N Scale

OT SOME FREIGHT TO HAUL? Alco-haul it! With the Aleo RSC-2 and RS-2 models from Kato. ALCO RSC-2 G Expected delivery in March/April The American Locomotive Company produced the Item , Roadname 244-engine RSC-2 and RS-2 from 1946 to 1950. These 176-4301 Milwaukee Road #977 dependable road switchers eventually went to work on a 176-4302 Milwaukee Road #989 number of well-known railroads throughout North 176-4303 Seaboard Air Line #1500 America. 176-4304 Seaboard Air Line #1527 176-4305 Union Pacific #1281 This spring, KATO Precision Railroad Models will 176-4306 Union Pacific #1288 release N scale reproductions of these locomotives for 176-4300 Undecorated you to put to work on your railroad. Our accurately scaled recreation of the six-axle ALCO RS-2 Expected delivery in April RSC-2 and four-axle RS-2 will deliver traditional KATO Item' Roadname detail and craftsmanship to transition era N scale 176-4601 Canadian Pacific #8401 modelers around the world. Each model will be equipped 176-4602 Canadian Pacific #8403 with the powerful five-pole KATO motor with dual brass 176-4501 Chicago Great Western #53 flywheels and our own semi-automatic KATO knuckle 176-4502 Chicago Great Western #55 coupler. The split metal cha ssis should be "DCC-friendly," 176-4503 Delaware & Hudson #4013 allowing for the easy removal/replacement of the light 176-4504 Delaware & Hudson #4025 board for digital control operation. 176-4603 Great Northern #213 176-4604 Great Northern #217 The RSC-2 models will all feature the air-cooled 176-4505 New York Central #8213 version exhaust stack and friction-bearing journals on the 176-4506 New York Central #8219 trucks. The stack on the RS-2 models will be replicated 176-4401 Santa Fe #2099 as air cooled or water cooled and the truck axle bearings 176-4402 Santa Fe #2110 as friction or roller, depending on the roadname. Please 176-4403 Union Pacific #1291 visit your local hobby shop or our website for detailed 176-4404 Union Pacific #1293 specifications on each version. 176-4400 Undecorated with Friction Bearing Truck Journals The Alco RSC-2 and RS-2 from KATO. No one else 176-4600 Undecorated with Roller can do it better. Reserve them today with your local Bearing Truck Journals hobby retailer.

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The Testor Corporation .. 620 Buckbee Street, Rockford, fL 61104 .. 1-800·962·6654 Testor Canada .. 206 Milvan Drive, Weston, Ontario M9L IZ9 • 1-416-742·1626 An��Company - :)www.testors.com missing text in the March 1 issue but the articles are really not clear without the miss­ ing text. Therefore, the original articles are printed here in their entirety. Please accept our apology and, yes, we did replace the computer.

IN THIS ISSUE... - MlOOEUNGPROlOnK., RlOMTHE THE RPM MEETIN CHICAGO. pace ... - MNnNlG PIAS'nCI 8MQ("pace - UPGMDING WADHERSCMflOAlS . pace56 - IIlOWSa"SPENNIS'Y RAT AND GON. pees26 _ 29 .. PR01Or'tPIE-8ASEDBN5fICP MIlL Il.AlOUT TOUR. 40 .... - DaAlUNIG1HE WADHERS OR MIIIL POWERAMTRAK G£ . MODElS pace21 N SCALE: .. 4O-fC01r .BOX CARmCQ:t.MERSIIONS ,.. 6 .. MIOOBIINlG11HIE MILWAUlaE 1l'CI'»D. ,..n April 1999· Volume 10, Number 11

I \ ! i I )! II \ i I' \1)1 ,I, 111'11, III'� I �\',.j (1111', i �II� � " • I II ',11 __ I ,Ii�i \' 1 1'1 III It1il' I I �,\ ,�, tl, ' ,.. �I : � �\ \ u • • • , I 'll I( - 'I - .. ';:1. . . . , .. , • J' .J� �'H ).1 'f " ' • � v. 'I: � . • • The tour begins on page 40. -Robert Schleicher photo

•

Techniques: Painting Plastic Brick, by Dennis 11., BLunt ...... 8

Diesels Modeling: EMD F7 A and F7B Phase 1 Diesels from InterMountain, Genesis or Stewart kits, by Ed Hawkins ...... 13 Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: GE Dash 8-3ZBWH as Amtrak 503 and 517 from Walthers or Rail Power models, by Louis Marre ...... 21 EMD F3 and F7 from Genesis, by Athearn or InterMountain Kits, by Ed Ryan .....69 Modeling Fifties-Era Freight Cars: Pennsylvania RR Class F30A Flat Cars from Bowser's kit, by Richard Hendrickson 26 Pennsylvania RR Class Gs Gondolas from Bowser's kit, by Richard Hendrickson 29 Modern Freight Car Modeling: Conrail PS-Z Covered Hopper from Con-Cor's Kit, by Mike Rose ...... 32 Railroad Prototype Modelers Meet, Chicago 1998, by Robert SchLeicher ..48 Vehicle Modeling: Kenworth T600 Truck and Trailer from Herpa, Trucks 'N Stuff and Preiser Models, by Dan Goins ...... 38 Layout Tour: BNSF/CP Rail Joint down the banks of the Mississippi, by Mike Soebbing ...... 40 Rail-Marine Modeling: Upgrading Walthers Carfloats, by RonaLd Parisi ...... 56 Locomotive Performance: Summary of all previous locomotive performance test reports ...... 68 4 RAILMODELJOURNAL· APRIL 1999 ENTS: Modeling Fifties Era Freight Cars: Diesels Modeling: Experience-At Your Fingertips, more 40-Foot AAR 1932 Box Cars EMD F7A & F7B Phase 1 Diesels from about what's in this issue from articles Converted from Model Power Reefers, S Helper Services models, in previous issues ...... 24 By Keith Kohlmann ...... by Ed Hawkins ...... 13 ...... 6 Calendar 78 Locomotive Performance: Diesels Modeling: What's New ...... 77, 80-82 EMD F7A and F7B Phase 1 Diesels from Summary of all previous locomotive InterMountain, Genesis or Stewart kits, performance test reports ...... 68 by Ed Hawkins ...... 13 Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: EMD GP50 on the Santa Fe from Kato's EMD F3 and F7 from S Helper Services

by Bill Pearce ...... Model, 74 models, by Ed Ryan 69 Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: GE Dash 8-32BWH as Amtrak 503 and 517

from Bachmann models, Diesels Modeling: by Louis Marre ...... 21 EMD F7A and F7B Phase 1 Diesels from EMD F3 and F7 from Bachmann, Kato or other countries. Foreign subscriptions $36.00 P&D Hobbies models, by Ed Hawkins .13 Life-Like, by Ed Ryan ...... 69 Locomotive Performance: for 12 issues, payable in U.S. funds. RAILMOD­ Layout Tour: Atlas EMD SW8/9 Test Report, EL JOURNAL, ISSN 1043-5441, copyright The Milwaukee Road in Southern by Guy Thrams ...... 54 ...... 1999 by Golden Bell Press. All rights reserved. Minnesota, by James Nelson 33 Summary of all previous locomotive

...... Periodicals Postage paid at Denver, CO. POST­ Modern Freight Car Modeling: performance test reports 68 Railroad Prototype Modelers Meet, Diesels, One-Detail-At-A-Time: MASTER: Send address changes to Railmodel Chicago, 1998, by Robert Schleicher EMD F3 and F7 from P&D Hobbies, .48 Journal, 2403 Champa St., Denver, CO 80205. by Ed Ryan ...... 69

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 5 ------[KIT CONVERSION] ------

By Keith M. Kohlmann

The Model Power N scale reefers can be converted into near-exact replicas of the 1932 AAR prototype box cars. They are models of very common cars that are not available as kits. They make fine companions to the sim­ ilar-height Pennsy X29 box cars from Red Caboose and Fine N Scale. There's an index of previous articles on upgrading N scale locomotives and rolling stock on pages 24-25 of this issue.

rom studying old steam-era had their choice of applying different Underframes photographs, I noticed that not styles of roofs and ends to the standard Begin by disassembling the cars. all 40-foot steel box cars were created carbody. In constructing my models, I Slice offthe raised ring around the truck equal. They were built to a variety of did the same thing. Model Power 40- mounting hole, and cut off the large air­ standard heights. In N scale, the 10- foot steel reefer cars were modified brake cylinder. Cut new cylinders from foot 6-inch interior height PS-J box car with standard underframes, doors and N scale 3-foot pieces of Evergreen is available from Micro-Trains. The sides in an assembly-line process. 3/32-inch-diameter rod, and fi le the other lO-foot 6-inch interior height Then they were given diffe rent cat·body ends to fo rm the shape of an air tank. 1944 box car is available from Deluxe modifications to match the various pro­ Glue these to the underframes, lined up Innovations, and the to-foot interior totype cars. with the left edge of the side door. height] 937 box car is available from Information and drawings were Trim the upper tab from Micro­ InterMountain. The only standard­ taken from several back issues of Trains 1025 couplers, and use the 00- height box car not available in N scale Mainline Modeler. Martin Lofton's 90 screws to attach them to the cars. is the 9-foot 4-inch interior height three-part article on the 1932 box Cat· (On the Western Maryland car, allow

AAR 1932 box car. This is the lowest ran in the October and November 1992 the coupler box to extend 1 foot and most dramatic of the 40-foot stan­ and January 1993 issues. The beyond the ends of the car to copy the dard box cars. Over 17,000 were built, December 1993 issue has an article on appearance of a Duryea cushion under­ so I decided to kit-convert a bunch of the NKP 1932 box car. Reference for frame.) them to bri ng a more eclectic look to the Viking roofs and Buckeye ends Cut the coupler pockets off the my freight yards and mainline trains. came from the November 1986 and trucks. Substitute Micro-Trains 1008 Even though the 1932 steel box cars October 1991 issues. The May ] 993 Low Profile Wheel Sets. For the CP were a "standard" design, rai lroads still issue is also useful. (Continued on pages 7 and 66)

6 RAILMODELJOURNAL · APRIL 1999 66) (Continued on page RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 7 ------[TECHNIQUES]------

By Dennis V. Blunt

Real bricks have variations in color that must be dupli cated for the brick to look as realistic as wood or other struct:,re s rfaces. Thes techni�ues make it quick � -: and easy to achieve the effect of individually colored bricks. There s an mdex of prevIous articles on painting and weathering on pages 24-25 of this issue.

Figure "CHICAGO COMMON" brick starts with a Light Tan base color 1. Figure 2. "COMMON BRICK" uses Floquil Foundation as the base color (1) (first panel) with Dark Brown and Black art marker color (second and third followed with Mustard (2), Brick Red (3), Burnt Ochre (4), Dark Brown (5) panels) applied to roughly 2 h of the surface. Yellow-Brown mortar is and Black (6) art marker colors. Reddish-Tan mortar (7) followed by a light applied wet, wiped off when dry, and Brown marker is lightly scrubbed over scrub of Brick Red marker and a re-mortar with Dry Reddish-Tan mortar the surface. The result is re-mortared and scrubbed with Mustard art mark­ gives a pleasant result. er, then re-mortared with dry Reddish-Ta n to produce the results in the fourth panel. These extra steps were necessary to produce the exact color desired.

any years ago I created realistic brick on plastic structures by painting individual bricks with Floquil-brand paints. The effect was excellent for almost any color blend, but the work was very tedious. At that time, I used various mortar colors from acrylic artists' colors applied with a brush and wiped offbefore they dried leaving a small amount of "mortar" in the joints between bricks. Recently a friend suggested I used Hydrocal plaster for mortar, applying it with a wet brush and wiping it off after the coating had dried. This technique yielded superior results, especially when the mortar was tinted with Rainbow Brand dry color commonly used to tint plaster and cement. Still, the brick painting process was slow; there had to be a better way! I hit upon the idea of using colored marking pens to color the brick, and the idea for "Bricks Like Magic" was born. My son-in-law, a graphic designer, suggested I use "Prismacolor" Figure 3. Ta n Brick uses a base color mix of one part Reefer Orange and Art Markers made by the Berol Company because they come in two parts Foundation (1) followed with art marker Mustard (2) and Dark a wide variety of "earth tones" ideal for creating great-looking Brown (3). Reddish-Brown mortar is applied wet and wiped dry (4) fol­ lowed with a scrub of Burnt Ochre, re-mortared dry with Reddish-Brown brick on molded plastic surfaces. Some of the earth colors in the and scrubbed again with Mustard art marker (5). small nylon tip have been discontinued, but BEROL has a large

8 RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 kit. Figure 6. The tan brick complex was assembled I panels in the Pola "Gruesome Casket" These same walls have appeared under a kit names from AHM, Model Power, Tyco and IHe. The walls were painted using the teclini�lues in the article. The buildings are on Dennis Blunt's layout which appeared in the June 1997 i "The Journal."

tip of new material that can be trimmed to a small point for HO md larger scales. Eberhard-Faber makes "Design Markers" with ) small nylon tip but in fewer "earth" colors. You will find both Jrands at art supply stores, craft stores and even some hobby ;hops. A cross reference chart is included here to aid you in ;electing colors between the two leading brands. Brick color is

lpplied to an assembled model in five easy steps. Step One - Brush or spray the completed model with a base ;olor sympathetic with the desired brick color. For example, :;'Ioquil Earth, Foundation, Concrete and Depot Buff work well 'or Common, Yellow and Brown bricks. Zinc Chromate and Box =ar Red work for Dark Brown and blends of Red bricks. Various narker colors can be applied over any base color to create many .leasing brick blends; varying the base color, the marker color nd/or the mortar color will change the end result, so some xperimentation is needed to meet your exact requirements. A Figure 4. Red brick is quite dramatic, and many shades are possible with olor combination chart is included to help you achieve great only slight changes in base and mortar color. This example uses Zinc ;:sults right away. ALWAYS keep a written record of your work Chromate for the base (1), Dark Brown and Black art markers (2, 3), wet o you can duplicate your combination later on. Brown mortar with (4) a scrub ofTerra Cotta art marker (5).

