DOCSLIB.ORG

Extended Abstracts

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Extended Abstracts CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge Extended Abstracts Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 ISBN: 0-9810595-8 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge 2 Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge Extended Abstracts 19-22 August 2018 Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Editors: Ricardo L. Silva, David E. Brown, and Paul J. Post ISBN: 0-9810595-8 Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 3 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge 4 Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge Sponsors The organizers of the Conjugate Margins Conference sincerely thank our sponsors, partners, and supporters who contributed financially and/or in-kind to the Conference’s success. Diamond $15,000+ Platinum $10,000 – $14,999 Gold $6,000 – $9,999 and In-Kind Bronze $2,000 – $3,999 and In-Kind Patrons and Supporters $1,000 – $1,999 and In-Kind Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 5 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge 6 Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge Halifax 2018 Organization Organizing Committee David E. Brown – Co-Chair Paul J. Post – Co-Chair Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy and Management Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada New Orleans, Louisiana, USA Ricardo L. Silva – Co-Chair Grant D. Wach – Co-Chair Dalhousie University Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Natasha Morrison – Conference Agent Trudy Lewis – Conference Agent Nova Scotia Department of Energy Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Technical Session Co-Chairs Erin Gillis Alex Ashley Nalcor Energy Limited Jonathan Redfern CGG Robertson St. John’s, NL, Canada Manchester University Llandudno, United Kingdom Manchester, United Kingdom Colin J. Grant John Cody Shell International Ltd. Karyna Rodriguez Equinor Canada Ltd. London, United Kingdom Spectrum Calgary, AB, Canada Woking, United Kingdom Stephen Hesselbo Lynn T. Dafoe University of Exeter Francky Saint-Ange Geological Survey of Canada- Penryn, United Kingdom Beicip Franlab Atlantic/Natural Resources Canada Rueil Malmaison, Paris, France Dartmouth, NS, Canada Ka Wai Helen Lau Dalhousie University Holly Stein Ian Davison Halifax, NS, Canada Colorado State University Earthmoves Limited Fort Collins, CO, USA Camberley, United Kingdom Adam MacDonald University of Oslo Nova Scotia Department of Energy Oslo, Norway Mark E. Deptuck Halifax, NS, Canada Canada-Nova Scotia Offshore Christopher S. Swezey Petroleum Board Gianreto Manatschal U.S. Geological Survey Halifax, NS, Canada Université de Strasbourg Reston, Virginia, USA Strasbourg, France Rob Forkner Shane Tyrrell Equinor Research and Technology Georgia Pe-Piper National University of Ireland Austin, TX, USA Saint Mary’s University Galway, Ireland Halifax, NS, Canada Martin Fowler J. Kim Welford APT Canada Paul J. Post Memorial University Calgary, AB, Canada U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy St. John’s, NL, Canada Management New Orleans, LA, USA Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 7 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge 8 Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements and Thanks ........................................................................................................................................... 11 ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Program and Schedule of Events ......................................................................................................................................... 18 Extended Abstracts ................................................................................................................................................................ 20 AFENZAR, A., and ESSAMOUD, R. - Early Mesozoic detrital and evaporitic synrift series of Mohammedia-Benslimane- ElGara-Berrechid basin (Western Meseta, Morocco): Sedimentary and palaeoenvironmental evolution and comparison with the basins of the Northeastern American Margin ........................................................................................................ 