples from him with marked money. The confidant got into touch with Macris. After twro visits, the confidant met the agents of the Bureau near Macris’ house and gave them 2 . 2 0 grammes of heroin as a sample together with a syringe, with which Macris had injected him with a small quantity of heroin, and the paper which had contained the heroin and which still bore traces of the drug. At that moment, Larras appeared and the confidant pointed him out as an accomplice of Macris, whereupon he was arrested and the marked money was found on him. The agents then raided the house and the rest of the gang was arrested. An eye-dropper and a hypodermic needle wrapped in a Greek, newspaper were found on a bed, and on the table in the same room was found a small balance such as is used for the weighing-out of drugs. A paper containing 4.40 grammes of heroin was found on the roof, and in a drawer in an inner room was found a quantity of white glacé paper cut into strips and apparently ready for use in the making of heroin packets, whilst two daggers of Turkish design were found at the bottom of the same drawer. 4. The British Consular Court sentenced Alexandre Macris to twelve months’ imprison­ ment and acquitted Petro Macris. The Greek Consular Court sentenced Cannakis and Larras to two months’ imprisonment each. The Narcotics Summary Native Court sentenced Douras to twelve months’ imprisonment and a fine of £E200 and Efsthatios and Politis to six months’ imprisonment and a fine of £E30 each.

No. 537. — Seizure at Detroit, Michigan, December 10th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin mixed with laclose : 713 grammes (10,969.11 grains). O.C.S./Conf. 164. Label : Hadji Ala Baba. The boxes were white and each bore a 1281/388 (334). red label showing three camels with riders on a desert, in black. The sealing strip on each box was red and the lettering “ Hadji Ala Baba ” Report No. 617. was black. The ends of the boxes were sealed with round red labels bearing in black the figure of a woman tennis player in the act of serving. The drug itself was in transparent envelopes inside the boxes. 2. Person implicated : Salvatore Vitale, alias Sam Vitale and Sam Russo, Italian subject. 3. Salvatore Vitali has been arrested several times previously, but it has not been possible definitely to connect him with the drug traffic. Following an investigation, however, he was arrested on December 10th, 1936, as he was about to deliver the heroin to an informant. 4. His bond was set at $25,000 and he was held in default thereof awaiting trial.

No. 538. — Seizure at Louisville, Kentucky, on October 23rd, 1936. Report communicated the Government of the United States of America, January 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 545 grammes (19 oz. 78% grains). In twenty O.C.S./Conf. 165. cardboard boxes, blue with yellow border, bearing the likeness of a 1281/388(333). “ Kicking Mule ”, with yellow labels sealing the boxes bearing the word “ Mule Report No. 616. 2. Person implicated : William Evans, alias George W. Emmerson, American. 3. Acting on information that Evans was receiving narcotics through the post, Narcotic Agents arrested him when a package addressed to George W. Emmerson in Louisville, c/o Harley’s Key Shop, was claimed by Evans. This package contained the heroin. The consignor was a Mrs. R. Emmerson at New York. Both the names used as consignor and consignee were fictitious. 4. Evans was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment.

No. 539. — Illicit Traffic at New York and Baltimore in November and December 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, March 22nd, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 1 kg. 307 grs. (45 oz. 446 grains). No identifying O.C.S./Conf.212. marks or labels. 1281/388(346). 2. Persons implicated : George Corrigan ; Leslie Robert Ruther­ ford ; Charles McAvoy, alias “ Mickey ” ; Arthur de Vita ; Ben Kramer ; Report No. 631. Jester Russel : Americans. — 30 —

3. As a result of purchases by Narcotic Agents of about |568 grammes of heroin from Corrigan and Rutherford, arrangements were made with these persons to deliver a further quantity of heroin to either Baltimore or Washington, D.C. Accordingly, on December 6 th, Corrigan, accompanied by McAvoy and de Vita, motored from New York to Baltimore. The three were arrested upon their arrival at Baltimore and 739 grammes of heroin were found in the automobile. Kramer and Russel, accomplices of Corrigan, were also arrested at Baltimore on the same day, while Rutherford was arrested at New York on December 7th. 4. Corrigan was sentenced to three years’ imprisonment. The cases against McAvoy and de Vita were dismissed, while the other cases are pending.

No. 540. — Seizure at New York in November and December 1936. Report communicated the Government of the United States of America, January 25th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 871 grammes (30 oz. 285 grains). No identifying O.C.S./Conf.170. marks or labels. The heroin was in seven decks of plain white paper 1281/388(330). and in eight 1 -oz. bags and forty-four y2- oz. bags of plain white waxed paper. Report No. 613. 2. Persons implicated : Joseph C. Rogers, John Cuneo and Samuel Levine, all Americans. 3. Following the purchase by Narcotic Agents of ten paper decks containing heroin, Rogers and Cuneo were arrested and the rest of the heroin was found concealed in the premises occupied by them. Investigation showed that Levine was the actual owner of the heroin, but he has not to date been apprehended. 4. Rogers and Cuneo were both sentenced to two years’ imprisonment.

No. 541. — Seizure at New York, January 15th, 1937, ex the s.s. “ Paris ”, from Le Havre, Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America. February 26th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 1 kg. 496 grs. (3 lb. 4 u / 16 oz.). In three packages O.C.S./Conf. 196. which consisted of an outer wrapping of ordinary brown paper, bearing 1281/388(341). a pink label reading : “ This package contains 500 Firm. Quality Cognac S.C. Total No. de Packages Remit to No. ... ” Inside the Report No. 626. brown-paper wrappings were blue envelopes lined with white tissue, such as are used by druggists. The bottoms of the blue envelopes were reinforced with red paper. The heroin in each envelope was wrapped in a cellophane container. The packages bore no other distinguishing marks. 2. Person implicated : Alexandre Pierre Marie Rio, French, cleaner on the s.s. Paris. 3. Rio was arrested at New York as he attempted to smuggle two packages of heroin ashore concealed under his socks and secured to his ankles by strips of cloth. A search of his quarters resulted in the discovery of a third paper package of heroin hidden under his mattress on his bunk. Rio stated that a person known to him only as “ Victor 3,1 had given the heroin to him at Le Havre and had paid him 200 francs for carrying the drugs to the United States and smuggling them ashore at New York. He had instructed Rio to hold the heroin on the ship until he was accosted by a “ tall Frenchman ” who would give him instructions as to the delivery of the packages. The name of the “ tall Frenchman ” hasbeen ascertained and he is now under investigation. One of the original packages, together with the other wrappings, has been forwarded to the French Government by the United States authorities. The sworn statement of Rio has also been transmitted to the French Government. 4. Rio was sentenced to imprisonment for two years on the first count, five years on the second count and five years on the third count, all sentences to run concurrently. Total sentence, five years.

No. 542. — Seizure at New York, January 28th and 29th, 1937. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, March 17th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 505 grammes (17 oz. 340 grains). Marked “ 1 oz. 0.c.s./conf.204. 100 % pure ”. 1281/388(344). Codeine : 4 grammes (65 grains). 2. Persons implicated : James O’Rourke, attendant at a hospital at Staten Island ; Thomas Carney ; Max Sprung ; Martin Miller : all Americans. 3. The authorities, acting on information that O’Rourke was dealing in narcotics, got into contact with him and obtained introductions to his associates, Carney, Sprung and

1 See case No. 454 of this document. — 31 —

Miller. On January 28th, 142 grammes of heroin were bought from Carney and 142 grammes from Sprung and Miller. W hen these three were arrested the following day, 199 grammes of heroin and 4 grammes of codeine were found in their possession. 4. O’Rourke was sentenced to two years at the Lexington, Kentucky, Narcotic Farm. Carney was sentenced to five years’ imprisonment. The cases against Sprung and Miller are still pending.

No. 543. — Seizure at San Antonio, Texas, on December 5th, 1936. Report communicated the Government of the United States of America, March 24th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Heroin : 4 kg. 985 grs. (175 oz. 225 grains). O.C.S./Conf.216. Morphine hydrochloride : 943 grammes (33 oz. 94 grains). 1281/388(348). The heroin was labelled “ Hadji Ala Baba ”. The morphine bore no label. Report No. 633. 2. Persons implicated : Howard Grant, a city detective of San Antonio ; Charley Beland : both Americans. 3. On December 5th, 1936, railroad employees at San Antonio turned over to local narcotic agents a suit-case which they had found under a seat in a Pullman car of a train arriving from Fort Worth. The suit-case contained the heroin and morphine. Shortly afterwards, Grant made enquiries about the suit-case and arrangements were made to deliver it to him at his home. He was then arrested. Beland was suspected of being the person who forwarded the suit-case to Grant and he was also arrested. 4. The case against Beland was dismissed ; that of Grant is pending. Note. — Seizures of heroin were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under appropriate headings : Cases Nos. 450, 451, under “ Part IIA Cases Nos. 463, 478, under “ Raw Opium

Q u a n t i t i e s o f H e r o i n s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d t o t h e S e c r e t a r i a t : 1936 1937 119 kg. 913 grs. 2 kg. 1 gr.