Figure 5. A common brick color with a heavy weathered appearance achieved (accidentally) by allowing the heavy coat of mortar to dry overnight, making it difficult to remove. PAINTING PLASTIC BRICI(

Figure 7. A common brick color on a DPM str' ture proves to be more challenging to ap because of the rough brick surface. Great c must be taken to prevent marker color fr bleeding into the mortar lines by using very Ii pen pressure. A dry Tan mortar was used to s( en the color.

Figure 8. This kit conversion of a Con-Cor fac­ tory kit was given a red brick color with the dark Red Brick formula directly on the red plastic after DuliCoting the entire model. No mortar was applied, and the results are quite satisfactory.

Figure 8. Common Brick #1 gives a weath beaten look to this Walthers freight terminal.

The Walthers Vulcan Factory with the bricks painted to match the "Chicago Common" style described in the text. [ DIESELMODELlNG ------______] E

By Ed Hawkins

Wabash 1154, built in July 1950. This unit displays the round cab and side access doors, but has square corner cab windows. Note the nose light and enclosed coupler pilot with the doors open. -Photo from Bob's Photo, at Decatur, Illinois on December 13, 1955.

new era of the diesel delivered by the end of 1945. An excel­ replace aging and expensive to maintain electric locomotive was lent book, THE REVOLUTIONARY steam locomotives. The F2 was physical­ effectively born with the introduction of DIESEL, EMC'S FT, by Diesel Era, doc­ ly different from the FTs in many ways, the Electro-Motive Corporation (EMC) uments the history of the locomotive that including the F2A car body that was 2-

FT in November 1939. Demonstrator ushered in the new era and hastened the feet 5-inches longer that the FT A-unit. units built at La Grange, Illinois were demjse of steam. During FT production, Four closely spaced side portholes on the placed in service and covered 20 Class] EMC went through some corporate FTs were replaced by three portholes railroads on a 35 state tour in late 1939 changes and evol ved as the Electro­ with wider spacing. Internally, the new and 1940. The locomotive was made up Motive Division of General Motors. The 567BV-16 engine had 1,500 horsepower. of four units in an A-B-B-A configura­ new name became know as EMD. Other physical changes included recessed tion, each having 1,350 horsepower pow­ As the popularity of the FT grew, grids for dynamic braking, two exhaust ered by a 16 cylinder 567-series engine. EMD continued to work on enhance­ stacks, and an integral step on the pi lot. Soon, numerous railroads began placing ments to the cab unit design as well as Production of the F2 spanned from July orders for the units and EMC began mak­ improved performance. By 1946 a new to December 1946 with a total of 74 'A' ing deliveries in the early 1940s. locomotive was avai lable, designated the units and 30 'B' units built. All the while, Production continued through World War F2, and EMD was in a good position for the F2 was really an interim model as II with more than 1,000 FT A and B units the postwar locomotive building boom to EMD had another demonstrator touring

RAILMODELjOURNAL· APRIL 1999 13 01)

parts of the country. This locomotive was designated the F3. The F3 quickly became a commodity that railroads ordered in large numbers. The initial version of the F3, dubbed the phase 1, had the same external features as the F2. However, internally a new gener­ ator was the key that distinguished the F3 from the F2. The new generator created a means to provide DC power for traction motors and AC power for accessories. It also allowed fans to be electricallv driven. During a span of just over two y�ars, the F3 A-units went tlu'ough a total of four design changes, each phase of which had outward physical differences as well as internal upgrades to performance.

Ultimately, more that 1,100 F3 A units and nearly 700 F3 B units were produced from November 1946 through February 1949. The book, GENERAL MOTORS' F-UNITS, THE LOCOMOTIVES THAT REVOLUTIONIZED RAILROADING,

by Danjel 1. Mulhearn and John R Taibi explajns the chronology of F-unit devel­ opment in detail. The last phase of the F3s, the phase 4, was a precursor of the initial F7s, with production from September 1948 to February 1949. These units were desig­ nated "FSs" by the EMD engineering department to distinguish them as having an upgraded D-27 traction motor. The phase 4 F3A and initial F7 A units were identical in outward appearance except for the dynamic brake (D/B) panel, for units so equipped.

The F7 A, Phase 1 Beginning in February 1949, EMD produced the F7. Both A-unjts and B­ units were offered. Externally the car body was identical to the F3, phase 4, but internally the F7s had engine room air fil­ tures. For units built during this period one versIon of the same model series tration separated from the engine air with dynamic brakes, the phase 4 F3A from another. intake and dynamic brake cooling. Also, units had twin screens on the dynamic the F7s had new fuel injectors that brake panel while the phase I F7s had a EMD Variations and Customer allowed the use of less expensive fuel 36 inch cooling fan. However, F7A units Options with a lower cetane rating. The following produced during this time were not aU While some components of the F7 external features were present on the exact look alikes. Design changes were were most commonly found on the phase introduced from time to time by EMD in I version, there are no hard and fast rules phase 1 F7A: -Two portholes with four horizontal an obvious attempt to frustrate modelers that apply and some parts were phased air intake louvers on middle side panel. and manufacturers of scale models. As into production at different times. -Four low 36 inch diameter fans such, F7 As having the same combination Because the parts were interchangeable, (optional winterization hatch over rear of features were dependent on the date of various combinations of parts could be fan). manufacture. The accompanying chart found on any given unit, thus making -For units equipped with dynamjc displays pictorially how the design phase designations very changeable. brakes, a 36 inch cooling fan on DIB changes took place. Many of the parts were completely inter­ panel. Incidentally, by all accounts that can changeable with EMD E-units as well. -Roof overhang at rear of unit. be verified by the EMD parts manual, the Many phase 4 F3A units and phase various phase designations were not an Air Intake Grills F7A units built from August 1948 EMD description. Rather, the phase des­ The decorative, but functional, hori­ ignations have been developed by railroad zontal grill was introduced during phase 4 through December 195 I and into January enthusiasts and modelers distinguish F3 production in August 1948. These J 952 had the same combination of fea- to 14 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 replaced screens used on earlier F3s. The FARR HORIZONTAL GRILL (WITH EXCEPTIONS) horizontal grill continued well into F7 GRILL production from February 1949 through I I September 1951 and was used on nearly ROUNDED CAB SQUARE CORNER CAB WINDOWS all phase I F7s manufactured during this WINDOWS period. The 237/8 inch high horizontal I I SQUARE CORNER CAB ROUNDED CORNER CAB stainless steel grills were comprised of AND SIDE DOORS AND SIDE DOORS three sections with a total of 21 stainless II I vertical supports (7 per section). AND EXTENDED VIEW F-3 EXTENDED VIEW WINDSHIELD The FaIT-Air grill with vertical slits WINDSHIELD was first introduced on fi ve Union Pacific I J F7 A-8-8 sets in March 195 1. In June I I I I I I I I I FEB JAN APR JUL OCT JAN APR JUL OCT JAN 1951, Santa Fe took delivery of four F7 1949 195" 1950 1950 1950 1951 1951 1951 1951 1952 A-B-8 passenger sets that also came equipped with the FaIT grill. Oddly, ten Santa Fe A-8-8-A sets (2S9/8/c/D- F-7A PHASE 1 PRODUCTION DESIGN CHANGES 268/B/C/D) were delivered in August 1951 without either type of gri ll. The sides appeared as though they were F3s. Beginning in October 1951, the Farr ver­ TRANSITION PERIOD OF FEATURE (EITHER DESIGN USED) tical grill became the standard grill on F- D

RAILMODELjOURNAL' APRIL 1999 15 MODELING TN HAS

Southern Pacific 6276, from series 6260-6279, built January 1950. The unit is coupled to F7Bs 8176/8177 and F7 A 6277. The SP purchased large num­ bers of F7s, these having square corner cab and side access doors and square corner cab windows. Note the plow pilot and 36 inch dynamic brake fan. -Photo taken at Eugene, Oregon in August 1950, from the Harold Vollrath collection

ROADS OWNING F-7 units built at La Grange. From a distance, PHASE I either grill can appear as if it was one con­ (ORIGINAL OWNERS ONLY) tinuous piece. ROAD MTLW Cab Doors and ACL MKT Side Access Doors ATSF MP MP (I-ON) S&LE MP(STLB&M) Also continuing from phase 4 F3 pro­ B&O NC&STL duction, cab doors and rear access doors BM NideM were initially fabricated with square cor­ C&O NP C&S NYC ners. Doors with rounded corners (4 inch C&WC PRR radius) were phased-in beginning approx­ CB&Q RDO imately March 1950. After Apri l 1950, COW RF&P the rounded corners became standard for CN RI all units. The rounded corners are easily CNW SL-SF CRR SOO spotted on the cab door by thepresence of D&ROW SOU (AGS) a separate rain gutter. The gutter was fab­ DL&W SOU (CNO&TP) ricated from one inch U-shaped channel ERIE SP stock, following the contour of the corner FW&D SP (T&NO) OM&O SSW radii at the top of the door. For the square ON T&P door version, the gutter above the cab The front view of T&P 1524 dearly shows the KCS TM door is a continuation of the gutter over extended view windshield, evidenced by the KO&G UP the cab window. recessed area around the gasket. Note this unit L&N WAS came equipped with grabirons on the roof and LV WM upper portion of the nose. -EMD photo M&STL WP Cab Window Throughout much of the Phase I F7 A production, the rear corners of the cab windows were square. Units built through May 1951 had cab windows with square corners. Beginning in June 195 1, a radius was introduced to provide rounded upper and lower corners. Sand Filler Hatches (Sand Box) The common arrangement that began during Ff production and continued into early F7 production was a sand filler Western Maryland 59, from series 53-60, built March 1950. This unit was amongst the first having hatch with a "dished" center and handle rounded cab and side doors. The broadside photo shows a good view of the horizontal stainless steel that looked like a faucet handle. The han­ grill. The locomotive was photographed in Western Maryland's black and yellow scheme by Paul Dunn dle was actually a rotating locking mech­ in 1958 at Hagerstown, Maryland. -Photo courtesy Big Four Graphics anism for the hatch. Several other sand 16 RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 Step Two - Spray the entire base­ coated model with a medium application of Te stor's DuliCote. This step helps pre­ BRICK COLOR CHART vent color bleed into the mortar line from one marker color to the next. I always Suggestions for workable combinations of brick color. Varying the base color will DullCote a model even if I'm applying produce a wide variety of realistic btick. Berol pen numbers are shown. the markers to an unpainted plastic sur­ face, which surprisingly can produce some fine results. Color: Yellowish Brick Base Color: Floquil Foundation Step Three - Apply brick color start­ ing with the lightest shade in a random Brick: 17 Yellow Orange pattern of 1-3 bricks at a time. Sweep the 22 Mustard pen lightly over the brick surface taking Mortar: Yellow Grey care to mark parallel with the long face of the brick. Use very light strokes to Tan Brick avoid getting color down in the mortar Base Color: Floquil Foundation joints. Apply darker brick colors sparing­ Brick: 76 Brick Red ly, even allowing some of the "base" 65 Terra Cotta color to show through. More dark color 77 Dark Brick Red can be added after the mortar has been 63 Dark Brown applied depending upon your desired Mortar: Reddish Brown ratio of light to dark brick. At this point, the model may appear somewhat Dark Red Brick "blotchy" but don't fret, the mortar will Base Color: Floquil Freight Car Brown take care of that. Brick: Same as Ta n Brick Step Four - This step yields the Mortar: Yellow Grey or Brown most dramatic results as the colored mortar is appl ied to the brick surfaces Reddish Brown Brick Base Color: Floquil Concrete either wet or dry. Mortar is nothing more than plain or color Hydrocal pIas­ Brick: Same as Tan Brick ter applied with a small stiff brush and Mortar: Yellow Grey or Brown wiped off with a soft cloth. prefer the I #1 "Rainbow" dry colors (for coloring con­ Common Brick crete or plaster) used for "zip texturing" Base Color: Floquil Foundation/Depot Buff scenery years ago by Linn Westcott. An Brick: 17 Yellow Orange easy way to apply mortar is simply dip 22 Mustard the small brush in "wet" water and then 98 Black dip it into the plaster to pick up a sma]] 63 Dark Brown amount of "mortar," which is then Mortar: Yellow Grey or Brown brushed across the brick surface much #2 like painting the face of the bricks. Common Brick Avoid using too much plaster, because Base Color: Floquil Foundation very little is needed to produce excellent Brick: 76 Btick Red results. Let the mortar dry completely 65 Terra Cotta (flash) before wiping the surface with a 77 Dark Brick Red soft cloth to remove the mortar fi lm 63 Dark Brown from the brick face. A small stick in the Mortar: Yellow Grey cloth wi II enable you to clean up corners and edges of pilasters very quickly. A hair dryer may be used to speed up the Porous brick surfaces such as Holgate decision on the model. I use a light scrub mortar drying time with no adverse & Reynolds sheet, Magnuson Models, of the lightest marking pen color as a fin­ effects. Don't worry if some of the mor­ DPM kits and others often require an extra ishing touch on most of the brick surfaces tar gets on doors, windows, etc. since step for optimum results. These brick sur­ I model. Try it, it works! after wiping, it creates a "weathered" faces seem to hold too much mortar on the A few final points: never spray appearance that looks fine. Refer to the face of the brick, so I give them what I call Dull Cote on any lacquer base top coat on MORTAR MIXING CHART for sug­ a "scrub" of the lightest brick color to the finished model because the solvents gested mortar color combinations. bring out the color of all of the bricks; if will cause the brick color to run. Any

