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Whitlam As Internationalist: a Centenary Reflection
WHITLAM AS INTERNATIONALIST: A CENTENARY REFLECTION T HE HON MICHAEL KIRBY AC CMG* Edward Gough Whitlam, the 21st Prime Minister of Australia, was born in July 1916. This year is the centenary of his birth. It follows closely on his death in October 2014 when his achievements, including in the law, were widely debated. In this article, the author reviews Whitlam’s particular interest in international law and relations. It outlines the many treaties that were ratified by the Whitlam government, following a long period of comparative disengagement by Australia from international treaty law. The range, variety and significance of the treaties are noted as is Whitlam’s attraction to treaties as a potential source of constitutional power for the enactment of federal laws by the Australian Parliament. This article also reviews Whitlam’s role in the conduct of international relations with Australia’s neighbours, notably the People’s Republic of China, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and Indochina. The reconfiguration of geopolitical arrangements is noted as is the close engagement with the United Nations, its agencies and multilateralism. Whilst mistakes by Whitlam and his government are acknowledged, his strong emphasis on international law, and treaty law in particular, was timely. It became a signature theme of his government and life. CONTENTS I Introduction .............................................................................................................. 852 II Australia’s Ratification of International Treaties ................................................. -
University of Canberra Patrick Mullins Quick Books, Quick Manoeuvres
Mullins Quick books, quick manoeuvres University of Canberra Patrick Mullins Quick books, quick manoeuvres: Disentangling the dangers and opportunities of the quickie political biography Abstract: The publication of the biography of the political leader is de rigueur in the Australian electoral cycle. Characterised by their haste of production, by their regurgitation of already-published articles, and by a liberal use of quotes attributed and not, such books are often ephemeral confections, destined for the dustbin whether their subject is successful or not (Blewett, 2007). But the political quickie is, on closer inspection, a mix of competing opportunities and dangers that belie its negative description. When considered, the quickie is revealing of the uses of biographical writing to perform, connect, and manoeuvre within a political context. Biographical note: Patrick Mullins is a PhD candidate at the University of Canberra. Keywords: Biography – Life Writing – Political Subject – Journalism 1 Mullins Quick books, quick manoeuvres Two biographies of Kevin Rudd were commissioned within days of his becoming leader of the Australian Labor Party in December 2006. Upon their near-simultaneous publication in June 2007, Neal Blewett characterised the texts as the latest examples in a long line of ‘quickies’: They have roughly the shelf life of homogenised cheese and are almost certainly destined for that knacker’s yard for books – the remainder store – regardless of whether their subject is successful or not […] These books are hastily compiled confections: a regurgitation of published articles on the subject’s career […] plus a dollop of his speeches and writings, mixed together with a heady collection of quotes from colleagues and associates, frequently unattributed. -
Public Leadership—Perspectives and Practices
Public Leadership Perspectives and Practices Public Leadership Perspectives and Practices Edited by Paul ‘t Hart and John Uhr Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/public_leadership _citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Public leadership pespectives and practices [electronic resource] / editors, Paul ‘t Hart, John Uhr. ISBN: 9781921536304 (pbk.) 9781921536311 (pdf) Series: ANZSOG series Subjects: Leadership Political leadership Civic leaders. Community leadership Other Authors/Contributors: Hart, Paul ‘t. Uhr, John, 1951- Dewey Number: 303.34 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by John Butcher Images comprising the cover graphic used by permission of: Victorian Department of Planning and Community Development Australian Associated Press Australian Broadcasting Corporation Scoop Media Group (www.scoop.co.nz) Cover graphic based on M. C. Escher’s Hand with Reflecting Sphere, 1935 (Lithograph). Printed by University Printing Services, ANU Funding for this monograph series has been provided by the Australia and New Zealand School of Government Research Program. This edition © 2008 ANU E Press John Wanna, Series Editor Professor John Wanna is the Sir John Bunting Chair of Public Administration at the Research School of Social Sciences at The Australian National University. He is the director of research for the Australian and New Zealand School of Government (ANZSOG). -