5. COCAINE. No. 544. — Illicit Traffic in Alleged Cocaine at Chomutov, Czechoslovakia, in May 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Alleged cocaine : 150 grammes. 27848/26601 2. Persons implicated : Henri Vondras and Louis Walter, of Chomutov ; Adolphe Lof fier, of Kleinthal. 3. The accused were arrested for the illicit transport and sale of cocaine. Lôffler stated that he had received the cocaine from an unknown German subject and that he meant to sell it with the help of Vondras and Walter. A chemical analysis proved the drug to be percaine. 4. The financial authorities of Chomutov sentenced the three accused to fines ranging from 20 to 200 crowns and Lôffler and Walter in addition to five days’ imprisonment.

No. 545. — Seizure at Podëbrady, Czechoslovakia, July 24th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Cocaine : 0.27 gram m e.

0 -70,10 ,occni 2. Persons implicated : Dr. Charles Helich, chemist ; Marie ~ / o4o / .w O L ) V -L • -i—t n 1 r • I • I* r Banfulova, waitress in a cafe. 3. The police learned that Marie Fanfulovâ was receiving cocaine from Dr. Helich and seized 0.27 gramme in her possession. It was found that Dr. Helich had given it to her without a prescription and without payment. 4. The authorities at Podëbrady fined Dr. Helich 500 crowns. The result of the judicial proceedings is not yet known.

No. 546. — Illicit Traffic in Cocaine at Prague by Zdenek Benes, discovered in November 1935. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(6). Cocaine : 1.5 grammes.

2. Persons implicated : Zdenëk Benes, 1 formerly a druggist at ' z 4 8 A2 6 6 0 ■ Prague ; Charles Soutor, café waiter.

1 See documents C.265.M.135.1935.XI[O.C.'294(æ)], page 37, No. 1684; and C.167.M.103.1936.XI[0,C.S.300], pages 34-35, Nos. 101 and 104. — 32 —

3. Soutor was taken to the General Hospital suffering from symptoms of poisoning. He stated that he had taken three cocaine powders which he had bought from Benes. Benes admitted having sold Soutor 1.5 grammes of cocaine in all, for 22.50 crowns. 4. The municipal authorities fined Benes 8,000 crowns or thirty-six days’ imprisonment.

No. 547. — Seizure at Prague, January 15th, 1936. Report communicated by the Govern­ ment of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th. 1937. 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : Two packets. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Ladislas Bezdëk and Vaclav Blumentrit, 27848/26601. bar-attendants. 3. The authorities had suspected Bezdëk for some time, and on January 15th he was seen talking to an unknown person in the street. Both were stopped and searched, but the unknown person succeeded in escaping. The place he had been in just before was searched and the cocaine was found there. Bezdëk stated that he had sold the two packets of cocaine to an unknown person and that he had bought them from Blumentrit for eight crowns the packet. Blumentrit stated that he had bought the cocaine from an unknown person. 4. The municipal authorities at Prague sentenced Bezdëk to a fine of 2,000 crowns or twenty days’ imprisonment. The result of the judicial proceedings in the case is not yet known.

No. 548. — Traffic in Alleged Cocaine at Prague, discovered on January 24th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Alleged cocaine : Six tubes. Marked with a skull bearing the inscription “ F MG 100 ”. Reference : 27848/26601. 2. Persons implicated : Guillaume Jedlicka ; François Mlejnek, unemployed druggist ; Emile Stanko, of Kirkov ; Joseph Mucha, of Teplice-Sanov. 3. The authorities received information that Jedlicka was trafficking in cocaine and he was arrested on January 24th. No drugs were found on him, but he stated that he had thrown a tube of cocaine into the river. Further investigations led to the arrest of Mlejnek and the six tubes were found in a portfolio belonging to him. Mlejnek denied any participation in the illicit traffic and declared that Jedlicka had merely asked him to take the tubes to a rendez­ vous and that he had left them at Mlejnek’s house. Jedlicka admitted that he had obtained the tubes from Stanko through Mucha. It appeared that Stanko had asked Jedlicka to sell them in Prague for 12,000 crowns. An analysis of the tubes proved that they contained no narcotic, but pure naphthaline.

No. 549. — Seizure at Prague, January 25th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Cocaine : Twenty-one capsules. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Adolphe Weiss, bar-attendant ; Joseph 27848/26601. Volkân j1 Joseph Schneider ; Emilie Vopickovâ. 3. Weiss was arrested on January 25th and the capsules of cocaine were found in his possession. He admitted that he sold cocaine and that he had bought the capsules from an unknown person whose identity has not been established. On February 25th, the case of Schneider and Emilie Vopickovâ came before the courts and it was found that they both took cocaine. Schneider stated that he had obtained large quantities of cocaine from Weiss and had paid him 150 crowns a week for his supplies. Schneider further stated that he also obtained cocaine from Volkân. Both Weiss and Volkân denied having supplied Schneider. 4. The municipal authorities at Prague sentenced Weiss to a fine of 2,000 crowns or to fifteen days’ imprisonment. The result of the judicial proceedings is not yet known.

No. 550. — Illicit Traffic in Cocaine by Rodolphe Albrecht at Prague, discovered on February 18th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(6). Cocaine : Quantity not stated.

Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Rodolphe Albrecht, 2 formerly waiter at a 27848/26601. Prague café ; Zdenëk Benes,8 formerly druggist at Prague. 3. A lbrecht wras arrested on February 18th with a considerable quantity of paper capsules such as are employed for filling with cocaine sold in the retail trade.

1 See document C.167.M.103.1936.XI[O.C.S.300], pages 34 and 35, Nos. 101 and 104. 2 See case No. 558 of this document. 3 See footnote to case No. 546 of this document. — 33 —

Albrecht admitted having bought on February 15th four large packets of cocaine for 80 crowns from Benes and having sold this cocaine to several addicts. Benes denied having sold this cocaine to Albrecht. 4. Albrecht was sentenced by the municipal authorities at Prague to a fine of 1,000 crowns. The result of the judicial proceedings is not yet known.

No. 551. — Illicit Traffic in Cocaine discovered at Prague on February 21st, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on* the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937.

1 (6 ). Cocaine : Seven packets. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Marie Quietonovâ, prostitute ; Walter 27848/26601. Graf,1 porter a t Prague. 3. Several prostitutes were arrested on suspicion of trafficking in cocaine and one of them, Marie Quietonovâ, admitted that she had that day bought seven packets of cocaine from Graf for 7 crowns and sold it to other prostitutes. Graf denied that he had sold cocaine to Marie Quietonovâ, but her statement was confirmed by the other prostitutes. No cocaine was seized. 4. Quietonovâ was sentenced by the municipal authorities to a fine of 500 crowns or three days’ imprisonment, and Graf to a fine of 1,000 crowns or five days’ imprisonment. The result of the judicial proceedings is not yet known.

No. 552. — Seizure at Prague on May 19th, 1936. Report communicated by the Govern­ ment of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 50 grammes. Reference : 2. Person implicated : Emanuel Brejsa. 27848/26601. 1 J 3. Brejsa was arrested and a flask containing the cocaine was found on him. He stated that he had bought it from an unknown person for 150 crowns. All attempts to find this person have failed, but it is suspected that the cocaine was smuggled into Czechoslovakia. 4. The fiscal authorities at Prague fined Brejsa 250 crowns. The judicial proceedings are not yet terminated, as Brejsa is absent from the country.

No. 553. — Seizure at Prague, June 2nd, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride Ten packets.

Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Gustave Fiala, dancer ; Vâclav Pecânka, 2 27848/26601. bar-attendant. 3. Fiala was arrested and the cocaine found in his possession. He admitted that he was an addict and had bought the cocaine in question from Pecânka. Pecânka stated that the cocaine he had sold to Fiala was some that he had succeeded in hiding when he was arrested for cocaine traffic in 1933. A chemical analysis proved that it was cocaine hydrochloride mixed with another substance, probably phenacetin. 4. The case is pending.

No. 554. — Illicit Traffic in Cocaine at Prague, discovered in October 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(6). Cocaine : Quantity not given. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Charles Stoll, bar-attendant ; Zdenëk 2/848/26601. Benes ;3 Frédéric Ivristufek, of Prague ; Walter Graf ;4 Anna Parizkovâ, waitress ; Joseph Skâla, electrical engineer ; Jaroslav Plicka, dancer. 3. Anna Parizkovâ Was taken to hospital, suffering from cocaine poisoning. Enquiries elicited the fact that she had received the cocaine from Skâla and Plicka, who stated that they had obtained it from Stoll. Stoll admitted that he had given cocaine to Skâla and Plicka and that he, in his turn, had received it from Benes and Ivristufek. Skâla stated that he had also obtained cocaine from Graf. Benes, Ivristufek and Graf, however, denied having sold cocaine to Stoll or to anyone else. 4. The case is pending.