Step Five - Paint doors, windows and the result seems shiny, an application of a weathering must be done with dry pow­ trim a decorative color that harmonizes light coat of "dry" mortar takes care of ders such as chalk or colored plaster, but with the building's brick color: Often I this. The choice of marker color used for water-base paints can be applied with find the base color is fine, saving me the the "scrub" or color choice used in the brush or airbrush in the usual way. trouble of having to paint windows and "dry" mortar dusting can subtly alter the Likewise, the base color coat can be either trim. Paint the lintels and building foun­ overall color of the brick wall, so this is water or solvent base, just be sure to dation concrete, add the roof and Wll1- something worth exploring on a piece of DuliCote the entire sUlface before apply­ dow glazing, and you are fi nished. practice material before making a final ing marker pen color. RMJ RAILMODELjOURNAL' APRIL 1999 11 PAINTING LASTIC BRICK

ART MARKER COLOR CHART SUGGESTED "BASIC" COLOR SET OF ART MARKERS BEROl "PRISMACOlOR" EBERHARD-FABER 'DESIGN' ART MARKER Black PM-98 1 Black D- I 00

TelTa Cotta PM-65 2 Orange Va lue 4 D- 14 Kraft

Brick Red PM-76 3 Red Orange Va lue 4 Cherry PM-86

Chinese Vermillion PM-13 4 Red Orange Va lue 4

Burnt Ochre PM-93 5 Yellow Va lue 5

Mustard PM-22 6 Yellow Orange Va lue D-9 Sand PM-70 Orange Meon Value 2

Yellow Orange PM-17 7 Yellow Value 4

Cadmium Yellow PM-18 8 Yellow Va lue 3

Note: When two colors are listed, either color is satisfactory

MORTAR MIXING CHART A m.inim um of five dry colors mixed I patt color to 16 parts Hydrocal plaster is combined and diluted fu rther to make "mortar." Some suggestions: Color: Yellow Grey Grey 6 Yellow 1 Black 2 BurntUmb er 16 Plaster ]6 Plaster Tan Warm Grey 2 Red 1 BurntUm ber 4 Burnt Umber ] Black 4 Yellow 3 Plaster 16 Plaster Brown Reddish-Brown

I Raw Sienna 2 Raw Sienna 1 Red 2 Red 2 Burnt Umber 1 Burnt Umber 4 Plaster 5 Plaster

"RAfNBOW" dry colors requiTed: Yellow, Red, Raw Sienna. BurntUm ber and Black

Note: Dry TEM PRA colors may be used if scenery colors are not available. Results may vary, so experiment on scrap material. "RainbQw" scenery colors are available from Micro-Mark, 340 Snyder Ave., Berkeley Heights, NJ 07922- 1538 or (800) 225- 1066. Another source of dry color can be found in the Walthers catalog supplied under the Superior Hobby Products name.

12 RAILMODELJOURNAL' APRIL 1999 Texas & Pacific 1524, from series 1520-1536, built July 1950. This fabulous EMD builder's photo shows off the F7 phase 1 features used at the time, including round cab and side doors and square cornercab windows. The exposed cou­ pler'pilot was used on all T&P F7s. -EMD photo

Pennsylvania 9692, from series 9690A-9699A, built April 1949. This early F7 A displays the clas­ sical early features of square corner doors and cab window. It also has the F2 style side number boards and windshield frame. Note the enclosed coupler pilot with doors removed and the lifting lugs mounted to the lower portion of the nose. The unit is shown with Pennsy's twin roof anten­ nas at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in July 1959. -Photo courtesy Big Four Graphics

New York Central 1811, from series 1782-1841, built January 1952. This unit is a late Phase 1 F7 A with round corners on the cab and side doors, round­ ed cab windows, and Farr grill. The very large order of 60 units was delivered during the transition period when the horizontal side louvers were changing to the vertical style louvers (phase 2). As such, some units in this order came with the vertical louvers. Note this NYC unit is void of grabirons above the cab and upper portion of the nose. -Photo taken at Weehawken, New Jersey, October 16, 1952, courtesy Big Four Graphics

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 17 MODELING THE F7, PHASE 1

I I I

The close-up photographs were all taken on the Wabash F7 number 1189 at the Monticello Railroad Museum. The cab window and door of Wabash 1189 shows the rounded cab door and the top and bottom radius of the cab window. The unit was built in April 1953 by General Motors Diesel (GMD) in London,Ontario. Normally, F7s built by EMD at this time would have exhibited phase 2 features including vertical side louvers. However, this GMD built unit came with Phase 1 features, including horizontal side louvers and the roof overhang. The forward edge of a Frr grill is evident just behind the cab. -Ed Hawkins photo

hatch alTangements could be found on The early configuration of the rear increase in size is difficult to discern. The F7s during later production, but there is door had a square window. Later on (date new design changed the windshield no pattern that could be derived. unknown at the time of this writing), the frame and gasket arrangement. A square window was replaced by a round recessed indentation approximately 1 112 Roof Overhang porthole window. inches deep was formed around the and Rear Door entire perimeter of the frame. A raised During all of F21F3 production and Nose gasket that held the glass in place was most F7 production, the rear portion of The nose of the F7 A appeared to be positioned around the inside of the the roof had a 10'/2 inch overhang at the identical to earlier versions of F3s. Two indentation. Both versions were used centerline of the unit. The overhang grad­ customer options were available for the during production in 1949. By January ually tapered to blend evenly with side. nose door. One version had a plain nose 1950, the extended view windshield Determining the precise time when the door, sometimes decorated with a railroad became the EMD standard for subse­ overhang was eliminated has been elu­ herald or number mounted on a placard. quent production of F7s. sive. According to a design change notice The second version came with a headlight in October 1952, EMD eliminated the hOLlsing, often equipped with a rotating Pilots overhang. However, the book, NEW mars light. Almost without exception, the There were numerous customer

YORK CENTRAL SYSTEM DIESEL number boards used on the F7 A were the options that were offered during Phase 1 LOCOMOnVES, shows NYC ullitnum­ large number boards pointing outward at F7 production. Two main type of pilots bers 1717 and 1718, built March 1952, roughly a 45 degree angle. One notable were offered by EMD, but these had no with no overhang. By all indications, the exception was the Pennsylvania Railroad, relevance to the phase designation. The end overhang was eliminated on all F9 who purchased their first two orders of Exposed Coupler Universal Pilot (model­ production that began in January 1954. F7As (9690A-9699A and 967 1 A-9676A) er's term: freight pilot) was by far the Was there a specific point in time when with the earlier side number boards (a most common and the Enclosed Coupler EMD eliminated the roof overhang or was throwback to the F2 design). Pilot (modeler's term: passenger pilot) the overhang phased out over an extended was also available. The Pennsylvania and period of time? Since most photos of F­ Windshield Wabash were two roads who favored the units show a 3/4 view of the nose, the rear of Some of the early Phase 1 F7s came Enclosed Coupler Pilot. Both roads used the unit is difficult if not impossible to see. with the F3 style windshield and frame. their F-units almost exclusively in freight Even broadside photos can be deceiving. There was no indentation or visible gap service, so the modeler's terms are truly a Thus, photos taken in good lighting condi­ between the edge of the frame and the misnomer. The enclosed coupler pilot tions where shadows can be seen and/or windshield glass. The gasket was difiicult originaUy came with a set of doors that photos that reveal a conclusive view of the to detect and appeared as a continuation were typically removed later on during rear of the unit are needed to detennine the of the windshield frame that curved service. A plow pilot was also offered by roof overhang configuration. some units downward to meet the glass. Early in the EMD. originally having the overhang were modi­ F7 production, EMD offered an "extend­ Dynamic Brakes fied later in their service life whereby the ed vision" windshield. The extended Another customer option offered by overhang was removed. More research is vision windshield was EMD terminology EMD was a dynamic brake grid. For the required to answer these questions. in their parts manual, but any actual phase 1 F7, the dynamic brakes had a 36

18 RAILMODELJOURNAL· APRIL 1999 The windshield close-up of Wabash 1189 shows the extended view windshield arrangement with the recessed frame and gap around the gasket. -Ed Hawkins photo

This roof view of Wabash 1189 shows the low 36 The square end of the Wabash 1189 displays the The rear sand filler hatch is shown adjacent to inch fans used on all F7s. The rear fan is covered roof overhang and rear door having the round the rear side louver of Wabash 1189. The "faucet by a winterization hatch. -Ed Hawkins photo porthole window. The diaphragm has long since handle" was a rotating locking device. Once been removed and the lower portion of the unit unlocked, the door could be swung downward to shows signs of some damage just below the open to add sand for the next trip out on the door. -Ed Hawkins photo road. -Ed Hawkins photo

inch diameter cooling fan located on the nel installed whatever type of dynamic from passenger service to fre ight service, forward roof panel. This fa n appeared as brake grid was available at the time. Thus, or vice vera, steam generators were a fifth cooling fan on the roof. In June a mixture of 36 inch fa ns and 48 inch fans removed or installed to meet ever-chang­ 1952, EMD introduced a more powerful would often result in the railroad's fleet of ing conditions. dynamic brake grid with an enlarged 48 F-units. inch diameter cooling fan. This coincides Air Horns with the increase of dynamic braking Steam Generator A variety of horns were used, with the power from the 600 amp grid to the 700 A steam generator was offe red as a 8 inch diameter trumpet "single bell" amp grid. This change was phased in over customer option fo r units assigned to pas­ Leslie or Nathan horn being the most several months and some road opted to senger service. Some 'A' units were common applied to new units. Each A­ use the 36 inch dynamic brake fa n after equipped with an extra water tank with unit equipped with this style had two the new design was available. Certain the steam generator installed only in the horns, one pointing forward the other to roads, notably the Southern Railway, 'B' unit. The steam generator equipment the rear, located above the cab. Both sin­ bought many of their F-units without was installed internally at the rear of the gle and double mounts were employed. dynamic brakes and later installed the unit and the rem' roof panel contained the The double mount horn appears to be dynamic brake grid in their company steam generator vents. As events caused most common, evidenced by the re lative shops. When this occurred, shop person- the railroads to change unit assignments numbers seen when looking at photos.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 19 MODELING TilE 7, PHASE friction ann." Trucks equipped with Hyatt replacing the original horizontal louvers. Some roads opted to use various type of bearings can be spotted by the round Photos exist where there is a mixture of cluster horns, ranging from "two bell" to bearing extending from the side frame. horizontal side louvers and vertical lou­ "five bell" styles. In some cases the mul­ vers. Numerous Santa Fe units (painted in tiple trumpets all faced fo rward and oth­ Transition of the Phase 1 F7A the passenger Warbonnet scheme), pho­ ers contained trumpets that pointed in Unlike the fo ur generally accepted tographed during he 1960s, exhibit opposite directions. For the extreme, phase designations for the F3A, each hav­ changes of these types. As such, a unit Western Maryland equipped their F7 A ing a clear-cut definition of features, the with certain features evident in a builder's units with twin clusters of five bell horns, phase designation for the F7 A is not well photo can appear completely different in one cluster pointing forward and the other defined and clear-cut. Instead of the a photo taken during its service life , par­ pointing to the rear. rather sweeping changes that occurred ticularly during the 1960s or later. during F3A production, the changes Incidentally, changes to B-units were not Handrails/Grabirons occurring during F7 A production were nearly so complex. For B-units, the exter­ Standard handrai Is were used above more subtle and were introduced at dif­ nal design re mained relatively stable over each side stirrup with a pair at the cab ferent times. the span of production. door, side access door, and rear of the Beginning in January 1952, EMD unit. Standard grabirons were used on introduced another design change. This Conclusion either side of the nose door and near the change involved part of the "definition" The Phase J F7 was built fo r more outboard edge of the anticlimber. Some of a Phase I F7A, going from the hori­ than two years without "major" changes roads opted to have EMD equip the unit zontal side louvers to vertical louvers. For during a period when production rates with grabirons above the windshield (eye­ a month or so thereafter, some units were were high. As such, approximately 46 brow) and above the cab door on the roof. built with horizontal louvers while others rai lroads purchased these units from Tn some cases an irregular shaped grab got vertical louvers. A large order of 60 EMD and GMD. December 1953 marked was installed on the side of the nose, near units for NYC (series 1782- 1841), built the end of F7 production when, in the lower outboard corner of the wind­ from November 1951 through March January 1954, the F9 commenced pro­ shield. As time passed, more grabirons 1952, were delivered during the l1'ansi­ duction. By then the GP7 had been avail­ were typically added to the units by the tion. As an example, unit 1811 (built able for a few years and the railroads had railroads for improved safety and easier January 1952) had horizontal louvers and already begun to favor the GP style maintenance. By 1960, many railroads unit J 83 1 (built February 1952) came design because of easier maintenance. added an entire row of grab irons along with vertical louvers. By March 1952, tbe There were approximately 1,900 F7A the right side of the nose. Photos of F­ vertical louvers were used on all units units built with Phase I fe atures as units taken during the 1 960s or later show coming down the La Grange production described herein. For years they were the mul tiple applications of grabirons having line. Some exceptions exist with units workIlorse for freight and passenger various sizes, shapes, and location with built by General Motors Diesel (GMD) at trains alike. The colorful units, accompa­ little commonality. their London, Ontario plant. They contin­ nied by sleek lines and/or nose decora­ ued to produce units with horizontal lou­ tion, were a sight to behold when operat­ Diaphragms vers. For example, Wa bash units built in ed as matched sets. Throughout the 1950s When the F7s were bought from April 1953 at GMD had horizontal lou­ they could be seen in all parts of America EMD, railroads typically operated the vers and retained the end overhang. as well as Canada and Mexico. Still locomotives in A-B-B-A, A-B-A, A-B-B. Sounds complicated? today, some 50 years later, they are still a A-A, or A-B configurations depending on favorite with railroad enthusiasts and the amount of horsepower required. The EMD F7A, Phase 2 modelers interested in the Golden Age of Because the railroads initially kept the In an attempt to simplify F7phase des­ railroads. units together, essentially operating as ignations, r have established my own def­ The author wishes to express his sin­ one locomotive, they were usually inition for the F7 A, Phase 2: the phase 2 cere thanks to the people who manage equipped with diaphragms. As the num­ F7A simply requires four vertical side and operate the Monticello Railroad bered sets of locomotives began to be bro­ louvers. Any other combination of the Museum in Monticello, minois. special ken up and operated with other types of aforementioned variables simply does not thanks to Mr. Paul Nelson, Ms. Donna power, the diaphragms no longer served a matter. You may or may not agree with McClure, and Mr. Charlie Day fo r pro­ purpose and were often re moved. This is this definition, but [ wanted to establish a viding access to their Wabash F7 A & for particularly true of the units that lasted standard criteria for identifying units in making my visits to the museum produc­ beyond the mid-1 960s and into the 1 970s as-built condition. Thus far, I have not tive and memorable. Also, many thanks to or later. located any other "generally accepted" the numerous individuals who provided criteria to fo llow. me with data on specific units or series of Trucks In addition to the above, determining units. All of the data, when viewed cumu­ F7s typically rode on four-wheel the phase designation is further compli­ latively, helped piece together the many Blomberg trucks, but like the car body cated by the many upgrades that were changes introduced by EMD over the pro­ there were variances in the design of the made to F-units during their life span. duction span. While the list of names is trucks. Primarily, the differences were Many F3s/F7s were upgraded to F7/F9 nearly as long as the rai lroads who owned due to the types of bearings. Also, a note specs both internally and externally. F-units, I give special mention to Jim in the EMD parts manual states, "About Photos of in-service F-units that were Mischke, Jack Consoli, and Dennis Mize June, J950 the truck frame boss was originally built as phase I F7A units for their frequent and in-depth assistance. enlarged to accommodate a heavier out­ reveal changes. usually during the 1960s, In addition, special thanks to Pat Wider & side brake hanger pin for the improved with Farr-Air grills replacing the original Charles Roth for the many books loaned design clasp brake which eliminates the horizontal grill and/or vertical louvers fo r research. RMJ

