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Redalyc.Checklist of the Genus Eugnorisma Boursin, 1946 of Iran with New Records and Distributional Data (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae

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Redalyc.Checklist of the Genus Eugnorisma Boursin, 1946 of Iran with New Records and Distributional Data (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Rabieh, M. M.; Seraj, A. A.; Gyulai, P.; Esfandiari, M. Checklist of the genus Eugnorisma Boursin, 1946 of Iran with new records and distributional data (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Noctuinae) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 41, núm. 163, septiembre, 2013, pp. 399-413 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45529269018 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 399-413 Checklist of the Eugno 4/9/13 12:16 Página 399 SHILAP Revta. lepid., 41 (163), septiembre 2013: 399-413 eISSN: 2340-4078 ISSN: 0300-5267 Checklist of the genus Eugnorisma Boursin, 1946 of Iran with new records and distributional data (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Noctuinae) M. M. Rabieh, A. A. Seraj, P. Gyulai & M. Esfandiari Abstract A checklist of 9 species and 4 subspecies of the genus Eugnorisma Boursin, 1946, in Iran, with remarks, is presented based on the literature and our research results. Furthermore 1 species and 4 subspecies are discussed, as formerly erroneously published taxons from Iran, because of misidentification or mislabeling. Two further subspecies, E. insignata leuconeura (Hampson, 1918) and E. insignata pallescens Christoph, 1893, formerly treated as valid taxons, are downgraded to mere form, both of them occurring in Iran. New data on the distribution of some species of this genus in Iran are also given. Four new records of this genus; Eugnorisma cuneiferum Varga & Ronkay, 1994, Eugnorisma (Metagnorisma) pontica deserta Ronkay, Varga & Hreblay, 1998, Eugnorisma pontica anis Varga & Ronkay, 1987 and Eugnorisma enargiaris (Draudt, 1936) are reported for the first time for the Iranian noctuid fauna from Khorasan-e-Razavi province in Northeastern Iran and from the Zaghros range, provinces of Kordestan, Fars and Kohgilouyeh and Boyerahmad in Western Iran. The former dubious record without locality of Eugnorisma heuristica Varga & Ronkay, 1987 is confirmed. Illustrations of adult males and females and their genitalia are given. KEY WORDS: Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eugnorisma, fauna, new record, Iran. Lista del género Eugnorisma Boursin, 1946 de Irán con nuevos registros y datos de distribución (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Noctuinae) Resumen Se presenta una lista de 9 especies y 4 subespecies del género Eugnorisma Boursin, 1946, en Irán, con notas, basados sobre la literatura y en el resultado de nuestras investigaciones. Se discuten 1 especie y 4 subespecies, como taxones erróneamente publicados de Irán, por malas identificaciones o errores de etiquetaje. Son degradadas a meras formas dos antiguas subespecies, E. insignata leuconeura (Hampson, 1918) y E. insignata pallescens Christoph, 1893, tratadas anteriormente como taxones válidos; ambos se encuentran en Irán. También se dan nuevos datos de distribución de algunas especies de este género en Irán. Se citan por primera vez, cuatro nuevos registros de este género; Eugnorisma cuneiferum Varga & Ronkay, 1994, Eugnorisma (Metagnorisma) pontica deserta Ronkay, Varga & Hreblay, 1998, Eugnorisma pontica anis Varga & Ronkay, 1987 y Eugnorisma enargiaris (Draudt, 1936), para la fauna de noctuidos iraníes de la provincia de Khorasan-e-Razavi en el noreste de Irán y de las montañas Zaghros, provincias de Kordestan, Fars y Kohgilouyeh y Boyerahmad en el oeste de Irán. Se confirma el anterior registro dudoso sin localidad, de Eugnorisma heuristica Varga & Ronkay, 1987. Se dan ilustraciones de los adultos machos y hembras y de sus genitalias. PALABRAS CLAVE: Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eugnorisma, fauna, nuevos registros, Irán. Introduction The genus Eugnorisma was first defined by Boursin in 1946 for a group of species of the 399 399-413 Checklist of the Eugno 4/9/13 12:16 Página 400 M. M. RABIEH, A. A. SERAJ, P. GYULAI & M. ESFANDIARI subfamily Noctuinae previously mentioned mostly as genera Lycophotia Hübner, [1813] 1816 and Rhyacia Hübner, [1821] 1816 and designated E. insignata (Lederer, 1853) as type species. VARGA & RONKAY (1987) introduced subgenus Metagnorisma and separated four distinct species groups; chaldaica, coryphaea, trigonica and insignata on the basis of the external and genitalic characters regarding them as monophyletic clades. Currently, the Palaearctic genus Eugnorisma includes 27 species (since a few of them have been removed to the newly erected, closely allied genera