1 See document C.167.M.103.1936.XI[O.C.S.300], page 35, No. 104. 2 See case No. 555 of this document. 3 See footnote to case No. 546 of this document. 1 See case No. 551 of this document. — 34 —

No. 555. — Seizure at Prague,November 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Cocaine : 80 grammes.

Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Vaclav Pecânka ; 1 Charles Nemecek. 27848/26601. 3. The cocaine was seized in the possession of Nëmecek, who had offered it for sale to Pecânka. Nemecek stated that he had obtained it from an unknown person in the neighbourhood of Hronov. Up to the present, it has not been possible to establish the identity of this person, but the case is still pending.

No. 556. — Illicit Sale of Cocaine by a Druggist at Prague, discovered in November 1938. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(b). Cocaine : 175 grammes. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Rodolphe Kulhânek, proprietor of a bar 27848/26601. in Prague ; Pierre Kosnâr, owner of a large drug store in Prague. 3. Kulhânek denounced Kosnâr to the police on November 1st for extortion to the amount of 5,000 crowns. In the course of the enquiry, it was found that Kosnâr had sold 175 grammes of cocaine to Kulhânek for his own use and that Kulhânek had paid him 150 crowns. In his capacity of druggist, Kosnâr was in a position to obtain the cocaine legally, but he had omitted to enter the transaction in his register. 4. The affair is pending.

No. 557. — Seizure at Prague, December 10th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Cocaine : 80 grammes. Reference : 2. Person implicated : Frederic Weierelt. 27848/26601. 1 6 3. Weigelt was arrested in a café and the cocaine found on him. He first stated that he had bought it for about RM. 50 at Dresden, but he contradicted himself so much in his statements that it was impossible to believe him. 4. The case is pending.

No. 558. — Illicit Traffic in Cocaine at Prague in 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30tli, 1937. 1(6). Cocaine : Quantity not given. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Marie Polanskâ ; Rodolphe Albrecht ;2 27848/26601. JosephVolkân ;3 Zdenëk Krëhlik,4 waiter ; Hanani Makler, Russian. 3. The authorities, having learned that certain prostitutes were taking cocaine and selling it to others, made enquiries, and it was ascertained that Marie Polanskâ bought the cocaine from Albrecht, Volkân, Krëhlik and Makler. The houses of the accused were searched, hut no cocaine was found. 4. The municipal authorities sentenced Albrecht to a fine of 3,000 crowns, Marie Polanskâ to a fine of 2,000 crowns and Makler and Krëhlik to a fine of 5,000 crowns each. Makler has already been expelled from Czechoslovakia. The result of the judicial proceedings is not yet known.

No. 559. — Seizure at Vejprty, Czechoslovakia, July 3rd, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 200 grammes. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : François Braun, of Albrechtice ; Jean 27848/26601. Kutscher and Antoine Schreier, of Rybâre ; Edouard Thiele, of V ejprty.

3. The accused had smuggled the cocaine into Czechoslovakia. 4. The fiscal authorities sentenced Kutscher, Schreier and Thiele to a fine of 1,000 crowns each and Braun to five days’ imprisonment. The result of the judicial proceedings is not yet known.

1 See case No. 553 of this document. 2 See case No. 550 of this document. ‘ See footnote to case No. 549 of this document. * See document C.167.M.103.1936.XI[O.C.S.300], page 34, No. 102. — 35 —

No. 560. — Seizure at Calcutta on December 11th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Shirala ”, coming from Japanese and Chinese Ports, Singapore and Rangoon. Report com­ municated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 351 grammes (12 oz. 150 grains). O.C.S./Conf. 168. In one tin, bearing a label “ Fujitsuru Brand ”, wrapped in brown 27563/387. paper tied with string, with a similar label on the outer cover. 2. There were no accused. 3. Found at No. 1 King George’s Dock.

No. 561. — Seizure at Calcutta on December 14th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Yuen Sang ”, coming from Osaka, Kobe, Hong-Kong, Singapore and Penang. Report com­ municated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, January 25th, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 176 grammes ( 6 oz. 80 grains). O.C.S./Conf.l68. 2. Person implicated : Lai Hi, son of Kau Lung, Chinese stoker on 27563/387. the Yuen Sang. 3. Found in four rubber bags tied around the waist of the accused. 4. Lai Hi was sentenced to one year’s rigorous imprisonment.

No. 562. — Seizure at Calcutta, December 23rd, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Ho Sang ”, coming from Osaka, Kobe, Hong-Kong, Singapore and Penang. Report com­ municated by the Representative of the United Kingdom on the Advisory Committee, February 22nd, 1937.

Reference : 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 5 kg. 962 grs. (209 oz. 412% grains). O.C.S./Conf.l93. In seventeen tins, fourteen of which bore the “ Fujitsuru ” label, 28084/387. two the “ Eagle ” label and one the “ Tiger ” label. 9 There were no accused. 3. The cocaine was found attached to a weighted bamboo pole, with two flash-lights attached to it, in the lower reaches of the River Hooghly. It was dropped overboard in the early hours of the morning while the vessel was in the lower reaches of the river proceeding towards Calcutta, and was almost immediately picked up by the officers deputed to escort the vessel into port by motor-launch.

No. 563. — Seizure at Balboa, Canal Zone, on September 29th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Santa Lucia ”, coming from Callao, Peru, of Cocaine bearing the Label of Hoffmann La Roche & Co., Basle. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 4th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Cocaine hydrochloride : 120 grammes. In eleven bottles, O.C.S./Conf.152. each marked “ Cocaine Clorhidrato -—■ Purisima Crist. Roche : 1281/388(320). F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., S.A. Basilea ”. Report No. 604. 2. Person implicated : Wilton Wilkinson Prince, negro citizen of Panama. 3. Upon the arrival of the Sanla Lucia at Balboa, the Customs authorities seized the cocaine from Prince, who was employed as a member of the coast crew (utility man) on board the vessel between Balboa and west-coast ports of South America. 4. Prince was sentenced to five years in the Canal Zone penitentiary.

No. 564. — Seizure at New York on October 6th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Santa Lucia ”, coming from Havana and South American Ports. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, December 29th, 1936. Reference : 1(a). Purported cocaine : 265 grammes. In six bottles, each O.C.S./Conf.153. bearing the label “ Drogueria 1 Buenos Aires ’ Bolivia. 45 Gramos. 1281/388(317). Cocaina Marca 1 Meker ’ Cristalizada ”. Photographs of this label are in the archives of the Secretariat. Report No. 600. 2. There was no arrest. 3. Upon the arrival of the Santa Lucia at New York, members of the Customs Searching Squad discovered the alleged cocaine over the ventilator in the men’s toilet on “ B ” deck. The contents of the bottles were analysed and proved to be boric acid crystals. 36 —

No. 565. — Seizure at Nogales, Arizona, October 13th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, December 29th, 1936. Reference : 1(a). Purported cocaine : 85 grammes (3 oz.). In three 1-oz. O.C.S./Conf.153. bottles each of which bore labels representing the product to be that of 1281/388(315). Ferdinand Roques, Paris. Photographs of the label are in the archives of the Secretariat and show definitely that it is a clumsy forgery. Report No. 598. 2. Person implicated : Enrique Medina, Mexican. 3. Medina was arrested by police officers at Nogales in possession of the purported cocaine. He admitted that he had purchased the bottles in Nogales, Sonora, Mexico. Chemical analysis of the contents of the bottles disclosed that they contained common alum, a non-narcotic substance. 4. The case against Medina will probably be dismissed.

Note. — A seizure of cocaine was also made in connection with a seizure of raw opium. It has been summarised under th at heading. See case No. 463.

Q u a n t i t i e s o f C o c a i n e s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d to t h e S e c r e t a r i a t :

1936 7 kg. 214 grs.

6 . INDIAN HEMP DRUGS.

No. 566. — Seizure at Alexandria on January 30th, 1937, ex the s.s. “ Attiki Report communicated by the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, March 6 th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Hashish : 4 kg. 820 grs. O.C.S./Conf.201. 2. Persons implicated : Gerassimo Valianatos, Greek, first-class 28285/387. steward on the A ttiki ; Kyriacou Kalothycos, Greek passenger on the Attiki ; “ Anwar ”, interpreter of a navigation company at Alexandria. 3. Valianatos handed a suit-case containing the hashish to Kalothycos on the arrival of the Attiki at Alexandria and asked him to give it to " Anwar ”, who would be waiting along the quayside. As Kalothycos did not find “ Anwar ”, he approached another interpreter and proposed that he should smuggle the hashish into Alexandria against the payment of £E10. Pretending to agree to the proposition, the interpreter informed the authorities. Meanwhile, Kalothycos became suspicious and got rid of the suit-case, which was, however, retrieved later by the Customs and the key found on Kalothycos. Valianatos was arrested and his bunk searched and documents taken. Investigation revealed that both persons were concerned with drug trafficking. 4. Both the accused were sentenced by the Greek Consular Court to fourteen months’ imprisonment and a fine of 1 0 0 drachmae.