20 RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 ------[ DIESELS, ONE-DETAIL-AT-A-TIME] ------

Photos from the collection of Louis A. Marre

he Dash 8-32BWH was made unique fully enclosed carbody that is (7283 No. Stagecoach Dr., Park City, only for Amtrak. It was the called the "Genesis Series I" as pur­ UT 84060 ) offers a Dash 8-40B body 3200-horsepower version of the Dash chased by Amtrak and also refened to and frame. The wide cab would have to 8-40BW, General Electric's 4000- as P40, AMD- I03 or Dash 8-40BWH. be removed from a Rail Power Dash 8- horsepower fo ur-axle road switcher. The P40/AMD- J 03/Dash 8-40BWH 40CW and adapted to the Dash 8-40B The locomotive is virtually identical to "Genesis" Amtrak locomotives were body shell. The Rail Power frame will the Dash 8-40BW except for the 32's featured in the "One-Detail-At-A­ accept the trucks and motor from the six engine-access panels. There's a photo­ Time" alticle by Ed Ryan in the March Athearn U30B. Proto Power West, graph of one of these Dash 8-32BWH 1998 issue of "The Journal." The Overland and Hobbytown also make locomotives in service (identifi ed as a Dash 8-40BW diesels are essentially chassis to fit the Rail Power body. Dash 8-40BW to match Walther's HO 4,000-horsepower, fo ur-axle versions N Scale: None known, but the scale model's label) with the Santa Fe of the massive 4400-horsepower six­ Bachmann Dash 8-40CW body could "Southwest Chief' consist, in tbe May axle Dash 9-44CW locomotives. The be cut down to fit the Kato RS2 or the 1998 issue of "The Journal." The May and September 1990 issues of Atlas RS3 or RS l1 to make a "stand-in." Dash 8-32BWH locomotives, in num­ "The Journal" included D. Scott ber series 500-519 purchased by Chatfield's articles illustrating the dif­ Paint Amtrak in 1991, were also designated fe rences between the various Dash 8 Platinum Mist: Floquil l10144 P32BH. The Dash 8-32BWH or P32 Geueral Electric diesels. The Santa Fe's locomotives were the predecessors for number 507 Dash 8-40B was featured Decals: the Dash 8-40BWH "Genesis" Amtrak in a "One-Detail-At-A-Time" article in HO Scale: Microscale 87-675 locomotives from General Electric. the May 1997 issue. N Scale: Microscale 60-675 The Dash 8-40 selies was offered in a choice of three distinct carbodies; the Scale Model GE Dash One-Detail-At-A-Time Dash 8-40BW with the wide cab as 8-32BWHs (HO Scale) shown, the Dash 8-40B with a cab sim­ HO Scale: Walthers has the similar Step-by-step instructions on how to ilar to the previous U-series, and the Dash 8-40BW and Rail Power Products install many of these detail parts RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 21 appeared in the June 1989 issue of "The Journal." That article is also reprinted in the book TUNING & UPGRADING ATHEARN LOCOMO­ TIVES. The August 1993 issue has a step-by-step article on how to apply superdetails to the Santa Fe Dash 8- 40CW that would be very helpful in upgrading a Walthers or Rail Power Dash 8-40BW. An article on how to disassemble an Athearn chassis to instaJl a Rail Power Products franle and body and how to install the handrails and details on the body appeared in the October ]994 issue.

A-Line, P. O. Box 2701, Cadsbad, CA 92018: 1 -29200 Windshield wipers $1.85/8 2-29232 Etched steps 3. 15/set (for RPP body)

Cal-Scale (division of Bowser Mfg. Co.,Inc.), 21 Howard St, Montoursville, PA 17754-0322: 3-3 14 Drain cocks $4.25/13 (right side) 4-320 Air hoses 1.85/2 sets 1-419 Windshield wipers 3.50/2 pro 5-420 Air horn 4.95 ea. 7-430 Bell 2.95 ea. 6-43 1 Fuel ftIlers 2.50/set

Custom Finishing, 379 Tulley Rd., 18-2210 Chain (also on 2.25/1 2 in. 6- 1 66 Fuel fi llers 1.00/4 Orange, MA 01364: left, rear truck) 8-172 Walkway (ditch) lights 1.25/8 8- 1 12 Walkway (ditch) lights $4.95/2 19-22 1 1 Coupler lift bars 2.25/2 5- 190 Air horn 2 .50 ea. 7-J37 Bell 3.89 ea. 20-2304 Wind deflectors 2.50/3 pr. 26- 196 Spare coupler 1.00/2 J 1-195 Speed recorders 1.00/2 21-2717 Etched grilles 5.00/set knuckles & holders (on left (left side) (modified) rear truck) 5-22 1 Air horn 3.69 ea. ] ] -2808 Speed recorders 1.75/4 22-20 1 Sand ftl1er hatches 1.25/4 9-229 Electrical pickup 4.59 ea. '22-3001 Sand ti ller hatches 1.00/4 27-220 MU hoses 1.95/2 shoe 6-3 102 Fuel tank fi ttings 1.00/2 14-229 Ditch lights 2.25/2 10-257 MU hoses (3) 5.39/4 pro (fillers ) 28-263 Detailed air tank 5.25 ea. 23-3506 F-B2 truck 8.95/4 10-266 MU hoses 3.75/4 sets Detail Associates, Box 5357, San Luis sidefi'ames (for RPP models) (set of 3) Obispo, CA 93403: 4-6206 Air hoses 1.25/6 4-267 Air hoses 1.25/2 12-1003 Headlights $1.00/2 24-6238 Brake wheels 1.25/2 28-27 1 HEP cables 22.95/set 13-1004 Headljghts 1.00/2 (left side) (included in AMD 1 03 (modified) (P40 & P42) Detail Set with 14-1025 Ditch lights 1.00/2 Details West, P. O. Box 61, Corona, 263 air tank details, 196 spare 15-1 108 Lift rings & hinges 1.50/12 CA 91718: knuckle & holder, Salem air 7- 1 202 Bells (left side) 1.25/2 13-1 14 Headlights $ LOO/2 dryers and 127 bells) 16-1507 MU receptacles 1.25/30 (moditied) 10-1508 MU hoses 2.00/ 16 12-1 17 Headlights .70/2 Overland Models, Inc., 3808 W. 5- 160] Air horns 1.75/2 7-1 27 Bells (left side) 1.25/2 Kilgore Ave., Muncie, IN 47304: 17-2202 Grabirons 2.50/48 25- 155 Snowplow 1.50 ea. 5-9010 Air horn $3 .50 ea.

22 RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 29-9042 Salem dryer (small) 2.20 ea. Precision Scale, 3961 Highway 93 Windows for the Rail Power 29-9043 Salem dryers 4.85/set North, Stevensville, MT 59870: Dash 9-44CW Body Shell: (large-left side) 1-3968 Windshield wipers $1.25/4 American Model Builders, Inc., 1420 7-9130 Bell (left side) 2.50 ea. 27-39059 MU hoses (4) 1.75/4 Handley Industrial Ct., St. Louis, 24-9 143 Brake wheel 1.75 ea. 25-39062 Snowplow 3.00 ea. MO 63144: (left side) (modified) 8-40CW Windows for Rail $3.95 19-9151 Coupler lift bars 2.50/2 6-39080 Fuel fillers 1.00/4 Power body 30-9200 Exhaust stack 6.70 ea. 5-39084 Air horn 2.75 ea.

12-9277 Headlight 2.30 ea. 4-391 18 Air hoses I.5 Oi l 0 Run 8 Productions, P. O. Box 25224, 20-9327 Mirrors (wind 3.3514 20-39 150 Wind deflectors 2.25/4 pI'. Rochester, NY 14625: defleotors) 18-48237 Chain 2.50110 in. 1 873-8-40CW Windows $2.95 10-9350 MU hoses 7.35/4 sets (set of 3) Rail Detail Products, Rt. 1, Box Ordering Information: 27-9352 MU hoses 7.35/4 777C, Angleton, TX 77515: All of these parts are avai lable to any 22-9403 Sand filJer 3.75/2 31-1 10 Handrail and $9.95/set hobby dealer, so your dealer can order 25-9550 Snowplow 10.85 ea. stanchion kit (modified) for you. If you must order direct, order (modified) the full package quantities shown and 26-9702 Spare coupler 5.00/2 Smokey Va lley Railroad Products, include $5.00 per order for postage or knuckles & holders (left P. O. Box 339, Plantersville, MS 38862: UPS and handling. RMJ rear truck) 31-2 15 Preformed handrail $15.95 8-9708 Walkway (ditch) 7.50/6 & stanchion kit (modified) lights

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 23 ,------[EXPERIENCE] ------I PREVIOUS ARTICLES THAT PR?VIDE ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONFOR ARTICLES IN THIS ISSUE (ON THE PAGES INDICATED).

