Conservation of Biological and Landscape Diversity in the Dnipro (Dnieper) River Basin
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Canadian Association on Water Quality Monograph Series No. 6 Conservation of Biological and Landscape Diversity in the Dnipro (Dnieper) River Basin Edited by Jan Barica IDRC Consultant Burlington, Ontario Canada Available from Subscription and Membership Office Canadian Association on Water Quality 867 Lakeshore Road Burlington, Ontario Canada L7R 4A6 Published by Canadian Association on Water Quality 2005 ISBN 0-9693150-3-1 The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Canadian Association on Water Quality. Contents Foreword v-vi J. BARICA Ecological Status of the Transboundary Sections of the Dnipro Basin 1–15 O.G. VASENKO State of the Biodiversity in the Dnipro Basin and its Major Threats Assessment of Protected Areas, Priority and “Problem” Ecosystems, and Threats to Biodiversity 16–27 T.A. ALEKSANDROVA, M.E. NIKIFOROV AND V.R. SHELIAG-SOSONKO Review of Agricultural Practices in Relation to Transboundary Protection of Biodiversity 28–41 A.N. TRETIAK, N.N. BAMBALOV AND A.M. GORDEYEV Review and Status of Fisheries and Aquaculture in the Dnipro Region in Relation to Biodiversity Conservation 42–53 V.D. ROMANENKO, S.A. AFANASYEV AND O.G. VASENKO Analysis of Forestry Use and Management Practices in the Context of Landscape and Biodiversity Protection in the Dnipro Basin 54–67 A.V. PUGACHEVSKY, V.P. TKACH AND S.I. SMIRNOV Review of Dnipro Basin Biodiversity Legislation ensuring Public Participation and Support 68–82 S.A. BALASHENKO, E.V. LAEVSKAYA, T.I. MAKAROVA, V.E. LIZGARO, A.A. SHCHERBINA, E.E. GRIGORIEV AND V.A. TARASENKO Regional Strategy for Conserving Biological and Landscape Diversity in the Dnipro Basin 83–100 V.D. ROMANENKO, S.A. AFANASYEV, M.D. GRODZINSKY AND V.M. BILOKON Results of the Pilot Projects Development of the Ecological Corridor Concept for Transboundary Areas of the Dnipro River Basin 101–112 M.D. GRODZINSKY, V.D. ROMANENKO AND V.R. SHELIAG-SOSONKO Scientific Substantiation for Creation of a Protected Area in the Floodplain of the Dnipro in the Stretch of Zhlobin-Rechitsa as a Component of the Dnipro Basin Environmental Network 113–122 N.A. YURGENSON AND M.N. NIKIFOROV Creation of the Dnipro Source Nature Reserve 123–128 N.N. MANKOV, A.I. BIZIUKOV AND V.N. KOSTIUSHENKOV Assessment of Risk Related to the “Hot Spots” Impact on Environmentally Vulnerable Zones in the Dnipro Basin 129–141 S.A. AFANASYEV AND M.D. GRODZINSKY Technology for Eliminating Dreissena Biofouling in Hydrofacilities 142–148 S. AFANASYEV, S. SCHERBAK, P. GUSAK, S. ROSS AND J. GROMOVA Project Overview Review of IDRC’s Involvements in Environmental Management of the Dnipro River Basin 149–155 K. BABCOCK Foreword This monograph presents a selection of papers com- Document (ProDoc) in 1998, but the work commenced pleted under the guidance and funding of the Interna- fully in late 1999. Due to some administrative problems tional Development Research Centre (IDRC) as the exe- with transfer of funds, the start of the work was delayed cuting agent for the GEF-UNDP Project “Preparation of and the reports had to be completed in a short period of a Strategic Action Programme (SAP) for the Dnipro time (less than two years), tapping into existing informa- (Dnieper)* River Basin and Development of SAP Imple- tion published in part from previous research work and mentation Mechanisms” (short form “Dnipro Basin available only in Russian. The project teams collected this Environmental Project” or DBEP). The focus is on bio- information and prepared drafts of full-sized reports in diversity conservation as one of the major components Russian, which were filed and made available from the of the DBEP that was under IDRC management, with Project Management Office (PMU) in Kyiv online from the objective of improving conservation of biodiversity its website (www.dnipro-gef.net). In this monograph, in the Dnipro River Basin under four main activities, only extended summaries of these full reports are pre- namely (1) assessment of existing protected areas, (2) sented, focusing on the project rationales, major scientific review of legal, policy, institutional and regulatory and management accomplishment, and recommendations framework in the basin, (3) review of agricultural and for the strategic action plan (SAP). English translations of fisheries practices, and (4) developing a regional strategy the extended summaries were prepared locally by profes- for conserving and protecting biodiversity in the basin. sional translators commissioned by the PMU. These activities were formulated in the UNDP Project The reports/papers in this monograph are organized Document (ProDoc) of 1998. Forestry aspects were as follows: the introductory paper by O.G. Vasenko sum- added later during the course of the report preparation marizes the environmental issues in the Dnipro Basin , process. The work of the project teams under the super- followed by five main reports in the ProDoc outline vision of the newly established Biodiversity Regional (assessment of protected areas, three