No. 567. — Seizure at Port Said, November 27th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ City of Cairo ” . Report communicated by the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Hashish : 801 grammes. Indian origin. O.C.S./Conf.176. 2. Person implicated : Abdulla Jan Allee, British subject. 27713/387. 3. Information was received by the Bureau to the effect that a quantity of hashish would be offered for sale in Port Said by Indian members of the crew on the arrival of the City of Cairo. Keen observation was kept on all persons coming in contact with the ship. On November 27th, the accused was seen descending the gangway on to the pontoon and was searched. He was found to be in possession of the hashish, which was contained in a waistbelt he was wearing next to the skin. With the permission of the captain, the quarters of the accused and of the other Indian members of the crew were searched, but without further results. As the captain was unable to spare the services of the accused, he was returned to the ship against receipt ; on his return, a warrant will be obtained from His Britannic Majesty’s Consul for his arrest.

No. 568. — Seizure at Port Said on November 30th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Mahsud ” . Report communicated by the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Hashish : 200 grammes. Indian origin. O.C.S./Conf.177. 2. Person implicated : Habib Rahman, Indian, steward on board 27712/387. the vessel. — 37 —

3. Information was received by the Bureau to the effect that a quantity of Indian hashish would be disposed of by Indian members of the crew of the Mahsud on its arrival at Port Said. On thearrival of the vessel, therefore, a squad of the Port Said branch of the Bureau went on board anda search was carried out in the quarters occupied by the Indian stewards, where a piece of Indian hashish was found under the blankets covering the accused, who was sleeping in his bunk. In view of the fact that the accused could not be spared, he was handed over to the captain and a declaration obtained that, on the vessel’s return to Port Said, Habib Rahman would be handed over to the police to stand his trial.

No. 569. — Seizure at Port Said on December 2nd, 1936, ex the s.s. “ City of Canterbury Report communicated by the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 28th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Hashish : One gramme. O.C.S./Conf. 175. 2. Person implicated : Zaki El Mahdi Mahmoud, coal-heaver at 27692/387. Port Said. 3. The Indian members of the crew of the City of Canterbury being known to be narcotic traffickers, a squad of the Port Said Branch of the Bureau went on board on the arrival of the vessel at Port Said. The accused was seen with one of the Indian sailors near the engine. They descended together into the engine-room and were followed by two detectives. As he was approached, Zaki threw on the floor a piece of hashishwhich he had in hand. This was picked up by one of the detectives and Zaki was arrested. During a search of his person at the police station, other small pieces of hashish of the same kind were found on him. He confessed that these pieces were purchased by him from a bumboatman, but stated that the piece seized on board the ship did not belong to him. 4. Zaki was sentenced to one year’s imprisonment and a fine of £E200.

No. 570. — Seizure at Port Said on December 14th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ Mandasor ” , Report communicated by the Central Narcotics Intelligence Bureau, Cairo, January 7th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Hashish : 254 grammes. Indian origin. O.C.S./Conf.l57. 2. Person implicated : Nana Maeh, British Indian, member of 27296/387. the crew of the Mandasor. 3. The hashish was seized in the possession of the accused on board the vessel. 4. Nana Maeh was tried by the British Consular Court and sentenced to fourteen days’ imprisonment. The court gave as the reason for the leniency of the sentence the fact that the defendant had served as an assistant chief fireman for thirty years without previous conviction.

No. 571. — Seizure at Bursa, Turkey, on March 30th, 1936. Report communicated by the Turkish Government in its annual report for 1936, March 1937. 1(a). Hashish : 10 kg. 700 grs. Reference : 2. Persons implicated : Nicoli Iviparis, Greek, living at Mételin, 27888/26601. Turkey, and others. 3. Kiparis arrived at Ayvalik and got into touch with several traffickers there. They arranged to smuggle hashish to Greece, but the police came to know of it and seized the first consignment of 10 kg. 700 grs. concealed in two sacks of potatoes which the gang was transporting by lorry from Bursa to Ayvalik. The accused were handed over to the judicial authorities.

Note. — A seizure of marihuana was also made in connection with seizures of other drugs in Cuba. It has been summarised under the heading of “ Raw Opium ”. See case No. 463.

Q u a n t i t i e s o f I n d i a n H e m p D r u g s s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d t o t h e S e c r e t a r i a t :

Hashish : Marihuana : 1936 1937 1936 11 kg. 956 grs. 4 kg. 820 grs. 2 kg. 809 grs. 452 cigars 425 cigarettes 7. MISCELLANEOUS.

No. 572. — Seizure at Chengchow Station, Honan Province, on June 30th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Red pills : In forty bags containing more than 1,000 liang = O.C.S./Conf.174. 3 7 jcg_ 7 9 3 grs.

14177/388. 2 . Persons implicated : Satake and Suzuki ; both Japanese. 3. The two accused, carrying three leather bags, arrived at Chengchow on the express train from Peiping. After leaving the platform, they were seen surreptitiously making their way in the direction of Lunghai Garden. Before going very far, however, they were overtaken by the gendarmes of the station. At first they refused to open their bags for examination, but finally gave in and followed the gendarmes back to the station- master’s room, where an examination of the bags was made, which revealed the red pills. The two offenders and the pills were taken to the headquarters of the gendarmerie, where the offenders were questioned by the commander. They confessed that they had come from Peiping with the drugs with the intention of selling them in Chengchow. 4. The drugs were confiscated and the two Japanese were handed over to the Japanese Consulate in Chengchow for trial.

No. 573. — Seizure at Chengchow Station, Honan Province, August 17th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Red pills : In twenty bags weighing 24 kg. 68 grs. (637 liang). O.C.S./Conf.l74. The bags bore the “ Golden Dragon ” mark. 14177/388. 2. Person implicated : Torikai (?), Japanese. 3. The pills wTere found in two leather suit-cases belonging to Torikai when he left the Peiping-Hankow train at Chengchow station. 4. At the request of the Japanese Consul in Chengchow, Torikai was handed over to the Japanese Consulate for trial ; samples of the pills to serve as evidence were also handed over.

No. 574. — Seizure at Loyang Railway Station, Honan, July 19th, 1936. Report com­ municated by the Chinese Representative 011 the Advisory Committee, March 30th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Red pills : 55 kg. 994 grs. (1.482 taels, gross weight). In O.C.S./Conf.218. sixty bags in three leather cases. 14177/388. 2. Person implicated : Voron, alias Ravoulisheff (?), a White Russian, resident of Tientsin. 3. Voron arrived at Loyang East station on a train of the Lung-Hai Railway. His behaviour aroused the suspicion of the local police, who,in conjunction with the section chief of the railway, sent two officers with instructions to board the train and keep him under surveillance. When the train arrived at the Loyang West station, Voron, seeing no examina­ tion officials about, got out quickly with four leather cases. The two officers approached him to examine his baggage. He immediately stated that he had lost the keys, but the officers succeeded in opening the cases with some pass-keys. Three of the cases were found to be filled with the pills. 4. Voron was sentenced by the local criminal court at Chengchow, Honan, to eight years’ imprisonment and the pills were confiscated.

No. 575. — Seizure at Sui Ping Station, Honan Province, China, on May 11th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Red pills : 62 kg. Gross weight. O.C.S./Conf.174. 2. Person implicated : Motoda, Japanese. 14177/388. 3. When the Peiping-Hankow train arrived at the Sui Ping station, a Japanese was seen alighting from the train and at the same time a green canvas suit-case and a leather suit-case were taken down from the train. The railway police accosted him, but he said that the suit-cases did not belong to him. Upon examination, the suit-cases were found to contain the red pills. Motoda continued his journey and, when the train arrived at Ta Chih Men station (Hankow), he was again questioned and again he denied that the cases belonged to him. As there was no other evidence against him, he was asked to make and sign a declaration disclaiming any connection with the suit­ cases and was then allowed to go. The red pills were handed over to the Opium Suppression Supervisory Bureau in Hankow. — 39 —

No. 576. — Seizure at Yen Cheng Station, Honan Province, China, on August 25th, 1936. Report communicated by the Chinese Representative on the Advisory Committee, January 21st, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Red pills : 106 kg. Gross weight. In eighty-seven ba^s O.C.S./Conf.174. r ° ° J 8 2. Persons implicated : Nauda, alias Inoue, Japanese ; Kung 14177/388. Mei-Tsan, of Chi Ilsien, Honan ; Yang Chieh-hsuan, of Chia Hsiang Hsien, Shantung. 3. Yang Chieh-hsuan was first found without a ticket after the Peiping-Hankow train left Lin Yung station. When questioned, he replied that he had boarded the train at Hsu Chang and his ticket had been collected. Thereafter he was kept under observation. Later he entered the second-class car and asked the waiter whether he knew where a passenger by the name of Kung was. On hearing this, Kung Mei-Tsan, who was in a compartment nearby, came out and said that he was the man for whom Yang was looking. In the same compartment, there was a Japanese, and the fact that his and Kung’s tickets were both issued from Chien Men station, Peiping, to Ta Chih Men station, Hankow', and bore the numbers 0038 and 0039 proved that they travelled together. As their baggage was put on the seats of the sleeper, in readiness to leave the train, before arriving at their destination, the suspicion of the police wTas aroused. Yang Chieh-hsuan was taken to the guards’ room. When the train arrived at Yen Cheng, the three suspects and their baggage — five heavy leather cases and one light leather case — were taken to the stationmaster’s room for examination. After the discovery of the pills, they admitted that they were trafficking in drugs. 4. Kung Mei-Tsan and Yang Chieh-hsuan were handed over to the Wuhan Garrison Headquarters for punishment, while Inoue was turned over to the Hankow Municipal Government, which asked the Japanese Consulate-General in Hankow to take him over for trial.