22 BARARANO, M., FAIRY, B., MARTIN, J. RILEY, D., and PEARCE, T. - Chemostratigraphy and sedimentary provenance analysis for the Jeanne d’Arc and Flemish Pass basins, Grand Banks, East Coast Canada ............................. 30 BERNAL, A., RAINER, T., NOVOS, E., and SØDERSTRØM, B. - Structural Style and Fault Evolution in the Greater Bay du Nord Area, Flemish Pass Basin, Offshore Newfoundland ...................................................................................... 36 CAMPBELL, T.J., WACH, G.D., RICHARDS, F.W., and SILVA, R.L. - Seismic stratigraphy and architecture of the Jurassic Abenaki margin, and potential for distal organic-rich facies ................................................................................. 46 CASACÃO, J., FERNANDES, S., SILVA, F., and ROCHA, J. - Frontier exploration in the Peniche Basin (West Iberia Margin): New insights from recent 3D seismic and Grav-Mag modeling ........................................................................... 58 CERVANTES, P., WHITEHOUSE, P., GROW, T., LOUREIRO, P., and FITZSIMMONS, R. - Early Rift Architecture and the Creation of Accommodation Space: Insights from the Nova Scotia Margin, Atlantic Canada .............................. 64 COSTANZO, A., HUNT, J., FEELY, M., WILTON, D.H., and NORRIS, D. - Hydrocarbon and aqueous fluid inclusion signatures in well cuttings from Newfoundland and Labrador offshore basins ................................................................... 66 DECALF, C.C., BONDURANT, C.H., and BUNTING, P. - Salt Sediment interaction in the Central Basin of the Nova Scotia Passive Margin, Offshore Eastern Canada. ............................................................................................................... 74 ELIUK, L.S. - A Continental-scale Delta’s Effect on the North End of a Jurassic-Cretaceous Gigaplatform: The Abenaki Carbonate-Sable Delta Study a Decade or so Later, Offshore Nova Scotia ........................................................................ 80 FORKNER, R., FILDANI, A., ETTINGER, N., and MOLDOWAN, J.M. - Multiple Jurassic Source Intervals in the Subsurface of Offshore Nova Scotia ................................................................................................................................ 92 HANRAHAN, M., ENGLISH, K., ARMSTRONG, J.P., and ATKINSON, I. - The Results of a Major Source Rocks and Oils Study of the North Atlantic Conjugate Margin with a Focus on Offshore Ireland .................................................... 102 KELLY, T.B., and WACH, G.D. - 3D Seismic Geomorphology of Paralic Channel Complexes, Sable Subbasin, Offshore Nova Scotia ...................................................................................................................................................... 108 MACDOUGALL, M.D.J., BRAUN, A., and FOTOPOULOS, G. - Investigating the presence of boudinage structures offshore Newfoundland using geophysical data ................................................................................................................ 118 MARTYNS-YELLOWE, K.T., RICHARDS, F.W., WACH, G.D., and WATSON, N. - Investigating the role of crestal faulting on hydrocarbon accumulation and migration in rollover anticlinal traps of the ancient Sable Delta Offshore Nova Scotia - Insights from the Migrant Structure and implication for rollover structures in the Sable-Subbasin .................... 126 MORRISON, N.M., SILVA, R.L., RICHARDS, F.W., and WACH, G.D. - Seismic Inversion and Source Rock Evaluation on Jurassic Organic Rich Intervals in the Scotian Basin, Nova Scotia .................................................... 134 PICHOT, T., LE GUERROUÉ, E., FILLEAUDEAU, P.-Y., and MICARELLI, L. - Newfoundland Orphan basin: structural key elements for the Northeast Atlantic opening ......................................................................................... 144 ROWAN, M.G. - Enigmatic aspects of the early history of the southern Gulf of Mexico margin .................................... 156 Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 19–22, 2018 9 CONJUGATE MARGINS CONFERENCE 2018 Celebrating 10 years of the CMC: Pushing the Boundaries of Knowledge SCOTT, A., SCHWARTZ, S., VAN LANEN, X.M.T., MARTINIUS, A.W., and MACEACHERN, J.A. - Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Depositional Systems and Sequences, Flemish
