• Abstract and Figures
• Public Full-text

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE DMITRY ČIŽEVSKY Harvard University OLEKSANDER GRANOVSKY University of Minnesota ROMAN SMAL STOCKI Marquette University VOLODYMYR P. TIMOSHENKO Stanford University EDITOR MICHAEL VETUKHIV New Yor\ City ASSOCIATE EDITOR GEORGE LUCKYJ New Yor\ City The Annals of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U. S. are published quarterly by the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U. S., Inc. All correspondence, orders, and remittances should be sent to The Annals of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U. S. 11Я West 26th St., New York 1, N. Y. SINGLE COPY: $3.00 Copyright 1951, by the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S., Inc. MYKHAYLO DRAHOMANOV A Symposium and Selected Writings Compiled with the assistance of the Drahomanov Commission of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U. S. under the chairmanship of Professor Svitozor Drahomanov Edited by Ivan L. Rudnytsky New York 1952 Last year the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S. commemorated the 110th anniversary of the birth of Mykhaylo Drahomanov, the distinguished Ukrainian thinker and scholar. His works, written in the second part of the nineteenth century at a time of cultural rebirth among many Slav nations, represent a signal contribution to the problem of relations between the Slavs and especially between the Ukrainians and their neighbors in a com­ munity of free and independent nations. The problems which Drahomanov faced in his own day still await solution today. Perhaps a constructive approach may be gained through the study of a man who, like many Ukrainian scholars today, had to leave his native Ukraine and yet came to see more clearly her place in Europe. “Emigration,” Drahomanov wrote, “is bitter, but under certain circumstances, inevitable. Beginning with the sixteenth century the freedom of England, Scotland, then of France, Germany, Italy, and Hungary could not do without emigration and its literature. The freedom of the Ukraine also demands it” (Letters to the Dnieper Ukraine). The Ukrainian Academy has formed a special commission for the study of Drahomanov’s works. In particular it is hoped to pre­ pare an edition of the unpublished correspondence of Drahomanov, a part of which (e.g. correspondence between Drahomanov and Lesya Ukrayinka) is now at the Academy’s disposal. The present volume which is published as a special issue of the Annals presents a symposium of studies devoted to Mykhaylo Dra­ homanov and a selection from his own works. It is intended to acquaint the English speaking world and in particular American and English students of East European history with the life and work of Drahomanov. It is hoped that the present issue will inaugurate a series of larger monographs or individual works of Ukrainian scholarship in Eng­ lish translation. The Editors THE ANNALS OF THE UKRAINIAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES IN THE U. S., INC. S p r in g , 1952 CONTENTS Part One — Symposium on Mykhaylo Drahomanov page Drahomanov and the European Conscience Philip E. Mosely 1 The Life of Mykhaylo Drahomanov Volodymyr Doroshen\o 6 Drahomanov and Ukrainian Historiography Dmytro Doroshen\o 23 Drahomanov as Folklorist.........................Petro Odarchenkp 36 Drahomanov’s Impact on Ukrainian Politics . Matviy Stahhiv 47 Drahomanov and the English-Speaking World Svitozor Drahomanov 63 Drahomanov as a Political Theorist . Ivan L. Rudny ts\y 70 A Bibliography of Drahomanov’s Major Works Svitozor Drahomanov and Ivan L. Rudnyts\y 131 Part Two — Selected Writings of Mykhaylo Drahomanov A Geographic and Historical Survey of Eastern Europe . 141 The Lost E p o c h ................................................................... 153 Germany’s Drive to the East and Moscow’s Drive to the West 161 Panslav F e d e ra lism ..................................... 175 The Centralization of the Revolutionary Struggle in Russia 181 Free Union; Draft of a Ukrainian Political and Social Program 193 The Program of the Review Hromada . 206 Political and Social Ideas in Ukrainian Folk Songs . 209 Taming of the Shrew in the Folklore of the Ukraine . .214 Editor’s Notes .... .219 A Note on Transliteration . 