Rethinking Sullivan: New Approaches in Australia, New Zealand and England
The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law CUA Law Scholarship Repository Scholarly Articles and Other Contributions Faculty Scholarship 2002 Rethinking Sullivan: New Approaches in Australia, New Zealand and England Susanna Frederick Fischer The Catholic University, Columbus School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.edu/scholar Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, and the Torts Commons Recommended Citation Susanna Frederick Fischer, Rethinking Sullivan: New Approaches in Australia, New Zealand and England, 34 GEO. WASH. INT’L L. REV. 101 (2002). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at CUA Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scholarly Articles and Other Contributions by an authorized administrator of CUA Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RETHINKING SULLIVAN: NEW APPROACHES IN AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, AND ENGLAND SUSANNA FREDERICK FISCHER* "This is a difficult problem. No answer is perfect." - Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead in Reynolds v. Times Newspapers1 SUMMARY This Article employs a comparative analysis of some important recent Commonwealth libel cases to analyze what has gone wrong with U.S. defa- mation law since New York Times v. Sullivan and to suggest a new direc- tion for its reform. In Lange v. Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Lange v. Atkinson, and Reynolds v. Times Newspapers, the highest courts of the Australian, New Zealand, and English legal systems were con- fronted with the same challengefaced by the U.S. Supreme Court in New York Times v. Sullivan. They had to decide the proper constitutionalbal- ance between protection of reputation and protection of free expression in defamation actions brought by public officials over statements of fact. -
Earle Page and the Imagining of Australia
‘NOW IS THE PSYCHOLOGICAL MOMENT’ EARLE PAGE AND THE IMAGINING OF AUSTRALIA ‘NOW IS THE PSYCHOLOGICAL MOMENT’ EARLE PAGE AND THE IMAGINING OF AUSTRALIA STEPHEN WILKS Ah, but a man’s reach should exceed his grasp, Or what’s a heaven for? Robert Browning, ‘Andrea del Sarto’ The man who makes no mistakes does not usually make anything. Edward John Phelps Earle Page as seen by L.F. Reynolds in Table Talk, 21 October 1926. Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] Available to download for free at press.anu.edu.au ISBN (print): 9781760463670 ISBN (online): 9781760463687 WorldCat (print): 1198529303 WorldCat (online): 1198529152 DOI: 10.22459/NPM.2020 This title is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The full licence terms are available at creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This publication was awarded a College of Arts and Social Sciences PhD Publication Prize in 2018. The prize contributes to the cost of professional copyediting. Cover design and layout by ANU Press. Cover photograph: Earle Page strikes a pose in early Canberra. Mildenhall Collection, NAA, A3560, 6053, undated. This edition © 2020 ANU Press CONTENTS Illustrations . ix Acknowledgements . xi Abbreviations . xiii Prologue: ‘How Many Germans Did You Kill, Doc?’ . xv Introduction: ‘A Dreamer of Dreams’ . 1 1 . Family, Community and Methodism: The Forging of Page’s World View . .. 17 2 . ‘We Were Determined to Use Our Opportunities to the Full’: Page’s Rise to National Prominence . -
Origins of the Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security