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Imaging Through Gas Clouds: a Case History in the Gulf of Mexico S
    Imaging Through Gas Clouds: A Case History In The Gulf Of Mexico S. Knapp1, N. Payne1, and T. Johns2, Seitel Data1, Houston, Texas: WesternGeco2, Houston, Texas Summary Results from the worlds largest 3D four component OBC seismic survey will be presented. Located in the West Cameron area, offshore Gulf of Mexico, the survey operation totaled over 1000 square kilometers and covered more than 46 OCS blocks. The area contains numerous gas invaded zones and shallow gas anomalies that disturb the image on conventional 3D seismic, which only records compressional data. Converted shear wave data allows images to be obtained that are unobstructed by the gas and/or fluids. This reduces the risk for interpretation and subsequent appraisal and development drilling in complex areas which are clearly petroleum rich. In addition, rock properties can be uniquely determined from the compressional and shear data, allowing for improved reservoir characterization and lithologic prediction. Data acquisition and processing of multicomponent 3D datasets involves both similarities and differences when compared to conventional techniques. Processing for the compressional data is the same as for a conventional OBC survey, however, asymmetric raypaths for the converted waves and the resultant effects on fold-offset-azimuth distribution, binning and velocity determination require radically different processing methodologies. These issues together with methods for determining the optimal parameters of the Vp/Vs ratio (γ) will be discussed. Finally, images from both the compressional (P and Z components summed) and converted shear waves will be shown to illuminate details that were not present on previous 3D datasets. Introduction Multicomponent 3D surveys have become one of the leading areas where state of the art technology is being applied to areas where the exploitation potential has not been fulfilled due to difficulties in obtaining an interpretable seismic image (MacLeod et al 1999, Rognoe et al 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Seismic Reflection and Refraction Methods
    Seismic Reflection and Refraction Methods A. K. Chaubey National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa-403 004. [email protected] Introduction and radar systems. Whereas, in seismic refraction Seismic reflection and refraction is the principal method, principal portion of the wave-path is along the seismic method by which the petroleum industry explores interface between the two layers and hence hydrocarbon-trapping structures in sedimentary basins. approximately horizontal. The travel times of the Its extension to deep crustal studies began in the 1960s, refracted wave paths are then interpreted in terms of the and since the late 1970s these methods have become depths to subsurface interfaces and the speeds at which the principal techniques for detailed studies of the deep wave travels through the subsurface within each layer. crust. These methods are by far the most important For both types of paths the travel time depends upon the geophysical methods and the predominance of these physical property, called elastic parameters, of the methods over other geophysical methods is due to layered Earth and the attitudes of the beds. The various factors such as the higher accuracy, higher objective of the seismic exploration is to deduce resolution and greater penetration. Further, the information about such beds especially about their importance of the seismic methods lies in the fact that attitudes from the observed arrival times and from the data, if properly handled, yield an almost unique and variations in amplitude, frequency and wave form. unambiguous interpretation. These methods utilize the principle of elastic waves travelling with different Both the seismic techniques have specific velocities in different layer formations of the Earth.
