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Understanding and Optimising Vertical and Horizontal Force Production for Performance in Team Sport Athletes

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Understanding and Optimising Vertical and Horizontal Force Production for Performance in Team Sport Athletes Understanding and Optimising Vertical and Horizontal Force Production for Performance in Team Sport Athletes Caleb William Dobbs A Thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in fulfillment of the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY 2015 Primary Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Nicholas Gill Secondary Supervisor: Prof. Michael McGuigan Associate Supervisor: Dr. Daniel Smart Sports Performance and Research Institute New Zealand AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ATTESTATION OF AUTHORSHIP ......................................................................................... 6 DEDICATION ............................................................................................................................ 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................ 8 LIST OF CO-AUTHORED PUBLICATIONS .......................................................................... 9 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... 10 LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................... 11 ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. 13 CHAPTER 1 ....................................................................................................... 16 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 16 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................. 16 1.2 Research Aims ............................................................................................................ 22 1.3 Significance of Thesis ................................................................................................ 23 1.4 Thesis Organisation .................................................................................................... 25 Figure 1.1: Thesis Organisation ......................................................................................... 26 2 CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................... 27 LITERATURE REVIEW: UNDERSTANDING VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL JUMP TESTS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO FUNCTIONAL PERFORMANCE.................... 27 2.1.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 27 2.1.2 Factors contributing to power in vivo ................................................................. 29 2.1.3 Vertical jump tests of power ............................................................................... 33 2.1.4 Horizontal jump tests of power ........................................................................... 37 2.1.5 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 41 2.2 SHORT TERM ENHANCEMENT............................................................................ 42 2.2.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 42 2.2.2 Acute effects of STE ........................................................................................... 44 2.2.3 Chronic Effects of Short Term Enhancement ..................................................... 48 2.2.4 Effects of Short Term Enhancement on Jump Performance ............................... 51 2.2.5 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 53 2 3 CHAPTER 3 ................................................................................................... 54 RELIABILITY OF VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL POWER PROFILING IN WELL TRAINED RUGBY PLAYERS ............................................................................................... 54 3.1 Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 54 3.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 55 3.3 Methods ...................................................................................................................... 57 3.3.1 Subjects ............................................................................................................... 57 3.3.2 Design.................................................................................................................. 58 3.3.3 Methodology ....................................................................................................... 58 3.3.4 Statistical Analysis .............................................................................................. 61 3.4 Results ........................................................................................................................ 62 3.5 Discussion ................................................................................................................... 66 3.6 Practical Application .................................................................................................. 68 3.7 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 69 4 CHAPTER 4 ................................................................................................... 70 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL JUMP VARIABLES AND MUSCULAR PERFORMANCE IN ATHLETES .................................................................... 70 4.1 Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 70 4.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 71 4.3 Methods ...................................................................................................................... 74 4.3.1 Experimental Approach to the Problem .............................................................. 74 4.3.2 Subjects ............................................................................................................... 74 4.3.3 Procedures ........................................................................................................... 75 4.3.4 Statistical Analysis .............................................................................................. 78 4.4 Results ........................................................................................................................ 78 4.5 Discussion ................................................................................................................... 86 4.6 Practical Applications ................................................................................................. 90 3 5 CHAPTER 5 ................................................................................................... 92 THE ACUTE EFFECT OF SHORT TERM ENHANCEMENT COUNTERMOVEMENT AND DROP JUMP PERFORMANCE ..................................................................................... 92 5.1 Abstract ....................................................................................................................... 92 5.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 93 5.3 Methods ...................................................................................................................... 95 5.3.1 Subjects ............................................................................................................... 95 5.3.2 Procedures ........................................................................................................... 96 5.3.3 Statistical Analysis .............................................................................................. 99 5.4 Results ........................................................................................................................ 99 5.5 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 103 5.6 Conclusion ................................................................................................................ 105 5.7 Practical Application ................................................................................................ 106 6 CHAPTER 6 .................................................................................................. 107 PERFORMANCE EFFECT OF SHORT TERM ENHANCEMENT THROUGH CONTRAST TRAINING ON HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE .................... 107 6.1 Abstract ..................................................................................................................... 107 6.2 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 108 6.3 Methods .................................................................................................................... 111 6.3.1 Experimental Approach to the Problem ............................................................ 111 6.3.2 Subjects ............................................................................................................
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