Origins of the Royal Commission on Intelligence and Security CJ Coventry LLB BA A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Research) School of Humanities and Social Sciences UNSW Canberra at ADFA 2018 i Table of Contents Acknowledgements iii Introduction & Methodology 1 Part I: ASIO before Whitlam 9 Chapter One: The creation of ASIO 9 Chapter Two: Bipartisan anti-communism 23 Chapter Three: ASIO’s anti-radicalism, 1950-1972 44 Part II: Perspectives on the Royal Commission 73 Chapter Four: Scholarly perspectives on the Royal Commission 73 Chapter Five: Contemporary perspectives on ASIO and an inquiry 90 Part III: The decision to reform 118 Chapter Six: Labor and terrorism 118 Chapter Seven: The decision and announcement 154 Part IV: The Royal Commission 170 Chapter Eight: Findings and recommendations 170 Conclusion 188 Bibliography 193 ii Acknowledgements & Dedication I dedicate this thesis to Rebecca and our burgeoning menagerie. Most prominently of all I wish to thank Rebecca Coventry who has been integral to the writing of this thesis. Together we seek knowledge, not assumption, challenge, not complacency. For their help in entering academia I thank Yunari Heinz, Anne-Marie Elijah, Paul Babie, the ANU Careers advisors, Clinton Fernandes and Nick Xenophon. While writing this thesis I received help from a number of people. I acknowledge the help of Lindy Edwards, Toni Erskine, Clinton Fernandes, Ned Dobos, Ruhul Sarkar, Laura Poole-Warren, Kylie Madden, Julia Lines, Craig Stockings, Deane-Peter -
Saving the Nation's Memory Bank an Open Letter to the Prime Minister
Saving the Nation’s Memory Bank An Open Letter to the Prime Minister We write as friends and supporters of the National Archives of Australia. Some of us are historians, including multiple winners of Prime Minister’s Awards, some are independent writers and researchers, and some are former members of the National Archives Advisory Council. We have differing political viewpoints but share a deep love for the knowledge of Australia’s past embodied in its archives and libraries. We are writing to you because we fear that the integrity of the nation’s premier memory bank, the National Archives of Australia, is in jeopardy and to urge you to secure its future. As the institution created by parliament to maintain the official records of the Commonwealth, the National Archives is one of the pillars of our democracy. It makes decision-making more transparent. It holds governments, past and present, to account. And in the words of Justice Michael Kirby, it ‘holds up a mirror to the people of Australia’. In this respect, the National Archives is not like other cultural institutions, such as museums, galleries and opera houses. Its most important users have yet to be born. The value of many items in its collection may not become apparent for many years because we simply do not know what questions future inquirers may ask. Only in recent years, for example, have researchers begun to tap the riches of the National Archives’ repatriation records, the largest continuous record of the health of any people anywhere, for medical as well as historical research. -
Cambridge University Press State Library of New South
1465 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS STATE LIBRARY OF NEW SOUTH WALES . THURSDAY 30 OCTOBER 1997 SYDNEY LAUNCH OF LIONEL MURPHY --A A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY BY JENNY HOCKING The Hon Justice Michael Kirby AC CMG CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS STATE LIBRARY OF NEW SOUTH WALES THURSDAY 30 OCTOBER 1997 SYDNEY LAUNCH OF LIONEL MURPHY ~A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY BY JENNY HOCKING The Hon Justice Michael Kirby AC CMG' , This is the third or fourth "launch" of this book by Jenny Hocking. The principal launch was done by Neville Wran, Lionel , Murphy's close colleague and friend, at the National Press Club in Canberra. There has been a Melbourne launch. A Sydney "Iaunchette~ by the author herself, 'which took place in Glebe last night. Now it is my turn,turn."'. I am glad to have this opportunity because I counted myself a friend of Lionel Murphy. I am an admirer of his tremendous achievements in public life. As a judge, I am willing to acknowledge fully the utility of his fresh insights • Justice of the Hi!;lh Court of Australia.Australia, President of the International Commission of Jurists. 2. about the law and the Constitution during his· service as a Justice of our country's highest court. It is interesting to observe the continuing flow of books about Lionel Murphy. Coinciding with this work by Jenny Hocking, published by Cambridge University Press in Australia, another book has hit the shelves. I refer to Justice Lionel Murphy ~ Influential or Merely Prescient?" edited by Michael Coper and George Williams of the Australian National University. It was published by the Federation Press just a .few weeks ago. -
Do Former Prime Ministers Wield Influence After They Leave Office?