    [Show full text]
  • Fault Deformation, Seismic Amplitude and Unsupervised Fault Facies Analysis: Snøhvit Field, Barents Sea
    Accepted Manuscript Fault deformation, seismic amplitude and unsupervised fault facies analysis: Snøhvit Field, Barents Sea Jennifer Cunningham, Nestor Cardozo, Christopher Townsend, David Iacopini, Gard Ole Wærum PII: S0191-8141(18)30328-6 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsg.2018.10.010 Reference: SG 3761 To appear in: Journal of Structural Geology Received Date: 10 June 2018 Revised Date: 11 October 2018 Accepted Date: 11 October 2018 Please cite this article as: Cunningham, J., Cardozo, N., Townsend, C., Iacopini, D., Wærum, G.O., Fault deformation, seismic amplitude and unsupervised fault facies analysis: Snøhvit Field, Barents Sea, Journal of Structural Geology (2018), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2018.10.010. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 Fault deformation, seismic amplitude and unsupervised fault facies 2 analysis: Snøhvit field, Barents Sea 3 Jennifer CUNNINGHAM * A, Nestor CARDOZO A, Christopher TOWNSEND A, David 4 IACOPINI B and Gard Ole WÆRUM C 5 A Department of Energy Resources, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway 6 *[email protected] , +47 461 84 478 7 [email protected] , [email protected] 8 9 BGeology and Petroleum Geology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston 10 Building, AB24 FX, UK 11 [email protected] 12 C Equinor ASA, Margrete Jørgensens Veg 4, 9406 Harstad, Norway 13 [email protected] 14 15 Keywords: faults, dip distortion, seismic attributes, seismic amplitude, fault facies.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2019 Annual Report SM Approved by the SEG Council, 17 June 2020 Connecting the World of Applied Geophysics
    2019 Annual Report 2019 Annual Report SM Approved by the SEG Council, 17 June 2020 Connecting the World of Applied Geophysics REPORTS OF Second vice Director at large REPORTS OF Books Editorial Distinguished GEOPHYSICS SEG BOARD OF president Maria A. Capello COMMITTEES Board Instructor Valentina Socco, editor DIRECTORS Manika Prasad 13 Mauricio Sacchi, chair Short Course 31 10 AGU–SEG 24 Adel El-Emam, chair President Director at large Collaboration 27 Geoscientists Robert R. Stewart Treasurer and Paul S. Cunningham Chi Zhang, cochair Committee on Without Borders® 5 Finance Committee 14 20 University and Distinguished Robert Merrill, chair Dan Ebrom and Lee Student Programs Lecturer 34 President-elect Bell Director at large Annual Meeting Joan Marie Blanco, Gerard Schuster, chair Rick Miller 11 David E. Lumley Steering chair 28 Global Advisory 7 15 Glenn Winters, chair 25 George Buzan, chair Vice president, 20 Emerging 36 Past president Publications Director at large Continuing Professionals Nancy House Sergey Fomel Ruben D. Martinez Annual Meeting Education International Gravity and 8 12 16 Technical Program Malcolm Lansley, chair Johannes Douma, chair Magnetics Dimitri Bevc, chair 25 30 Luise Sander, chair First vice president Chair of the Council Director at large Olga Nedorub, cochair 36 Alexander Mihai Gustavo Jose Carstens Kenneth M. Tubman 22 Development and EVOLVE Popovici 12 16 Production Michael C. Forrest, Health, Safety, 9 Audit Andrew Royle, chair interim chair Security, and Director at large Executive director Bob Brook, chair
    [Show full text]
  • Reflection Seismic Method
    GEOL463 ReflectionReflection SeismicSeismic MethodMethod Principles Data acquisition Processing Data visualization Interpretation* Linkage with other geophysical methods* Reading: Gluyas and Swarbrick, Section 2.3 Many books on reflection seismology (e.g., Telford et al.) SeismicSeismic MethodMethod TheThe onlyonly methodmethod givinggiving completecomplete picturepicture ofof thethe wholewhole areaarea GivesGives byby farfar thethe bestbest resolutionresolution amongamong otherother geophysicalgeophysical methodsmethods (gravity(gravity andand magnetic)magnetic) However, the resolution is still limited MapsMaps rockrock propertiesproperties relatedrelated toto porosityporosity andand permeability,permeability, andand presencepresence ofof gasgas andand fluidsfluids However, the links may still be non-unique RequiresRequires significantsignificant logisticallogistical efforteffort ReliesRelies onon extensiveextensive datadata processingprocessing andand inversioninversion GEOL463 SeismicSeismic ReflectionReflection ImagingImaging Acoustic (pressure) source is set off near the surface… Sound waves propagate in all directions from the source… This is the “ideal” 0.1-10% of the energy reflects of seismic imaging – flat surface and from subsurface contrasts… collocated sources This energy is recorded by and receivers surface or borehole “geophones”… In practice, multi-fold, offset recording is Times and amplitudes of these used, and zero-offset section is obtained by reflections are used to interpret extensive data the subsurface… processing
    [Show full text]
  • Ocean Margin Drilling