No. 577. — Seizure in the International Settlement, Shanghai, October 28th, 1936. Report communicated by the Shanghai Municipal Council, January 14th, 1937. Reference : ^ 1(a). Red pills : 852 gram m es. (30 oz.). In six paper packets O.C.S./Conf.171. bearing no labels.

13103/388. 2 . Persons implicated : Nyi Tsang Sz, of Kompo ; Woo Tuh Ming, not arrested. 3. Nyi Tsang Sz was arrested on Avenue Edward VII for being in possession of the pills, which she had tied around her body. She claimed to have obtained the pills from one Woo Tuh Ming, who has so far not been arrested. 4. Nyi was sentenced to seven years’ imprisonment and deprived of civil rights for seven years.

No. 578. — Seizure at Chomutov, Czechoslovakia, March 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Percaine : 400 grammes in a glass tube marked “ FMC 10O ° / ” Reference : '° 27848/26601. 2 . Persons implicated : Rodolphe Bittner ; 1 Francois Lenhard ; Joseph Herrmann ; 2 Rodolphe Baierl ; 2 Antoine Nagl ;2 Jean Klinger ;2 Rodolphe Stichor ; Ervin Haybach. 3. The drug was found on Bittner, who had brought it into Czechoslovakia. 4. Bittner was sentenced by the fiscal authorities of Chomutov to a fine of 3,000 crowns and five days’ imprisonment. Sentences of from three to ten days’ imprisonment were inflicted on the others.

No. 579. — Seizure at Liberec, Czechoslovakia, on November 16th, 1936. Report com­ municated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936, March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Novocaine : 250 grammes. R_eference : 2. Persons implicated : Francois Kauf ; François Heide ; Joseph 27848/26601. Musil ; François Stanzel. 3. Kauf, Heide and Musil were arrested in an automobile belonging to Musil and the drug was found on Heide, who stated that he had received it from Stanzel. 4. The fiscal authorities sentenced Heide and Kauf to four weeks’ and Musil to fourteen days’ imprisonment. The results of the judicial proceedings are not yet known.

1 See document C.430.M.221.1935.XI[O.C.294(i/)], page 33, No. 1809. 2 See documents C.265.M.135.1935.XI[O.C.294(æ)], page 36, and C.430.M.221.1935.XHX).C.294(z/)], page 4, No. 1679. — 40 —

No. 580. — Seizure at Moravska Ostrava, July 13th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of Czechoslovakia in its report on the illicit traffic in 1936. March 30th, 1937. 1(a). Novocaine hydrochloride : 200 grammes in eight flasks of , 25 grammes each. Reference : ° 27848/26601. 2. Person implicated : Reinhard Plachtzik , 1 of Opava. 3. The novocaine was found in the possession of the accused. 4. Plachtzik was sentenced to a fine of 100 crowns or five days’ imprisonment, with suspension of execution for two years.

No. 581. — Seizure at Cleveland, Ohio, on September 28th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 4th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Chinese cough pills : 200 grammes. In a box containing O.C.S./Conf.152. 2 0 0 small paper boxes, each box weighing approximately 1 gramme. 1281/388(319). The pills contained 1.8 % of mixed opium alkaloids. They were Chinese “ Chee Kut ” cough pills.2 Report No. 603. 2. Persons implicated : Sam Wah Yick Kee, Kwan On Chong Co., and Louie Wah, all of Cleveland; Kwan On Wo Co., and Louie Chen Kai of Hong-Kong ; both Chinese. 3. The pills were found among 338 cases of miscellaneous Chinese goods consigned to Sam W ah Yick Kee, through Louie Wah, head of the importing firm of Kwan On Chong. The goods had been shipped by Louie Chen Kai, manager of the firm of Kwan On Wro. As the pills contained 1 . 8 % of mixed opium alkaloids, they were seized, but the importers were not prosecuted as they made a sworn statement to the effect that the pills were recognised by the Chinese as a standard cough remedy, were sold freely in China and imported frequently into the United States by local Chinese merchants. The importers claimed that they were not aware that the pills contained narcotic drugs.

No. 582. — Seizure at New York on November 9th, 1936. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 4th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Broken poppy capsules: 9 kg. 360 grs. (20 lb. 9% oz.). O.C.S./Conf.152. 2. Person implicated : Wing Wo Chong Hing Kee Co., New York. 1281/388(321). 3. The poppy heads were part of an importation of Chinese Report No. 605. medicines made by the Chinese firm of Wing Wo Chong Hing Kee Co. from Hong-Kong. The merchandise was shipped to the importer from various firms. The poppy heads were submitted to a chemist who reported that they contained a small amount of opium alkaloids. They were segregated from the balance of the shipment and seized, while the admissible portion of the case was delivered. There was no prosecution of the importing firm, since it was apparent that it had no intention of violating the law.

No. 583. — Seizure at San Francisco, California, October 13th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ President Coolidge ”, coming from Yokohama, Kobe, Shanghai and Hong-Kong. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Chinese cough pills : 665 grammes (23.42 oz.). 200 small O.C.S./Conf.l61. bottles of red pills containing 0.1 % anhydrous morphine. The pills 1281/388(327). were “ To Tung ” pills, manufactured by Soo Sui Sang, of Canton. The bottles were marked with Chinese characters in gold and each bottle was Report No. 609. wrapped separately in pink tissue paper on which were printed various Chinese characters and designs. 2. Persons implicated : Bow Tai Wo and Man Wo Cheung ; both Chinese. 3. The pills were found in a shipment of merchandise on board the President Coolidge. To date no criminal action has been taken.

No. 584. — Seizure at San Francisco, October 28th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ President Coolidge ”, coming from the Far East. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 11th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Chinese cough pills : 79. In one small bottle. The pills O.C.S./Conf.151. on analysis were found to contain 0.57 % morphine. They are 1281/388(325). apparently called “ Liang Pei Chih ” cough medicine and are manu­ factured by the firm of Heng An Pieh Kuan, Canton. However, another Report No. 608. label found in the box refers to Pao Tsi “ Cure All ” pills manufactured by Li Chung Sheng Tang Co., Canton. Various labels appeared on the

1 See document C.167.M.103.1936.XI[O.C.S.300], page 40, No. 117. 3 See documents C.309.M.I36.1934.XI[0,C.294(i)], page 19, No. 1163, and O.C.S./Conf.l38. — 41 — outside of the box and bottle, as well as inside the box folded round the bottle. Photographs of these labels are in the archives of the Secretariat. 2. Person implicated : Leong Jew Ying, Chinese merchant in San Francisco. 3. The pills were found among a shipment of merchandise shipped from Hong-Kong and consigned to Leong Jew Ying. The pills were seized, but the importer was not prosecuted.

No. 585. — Seizure at San Francisco, California, November 27th, 1936, ex the s.s. “ President Coolidge ”, coming from Hong-Kong, Shanghai, Kobe and Yokohama. Report communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 25th, 1937. Reference : 1(a). Chinese cough pills : 370 grammes (13.02 oz.). In forty O.C.S./Conf.l63. boxes, each box containing ten wax capsules and each capsule containing 1281/388(329). four pills. The pills contained 0.62 % anhydrous morphine. They were labelled “ Chee Sau Wan Cough Pills, manufactured by Li Chai Hin, Report No. 611. Canton, China ”. 2. Person implicated : Quan May Joong, Chinese passenger on the President Coolidge. 3. The pills were found in the bag of the accused. To date no criminal action has been taken.