UPGRADING Part XVlI, upgrading Atlas 50-foot FGE box cars with Fruehauf 48-foot Quantum trailers from A-Line HO N SCALE MODELS etched-metal steps, platforms, brake wheels and scale kits, by David Hussey, April 1992. Micro-Trains couplers, June 1995. Tractors (cabs) and trailers from Model Power, A-Line (Article appears pages of this issue. ) on 6-7. 66. 67 Part XVIII, upgrading Atlas PS-2 two-bay covered hop­ and Aurora models, by Richard Yaremko, May 1992. pers with Gold Medal Models roofwalks, Micro­ Greg's Garage and Monogram (now Con-Cor) HO scale Part I of this series, on upgrading the Atlas or Trains couplers and weathering, August 1995. trucks and automobiles, March 1990. Bachmann PS-2 three-bay covered hoppers with Note: Parts I through IX of this series also appeared in Creating realistic headlights on automobiles and trucks Plano roorwalks and truck-mounted couplers, June the book, THE JOURNAL OF N SCALE with MV lenses and other details by Ken Patterson, 1992. MODELING. April 1995. Part II, on upgrading Atlas (and most other brands) Adding shadow details to simulate wire grabirons and Simulating chrome trim on automobiles and trucks by open-top hoppers with N Scale of Nevada body­ ladders on 40-foot box cars, August 1995. Ken Patterson, March 1996. mount coupler adapters, November 1992. Derail-proofing Con-Cor's 'Fucl Foiler' intermodal Assembling and painting metal truck and automobile Pari III, on upgrading Atlas box cars with Plano articulated spine cars, Seplember 1995. kits in HO and N scales, June 1997. roofwalks, Micro-Trains steps , brake wheels, Upgrading Atlas, Delaware Valley or Bachmann cov­ Modeling oil tank trucks in HO and scales. June 1997. wheelsets and body-mount couplers, plus brush-on ' ered hoppers with wire handrails and end supports, Updating, backdating and superdetailing trucks and paslei chalk weathering, February 1993. November 1995. vans, by Mike Budde. Augusl 1 997. Part IV, on upgrading Ihe Precision Maslers 54-fOOl Correct-scale handrails and stanchions, the easy way, Report on 1997 National Ve hicle Modelino'" Convelllion covered hoppers wilh shaded-in roofwalk details for any N scale diesel locomotive, by Bill Pearce, October 1997. Micro-Trains brake wheels, wheelsels and couplers : February 1996. Hi-Rail work truck kit-conversion from C in C and with the Precision Master body-mount coupler Adding roof hatch detail to Atlas, Delaware Valley or Walthers kits in HO scale by Mike Budde, January adapters, May 1993. Bachmann covered hoppers, May 1996. 1998. Part on upgrading any of the MDC (Roundhouse) 50- Y, Converting the Kato SD40 and Bachmann or Con-Cor Kenwonh T600 truck, trailer and tractor load from foot cars or reefers with Micro-Trains body-mount SD40-2 into Canadian wide-cab diesels. by Michael Herpa, Trucks' N Stuff, and Preiser HO scale mod­ couplers, brake wheels & wheelsets, July 1991 Livingston, May 1996. els, by Dan Goins, April 1999. Part VI, on upgrading the Atlas or Bachmann 55-foot Upgrading Walthers N scale Thrall intermodal well cars Center Flow covered hoppers with Micro-Trains with Gold Medal Models etched-metal walkways, body-mount couplers, low-profile wheelsets and AIR BRUSH & steps and grabirons, June 1996. brake wheels and Plano etched-metal roofwalks, WEATHERING TECHNIQUES Upgrading MDC/Roundhouse three-bay rib-side and August 1993. orfset-side hoppers with lowered bodies and Micro­ (Article appears all pages 8-12 of tilis iSSl/e. ) Part VII, on upgrading Micro-Trains box cars or reefers Trains couplers, August 1997. with body-mounted couplers and (where applicable) Upgrading Kato USRA Heavy 2-8-2 locomotives to Weathering with conventional paints, December 1989. Plano etched-metal roofwalks, September 1991 match Southern and Burlington prototypes, October Basic airbrush selection and spraying techniques, Part VITI, on installing Micro-Trains couplers on diesel and November 1997. January 1992. locomotives, October 1991 Modeling the Pennsylvania Railroad L-I 2-8-2 with Painting with water-based acrylics, March 1992. Pan lX, on upgrading Con-Cor's extended-vision cupola GHQ's cast-metal conversion kit for Kato's Mikado Weathering structures with an airbrush, April 1991 caboose with Micro-Trains couplers and finer ladders ' June 1998. Painting Design Preservation and Ma"o nuson buildinos" and railings, November 1993. (A conversion with a Upgrading Kato's factory-painted GE C44-9W diesel with paintbrush, June 1993. complete chassis appeared in the July 1994 issue.) with details and new decals, by Bill Pearce, July Weathering freight cars with powdered pastel chalks, Part X, on upgrading MDC/Roundhouse N scale tank 1998 December 1993. cars with Plano (or Gold Medal Models) etched-metal Upgrading Model Power 40-foot box cars to duplicate Simulating wood decks on plastic flat cars, April and platforms, ladders and walkways with Micro-Trains May 1994. 1920- 1923 AAR 40-foot single-door box cars. by steps and low-profile wheelsets, February 1994. , Keith Kohlmann, August 1998. Weathering freight cars with repainted data markinos" Part XI, on upgrading Micro-Trains flat cars or gondo­ June 1994. Upgrade Kato's GE Dash 9-44CW to match BNSF pro­ las with body-mounted couplers, low-profile Weathering covered hopper cars with genuine cement, totypes, by Buzz Lenander, September 1998. wheelsets and simulated wood-grain decks, May July 1994. Upgrade InterMountain's PFE R-40-23 reefers, by 1994. Weathering diesel locomotives with powdered pastel Keith Kohlmann. September 1998. Part XII, on upgrading Con-Cor extended-vision chalks, November 1994. cabooses with Micro-Trains chassis, couplers and Upgrade E-R Models and Model Power bay window Painting auto racks and automobiles, April and July, ladders, July 1994. (A similar conversion, with only cabooses with Micro-Trains ladders, railings, 1995. new ladders, wheelsets and couplers, appeared in the wheelsets and couplers, January 1999. Weathering diesels (the Proto 2000 HO scale SD7) with February 1993 issue.) Kit-Conversion and upgrade for InterMountain's 50- powdered pastel chalks, October 1995. Part XIII, on upgrading Bachmann's extended-vision foot box car 10 a Pennsy X-38 car in N scale by Keith Contest-winning weathering techniques from the caboose with Micro-Trains caboose chassis trucks Kohlmann, February 1999. ' AccuraillRailmodel Journal 1995 weatherin'"o couplers and ladders, September 1994. Upgrade Kato's EMD GP50 to match a Santa Fe proto­ COlllest, January 1996. Part XIV, on upgrading the Bachmann four-wheel type, by Bill Pearce, February 1999. Weathering structure models with powdered pastel caboose with Micro-Train couplers and (an optional) 40-foot AAR 1932 box car kit-conversion and upgrades chalks, June 1996. new body, October 1994. from Model Power reefer models, by Keith Painting steam locomotives with an airbrush, slep-by­ Part XV, on upgrading the Con-Cor auto rack cars with Kohlmann, April 1999. step, November 1997. etched-metal side panels and Micro-Trains trucks Weathering steam locomotives to match specificproto­ and couplers, November 1994. TRUCK & AUTOMOBILE types, step-by-step, November 1997. Part XVI, upgrading Atlas or Micro-Trains two-bay Weathering fre ight cars with artists's oil colors and Center Flow CF2980 covered hopper cars with MODELING techniques, by Mike Budde, December 1997. body-mounted couplers, etched-metal roofwalks and (Article appears all pages of this issl/e.) 38-39 Sandblasting for modelers, the best way to prepare new wheelsets, January 1995. brass for paint and to strip paint from plastic, by Upgrading N scale freighl cars with inked-on shadows CNW and IC 40-foot exterior-post trailers from the six­ Richard Hendrickson, September 1998. to make molded-on grabirons and ladders appear to ties, Mark Vaughan and D. Scott Chatfield, June Applying modern-era graffiti with drafting pens. by be separate wire parts, April 1995. 1990. Stephen M. Priest, December 1998.

24 RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 Painting injection-molded plastic kit buildings to simu­ 10-foot 4-inch x 9-foot 7-inch N scale (adaptable, in the Modeling real world scenes from the Frisco on Rick late individual bricks, by Dennis V. Blunt. April same space to HO scale) shelf layout plan of The McClellan's 1-10 scale layout, February 1998. 1999. Westmont Central, by Ed Vondrak, June 1995. Railroad on a wall; five I x 6-foot shelf layouts with la-foot 4-inch x 9-foot 7-inch 1-10 scale shelf layout cartloat interchange between shelves. by Ed Vondrak, April 1998. LAYOUT DESIGN plan, the Auburn & Winchester, by Ed Vondrak. August 1995. Layout design using specific prototype track arrange­ (Articles appeal" Oil pages 40-47 aJ This isslle.) 17-foot x 7-foot 6-inch HO scale Modoc Mine Division ments, structures and scenery on Doug Taylor's I-IOn3 East Broad Top layout, May 1998. Most of the articles on layouts already completed in of the Santa Fe Southwestcrn, by Ed Vo ndrak. October Modeling from the prototype: recreating scenes our monthly series "Your Layout, On Tour" include a 1995. along track diagram that indicates approximately where the Using removable and interchangeable structures or dio­ the Burlington Northern in Iowa on Steve Rosnick's track is routed. These plans are intended to give you a ramas to model different eras on the same layout or 1-10 scale layout, June 1998. general impression of the layout and where the pho­ module as parts of the "A Change of Scene" series. Modeling the Pennsylvania Railroad's Sunnyside pas­ tographs were taken. Few modelers would have identi­ January 1996. senger yard and the Long Island Railroad's Freight cal spaces where they might want to duplicate these lay­ Modeling specific real railroad scenes on the L&N, as Yard in 1-10 scale, by Nicholas Kalis, July 1998. outs exactly. Most of the track plans listed below, how­ recreated by Michael George in 1-10 scale, February Modeling the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad. with ever, include the precise locations of curve centers. the 1996. notes on yard operations. in 1-10 scale by Ted Wilks. locations of turnout points and frogs and the locations Two lO x I I-foot rooms, 1-10 scale Cedar Falls & Maple August 1998. ' of track elevations. All of these locations are necessary Valley, by Ed Vo ndrak, March 1996. "A Change of Scene; Part VI: Temporary changes of to recreate andlor modify a plan in full size to build that Turnouts versus sector plates, a pair of 2 x 8-foot season or era, by Gary I-Ioover. September 1998. model railroad. Some of the articles are discussions of switching layouts with the space-saving advantages A revisit to modeling the Louisville and Nashville Railroad's Knoxville and Atlanta Division in track planning principles that apply to any layout. 01' the sector plate. by Ed Vo ndrak, May 1996. 1-10 scale, by Michael George, September 1998. Building racks to transport and store modular layout Ottawa Silica S and prototype plant photos with both sections. by the Midwest Valley Modelers, May Modeling midwestern Union Pacific engine terminals model and prototype track plans, August and 1996. on 1-10 scale modules. by Mel Johnson. October September 1989. Gifford & Tiosa RR, a bedroom-sized layout for HO or 1998. Frank Ellison's town. Donaldson, and its oil depot, N scale. by Ed Vo ndrak, August 1996. The Smithfield and Western, a lO x 10-foot 1-10 scale November 1990 and April 1991. Modeling the Norfolk & Western Railroad's shelf layout with a second deck of staging reached B&O on two decks in N scale (4x 16 feet) or 1-10 scale via a vertical turnout, by Ed Vondrak, November (5.5 x 29 feet), March and June 1991. Shenandoah Division in 1-10scale in a 52 x 94-foot 1998. ATSF/BN/D&RGW "Joint Line" on two decks, in 1-10 basement, by Jim Brewer, October 1996. The Aberdeen Short Line, a 2 x 7-foot 1-10 scale shelf scale, in 12.75 x 20.5 feet, July and August 1991. A point-to-point layout with a loop and easy staging for layoul with behind-the-scene staging and rail-marine Thurmond, West Virginia, February 1990 and April two towns, by Don Coppola, November 1996. carnoal staging, by Ed Vondrak, March 1999. 1992. Adapting a prototype oil refinery track plan to an BNSF/CP Rail Joint Line from St. Paul, Minnesota. Frank Ellison's town, Raymondale, with plans and NTRAK module, by Buzz Lenander, November south, in HO scale, by Mike Soebbing, April 1999. background planning "A Town Is More Than A 1996. Station," May 1992 and April 1993. "A Change of Scene," using oil depots to recreate indus­ Modeling the city, a compact track plan (2.5 x 6.5 feet trial scenes circa 1931. 1946, 1956 and 1966, January MODELING RAIL/MARINE in 1-10 scale, I x 3.5 feet in N scale or 4.5 x 12 feet 1997. INDUSTRIES in 0 scale, June Modeling the Southern Railway's "Rathole" division in 1992. (Article appears pages 56-65 oJ This issue. ) Layout design improvements for existing layouts, a cri­ 1-10scale, by J.D. Smith, February 1997. on tique of the N scale Cumberland Valley Railroad of Knightstown andlor Princeton, a single or double-deck Bill and Wayne Reid, by the Reids and Doug Gurin, shelf layout for lO x 10 feet in HO or N scale, with Plans, prototype photos and operations of carnoal trans­ July 1994. sector plate staging yards, by Ed Vo ndrak, February fer bridge at Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Jim Providenza's double-deck Santa Cruz Northern, 1997. November 1992. based on the Western Pacilic Railroad, appeared in Steel mills, concrete dealers and other heavy industry on "Two shortlines," a track plan for 20 x 20 feet in 1-10 scale or 0 x 14 feet in N scale with the Feyn Point the December 1991 issue, and articles on the opera­ portable, modular layouts. The Calypso Yard I Wharf for cartloat staging, by Ed Vo ndrak. Apri I tions on that model railroad appeared in the May and Railroad, by Phil Baggley, March 1997. 1997. July 1992, May. June and September 1993 and July Two short lines, a dogbone-style walk-in layout for "Walport and East Ridge," a track plan for I 0 x 12 feet 1994 issues. lOx 14 feet in 1-10 scale. by Ed Vo ndrak, April 1997. in 1-10 scale or 8 x 9 feet in N scale, with the car fe rry Modeling Minnewaukan. North Dakota, prototype Adapting N scale modular layouts to NTRAK inter­ or carlloat staging operations at Walport, by Ed plans circa 1902 and 1970, December 1994. faces on the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway's New Vo ndrak, July 1997. 8 x 9-foot double-deck 1-10 scale layout. the Coquille & River Subdivision, by Bernard Kempinski. August Operations at the SouthernPaci fic'sOakland Mole by Crescent City. by Ed Vo ndrak, February 1995. 1996 and May 1997. Anthony Thompson and Pliny I-Iolt's N scale model lO x 20-foot track plan for Ed Spiller's 1-10 scale "A Change of Scene," Part IV: Changing locomotives of the "Mole." January 1998. Ve rmont-based Danby. Ludlow & Springfield and rolling stock to recreate I-linton, West Virginia as Railroad on a Wall; five x 6-foOl shelf layouts with Railroad, April 1995. it was on June 15, 1956 and November 15. 1973. May I carfloat interchange between shelves. by Ed 10-foot 4-inch x 9-foot 7-inch N scale (adaptable, in the 1997. same space to 1-10 scale) shelf layout plan. The Vo ndrak, April 1998. Staging tracks on a giant turntable as part of around­ We stmont Central, by Ed Vo ndrak, June 1995. Modeling a rail/marine intermodal terminal with plans the-wall layout designed fo r lO x 12 feet in 1-10 l a-foot 4-inch x 9-foot 7-inch HO scale shelf layout for a container-loading crane from clock to ship, by scale, the Waldport & East Ridge, by Ed Vo ndrak, plan, the Auburn & Winchester, by Ed Vo ndrak, Bernard Kempillski, May 1998. July 1997. August 1995. Modeling I-Iulett ore-unloading m achines in styrene. by Two decks, no helix, a double-deck layout in 1-10 scale 27x47-foot 1-10 scale DM&lR (Missabe Northern) dou­ Lawson Stevenson. July 1998. for a 9-foot 7-inch x I I-foot space. October 1997. ble-deck layout as built and as projected improved Where to lind and holYto use aerial "Port Series" pho­ 12 x 18-foot N scale shelf layout based on the BN and version, by Jeff Ouo, December 1995. tographs to design rail/marine industries and track Union Pacific operations in the Coeur d' Alene NTRAK module planning using transition modules and plans. by Dan I-Iolbrook and John Bauer. August mountains, December 1997. multi-module sets for more realistic scenes, by 1998. "A Change of Scene." changing eras from July 1945 to 1 Kelley Newton, December 1995. Railroad-operated tugboats, from Walthers 1-0 scale July 1974. with locomotives. rolling stock and vehi­ lO x 20-foot track plan for Ed Spiller's 1-10 scale kit. by John Te ichmoeller, January 1999. cles on Rick McClellan's HO scale Frisco Railroad, Ve rmont-based Danby, Ludlow & Springfield Upgrading Walther's HO scale carfioals, by Ronald February 1998. Railroad, April 1995. Parisi, April 1999.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 25 ------[PAINT & DECALS] ------