    Ocean Margin Drilling May 1980 NTIS order #PB80-198302 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 80-600083 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock No. 052-003-00754-1 PREFACE This Technical Memorandum was prepared in response to a request from the Chairman and the Ranking Minority Member of the HUD-Independent Agencies Subcommittee of the Senate Appropriations Committee. The Committee requested that OTA conduct an evaluation of the Ocean Margin Drilling Program, a major new public-private cooperative research effort in marine geology proposed by the National Science Foundation. They were particularly interested in the scientific merits of the program and whether other, less costly alternatives could yield the same or greater scientific return. Because OTA already had a more general ongoing study of ocean research technology, the agency was able to respond quickly to this request. The Memorandum was prepared with the advice and assistance of a small panel of scientists plus a much broader group of scientists, engineers, petroleum company representatives, and others who submitted material for our use and reviewed our draft report. The study discusses the scientific merit of the program, possible alternatives to the present program plan, problems associated with technology development, aspects of petroleum company participation in the program, and government management considerations. There are also appendices including specific alternatives proposed by the OTA panel members and historical factors leading to the present plans. JOHN H. GIBBONS Director iii OTA Staff for Review of the Ocean Margin Drilling Program Robert Niblock, Ocean Program Manager Peter A.
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Prodcutivity in U.S. Petroleum Exploration And
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Research Papers in Economics CHANGING PRODUCTIVITY IN U.S. PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT Douglas R. Bohi Charles River Associates Washington, D.C. Discussion Paper 98-38 June 1998 1616 P Street, NW Washington, DC 20036 Telephone 202-328-5000 Fax 202-939-3460 © 1998 Resources for the Future. All rights reserved. No portion of this paper may be reproduced without permission of the author. Discussion papers are research materials circulated by their authors for purposes of information and discussion. They have not undergone formal peer review or the editorial treatment accorded RFF books and other publications. Changing Productivity in U.S. Petroleum Exploration and Development Douglas R. Bohi Abstract This study analyzes sources of productivity change in petroleum exploration and development in the United States over the last ten years. There have been several major developments in the industry over the last decade that have led to dramatic reductions in the cost of finding and developing oil and natural gas resources. While some of the cost savings are organizational and institutional in nature, the most important changes are in the application of new technologies used to find and produce oil and gas: 3D seismology, horizontal drilling, and deepwater drilling. Not all the innovation is endogenous to the industry; some rests on outside advances (such as advances in high-speed computing that enabled 3D seismology), as well as learning-by-doing. The increased productivity of mature petroleum provinces like the U.S. helps to maintain competition in the world oil market as well as enhance domestic industry returns.
    [Show full text]
  • SEISMIC REFLECTION METHODS APPLIED to ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL, and GROUND-WATER PROBLEMS by Don W
    SEISMIC REFLECTION METHODS APPLIED TO ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND GROUND-WATER PROBLEMS by Don W. Steeples and Richard D. Miller Kansas Geological Survey The University of Kansas Lawrence, Kansas ABSTRACT The seismic-reflection method is a powerful geophysical exploration method that has been in widespread use in the petroleum industry for more than 60 years. Since 1980, it has been increasingly used in applications shallower than 30 m, and that is the principal subject of this paper. The seismic-reflection method measures different parameters than other geophysical methods, and it requires careful attention to avoid possible pitfalls in data collection, processing, and interpretation. Part of the key to avoiding the pitfalls is to understand the resolution limits of the technique, and to carefully plan shallow-reflection surveys around the geologic objective and the resolution limits. Careful planning is also necessary to make the method increasingly cost effective relative to test drilling and/or other geophysical methods. The selection of seismic recording equipment, energy source, and data- acquisition parameters are often critical to the success of a shallow-reflection project. It is important to carefully follow known seismic reflections throughout the data-processing phase to avoid misinterpretation of things that look like reflections but are not. The shallow- reflection technique has recently been used in mapping bedrock beneath alluvium in the vicinity of hazardous waste sites, detecting abandoned coal mines, following the top of the saturated zone during a pump test in an alluvial aquifer, and in mapping shallow faults. As resolution improves and cost-effectiveness increases, other new applications will be added.