No. 586. — Seizure at San Francisco, California, in November 1936. Reports communicated by the Government of the United States of America, January 25th and March 24th, 1937. Reference : 1 (a). Chinese cough pills : 712 grammes (25 oz. 22 grains). O.C.S./Conf.l62. Twenty-three boxes bearing the label of “ Chee Sau Wan ” ; thirty-three 1281/388(328). flasks bearing the label of Dr. Tang Shih Yee ; 223 tubes. The boxes of Chee Sau Wan pills bore in English lettering on the Reports Nos. 610. and 610(a). sides the following remarks : “ Chee Sau Wan Pills, Cough Cure Composed of : R - China root ... 3 grams ; Orange Peel ... 3 grams ; China weed ... 3 grams ; Licorice root ... 2 grams. Cinnabar ... 1 gram. Lee Che Jian, Canton, China”. Inside the boxes wrere cards inscribed with Chinese characters and bearing the following in English : “ Cough Cure, Lichai Hin, Canton, China ”. A label depicting a stork and deer in a circle beneath Chinese characters was found in the tubes of pills. These pills are apparently the product of Su Jui Sheng, Pi Chiang Village (presumably in Kwangtung Province). The label states that the company maintains branches at Canton, Hong-Kong, Singapore and Shanghai. 2. Persons implicated : Chun Wo Tong & Co., Chinese herb store, together with Poon Suey Leong and Samuel Poon, owner and manager of the store ; Choy Jee Tong & Co., Chinese herb store, with Chin Yee Jee and Chan Sam Yuen, owners of the store. These persons are all Chinese. 3. Narcotic Agents, acting on information that certain local Chinese herb stores were openly selling medicinal pills containing morphine, made purchases of the pills from the two above-mentioned companies. They arrested the owners and operators of the stores when chemical analysis disclosed that the pills contained approximately 2.07% anhydrous morphine. The Chee Sau Wan pills are apparently manufactured by Lichai Hin, Canton, China, and the Dr. Tang Shih Yee pills by a firm of that name at Avenue Edward VII, Shanghai, China. The origin of the tubes of cough pills is unknown. A further chemical analysis of the pills is being made. 4. The accused will be prosecuted.

Note. — Seizures of narcotic pills were also made in connection with the following cases, which included seizures of other drugs and which have been summarised under appropriate headings : Cases Nos. 496, 497, 506, 507, under “ Prepared Opium ”, Case No. 518, under “ Morphine ”.

Q u a n t i t i e s o f P i l l s s e i z e d a s r e p o r t e d t o t h e S e c r e t a r i a t :

1936 Heroin pills : Red pills : Chinese cough pills : 181 grammes 1,081 kg. 851 grs. 1 kg. 947 grs. 1,802 (number) 1 1 2 bottles 79 (number) — 42 —

PART III.

AMOUNTS OF THE VARIOUS DRUGS SEIZED IN EACH COUNTRY AS REPORTED IN THE ANNUAL REPORTS FOR 1935 RECEIVED BY THE SECRETARIAT.

Since the publication of the table on pages 38-39 of document G.124.M.77.1937.XI [O.C.8.300(c)], the annual reports for 1935 for Australia and Macao have been received by the Secretariat. The following figures should therefore be added to the table :

Raw Prepared Dross Morphine Cocaine opium opium Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Australia ...... 368 78 700 1 300 193 2 M a c a o ...... 8 80

The Government of the United States of America has also sent in fresh figures as follows: Prepared Raw opium Morphine Heroin Cocaine Indian hemp opium Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. 87 918 358 67 39 726 40 851 4 889 195,812 320 (195 tons 1,787 lb. 4% oz.) thus making for the year 1935 a total of : Raw opium Prepared opium Dross Morphine Heroin Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. 186,971 720 16,608 27 264 149 579 180 700 426

Cocaine Indian hemp Hashish Charas Ganja Dagga Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. 184 166 197,019 353 1,653 694 727 839 1,581 543 194 981

Bhang Manzoul Marihuana cigarettes Narcotic pills Kg. grs. Kg. grs. Kg. grs. 1,002 541 2.1 339 14,383 7 qqo 0 4 and 654,233 pills. QUESTIONNAIRE REFERRING TO PART II

1. Kind and quantity of drugs (a) seizedor (b) involved in the illicit transaction Origin of drugs. Name of manufacturer of drugs : labels, marks, packing, etc.

2. Name of consignor, consignee and addressee, or other persons implicated. Forwarding agents and other persons or firms whose names appear in connection with the case.

3. Additional details.

4. Legal proceeding and penalties. — 43

INDEX TO LOCALITIES

Country and Locality D ale P a g e Country and Locality Dale Page Australia : Egypt (co n t.) : Townsville, Port Said November 27th, 1936 ... 36 Queensland March 3rd, 1935...... 13 November 30th, 1936 ... 36 December 2nd, 1936 .... 37 Austria : December 14th, 1936 . . . 37 December 27th, 1936 ... 7 Feldkirch-Buchs July 21st, 1936 ...... 5 French Colonies : British Colonies : Indo-China : Hong-Kong October 1936 ...... 5, 14 Benthuy-Vinh Third quarter, 1936...... 8 November 1936...... 5, 14 Cao-bang July 18th, 1936 ...... 8 December 29th, 1936 . .. 14 July 1936 ...... 8 Straits Laoday Third quarter, 1936...... 8 Settlements October 1936 ...... 14 Nhatang August 1936 ...... 8 November 1936 ...... 15 Phulang- December 1936 ...... 15 Thuong August 15th, 1936 ...... 8 Between Singa­ Saigon July 1936 ...... 17 pore and September 1936 ...... 9 London December 1936 ...... 16 Than-Hoa September 1936 ...... 9 Tourane July 1936 ...... 9 Bulgaria Vien Tiane September 1936 ...... 9 Nieng-Kouang Third quarter, 1936...... 9 Sofia December 18th, 1935 . . . 2 November 26th. 1936 ... 3 India : Calcutta December 11th, 1936 ... 35 Canada : December 14th, 1936 . .. 35 New Westminster January 27th, 1937 .... 16 December 23rd, 1936 ... 35 Vancouver December 1936 ...... 16 January 24th, 1937 ...... 9 Netherlands : China : Rotterdam January 11th, 1936 ...... 9 Chengchow June 30th, 1936 ...... 38 August 17th, 1936 ...... 38 Commonwealth of the Han Tan October 27th, 1936 ...... 26 Philippines : Hsing Tai August 21st, 1936 ...... 26 Cebu November 6th, 1936 .... 17 September 4th, 1936 .... 26 November 7th, 1936 ... . 17 Loyang July 19th, 1936 ...... 38 Manila December 4th, 1936 .... 17 Pukow December 12th, 1936 ... 26 Shanghai July 22nd, 1936 ...... 27 Portuguese Colonies : August 6 th, 1936 ...... 6 Macao September 1936 ...... 17 October 16th, 1936 ...... 27 October 1936 ...... 18 International November 1936 ...... 18 Settlement October 4th, 1936 ...... 4 October 26th, 1936 ...... 6 Siam : Third quarter, 1936...... 19 October 28th, 1936 ...... 39 Amphur Ban Mae December 27th, 1936 ... 18 November 27th, 1936 ... 4 Amphur Ban December 8 th, 1936 .... 7 Muang, Nan January 16th, 1937 ...... 18 Fourth quarter, 1936 ... 28 Amphur Hangpo, Shunteh June 17th, 1936 ...... 28 Uttaradit January 7th, 1937 ...... 18 Sui Peng May 11th, 1936 ...... 38 Amphur Muang, Ta Chi Men April 5th, 1936...... 27 Lampang November 17th, 1936 ... 18 Tai Yuan September 27th, 1936 ... 28 Amphur Muang, Tientsin July 11th, 1936 ...... 6 Pitsanuloke November 30th, 1936 ... 19 August 1st, 1936 ...... 28 Bangkok May 7th and various da­ August 5th, 1936 ...... 4 tes in July, August and August 23rd, 1936 ...... 6 September 1936 ...... 23 Tientsin-Pukow January 21st, 1937 ...... 19 Railway December 19th, 1936 . .. 6 King Chiengsaen, Yen Cheng August 25th, 1936 ...... 39 Chiengrai November 16th, 1936 ... 19 Cuba : Switzerland : Havana August and December Geneva-Basle 1927-1929 ...... 2 1936 ...... 7 Turkey : Czechoslovakia Bursa March 30th, 1936...... 37 Istanbul 1936 ...... 5 Chomutov May 1936 ...... 31 Taxim, Podevrady July 24th, 1936 ...... 31 Istanbul July 7th, 1936 ...... 23 Prague January 15th, 1936 ...... 32 January 24th, 1936 ...... 32 United States of January 25th, 1936 ...... 32 America : February 18th, 1936 .... 32 Balboa, Canal February 21st, 1936 .... 33 Zone September 29th, 1936 .. . 35 May 19th, 1936 ...... 33 Baltimore, June 2nd, 1936 ...... 33 Maryland November and December October 1936 ...... 33 1936 ...... 29 November 1936 . 31, 34 (2) Boston, December 10th, 1936 . .. 34 Massachusetts November 14th, 1936... 20 1936 ...... 34 December 29th, 1936 ... 20 Usti January 1936 ...... 23 January 17th, 1937 .... 20 Vejperty July 3rd, 1936 ...... 34 Brooklyn, New December 29th, 1936:... 20 York January 12th, 1937 .... 21 Egypt : January 28th, 1937 .... 21 Alexandria December 22nd, 1936 ... 29 Cleveland, Ohio September 28th, 1936 ... 40 January 30th, 1937 ...... 36 Detroit, Michigan December 10th, 1936 ... 29 — 44 —