225 DRAHOMANOV AND THE EUROPEAN CONSCIENCE PHILIP E. MOSELY It is an honor and a pleasure to be invited by the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the United States* to join its mem­ bers and guests in commemorating the anniversary of the birth of Mykhaylo Drahomanov. For me it will be especially interesting and enlightening to hear other scholars who will comment with far greater authority on the content and impact of Drahomanov’s think­ ing as they expressed and influenced the development of Ukrainian national feeling and thought. The assignment which I have ac­ cepted is a very modest one. I merely want to share a few reflec­ tions which have come to me, concerning the nature of Draho­ manov’s profound insight into the relations between the Ukraine and the European community. By “European community” I refer, of course, not to a particular geographical area, but to all peoples who share in and contribute to the ideal of national and individual self- fulfillment as the highest good. Some twenty years ago, when I was planning a study of the nature and cross-currents of the ideas which are often lumped to­ gether under the rubric of “Slav unity,” I was struck for the first time by Drahomanov’s profound insight into the nature of demo­ cratic self-fulfillment. At that time I was deeply impressed by the harmonious balance in Drahomanov between his deep love for the Ukraine and his ability to see the needs and the potentialities of the Ukraine within a broader European setting. A few years later, during an extended visit to Bulgaria, I again met with the impact of Drahomanov’s influence, in the grateful recollection held by senior intellectual leaders of his fruitful years, 1889-1895, as profes­ sor, counselor, and friend, at the University of Sofia. At that time I had most interesting talks with his daughter, Madame Draho- manova-Shishmanova, then in the full vitality of her extensive intel­ lectual and social interests, as I have recently with his son, Professor Svitozor Drahomanov. *Resume of a speech by Professor P. E. Mosely at a meeting of the Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U .S.A ., November 4, 1951, commem­ orating the 110th anniversary of the birth of Mykhaylo Drahomanov. 1 2 THE ANNALS OF THE UKRAINIAN ACADEMY One source of Drahomanov’s humane sense of universality, which was often misunderstood and misinterpreted by his contemporaries, is, it seems to me, founded in his profound understanding of the an­ cient world. At a time when people are increasingly dissatisfied with partial studies of human society and are seeking for deeper bases of comprehension and cooperation within and beyond na­ tional frontiers, it is well to recall that classical studies, the basic discipline of the formative centuries of modern Europe, by defini­ tion strive to explain all of man and all of society. In a freer and more tranquil time Drahomanov would surely have become one of the great interpreters of Hellenic-Roman civilization. Under the sting of harsh circumstances, which deprived his people of the con­ ditions of natural and unimpeded development into full enjoyment of membership in the European community, he sacrificed these personal and scholarly goals. But, in devoting his efforts to the struggle for emancipation of the Ukraine, Drahomanov carried over into these exhausting efforts the spirit of universality which makes him even today a prophet of the Ukrainian and the European con­ science. Thus there is, it seems to me, an inner harmony which in­ fused Drahomanov’s thinking about the Ukraine, the Slavs, and the European community. Seeing the people of the Ukraine divided, Drahomanov sought to disclose and revivify the deepest source of its national unity. And, since true unity must develop from within, he devoted special ef­ forts to recording, cultivating, and popularizing the treasures of Ukrainian folklore and folk-literature. Along with other devoted students of the Ukrainian village he helped to lay solid founda­ tions for strengthening the sense of underlying national unity. Turn­ ing to the history of the Ukraine, he rejected all attempts to “mo­ nopolize” the national history for the benefit of any one tradition, region, or class. At a time when idealization of the Zaporozhian Host was an important stimulant of and comfort to national pride, Drahomanov courted widespread misunderstanding and censure in calling for a more realistic appraisal of the serious limitations as well as the heroism of the Cossack army-state. In this insistence on truth, he resembled Thomas G. Masaryk, who somewhat later at­ tacked the Königinhof and Grünberg forgeries, until then the DRAHOMANOV AND THE EUROPEAN CONSCIENCE 3 palladium of romantic Czech nationalism. Recognizing, as an his­ torian and sociologist, the many differences in traditions, customs, confessions, and historical experience which made difficult unified action among Ukrainians, Drahomanov denied the supremacy of any one region or cultural context and sought to infuse these diversi­ ties with a higher sense of inner unity, founded on shared human values. His profound conviction that national unity cannot be im­ posed from without but must grow within the thought and feeling of living people is as true today as it was then. In his attitude towards other Slav peoples Drahomanov expressed both his calm, unchallengeable faith in the potentialities and achieve­ ments of the Ukrainian people and his abiding sense of the uni­ versality of man’s fate. Hence it was inevitable that he should op­ pose with equal vigor both the imperial Russian policy of attempt­ ing to deprive the Polish people of its national identity and to Russi­ fy it, and all Polish claims to “natural” hegemony over neighboring peoples.

Load more

  236

Copy Link