    [Show full text]
  • Depth Variation of the Conrad Discontinuity in the Qaidam Basin, Northwestern China, and Its Crustal Dynamic Implications
    Earth and Planetary Physics RESEARCH ARTICLE 5: 296–304, 2021 SOLID EARTH: SEISMOLOGY doi: 10.26464/epp2021030 Depth variation of the Conrad discontinuity in the Qaidam Basin, northwestern China, and its crustal dynamic implications Biao Yang1, YanBin Wang1*, Li Zhao1, LiMing Yang2, and ChengNing Sha2 1Department of Geophysics, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; 2Earthquake Administration of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, China Key Points: ● Broadband records from a dense seismic network were used to analyze the crustal phases and investigate the depth of the Conrad and Moho discontinuities in the Qaidam Basin. ● The depth of the Conrad discontinuity under the eastern part of the basin is shallower than the western part, which can be attributed to different crustal shortening mechanisms. ● The depth of the Moho discontinuity under the Qilian orogenic belt and Bayan Har block is deeper than under the Qaidam Basin, which is consistent with the previous results. Citation: Yang, B., Wang, Y. B., Zhao, L., Yang, L. M. and Sha, C. N. (2021). Depth variation of the Conrad discontinuity in the Qaidam Basin, northwestern China, and its crustal dynamic implications. Earth Planet. Phys., 5(3), 296–304. http://doi.org/10.26464/epp2021030 Abstract: We use broadband records from a dense seismic network deployed in and around the Qaidam Basin in northwestern China to analyze the crustal phases and investigate the depth of the Conrad and Moho discontinuities as well as the P-wave velocity. Waveform cross-correlation is used to assist in the identification of the crustal phases and in determining their arrival times.
    [Show full text]
  • The Seismic Reflection Inverse Problem
    Inverse Problems TOPICAL REVIEW Related content - A comparison of seismic velocity inversion The seismic reflection inverse problem methods for layered acoustics - A mathematical framework for inverse To cite this article: W W Symes 2009 Inverse Problems 25 123008 wave problems in heterogeneous media - A method for inverse scattering based on the generalized Bremmer coupling series View the article online for updates and enhancements. Recent citations - On quasi-seismic wave propagation in highly anisotropic triclinic layer between distinct semi-infinite triclinic geomedia Pato Kumari and Neha - Reduced Order Model Approach to Inverse Scattering Liliana Borcea et al - Seismic wavefield redatuming with regularized multi-dimensional deconvolution Nick Luiken and Tristan van Leeuwen This content was downloaded from IP address 189.46.171.20 on 21/10/2020 at 04:11 IOP PUBLISHING INVERSE PROBLEMS Inverse Problems 25 (2009) 123008 (39pp) doi:10.1088/0266-5611/25/12/123008 TOPICAL REVIEW The seismic reflection inverse problem W W Symes Computational and Applied Mathematics, Rice University, MS 134, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA E-mail: [email protected] Received 3 July 2009, in final form 2 September 2009 Published 1 December 2009 Online at stacks.iop.org/IP/25/123008 Abstract The seismic reflection method seeks to extract maps of the Earth’s sedimentary crust from transient near-surface recording of echoes, stimulated by explosions or other controlled sound sources positioned near the surface. Reasonably accurate models of seismic energy propagation take the form of hyperbolic systems of partial differential equations, in which the coefficients represent the spatial distribution of various mechanical characteristics of rock (density, stiffness, etc).