Country and Locality Date Page Country and Locality Dale Page United States of United States of America (cont.) : America (cont.): Gulfport, Stal­ New York (cont.) Januarv 28th and 29th, ls. January 5th, 1937 ...... 21 1937 30 Jersey City, Nogales, New Jersey September 5th and 6 th, Arizona October 2nd, 1936 ...... 24 1936 ...... 23 October 13th, 1936 ...... 36 Louisville, Portland, Oregon December 2nd, 1936 .... 24 Kentucky October 23rd, 1936 ...... 29 San Antonio, Marysville, Texas December 5th, 1936 .... 31 California December 6 th, 1936 .... 22 San Francisco, New York October 6 th, 1936 ...... 35 California October 12th, 1936 ...... 25 October 6 th, 13th and October 13th, 1936 ...... 40 29th, 1936 ...... 10 October 28th, 1936 ...... 40 November 2nd and 9th, November 27th, 1936 ... 41 1936 ...... 10 November 1936 ...... 41 November 9th, 1936 .... 40 SsattlG November 28th, 1936 ... 22 Washington February 12th, 1937 .... 22 November and December Sharpsburg, 1936 29, 30 Pennsylvania December 12th, 1936 . .. 13 January 8 th, 1937 ...... 13 Stephenville September 21st, 1936 ... 25 January 15th, 1937 ...... 30 Honolulu, Hawaii November 8 th, 1936 .... 22

INDEX TO PERSONS, FIRMS, ETC.

N a m s P ages N a m s P ages N a m s Pages k A & B Monopoly B.M. » Chung Wo Tong & Co., San H a ru d a ...... 28 m a r k ...... 13 Francisco...... 41 Haybach, Ervin ...... 39 Abou Marouf...... 24 C lovis...... 5 Helich, Dr. Charles . . . 31 Albrecht, Rodolphe . . . 32, 34 « Cock & Elephant (Lam Hennan Y ee...... 20 Allee, Abdulla Jan . 36 Kee, Macao) mark 21, 22 (3) Herrmann, Joseph ...... 39 Altmann, Nathan 2 Cordelliano...... 24 Hin, Jo h n ...... 2.0 Anwar ...... 36 Corrigan, G eorge...... 29 Hing D o n ...... 20 Crowley, James J ...... 13 Hirano, Shigeyaki ...... 28 Baierl, Rodolphe .. . 39 Cueto, P e d ro ...... 24 Ho Cheng ...... 17 Beland, Charles 30 Cuneo, Jo h n ...... 30 Ho P a t ...... 17 Renes Zdenek ...... 31, 32, 33 Hoffmann La Roche, Basle. . 35 Bezdek, Ladislas .. . 32 Demison, Jean ...... 3 Horn Fook D ing ...... 20 39 Detcheff, Detcho H ...... ‘-S Ichim ori...... 28 Blumentrit, Vaclav 32 Diepenhorst, Dr...... 2 Okeda, Susumi...... 27 Boku Gin K yo ...... 28 Dimitroff, Boris...... 3 Imacher, Georges...... 10 Boku Jun Bun ...... 28 Dimitroff, Janko P ...... 3 Ip Fang ...... 18 Bouige, Leonie...... 10 Djaza, Khodre...... 24 “ Isili Egypt Co., Kobe ’ Bow Tai Wo ...... 40 Dominick, Henri...... 10 V ie n n a ...... 2 Braun, François . . . 34 Douglas, L aw rence...... 13 Iun I o c ...... 17, 18 Brejsa, Emanuel ... 33 Douras, Stamati L ...... 29 10 Drogueria “ Buenos Aires ” “ Janko ” ...... 5 Bolivia ...... 35 Japan Pharmaceutical Calosridis, Mihail . . 5 Establishment, Osaka . . . 25 Cannakis. Gabriel Andreas . 29 “ Eagle ” brand ...... 35 Jaza Khaled ...... 24 30 Efstatios, Rizo N...... 99 Jedlicka, Guillaume ...... 32 Chan Cheong ...... 18 “ Elephant ” b r a n d ...... 16 Juliau, Pierre...... 10 Chan C h i ...... 23 Emmerson, George W ...... 29 Chan Foe ...... 18 Emmerson, Mrs. R ...... 29 Kai, Louie Chen ...... 40 Chan Fun ...... 18 Epps, R e e d y ...... 25 Kalothycos, Kyriacou . . . .. 36 Chan Sam Yuen . . . 41 Escobia, Ambrosia...... 17 Kan Kei Shei...... 28 Chan S ie c ...... 18 Evans, W illiam ...... 29 Kao Kwang T ui ...... 26 Chan Y i n ...... 13 Kauf, François...... 39 « Chee K ut » Cough Pills .. . 40 Fiala, Gustave ...... 33 Kawaguchi, Keijiro . . . 27 « Chee Sau Wan > Cough “ Four Brothers ” Society, Kawahara, Masao...... 28 Pills ...... ___ 41 (*) Portland, Oregon ...... 25 Keijiro, Kawaguchi . . . 27 Chen Kai, Louie . . 40 Freedman, H arry ...... 10 Kelly, Lyle D ...... 24 Chen Yee Shun 21 Freedman, Helen ...... 10 Khaled Jaza ...... 24 Cheong S i ...... 18 Friedmann, Eschua ...... 3 Khodre Djaza ...... 24 Cheung S h u i ...... 21 “ Fujitsuru ” brand 2 . . . 35 (2 ) Kim Kei K oku ...... 28 Chi In Y o ...... 28 Fukishima...... 6 Kim Mu S e i...... 28 Chi So K o ...... 28 Fukuyu Laboratory, Japan 5 Kim Shun Taku ...... 28 Chiang Tsan Yuan 26 Fung Chai...... 16 Kim Teu U n ...... 28 Chin Man Chau 17 Kim Tstsu S en ...... 28 Chin Yee Je e ...... 41 Gee C hong...... 20 Kin Ei Y u ...... 28 Chin Y e n g ...... 20 Gen To S h in ...... 28 Kin Kahu Kei...... 28 Chin Y o u ...... 2 0 Georgeton, Margaret ...... 1 0 Kin Ko B i n ...... 28 Ching, H arry ...... 2 0 Glatz, Silvio ...... 24 Kin Sho Shoku ...... 28 Ching P o n g ...... 20 Graf, H o w a rd ...... 31 Kin Tetsu G en ...... 28 18 Grant, Howard ...... 31 . 28 18 Gray, L. G...... 2 2 . 28 Chou Choc ...... 18 King, L. P ...... 25 Chov Yee Tong & Co., San Habib R a h m a n ...... 36 King Sih C h e ...... 28 41 “ Hadji Ali Baba ” label 29, 31 Kiparis Nicoli ...... 37 9.9, Harley’s Key S h o p ...... 99 . 23 26 Harris, Charles...... 10 39 C h u jo ...... 28 Harris, H. B...... 25 Knodo...... 4 — 45 —