By Richard H. Hendrickson

PRR 175232 was photographed in 1941 bearing a restored nineteenth century passenger car, one of the more unusual loads carried by the F30A class flat cars. -M. D. McCarter photo

he Pennsylvania Railroad, decks, were unusually strong. (In fact, up to 200 tons which were both for many years the largest during World War II they were upgrad­ stronger and lighter than comparable and most prosperous railroad in the ed from seventy to 95 tons, presumably cars with built-up frames. Since these world, was noted for its many engi­ by fitting higher capacity trucks and castings incorporated all necessary neering innovations. Among them was wheels.) components except for decks, ru nning the design fo r the F30A class flat cars, Even as the F30 class flat cars were gear, and safety appliances, they could the first such cars built in large num­ being built, however, Pennsy engineers be completed in a railroad's own shops bers which had one-piece cast-steel were exploring a radically new at a considerable saving when com­ frames. approach to flat car construction. In the pared to the cost of purchasing equiva­ Their immediate predecessors were 1920s the General Steel Castings lent cars from a commercial car builder. 100 cars of the F30 class, built in 1929 Company CGSC) had developed a The Pennsylvania, recognizing that and numbered 470 1 00-4701 99, which process for making huge and complex conventional flat cars as well as spe­ were 50 fe et in length overall and had a one-piece castings snch as locomotive cial-duty cars would benefit from the nominal capacity of 70 tons. These frames. This new technology had been advantages of one-piece cast-steel cars, though they were of conventional used in the construction of some frames, worked with GSC in adapting riveted steel construction with wood heavy-duty flat cars with capacities of the F30 design to this type of construc-

26 RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 With the growing importance of trailer-on-flat-car service in the 1950s, the Pennsylvania Railroad founded the Trailer Train Co. to provide nationwide inter­ change ofTOFC cars, and in its formative yearsTrailerTrain operated many former Pennsy flat cars that had been converted for trailer loading. Included among them were cast-steel F30As like the car shown here. Despite the change in ownership and reporting marks TTX 475031 kept its original PRR number. The 86 cars in TTX series 475001-475086 were reclassified F30D. Note that the original trucks were converted to roller bearings. -Jay Williams collection

tion. The result was a complicated cast­ These castings were then transformed Co. fo r the Erie Railroad and the other ing with side sills, end sills, and stake into finished F30A class flat cars at the the Pennsy's cast-steel F30A. pockets cast integral with the under­ Pennsy's Pitcairn, Pennsylvania shops Despite the AAR's endorsement, frame. The strength and rigidity of this by applying trucks and couplers, air however, the Pennsy cars were never casting permitted shallower sections to brake and hand brake equipment, steps duplicated for any other railroad .

be used, so the height of the deck and grabirons, and wood decking. (For When the Reading acquired SO cast­ above the rai ls (and thus increasing the some unknown reason, one additional steel 70- ton flat cars of class FMC in

height of the load that could be carried) car was added to the F30A roster in ] 937, their frame castings were of a was reduced by almost five inches. To 1941 by the PRR car shops at Altoona, diffe rent and simpler design than those make this low height possible, the tops Pennsylvania.) of the F30As. And in the late 1940s of the body bolsters and draft gear Completion of the F30A class pro­ and 1950s, when many other rail roads boxes were flush with the tops of the vided the Pennsylvania Railroad with began ordering cast-steel flat car wooden decking. The cars that resulted the largest fleet of 70-ton flat cars in frames, they were also of a less com­ were designated class F30A, despite North America, and these cast-steel plicated design developed in-house by the fact that they bore scant resem­ cars proved to be entirely satisfactory GSc. Thus, despite their advanced blance to the F30s except fo r overall in revenue service. In fact, when the design when they first appeared in length and width. Car Construction Committee of the 1934, the F30As remained unique to Though the economic depression Association of American Railroads the Pennsylvania Railroad, perhaps that followed the 1929 market crash was instructed in 1941 to identify as because (like other Pennsy cars) they was at its worst in the early 1930s, the "recommended practice" the best exist­ were regarded by the mechanical offi ­ Pennsy secured fi nancing for new ing freight car designs which could be cers of other lines as "over-engi­ freight cars of several types from the produced rapidly and economically in neered" and excessively costl y. federal government's Reconstruction the event of American involvement in Even so, these distinctive cast-steel Finance Corporation and spent part of World War II, two 70-ton flat cars were flat cars are well worth modeling, and it on 1,500 cast-steel flat car frames so designated, one a riveted-steel not just by devotees of the Pennsy. As which were delivered by GSC in 1934. design built by the Greenville Steel Car with other PRR freight cars, there were

The Bowser F30A model after having the molded-on plastic grabirons and steps carved off and replaced with free standing wire parts. Other additions include Life-Like metal wheelsets with the treads polished, brass wire uncoupling levers, weathering, re-stenciled weight and repacking data, route cards, and chalk markings. The covered machinery loads are Chooch resin moldings modified so the covers look more like canvas and less like Saran Wrap. The wood crate was built up from materials in the scrap box and Jaeger "do not hump" placards. -Richard Hendrickson photo

RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 27 F .... D""a ARS

Post-1954 style lettering applied to F30A class flat cars is illustrated by this view of PRR 474078 at Baltimore in 1962. -Howard Ameling photo

a lot of F30As, as flat cars went, and car model's underframe is almost and more orange color to represent they turned up almost everywhere on invisible once the car is on the b·ack. Pennsy oxide red, and letter it yourself. the North American rai l system. They As on other Bowser fre ight cars, steps Also, Bowser's flat cars have decks paint­ also lasted a long time. In the 1950s and grabirons are molded on, but they are ed the same color as the body, whereas the and '60s, some were equipped with precisely formed and close to scale in prototype decks were unpainted wood. wider decks (becoming class F30E), size. The kits come with horn-hook cou­ FactolY letteling is crisp and accurate, bul kheads for wallboard loading plers, but the coupler boxes readily however. (becoming class F30F), or special accept the Kadee-style knuckJe couplers I upgraded my Bowser flat car by fit­ equipment fo r such cargoes as highway that are now almost universally used by ting Kadee couplers, wire grabirons, and trai lers, hot rolled steel, or sheet tin scale modelers. Trucks are more prob­ A-Line metal steps. I also added uncou­ plate. Most, however, remained in gen­ lematical. The b·ucks included in the kits pling levers made from brass wire and an eral service. In one form or another, represent a Pennsy-designed 50-ton pro­ air brake retainer valve on the left side almost all of the F30As were still on totype with coil springs, whereas the sill near the B end. After touching up the roster when the Pennsy and arch­ F30A flat cars had somewhat heavier 70- these added details, I "distressed" the rival New Yo rk Central merged to fo rm ton trucks with elliptical leaf splings in deck and painted it (as illustrated in the Penn-Central in 1968, more than thirty the center of the spring groups and coil April and May 1994 issues of "The years after they were bu ilt. Many were springs on either side. Unfoltunately, this Journal") first with a flat tan color and eventually repainted and restenciled discrepancy isn't easy to correct, since then with washes of grimy gray applied with PC reporting marks, and at least a PRR 70-ton coil-elliptic trucks have in varying degrees to the individual fe w survived into the Conrai l era. never been modeled in HO (or any other boards, being careful to leave the painted Overdesigned they may have been, but scale). steel portions of the deck unweathered. I on the basis of durability and longevity We ight is provided in the fo rm of fo llowed this with heavy weathering they were among the Pennsy's better steel plates which fit between the brushed onto the underside of the model investments in freight cars. underframe and the underside of the and the b·uck frames. Then a thin overall deck. These only bring the total weight coat of dark brownish gray weathering The HO Scale Models of the model up to about 21 h ounces, was airbrushed onto the entire model, Bowser's HO scale injection­ but additional weight can be added in both for added realism and to conceal its molded styrene kits to model the fo rm of a load or, if the model is to incorrect paint color. Pennsylvania Railroad F30A class be operated without a load, pieces of In finishing the model, I substituted fl at cars consist of one-piece bod­ lead can be cut to fi t in the various cav­ Life-Like metal wheelsets fo r the plastic ies (floors, end sills, and side sills) ities underneath the deck and glued in wheels that came in the kit. I prunted 3 to which underframes, trucks, cou­ place; a total of 3 /4 ounces is called for them glimy black with rust-colored axles plers, and brake wheels are added. by NMRA recommended practice. and wheel backs, and then polished the They are easy to assemble, and My flat car model suffers from the wheel treads. I also applied a thjn coat of they accurately represent their pro­ same paint color problem as other rust-colored paint to the couplers. totypes except fo r their rather Bowser models of Pennsy prototypes; Champ decals provided the lettering for primitive underframes, which the paint is too dark and brownish in the simulated restenciling of weight and hardly do justice to the elegant hue. To accurately represent a steam or journal packing data, and chalk mark­ design of the underframes on the early cJjesel-era Pennsy car with a fresh ings were added with a white pencil.

prototypes. This won't trouble paint job, you would have to get an undec­ RMJ most modelers, howeve r, since a flat orated model, prunt it in a much lighter

28 RAILMODELJOURNAL · APRIL 1999 [PAINT DECALS] ------&

By Richard H. Hendrickson

..,'�X1 qr� � :W'��� ";( �"''''''1t"'· , I;:V �l��'" � 11"' ,� " '� .. '"' �� , t • ""r � *��"" '" first all- " 11 The : Pennsylvania" Railroad; class Gs gondolas were among the" it�el gondolas, �nd t�ey lasted in revenue service into the fifties. These .; , ��t.e�,?-:.�ra�cJ�ssi. �s ar��ea�t to model with Bowser's new HO scale kits. .

