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An Industrial Ecology Approach to On-Site Waste Management Planning at the Forks Market

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An Industrial Ecology Approach to On-Site Waste Management Planning at the Forks Market AN INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY APPROACH TO ON-SITE WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANNING AT THE FORKS MARKET Andrew D. Wallace A Practicum Subrnitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of City Planning Department of City Planning Faculty of Architecture University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada National tibmry Bibliothèque nationale I*m ofCanada du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services seMces bibliographiques 395 Wdiiion Street 395. nre Welliigton OttawaON KlAW OaawaON K1AON4 canada canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant a la National Lhrary of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur fonnat électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts from it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otheMnse de celle-ci ne doivent êeimprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son ~ermission- THE UNIVERSITY OF hIAMTOBA FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES ***** COPYRIGHT PERMISSION PAGE AH InDUSTIUBL ECOLOGY APPROACH TO OH-SITE WASTE MBHLPGEElENT PLâlUKïHG AT THE PO- MUMET A TtiesidPracticum submitted to the Facalty of Graduate Studies of The University of ~Manitobain partial fuifïïent of the requirernents of the degree of HBSTER OF CITY PLANNING Permission has ben granted to the Library of The University of Manitoba to lend or sel1 copies of this thesWptacticum, to the Nationa! Library of Canada to microfdm tbis thesis and to lend or seii copies of the film, and to Dissertations Abstracts International to publish an abstract of this thesidpracticum. The author reserves other pubiication righhtr, and neither this thesis/practicum nor extensive extracts from it may be printed or othemise reproduced without the author's wri tten permission. ABSTRACT What can be done with 500 tonnes of organic waste penerated annually at The Forks Market? Waste management is an integral part of any development. Organic waste is a product at The Forks that is currently discarded. This material can and should be rewd on-site. New technologies and methods must be incorporated into future planning and development at The Forks and the principles of industrial ecology Fully incorporated. This study has two objectives. The first is to identify alternative composting technologies that could be used for oqanic waste management at The Forks as an integrd part of a Market garden project. as put forward in The Forks North Portage P~artnership's Business Plan (October 1996). The second is to present an organic waste management plan and implementation strategy suitable for incorporation into current waste management systems at The Forks. Results of this study identiQ that seventy percent of the waste Stream is compostable. In 199Y96. disposa1 of this materials in city owned land fil1 sites cost the Partnership in excess of $50.000 in collection and disposa1 fees. Study results also indicate that an in-vesse1 composting system best fit needs at The Forks. Finally. the results suggest that comprehensive source separation programs are key to the success of on-site composting . It is recommended that the Partnership take the following actions: 1. adopt a source separation program and appoint a coordinator to monitor and maintain it; .. 11 introduce an in-vesse1 composting system and purchase the fùlly enclosed flow-through equipment required: iii incorporate the concepts of industrial ecology and ecological design into the Planning and Deveh~menfGuidelines: iv set aside sufficient hdsfor capital costs and further research to build upon the available base of knowledge and track operational costs: v capitalize on current economic. environmental and educational incentives. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1 would like to thank the Cornmittee: Dr. Mary-Ellen Tyler. Elizabeth Sweatman and David Stones. for the guidance they have provided throughout this practicum. I also extend thanks to al1 those individuals and groups who shared their knowledge and expertise with me. It would not have been possible to complete this practicum without access to that body of information. 1 must acknowledge the staff of The Forks North Portage Partnrrship. 1 am indebted to them for their patience and understanding as 1 journeyed through this learning experience. 1 especially thank Marilyn Williams for her suppon. patience . breakfasts and editing skills: and Dorothy Ridd for her unflagging encouragement and medical advice: and my parents and rxtended family for a lifetime of guidance and support. To everyone. 1 apologize for taking so long. iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Present Development at The Forks Page 11 Figure 2 The Forks North Portage Partnership - Mandate Areas Page 13 Figure 3 Recommended Development at The Forks Page 32 Figure 4 Proposed Location of Recommcnded Composting System at The Forks Market Page 84 3-13 Actively Aerated Static Piles ............................ 5 1 3.1.4 In-Vesse1 Composting .Charnels ........................ 52 3.1.5 In-Vesse1 Composting .Containers ....................... 53 3.1.6 In-Vesse1 Composting .Tunnels .........................54 3.1.7 Anaerobic Conversion Systems ......................... -54 .. 3.1.8 Vemicomposting ..................................... 33 3.2 Comparison of Composting Techniques ........................ -56 3.3 Surnmary ................................................. 58 Chapter Four ROLE & ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPOSTWG F.4CILITIES .......... -60 4.0 Introduction .............................................. -60 4.1 Wasted Again ............................................. -60 4.2 Municipal Solid Waste Management Strategies ................... 62 4.3 Strategies For Handling Municipal Solid Waste ................... 63 4.3.1 Sanitary Landfills ..................................... 63 4-32 Mass Burning ........................................ 64 4.3.3 Materials Collection. Separation and Recycling ............. 64 4.3.4 Composting ........................................ -65 4.4. Roles and Benefits of Composting .............................66 4.5 Government Jurisdiction ..................................... 70 45.1 Federal Jurisdiction ................................... 70 4.5.2 Provincial Jurisdiction .................................70 4.53 Municipal Jurisdiction ................................ -70 4.6 Compost Quality Standards .................................. -71 4.7 Summary ................................................. 71 C hapter Five IMPLEMENTING COMPOSTING AT THE FORKS .................... 73 5.0 Introduction ............................................... 73 5.1 Planning Process ........................................... 73 5.2 Education ................................................ -75 5.3 Composting Technology ..................................... 77 5.4 Design and Location ........................................81 5 Surnmary ................................................. 85 C hapter Six CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................... 86 6.0 Introduction ............................................... 86 6.1 Surnrnq ................................................. 86 6.2 Conclusions .............................................. -89 6.3 Recommendations ......................................... -90 6.4 Opportunities for Further Study ............................... -91 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................... 93 PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS . 10 1 Appendices A. The Forks Waste Audit data. Fa11 1995 B. National Survey of Composting Opentions in Canada C. Guidelines for Compost Quality D. Quick Service Restaurant Council Source Separation Program E. On-site mid-scale compostincg An Indusrrial Ecology Approach to On-site Wasre Management Planning at The Forks XInrket Andrew D. Wallace April. 1998 Page 1 Chapter One INTRODUCTION 1.0 Background and Context The Forks is a 56 acre site in the heart of downtown Winnipeg. located at the junction of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers. The site is bounded by the Assiniboine River and Red Rivers on the south. the Red River on the east. and the CN High Line (main line) and some City owned properties on the West and north. The Forks Renewal Corporation was established in 1987 by the Municipal. Provincial and Federal governments to omand redevelop the land at the junction of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers and the adjacent East Yards on their behalf. Through public consultation the Board of The Forks Renewal Corporation concluded that the site should be redeveloped as a special and distinct public gathering place that adds to the quality of life in the region. The terms of this renewal and the unique tripartite agreement were put forward in the Phase I Conce~tand Financial Plan, An Indusrriil Ecology ~~~roachro On-sire Wnste Minngemenr Planning ar The Forks hhrker hdretv D. Wallace April. 1998 Page 2 The current waste management system at The Forks resembles what Hardin Tibbs refers to as the "industrial system". which he States is "...less a system than a collection of linear flows - drawing materials and fossil energy fiom nature. processing them for economic value. and dumping the residue
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