N am e P age N a m e P a g e N a m e Page Ko Mei S h u k u ...... 28 McAvoy, Charles ...... 29 Saul, Morris ...... jg Kosnar, Pierre...... 34 Meder, Fritz...... 10 Schatz, Frances ...... , jq Kramer, B en ...... 29 Medina, Enrique ...... 36 Schatz, Morris ...... " jq Krehlik, Z d e n e k ...... 34 “ Meker ” ...... 35 Scherler, Guillermo M. . ! ". ! 2 Kristufek, Frederic ...... 33 Metzendorf, Regina ...... 2 Schneider, Joseph ! ’ . 32 Kulhânek, Rodolphe 34 Milo va ...... '...... 5 Schreier, Antoine " ^ ' 34 Kung Mei T s a n ...... 39 Miller, M a rtin ...... 30 Setrakian, Takvor...... \\ 3 Kutscher, J e a n ...... 34 Mitrovsky, Oldrich ...... 23 S h im a ...... ’ g Kwan On Chong Co., Mlejnek, François...... 32 Sic V a ...... ig Cleveland...... 40 Monnier, Henriette...... 10 Sié T o n g ...... !!!!!!! 18 Kwan On Wo Co, Hong M o to d a...... 38 Skala, Joseph ...... 33 Kong ...... 40 Motoyoshi, G unji...... 28 Smith, Kurt...... " o “ Keong Tung Pagoda ” Mucha, J o s e p h ...... 32 So Se Do ...... 28 m a r k ...... 5 M u k a i...... 4 Soo H o o ...... 20 Kya Shi K o n ...... 28 Müller, Dr. F r itz ...... 2 Soo Hoo, G eorge...... 20 Kyo Chi G o ...... 28 M u ray am a...... 26 Soo Sui Sang, Canton 40 Kyo I C h in g ...... 28 Musil, Joseph...... 39 Soutor, Charles...... 31 Kyo Kei L ieu ...... 28 Sprung, M ax ...... ! ] 30 Nagl, Antoine ...... 39 Stadens, Stado ...... 10 Lai Hi ...... 35 Nai C h u e n ...... 19 Stanko, E m ile ...... 32 Lai Pan ...... 18 Nai Gum ...... 19 Stanzel, François ...... 39 Lai Sui T e n g ...... 17 Nai P u n ...... 19 Stefano, Pierre ...... 10 “ Lam Kee Macao ” mark 20, 22 Nai Sook ...... 18 Stickor, Rodolphe ...... 39 Lam Sim T o n g ...... 17 Nai T a ...... 19 Stoll, Charles ...... 33 Lam T e n g ...... 18 Nai Tan Si N g ia k ...... 19 “ Stork & Pine Tree ” mark 7 Lambreff, Lambri K ...... 3 N ak a jim a...... 4 Sugano, Masao ...... 28 Lao Ha M o u ...... 7 Nana Maeh ...... 37 Sun Hsueh-ting...... 26 Larras, George Emmanuel . 29 Neanay, Hussein E l ...... 2 Suzuki...... 38 Lau H e i ...... 17 Nemecek, Charles...... 34 Sezuura, Ryusaku...... 28 Lau O n ...... 18 Ng C hung...... 21 Swartz. C. T...... 24 Lee, J i m ...... 20 Ngai Y a n ...... 18 Swartz, Leslie...... 24 Lee K w o n g ...... 20 Nicolaidi, Caliopi...... 5 Lee Sai N e u ...... 4 N a u d a ...... 39 Lee T o n g ...... 20 Nye Tsang S z ...... 39 Ta Hon H a n ...... 7 Lee W ong...... 20 Tam A S e i...... 17 Lei l o n g ...... 17 Tam Choi ...... lg Lei Man V eng ...... 18 Oikawa ...... 6 Tam F o n g ...... 17 Lei U n g ...... 18 Olsen, O la f...... 10 Tam H o n g ...... 18 Lenhard, F ra n ç o is...... 39 O’Rourke, Jam es ...... 30 Tam T ac...... 18 Leong Hang ...... 18 Tamara Handeslgesellschaft, Leong Jew K ing ...... 41 “ Pao Tsi (Sure ALL) ” pills 40 H am b u rg ...... 13 Leong Quin Chui...... 17 Parizkova, A nna ...... 33 Tan, Felipe Diacson ...... 17 Leong S a n g ...... 18 Pecanka, Vaclav...... 33, 34 Tang Shih Yee, Dr. ... 23, 41 Leong T ai...... 17 Pefcopoulos, Alexandre .... 5 Tashiro, 1...... 28 Leong W in g ...... 22 Peretti, Jean-Baptiste 10 Tchan Sai S o u ...... 17 Leplanquais, D olly ...... 10 Ping An Transporting Co. .. 4 Tcheong Tchan ...... 18 Levine, S a m u e l...... 30 Piperevsky, Nicolas P 3 Tchoutcheff, Peter ...... 3 Li Chai Hin, C anton...... 41 Plachtzik, Reinhard ...... 40 Tei In Fuku ...... 28 Li Chung Sheng Tang Co., Plicka, Jaroslav ...... 33 Tei Ki D o...... 28 C a n to n ...... 41 Polanska, M arie ...... 34 Tei Koku I c h i...... 28 Li H e -lu ...... 27 Politis, George C...... 29 Tei San Sei...... 28 Li I ru ...... 28 Poncet, H enri...... 10 Tei Shei Kan ...... 28 Li Kan K y u ...... 28 Poon, Samuel ...... 41 Terada, Takani...... 28 Li Kei Yoh ...... 28 Poon Suey L o n g ...... 41 Thiele, Edouard ...... 34 Li Ko T e i...... 28 Prince Wilton Wilkinson ... 35 “ Three Lions ” mark 17 Li Ren Z a n ...... 28 Prospery, V ic to r...... 5 “ Tiger ” B r a n d ...... 35 Li Sei E i ...... 28 Pum Ca'i S e n g ...... 18 “ To Tuug ” Cough Pills ... 40 Li Sho B an ...... 28 Todoroff, Todor N...... 3 Li Sho Z i n ...... 28 T okiw aza...... 6 Li To Gyoku ...... 28 Quan May Joong ...... 41 Tong Hen ...... 18 Li Toku Liang ...... 28 Quietonovâ, M arie ...... 33 T o rik ai...... 38 Li Y u y u n g ...... 4 Tou V a i ...... 18 Lim J u ...... 22 Radeff, Todor Ivanoff 3 Toyoshugi, Sugitaro ...... 28 Lim-pak-cane ...... 23 Rahman, H abib ...... 36 Tsang B o o t ...... 13 Lim Y uen...... 23 Rauch, Dr. Hubert ...... 2 Tsang Kung Ling ...... 4 Lin Shun B a i...... 28 Ravoulisheff ...... 38 Tsen Siao H a i ...... 7 Ling S e w ...... 9 “ Red Lion ” mark 14, 15 (2), 17 Tseu Yeu Ling ...... 7 “ Lion ” brand ...... 17 “ Red Lion, Lion & Globe ” Tsunoda .. . . 7 ...... 4 “ Lion & Globe ” brand ... 16 m a rk ...... 14 (3) Lo Buono, G a b rie l...... 24 Re Ei Rin ...... 28 Ung 1...... 18 “ Lo Fuk Kee ” mark 16 Rio, Alexandre P.M...... 30 Lo Mam Fong ...... 17 Rogers, Joseph C...... 30 Lôffler, A d o lp h e...... 31 R o p in ...... 23 Vafnadis, Kleovoulos ...... 5 Low S a m ...... 20 Roques, Ferdinand .... 23, 36 Valianatos, Gerassimo 36 Loy C h a m ...... 21 Russel, Jester ...... 29 Vaphiades, Kleovoulos 5 Lum, F ra n k ...... 16 Russo, S a m ...... 29 Varon, Meyer Nessim ...... 3 Rutherford, Leslie Robert . 29 Vita, Arthur d e ...... 29 Ma Chun...... 21 Ryu Dai Fuku ...... 28 Vitale, Salvatore...... 29 Mac T im ...... 18 Ryu In Ko ...... 28 Vitale, S am ...... 29 Macris, Alexandre Argyris. . 29 Ryu Yui Ko ...... 28 Volkan, Joseph ...... 32, 34 Macris, Petro A rgyris 29 Vondras, H e n ri...... 31 Mah P oy...... 16 Vong Foo ...... 18 Mahmoud Zaki El Mahdi . . 37 Saburo, W atanabe ...... 4 Vong lo ...... 18 Makler, H a n a n i...... 34 “ Sadie ” ...... 10 Vong Pat Ku ...... 17 Man Wo C heun g...... 40 Sai Ho K y o ...... 28 Vong San ...... 18 (2) Mancuso, S a lv a to re ...... 10 Sai Suo L ing ...... 28 Vong S e n g ...... 17 Mancuso, Serafino...... 10 Sai Zun K i ...... 28 Vopickovâ, Em ilie ...... 32 Marani, N in o ...... 5 Sakhashi ...... 4 V o ro n ...... 38 Mariano ...... 5 Sam, Pierre ...... 10 Matsumoto ...... 4 Sam W ah Yick K e e ...... 40 Matsumara ...... 4 San Gabriel Wine Co., New Wah, L o u is ...... 40 M atsuy am a...... 4 York ...... 24, 25 Walker, Johnnie ...... 25 Mayer^ Eschua ...... 3 Satake...... 38 Walter, H ...... 23 — 46 —

N a m e P age N a m e P age N a m e p age Walter, Louis ...... 31 Woo Ching-shu...... 27 Yen, J o h n ...... 20 W ang Y a o -T su ...... 4 Woo Tuh M in g ...... 39 “ Yick Kee ” mark ... 16, 21 W atanab e...... 4 Wou Sho S h u n ...... 28 Ying K e e ...... 20 Weigelt, Frederic ...... 34 Wu Ten Fukee ...... 28 Yu Te Chong...... 17 Weiss, Adolphe...... 32 Yung Kee, Yunnan ...... Wing Wo Chong Hung Kee Yan W a ...... 13 Co., New Y o r k ...... 40 Yang C hieh-hsuan...... 39 Zaki El Mahdi Mahmoud . . 37 Wong Ko Zen ...... 28 Yano, S...... 28 Zau Kyo Chin ...... 28 Wong Kung Ling ...... 7 Y aw afi...... 24 Zau Shou K o ...... 28 Wong Lih ...... 7 Yee C ooey...... 13 Zion, Eshua Ben Menachem 3 Wong C h u e n ...... 21 Yee Sing ...... 25 Zung Tsu Zai ...... 4 Wong Wo ...... 20 Yee W a h ...... 20 Zung Yah Kee, Nantao ... 7