Originally a car of the Gsd sub-class with drop-bottom doors, Pennsylvania Railroad 351315 had been rebuilt into a Gs with solid floor and was 35 years old when photographed at Washington, D.C. in 1941. It had recently been reweighed and repainted at Enola Yard in Harrisburg, PA. Note that other Gs gondolas were coupled next to it. -Ernest Stefan photo, Kalmbach Memorial Library

ocated as it was in the its various sub-classes operated more las were to have had drop ends and heart of America's steel cars in this one class than many Class I sol id floors, but they were never actu­ belt, the Pennsylvania Rai lroad pio­ rai lroads had in their entire freight car ally built. The Gsc sub-class had drop neered the large-scale use of steel in fleets. Additional Gs gons were built as ends and drop-bottom doors, whi Ie the freight car construction. And its earl i­ late as 1913 fo r Pennsy subsidiary cars of sub-class Gsd had fixed ends est all-steel cars were hopper cars and lines, and these also became a part of and drop-bottom doors of a diffe rent gondolas, since open-top cars made of the PRR's Gs gondola fleet when they design than on the Gsa version. wood were especially prone to deterio­ were absorbed into the Pennsylvania An article in the October 1903 issue ration from weather and to damage Railroad system. of American Engineer an.d Railroad from bulk loading and unloading. The Gs gondolas were large for Journal stated that the Gs gondolas The Pennsy's shift to all-steel gon­ their day, with an interior length of 38 were intended primarily for coal ser­ dolas began in 1902 with the advent of fe et 2 inches and a nominal capacity of vice west of Pittsburgh (where elevated the Gs class. In the next fi ve years the 40 tons. Five different versions were trestles for unloading hopper cars were Pe nnsylvania, which was then the designed. Cars designated Gs had fixed less common than on the eastern part world's largest railroad and did almost ends and sol id floors. The Gsa variants of the system). However, the Gs gons everything on a large scale, acquired had fo ur drop-bottom doors which dis­ were versatile cars and ultimately they well over 30,000 cars of class Gs and charged between the rai ls. Gsb gondo- were used to ship just about anything

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 29 Rich Burg, Bob Johnson, and Gary Rauch.]

HO Scale Models Bowser's new HO scale kits for the Pennsy's Gs class gondolas consist of injection-molded styrene one-piece bodies with separate underframes. Most details such as grabirons and steps are molded on, but hand brake and air brake parts are separate. Assembly is fast and easy and, like other recent Bowser fre ight cars, the fi nished models are dimensionally accurate and fairly well detailed. As with most gondola model s having one­ piece bodies, however, there is no rivet detail on the insides of the sides and ends, though the inside of the floor is fully detai led. In addition, the shape of the end sill corners and the location of the poling This view of PRR 296644 clearly reveals the end details on the fixed-end Gs gondolas, including the pockets is incorrect. Carmer uncoupling levers which the Pennsy installed on almost all of its freight cars from the turn of Also the entire brake system is a the century through the 1920s. -Rich Burg collection mirror-image representation of the pro­ totype brake gear, with the air brake the Pennsy could fit into them, from In the 1930s the number of Gs class parts located incorrectly on the under­ coal and coke to crushed rock to iron gondolas in revenue service steadily side of the models and the hand brake ingots to scrap metal to fi nished steel diminished as cars were damaged and and brake step on the right side of the mill products to crated machinery. written off, but this trend was arrested B end instead of the left. The Pennsylvania's Gs class gondo­ in the early 1940s by the wartime Moving the air brake equipment is las had fi shbelly steel center sills and shortage of serviceable freight cars. relatively easy if you just cut the steel floors. The sides were supported Older cars like the Gs class gondolas mounting pads off the underframe by hat-section pressed-steel stakes that would otherwise have been retired molding and rearrange them. Brake riveted to the ends of the undeIframe were resurrected by the thousands. In rigging isn't a problem, since the mod­ crossmembers, and the fixed ends on fact, almost a thousand Gs gons were els don 't include it, and it's probably Gs, Gsa, and Gsd sub-classes were completely overhauled, including rein­ not worth adding since the fish belly strengthened by hat-section horizontal fo rcements under the side sills, and center sills would largely conceal it braces. All of the Gs gons had KD reclassified Gsh, with numbers in the anyway. But relocating the hand brake

a i I' brakes and arch bar trucks when 390151-406002 series. As a result, is more problematical, as it's necessary new. more than 24,000 Gs gondolas were to cut off the brake step supports that Through the 1920s and ' 30s, so still active in the years that immedi ate­ are molded onto the B end of the body many Gs class gondolas were in ser­ ly fo llowed the end of World War II. (unavoidably damaging some of the vice that a continuous, large-scale Then retirements owing to age and rivet detail) and then make a new brake repair and maintenance program was obsolescence rapidly thinned the ranks step and supports in the correct loca­ required. The drop-bottom doors until, by the early 1950s, only about a tion. proved to be especially problematical, thousand Gs class cars remained on the The models come with steel floor and on many of the cars originally roster. The last survivors died hard, weights which fit between the bodies equipped with them they were however, and a decade later fifty or so and underframes, but these bring the removed and the openings plated over, were still to be found in the Pennsy's weight up to only 21/2 ounces, well at which point they were reclassified Official Rail way Equipment Register under the NMRA recommended-prac­ Gs. The drop ends on the Gsc sub­ entries. The last of them didn 't disap­ tice weight of about 33/4 ounces. An

classes were also vulnerable and some pear from revenue service until the extra ounce or so can be added either in of these cars were converted to fixed mid- 1 960s, well over half a century the form of a load or as pieces of lead ends. Cast-steel trucks gradually after they were bui It, and some sur­ concealed in cavities under the floor. replaced arch bars (which were out­ vived for many more years as mainte­ Horn-hook couplers are included in the lawed in 1941) and, beginning in the nance-of-way cars under Penn-Central kits; fortunately, the coupler boxes will 1930s, AB air brake equipment and Conrail ownership. accept Kadee-style knuckle couplers replaced the older KD type (which was [Note: For some of the foregoing without modification. The trucks are outlawed in 1953). information I am much indebted to accurate representations of the Pennsy

30 RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 White-lined and out of service, PRR 494092 was more than 80 years old when photographed at Niles, Ohio in May 1988. This car was one of the Gs gon­ dolas rebuilt in the World War II era with added side sill reinforcements and reclassified Gsh. -Rich Burg photo

..

After being modified and upgraded, the Bowser model has the hand brake in the correct location, along with free-standing wire grabirons, steps, towing staples, and brake step supports. Other enhancements include reworked end sills and poling pockets, etched-metal Carmer uncoupling levers, and metal wheelsets with polished treads. Aging and weathering effects include dented top flanges on the sides and In this view of the model, with the brake wheel end at the right, the kit's ends, rust stains, dirt and grime, re-stendled weight and repacking data, chalk "mirror imaged" air brake parts have been cut off and correctly re-Iocated. markings, route cards, and a rusty scrape metal load. -Richard Hendrickson photo -Richard Hendrickson photo.

2DF4 coil spring trucks applied to the Pennsy alphanumeric station symbol, new HD-50 and HD-63 decal sets to prototype cars in later years. "76" isn't a date at all, valid or otherwise. add restenciled reweigh and journal Bowser's kits represent Gs gondo­ [n completing my Gs gondola repacking data, along with some free­ las as they appeared in the 1930s model, I replaced the molded-on grab­ hand chalk markings made with a through ' 50s after their drop doors irons and steps with wire grabs and A­ white artist's pencil. Final ly, I replaced were removed (on cars originally fitted Line metal steps, and [ also added the kit's plastic wheel sets with Life­ with them) and after they were upgrad­ Carmer uncoupl ing levers made by Like metal wheels after painting the ed with AB air brakes and cast-steel Sunshine Models and a Precision Scale wheel centers grimy black and the trucks. Paint jobs are well done, but the 31796 air brake retainer val ve and backs and axles rust color and then pol­ color is wrong; prior to the early brass wire air line. With a bit of cus­ ishing the wheel treads. Final ly, I 1950s, the Pennsylvania Railroad's tom-mixed paint, I was able to touch added a Chooch scrap metal load oxide red was much lighter and closer up these changes without disturbing (shortened from one made to fit a Con­ to orange in hue. the factory paint and lettering. [ then cor mill gondola) to concreal the The factory lettering is also a bit weathered the model fa irly heavily to absence of interior rivet detail. disappointing. On my model some of it conceal its somewhat unprototypical These extra steps turned a 15- is blurred, notably the lines above paint color. minute assembly job into an evening's "Pennsylvania" and below the numbers. Finishing touches included instal­ work, but the result is a highly realistic There are also some minor errors in the ling Kadee couplers after giving them a model of a gondola that was one of the data. The length printed on the model thin coat of rust-colored paint (and most common cars on the rails during is 35'2" instead of 38'2" and the reweigh making sure, of course, that the paint the first half of the 20th century. station symbol/date "P343 76" is non­ hadn't gummed up the works ). I also RMJ sensical ; though "P343" is a typical used some touch-up paint and Champ's

RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 31 ------[PAINT & DECALS]------CONRAil 74224 �2 COVERED HOPPER FROJVI CO N-COR'S HO SCALE KIT

By Mike Rose

Bill of Materials Con-Cor: Microscale: 9504 PS-2 covered hopper kit 87 -1 Railroad data decal 87-856 Conrail decals

Testors: DullCote PA INT & DECALS Polly Scale: 4141 16 Reefer Grey 414275 Roof Brown (weathering) 414323 Rust (weathering)

32 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 ------[LAYOUT TOUR ]------

IN SOUTHERN MINNESOTA IN N SCALE

By James Nelson Model photos by Robert Schleicher Trackplan art by James Nelson

Photo 1. The Austin Ya rd includes elements common to many of the small Milwaukee Road facilities as they appeared in the sixties.

RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 33 Photo 5. The Austin Ya rd is in the left center. The helix is hidden behind the wall in the upper left. The upper deck is operational and most of it should be completed by the 1999 NMRA National Convention in July.

NorthSt*r '99

he ro lling hills of southern The upper level runs around the walls The layout is operated as a point-to­ Minnesota are the site fo r of the room with a staging yard fo r St. point system to a sequence timetable Jim Nelson's double-deck N scale lay­ Paul in an adjacent room. The 60-inch based on a Milwaukee Road prototype. out. It fits in a 9-foot 6-inch x 22-foot rail height allows enough head room for Trains are made up by hand in the St. single-stall garage-size space in the base­ a slight duck under at the entrance to the Paul yard. Diesel switchers make up ment. The layout is essentially point­ layout area. A 66-foot-long helix, and break down the trains in the Austin to-point from St. Paul on the upper housed in its own 32 x 48-inch room yard. Most of the bui Idings are scratch­ deck to Austin on the lower level, with connects the upper and lower decks. The built from sheet styrene to match an interchange with the Chicago Great lower deck has a rail height of 45 inches. Milwaukee Road prototypes. We stern at Austin. The locomotives The minimum radius is 18 inches, so the RMJ and rolling stock are replicas of equip­ longest passenger cars look more real­ ment that operated in the sixties. istic. The aisles are 24 inches or wider.

34 RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 Photo 6. A view from the opposite end of the room with Middleton on the lower left and Austin on the right.

Photo 7. The pedestrian bridge at Austin is a replica of the one where Jim watched trains in his youth. RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 35 THE MILWAUKEE ROAD

St. Paul Staging Ya rd UPPER LEVEL

Photo 2. The Austin freight station and passenger styrene. The cabooses are Atlas models detailed Road ribs. The SW9 Is a Life-Like model.

Middleton

; 1 ': "

Rock Point

Helix (up) .."....

LOWER LEVEL

36 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 Photo 3. A painted and detailed Kato SD9 crossing one of the many bridges on its way to Middleton. The rocks are carved from molding plaster.

Photo 4. A load of Ford tractors being spotted at the LCL siding in Middleton.

RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 37 ------VEHICLE MODELING ___ [ ]----- __ _ SVPERDETAIlIN(jA KENWORTH 1600 TRVCK, TRA ILER & TRACTOR �O D

Article and color photo by Da n Goins Model photos by Robert Schleich er

started this project by assembling Decals were obtained by purchasing implements out of these kits, saving the 1 a Trucks 'N Stuff48-f oot spread­ an Ertl /64-scale Ford 6640 model which rest for some other project. I altered the axle flatbed trailer with only a few modifi­ uses very thin peelable striping and logo two in small ways to look more like cations including a wire kingpin and an markings. Using the Ertl model as a implements I have seen at equipment A-Line landing gear. painting guide, ] airbrushed the tractor yards near my home. By purchasing an GT blue using Accu-Flex paint. The fend­ additional Ertl tractor model, ] had the The HO Scale Tractors ers, floor and wheels were painted using Ford logo and stripe markings to match Although Ertl wi \I soon be releasing Model Masters Light Sea Grey. The the tractor models. American prototype farm equipment, J was engine area was masked oft and painted To tie the load down, I used Builders looking for an interesting load and decid­ black along with the stack, seat, steering In Scale 250 chain that was slid through a ed to try making some Ford farm tractors wheel, roll bar and control levers. The puddle of liquid super glue and, after dry­ from existing models. The Ford tractors subassemblies were then attached, and ing for only a few minutes, I had taut started as Preiser 17920 Duetz farm trac­ the Ertl striping was added by cutting the chain that I could cut to length with scis­ tors because they matched the profiles Ertl striping to fit this particular model. sors and glue between the load and the almost perfectly for the Ford tractors I I decided that several implements trailer. wanted to model. The only real structural would be a nice complement, so I changes were the exhaust stack which came researched the Wa lthers catalog and The Kenworth T600 from a Roco 5] 1 detail kit (5-ton trllck decided upon the Kibri 8055 barn with I used a Herpa T600 Kenworth tractor accessories) and Detail Associates 2530 farm implements kit and 10702 tractor (truck) and completely disassembled the model. Starting with a Herpa 50333 steer- .0 15 x .060 flat brass stock for the roll bar. with tiller implements. I picked two 38 RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 ing kit, l now had front wheels that could using brass wire. r formed frames for behind the sleeper. All the brass acces­ be positioned in a turning radius. T new mirror brackets from .0 I S-inch sories were then painted bright silver. T shaved off several molded-on hand holds brass wire. r added two antennae made utilized I.S-volt lamp wire leads that and drilled for wire replacements. The from .0 I O-inch brass wire with insulation were tightly wrapped around a brass .020 T600 has a black bar dividing the wind­ from a I.S-volt lamp for the bases. A wire to simulate the cables on the truck shield in half; this was depicted with spotlight from the same Roco detail kit frame directly behind the sleeper. I then Evergreen strip stock. The cab was paint­ was modified for the driver's side along re moved them from the wire and ed a custom mix of equal parts Testors with a car phone antenna made from stretched them slightly so the coils were Chrysler Red and Insignia Red. Next, I .01O-inch brass wire centered on top of visible. The three cables were then glued painted the window molding areas black. the cab roof. For the GPS (Global at one end with a slight hook so that if The clear one-piece window part was Positioning System), I used a Details not nestled up against a trailer, they could discarded in favor of individual windows West I 18 E-unit steam generator part be hung on one of the wire hand holds on cut to fit from .0 10-inch clear acetate. mounted on an Evergreen block, which the back of the cab. The other end was The new window pieces were all fitted was then mounted under the air cowling permanently mounted to the sleeper. flush and installed using Elmer's glue. above the sleeper. On the rear of the RMJ The window on the driver's side is open, sleeper, r mounted four different hand while the passenger window was left in holds using brass wire. I installed plastic the halfway position, and the wing win­ steps from my parts box and a photo­ dow on the driver's side is also in the etched walkway from Plano Model open position. Several details were added Products on the truck frame directly