Do former prime ministers wield influence after they leave office? A report drafted for The Australian Prime Ministers Centre, Museum of Australian Democracy Old Parliament House Katherine Ring An Intern with the Australian National Internships Program 20th October 2014 Executive Summary This report aims to examine whether, and to what extent, former Australian prime ministers continue to wield influence after they have left office. The research aims to make headway in to an area of prime ministerial study that has only been minimally scoped to this day, and to attempt to draw tentative conclusions about what influence ex-prime ministers might be expected to wield in future decades. This research has examined a combination of primary source materials (letters, speeches, contemporary news articles), and secondary sources (autobiographies, biographies, recent journalism and academic articles), and has discovered that former prime ministers often continue to contribute to public life in three key ways: through connections with serving parliamentarians, activities and appointments, and political commentary. Not only is this contribution well received by the Australian public, the forms of influence exerted by former leaders are continuing to expand over time. 2 Acknowledgements I would like to thank the Director and Program Administrator of the Australian National Internships Program, Dr. Marshall Clark, and Patricia Oxborrow, for their ongoing support and guidance. Special thanks go to all the staff at the Australian Prime Ministers Centre, members of the Network of Prime Ministerial Research and Collecting Agencies, and APMC Honorary Fellows Dr Norman Abjorensen and Dr Auriol Weigold, for their extraordinary help during the formulation and research phases of this project. -
Appointing Attorneys-General to the High Court: a Case for Reform
James Bai and Harry Hobbs Appointing Attorneys-General to the High Court: a case for reform Article (Accepted version) (Refereed) Original citation: Bai, James and Hobbs, Harry (2017) Appointing Attorneys-General to the High Court: a case for reform. Alternative Law Journal, 42 (4). pp. 286-291. ISSN 1037-969X DOI: 10.1177/1037969X17732707 © 2017 The Authors This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/86816/ Available in LSE Research Online: February 2018 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. This document is the author’s final accepted version of the journal article. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. Appointing Attorneys-General to the High Court: A Case for Reform James Bai and Harry Hobbs Abstract Throughout 2016, Attorney-General George Brandis QC repeatedly denied he intended to leave the Federal Parliament and take up a position on the High Court of Australia. -
Whitlam As Internationalist : a Centenary Reflection
2799 UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE LAW REVIEW WHITLAM AS INTERNATIONALIST : A CENTENARY REFLECTION The Hon. Michael Kirby AC CMG MELBOURNE UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW WHITLAM AS INTERNATIONALIST: A CENTENARY REFLECTION The Hon Michael Kirby AC CMG ABSTRACT Edward Gough Whitlam, the twenty-first Prime Minister of Australia, was born in Melbourne in July 1916. This year is the centenary of his birth. It follows closely on his death in October 2014 when his achievements, including in the law, were widely reflected on. In this article, the author reviews Whitlam’s particular interest in international law and relations. It outlines the many treaties that were ratified by the Whitlam Government, following a long period of comparative disengagement by Australia from international treaty law. The range, variety and significance of the treaties is noted as is Whitlam’s attraction to treaties as a potential source of constitutional power for the enactment of federal laws by the Australian Parliament. The article also reviews Whitlam’s role in international relations with Australia’s neighbours, notably China, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and Indochina. The reconfiguration of geopolitical arrangements is noted as is the close engagement with the United Nations, its agencies and multilateralism. Whilst mistakes by Whitlam and his government are acknowledged, his strong emphasis on international law, and treaty law in particular, was timely. It became a signature theme of his Government. Based on the author’s Whitlam Lecture 2010 delivered Sydney, 25 February 2010. Justice of the High Court of Australia 1996-2009; President of the International Commission of Jurists 1995-1998. The author acknowledges the outstanding research assistance of Jason D. -
Everyday Revolutions: Remaking Gender, Sexuality and Culture In
Everyday Revolutions Remaking Gender, Sexuality and Culture in 1970s Australia Everyday Revolutions Remaking Gender, Sexuality and Culture in 1970s Australia Edited by Michelle Arrow and Angela Woollacott Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email: [email protected] Available to download for free at press.anu.edu.au ISBN (print): 9781760462963 ISBN (online): 9781760462970 WorldCat (print): 1113935722 WorldCat (online): 1113935780 DOI: 10.22459/ER.2019 This title is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The full licence terms are available at creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode Cover design and layout by ANU Press This edition © 2019 ANU Press Contents Contributors . vii 1 . Revolutionising the everyday: The transformative impact of the sexual and feminist movements on Australian society and culture . 1 Michelle Arrow and Angela Woollacott Everyday gender revolutions: Workplaces, schools and households 2 . Of girls and spanners: Feminist politics, women’s bodies and the male trades . 23 Georgine Clarsen 3 . The discovery of sexism in schools: Everyday revolutions in the classroom . 37 Julie McLeod 4 . Making the political personal: Gender and sustainable lifestyles in 1970s Australia . 63 Carroll Pursell Feminism in art and culture 5 . How the personal became (and remains) political in the visual arts . 85 Catriona Moore and Catherine Speck 6 . Subversive stitches: Needlework as activism in Australian feminist art of the 1970s . .. 103 Elizabeth Emery 7 . Women into print: Feminist presses in Australia . 121 Trish Luker 8 . ‘Unmistakably a book by a feminist’: Helen Garner’s Monkey Grip and its feminist contexts .