Sinognorisma, Protognorisma, Anagnorisma, Schizognorisma) (VARGA & RONKAY, 1994; VARGA, RONKAY & GYULAI, 1995; GYULAI & RONKAY, 2006; RONKAY & VARGA, 1999), beside the closely allied Sinognorisma (one species), Anagnorisma (four species), Protognorisma (four species), Schisognorisma (two species). The members of the genus Eugnorisma are relatively small to moderately large (25-28 to 36-39 mm); antennae of males more or less ciliate but not pectinate, frons is usually semiglobular and smooth. The shape of palpi normal, the third joint more or less pointed, laterally with dark scales and hairs; the proboscis is moderately long. The thorax is usually strong, the tegulae are normal, not strongly marked; the abdomen is usually covered by long hairs but without dorsal abdominal tufts or crests (VARGA & RONKAY, 1987). This genus is characterized by the smooth, bulbous frons and only three rows of spines on the mid legs. The main features of the male and female genitalia are cited below mostly from the comprehensive work of VARGA & RONKAY (1987), as this is the best characterization of the Eugnorisma. In the male genitalia, the uncus is strong, more or less long and curved, sometimes pointed or medially dilated, in one special case spatulate (conformis). The tegumen is relatively wide, usually high, the valvae are generally broad and elongate, without corona, cucullus and clavus; the harpe is strong, often curved, elongate or sword-like, its basis is wide, with a characteristic outer edge or outer processus. The valvae have -with the exception of the subgenus Metagnorisma species- pollex and apical costal lobe. The sacculus is symmetricale, normal, without processes, fultura inferior wide, often with apical processes or medial crest(s). Vinculum is strong, V-shaped, saccus small and membranous. The size and shape of the aedeagus is highly variegated in the genus. The dorsal surface of the distal part is usually strongly sclerotized, in most cases forms a slightly convex, dentate shield. In a special group of species (chaldaica and spodia) this shield reverted to a large ventral hook. In two groups of species this plate may be reduced -in a convergent way- to a slightly sclerotized, smooth or only minutely dentated lamina. The vesica is conspicuously (probably synapomorphic) uniform in the whole genus, this structure serves as a most important evidence for the phylogenetic coherence of the genus. The vesica consists of two main parts: a large, spacious sac that is often elongated, sometimes recurved and a slender, often short diverticulum, originating close to sinus penis and terminated in a small, not bulbed cornutus. The large sac has a more or less expanded spinulose field near to ductus ejaculatorius consisting of tiny spiculi which can be erected from the membrane during eversion. This field forms in some cases a pocket-like pouch (eminens, chaldaica, ignoratum, spodia) and also in a somewhat different manner in the insignata-conformis pair of species. In the female genitalia, papillae anales slightly sclerotized, short and usually wide, rounded or triangular, gonapophyses rather short. The configuration of ductus bursae is considerably different in the two subgenera similarly to the structure of the ostium. The species of subgenus Eugnorisma have very strong ostium and ductus bursae, the latter is usually plicate, folded or/and reflexed, while in the subgenus Metagnorisma they are generally less sclerotized, ductus bursae sometimes with stronger laminae laterally, ostium may be membranous, or more or less sclerotized. The apex bursae is strong and usually strongly rugulose, arcuate or retroflexed in the subgenus Eugnorisma while in subgenus Metagnorisma it is not or only very slightly separated from the corpus bursae. The bursa copulatrix is elliptical or rounded, more or less large and wide, in the subgenus Metagnorisma with signa (VARGA & RONKAY, 1987). BIENERT (1870) was the first who reported a species of the genus Eugnorisma from Iran in his checklist of Lepidoptera of Iran: Agrotis insignata Lederer from North of the country. HAMPSON (1903) noted materials of Lycophotia insignata from Iran (Persia) in the collection of the British 400 SHILAP Revta. lepid., 41 (163), septiembre 2013 399-413 Checklist of the Eugno 4/9/13 17:43 Página 401 CHECKLIST OF THE GENUS EUGNORISMA BOURSIN, 1946 OF IRAN Museum. BRANDT (1941) also reported two species of the genus Eugnorisma as Rhyacia eminens Lederer and R. insignata Lederer, after his expeditions in 1937-38 to Iran. Afterwards, EBERT & HACHER (2002), in the results of Ebert's expeditions in 1970s to Iran, reported 7 species and subspecies from this genus. In 2006, a new species (E. persago) was described from Iran by GYULAI & RONKAY. Up to now, 16 Eugnorisma taxa have been reported from Iran (see. BRANDT, 1941; VARGA
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