major sectors Thematic Centre in Smolensk, Russian Federation, adversely impacting on biodiversity (agriculture, fisheries (funded and operated by IDRC) commenced in 1999 and forestry), review of the Dnipro Basin biodiversity leg- and completed by the end of 2003, with publication of islation, results of three pilot projects from three riparian final reports in Russian, and later, extended summaries countries (development of ecological coridors in Ukraine, in English. The project teams worked under coordina- creation of a new protected area in Belarus, and creation tion in the tri-national Biodiversity Working Group and of a nature reserve around the Dnipro Source in Russia, met several times during the report preparation process, Smolensk Oblast/Region). A regional strategy for con- each time in another riparian country, together with the serving biological and landscape diversity in the basin is IDRC consultant who advised the teams on the structure then presented for inclusion into the Dnipro Strategic and objectives of the reports to comply with the ProDoc, Action Plan. Two extra biodiversity-relevant reports were and then edited both Russian an English versions. also added to cover the topics of risk assessment method- IDRC has previously published the results of the ology and zebra mussel control using an original method 1994 Dnipro water quality sampling expedition, orga- in hydroelectric plants which are numerous in the Dnipro nized under the bilateral Canada-Ukraine Program Basin. The monograph is concluded wirh a paper by (EMDU 1) in this Journal in 1998 (Vol. 33, No.4). It IDRC Project Coordinator giving a brief overview of was the wish of all report contributors to publish their IDRC-funded projects in the Dnipro River Basin. work in the Water Quality Research Journal of Canada This monograph presents only a fraction of the (WQRJC) again and to take advantage of the Journal’s entire IDRC involvement in the Dnipro Basin; a more circulation and abstracting services. During the Soviet detailed account of all IDRC projects and their accom- era, publication of research findings abroad and in Eng- plishments can be found on the IDRC web site lish was almost impossible. Hence, the authors have a (www.idrc.ca/oceei) The GEF-UNDP- UNEP-UNIDO strong need to catch up publishing in English language activities on the SAP preparation can be found on refereed journals. IDRC wholeheartedly supported this www.dnipro-gef.net. An online version of this Mono- wish and supports publication of this monograph with graph is also available from the IDRC web site funding and editorial services, with reprints of individual (www.idrc.ca). papers available for distribution among peers. The The consultant and the IDRC project leadership WQRJC has kindly devoted a special issue of its Mono- wishes to acknowledge the excellent cooperative spirit of graph Series for this purpose. the biodiversity teams and timely delivery of their reports. The individual biodiversity conservation projects Special thanks are due to Igor Iskra and Lesia Dronova were originally formulated in the GEF-UNDP Project for their indespensable assistance in organizing the work- v ing group meetings and following up on successful com- *Editor’s note: The English name for the River Dnieper is pletion of the scheduled tasks. Nick Mandak, Ron Der- used interchangeably throughout this monograph with the mot, Mike Turner and Ken Mills of the Canadian Depart- Ukrainian form Dnipro, which was officially adopted for ment of Fisheries and Oceans reviewed several reports and the UNDP-GEF-IDRC Project, as over 50% of the river checked the English scientific terminology. length lies within the Ukrainian territory. The Russian name for the river is Dnepr, Belorussian is Dnepro. Jan Barica IDRC Consultant Monograph Editor Burlington, Ontario, Canada [email protected] Ecological Status of the Transboundary Sections of the Dnipro Basin Oleksandr G. Vasenko* Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Ecological Problems, 6 Bakulin Street, 61166 Kharkiv, Ukraine The preparation of Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis and Strategic Action Plan for the Dnipro basin would not have been possible without a comprehensive and objective assessment of the state of the environment in the transboundary sections of the Basin. For this reason, a joint field survey was conducted by the Belorussian, Russian and Ukrainian scientists in order to provide up-to-date information for this assessment. This survey, undertaken with the assistance of the International Develop- ment Research Centre (Canada), was focused on the transboundary sections of the Dnipro Basin within the Republic of Belarus, Russian Federation and Ukraine. The present paper summarizes findings and conclusions made on the basis of new original data collected during this survey with regard to the ecological status of transboundary sections of the Basin, their biological and landscape diversity, and transboundary transport of pollutants. The results provided a basis for formulating recommendations on the design and objectives of transboundary monitoring.