    [Show full text]
  • 1.11 Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Global Crustal Structure W
    1.11 Crust and Lithospheric Structure – Global Crustal Structure W. D. Mooney, US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, USA Published by Elsevier B.V. 1.11.1 Introduction, Purpose, and Scope 361 1.11.2 Geology, Tectonics, and Earth History 364 1.11.3 Seismic Techniques for Determining the Structure of the Crust and Uppermost Mantle 366 1.11.3.1 Active-Source Data 366 1.11.3.1.1 Seismic refraction/wide-angle reflection profiles 368 1.11.3.1.2 Seismic reflection profiles 369 1.11.3.2 Passive-Source Data 370 1.11.3.2.1 Surface waves 372 1.11.3.2.2 Seismic tomography 372 1.11.3.3 Receiver Functions 372 1.11.3.4 Laboratory Studies 373 1.11.3.4.1 Velocity–density relations 373 1.11.3.4.2 Vp–Vs relations and poisson’s ratio 373 1.11.3.4.3 Seismic anisotropy and the uppermost mantle 374 1.11.4 Nonseismic Constraints on Crustal Structure 375 1.11.4.1 Gravity Anomalies 375 1.11.4.2 Aeromagnetics 376 1.11.4.3 Geoelectrical Measurements 379 1.11.4.4 Heat Flow Data 379 1.11.4.5 Borehole Data 380 1.11.4.6 Surface Geology, Exposed Deep Crustal Sections, and Xenolith Data 380 1.11.5 Structure of Oceanic Crust and Passive Margins 380 1.11.5.1 Typical Oceanic Crust 381 1.11.5.2 Mid-Ocean Ridges 384 1.11.5.3 Oceanic Plateaux and Volcanic Provinces 384 1.11.5.4 Ocean Trenches and Subduction Zones 387 1.11.5.5 Passive Continental Margins 388 1.11.6 Structure of Continental Crust 389 1.11.6.1 General Features 389 1.11.6.2 Principal Crustal Types 389 1.11.6.3 Correlation of Crustal Structure with Tectonic Provinces 394 1.11.7 Global Crustal Models 394 1.11.7.1 The Sedimentary Cover 395 1.11.7.2 The Crystalline Crust and Uppermost Mantle 395 1.11.8 Discussion and Conclusions 397 References 398 1.11.1 Introduction, Purpose, challenges in the form of natural hazards, such as and Scope earthquakes and volcanoes.
    [Show full text]
  • Seismological Monitoring of the World's First
    Appendix A Seismological Monitoring of the World’s First Nuclear Detonation— The Trinity Shot of 16 July 19451 Seismology played a modest role in the Trinity test, thereby establishing, at the very birth of the “atomic age,” a mutual interaction between seismology and nuclear testing that would become of increasing significance to both technologies as the century pro- gressed. Because the Trinity “gadget” was designed to be an atmospherically detonated military weapon for which principal damage effects were expected to be air blast and accompanying ground shock of intensities heretofore unexplored, extensive new effects data were needed to plan military applications. When the need for a full-scale test of the implosion design became clear by late 1944, Los Alamos scientists began to devise field experiments to measure both air blast and ground shock.Also, they wanted to esti- mate how each would scale with explosive energy release (yield), range, and height of burst within a principal target area (nominally, within about 20 km of ground zero). In March 1945, Herbert M. Houghton, an exploration geophysicist with Geophys- ical Research Corporation (GRC) and Tidewater Oil, was recruited to work with Los Alamos physicist, James Coon, to perfect earth shock instrumentation for the 100-ton TNT calibration rehearsal shot of 7 May 1945, as well as the unique multikiloton Trin- ity nuclear event planned for July. Houghton and Coon modified a dozen GRC Type SG-3 geophones to record both vertical and horizontal-radial components of strong ground motion at ranges between 0.75 and 8.2 km from both the calibration and nuclear shots, which were air bursts suspended on towers.
    [Show full text]