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 39 [LAYOUT TOUR] ------BNSFICP JOINff' UNE'

DOWN THE BANKS OF THE MISSISSIPPI IN HO SCALE

By Mike Soebbing Prototype photos by Mike Soebbing Model photos by Robert Schleicher Trackplan art by Craig DuMez '99

More and more modelers are opting to recreate the If you want to design your next layout with more pro­ prototype, rather than attempting to create their own totypical scenes and Qperations, join the Layout version of reality. Mike Soebbing is recreating the two Design Special Interest Group. Membership is $15 a single-track mainlines that the BNSF and CP Rail year, including the quarterly (more or less) Layout share: the BNSF-owned mainline on the Wisconsin Design News and the biannual Layout Design Journal side of the Mississippi and the CP Rail-owned line illustrated magazine, from Richard Steinmann, 2412 along the Minneapolis bank of the river. The layout is Myrtle Lane, Reston, VA 22091. An index of all previ­ one you can visit on the tours that are part of the ous articles on layout design appears on pages 24-25 NMRA National Convention in Saint Paul, Minnesota of this issue. this July 17-24.

he layout is being built to portion of the layout, and is graded at a assisted parking for trains in the hidden duplicate both the scenes maximum 1.5 percen.t which blings it staging area. A fe llow modeler in the and the operations of 1998-era main­ to the proper level allowing trains to Tw in Cities, Don Roback will be doing line railroading on the route shared by enter and leave staging at the "East" the computer software programming the Burlington Northern Santa Fe and "West" ends of the layout. The lay­ for the layout. (BNSF-formerly Burlington track­ OLlt room is a 25 x 29-foot L shape. I would like to acknowledge the age) and CP Rail (ex-Milwaukee Road Benchwork is a combination of 2 x 4 great friendships, and talents that have trackage). The layout will recreate the supports with 1 x 6, and 1 x 4 box-style been discovered during the construc­ majority of the scenes southeast from construction. The layout has a mini­ tion process of the layout. The rolling the Newport, Minnesota suburb of mum radius of 36 inches, and uses stock information, prototypical lash­ Saint Paul, across the Mississippi River Shinohara code 100 and 70 flex track ups, and the weathering talents are Ken to Diamond Bluff on the Wisconsin and switches. Maximum grade on the Olson's. The scenery was constructed side and Red Bluff on the Minnesota scenery level is 1.5 percent. with the assistance of Wayne Hines. side of the St. Croix River. Much of the The backdrop for the layout, river The tree-making technique for mine, aisle space is positioned to simulate the bluff stone and base scenery, and the and other layouts of our group was Mississippi River; the shores of the workshop were constructed with the taught by Ly nn Gobin. The layout was river are the edges of the benchwork. assistance of Bob DaBruzzi. Scenery is designed by Doug Hodgdon. The BNSF is on one side of the river a combination of plaster, plaster rock It is my (lofty) goal to have the cen­ (the aisle) and CP Rail is on the oppo­ castings, and HydrocaJ. It will have a tel' "BNSF" portion of the layollt site side. "Bruce Chubb" CfMRI system to anow sceniced for the July 1999 NMRA con­ Staging runs around the outside of prototypical signal operation, comput­ vention that will be held in the Tw in the room on a level below the scenic erized startup, braking, and computer- Cities. RMJ 40 RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 PHOTO 19. Engine LMX 8509 (a repainted Bachmann model), and Santa Fe 5426 (a Kato model weathered by Ken Olson), head westbound, climbing out of the river flats just west of West St. Croix Junction headed to Newport, Minnesota.

RAILMODELjOURNAL · APRIL 1999 41 Photo 6. The North Star Steel plant is planned for the area near Newport.

Photo 5. The passing siding near Newport, Minnesota is one of the scenes that will be dupli­ cated in HO scale.

Photo 14. looking westbound on the layout. The mainline out of Prescott, Photo 16. looking westbound on the layout. On the right is the BNSF Wisconsin is on the right. It will feature the BNSF lift bridge over the St. mainline coming out of St. Croix Junction. It passes under the Highway 61 Croix River. On the left is the staging track level that will be hidden by a bridge, and follows the Mississippi toward Prescott, Wisconsin. The scenery level which will feature the CP track out of Hastings, Minnesota and Mississippi and St. Croix Rivers join near the BNSF lift bridge at Prescott. into Red Wing, Minnesota. The Mississippi will be closely modeled around this curve, with a small marina at river's edge, and the city of Prescott modeled in detail between the double tracks and the backdrop.

Photo 17. looking westbound on the layout. On the right is St. - Croix Junction, the river bluffs, and the Mississippi river bank. The small section of wood protruding out is the approach to the large lift bridge that will take the CP track across the river into Hastings, Minnesota. On the left are the staging tracks climbing up at a 1.5-per­ cent grade on the approach to Newport, Minnesota. The area on the left will be covered by North Star Steel (see Photo 6) to conceal the fact that trains are coming out of staging and onto the layout.

42 RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 Photo 4. BNSF 9297 eastbound crossing over the small concrete bridge at East St. Croix Junction on its approach into Prescott, Wisconsin.

Photo 8. The massive steel lift bridge over the St. Croix River is under construction on the workbench using Central Valley kits and parts.

Photo 7. The roughed-in model of the Highway 61 overpass is already in place on the layout.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 43 Photo 9. The BNSF and CP Rail trackage at St. Croix Junction will be one of the focal points of the operations on the layout.

Photo 10. The cliffs above the Mississippi near St. Croix Junction are partially completed on the layout.

Photo 15. Looking eastbound on the layout, the beginnings of scenery for Photo 18. Looking to your left in this picture, think of yourself looking Diamond Bluff, Wisconsin are visible on the left. To the right, the staging eastbound on the layout. You see what will be Newport, Minnesota with cars tracks for the layout are below where Red Wing, Minnesota will be con­ setting on the mainline. Under you to your left on the sweeping curve is structed. where North Star Steel will be located, and trains will enter or leave stag­ ing at this portion of the layout. To your right is the location of St. Croix Junction and the beginning of the modeled Mississippi river banks and water.

Photo 13. Looking at the layout from the wel­ come room. The upper section will be sceniced to simulate Newport, Minnesota. Directly under­ neath this are the lower hidden staging tracks.

- fM1LMODH JQU8.t-l�L�· A-'-'..P=RIL"""'- _4A I,",,-,29,,",-9__ �______�______� ______-1 Photo 2. This an American Model Builder's "Sonny's Shack" kit with added stilts and a deck with steps for times of high water in the spring. Location is just east of West St. Croix Junction. Note the uprooted tree with a root system made from real weed roots.

Photo 11. The concrete arch bridge just east of St. Croix Junction is another scene that will be recreated on the layout.

Photo 12. The simple structures of Diamond Bluff, Wisconsin and the railroad's trackage will be recreated for the HO layout.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 45

B;Ckdr;===----- Future Red Wing, MN -----I..� I

Future SI. Paul tIJ

Newport Cold Storage Operator's Pit

Future Newport, MN Aisle B

, Minnesota SI. Croix

' ' MISSISSIPPI.. .

Aisle � ------[ MODELING FROM THE PROTOTYPE ] ------RAILROADPR OTOTYPE MODELERS MEET, CHICAGO 1998 By Robert Schleicher On the Midwest Mod-U-Tra ck modula r layout

John Spencer upgraded the Proto 2000 gondola with the tie-down loops on the rails. The loops were cut from wire wrapped around HO scale 2 x 4 strip to create the L-shaped tie-down loops.

Chuck Derus rebuilt an Atlas caboose with sheet styrene to precisely match the Soo prototype.

Rob Manley painted and lettered an Inter­ Mountain 40-foot box car to match a Monon prototype.

48 RAILMODEL)OURNAL · APRIL 1999 -�-. rIlUIOTYP£ 1II0DELERS MEET

Rob Manley used Testors' Metalizer "Gun metal" and "Exhaust" paints to weather his freight cars. This is a TIchy USRA hopper matched to a Colorado & Southern prototype from the July 1989 issue of "The Journal."

Jim Booth used a Pacific Freight Enterprises (14197 Springdale St., Number 1, Westminster, CA 92683) kit to create this R30-18 steel and wood reefer.

50 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 Dan Holbrook completely rebuilt the new Kato RSC2 to match the Milwaukee Road's late-sixties rebuild with an RSll cab, short chopped hood, and paint and weathering to match a specific proto­ type.

Dan Holbrook started with the Walthers 50-foot North American box car and replaced the roof and ends with parts cut from an Accurail model to more precisely match the prototype car.

RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 51 Keith Kohlmann displayed about 50 of his superbly upgraded, painted and weathered freight cars. You'" see more of his work in the pages of "The Journal."

Robert Kosic assembled this Sunshine cast-resin kit with the kit's decals Bob Rivard displayed a number of the models that have been featured in and added weathering. his articles in "The Journal."This is a new project made from an Eastern Car Works kit with 0 scale styrene 2 x 4s for the bulkheads. He removed and replaced four center ribs to match the spacing on this specific prototype. The rust in the car was scraped from the inside of an expired water heater.

Terry Wegmann used two Funero and Camerlengo kits to build an accurate replica of the carbon black cars. He reduced the length from 50 to 47 feet.

Robert Kosic upgraded a Walthers esc flat car with new grabirons, paint and decals.

'>7 RAil MnOEL JOURNAL· APRIL 1999 Rob Manley painted and weathered this Oriental Models' Burlington 0-8-0. He added MV lenses, SS Limited tools, Preiser crew, John's coal and applied Badger Modelflex paint to complete the model.

To dd Sullivan upgraded a Bowser H22A hopper with new vertical grabirons. Stan Rydarowia added interior detail to this Bronze Key Models (P.O. Box He matched the paint and weathering to a photograph in the Morning Sun 597819, Chicago, IL 60659) cast-resin replica of a Wabash combination Publishers' book PENNSY DIESEL YEARS, VOLUME 5, page 56. depot.

David Haines displayed this scratchbuilt N scale wedge snowplow. The model is a replica of a prototype used at Raton, New Mexico on the Santa Fe, circa 1950. The body is styene with brass wire and etched detail parts. The plow is shim brass soldered with liquid solder.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 53 ------[PERFORMANCE] ------

By Guy Thrams

he Electro-Motive Division of General Motors Corpor­ ation began production of the SW series of switch engines in the forties, with the 600-horsepower SW I. Production con­ tinued through the eighties to include the ISOO-horsepower V- 12 SW I SOO road switcher with fl exible trucks still in use for road service today. The Atlas 0, LLC two-rail (DC) version of the SW9 ° scale model without traction tires, was tested for this report.

The 0 Scale Model The injection-molded metal body shell and sill are fastened to the metal frame with four screws located under the frame at each end. The cab and exhaust 54 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 ments were from 1.128 to 1.131 inch, stack(s) are injection-molded plastic. replace traction tires, so there may be close to the 1.118-inch minimum S4 The cab fits snugly over the frame and is wheelsets available with traction tires. NMRA standard. retained with tabs. The plastic exhaust The back-to-back wheel gauge measure- RMJ stack insert is retained to the body shell with similar tabs. This gives you the option of the single-stack SW8 or the two stacks that identify the SW9. A 1.13-inch-diameter by 1.47-inch­ long, double-shaft round can motor with two .986-inch-diameter flywheels drives the gear train through universal joint drive shafts to each truck. The truck assemblies pivot freely under the chassis and contain the worm, worm gear and spur gear train that power all four of the blackened drive wheels in each truck. The motor-to-drive-wheel ratio is 15.5 to I.

Electrical Hardware Spring-loaded copper-alloy strips press against the inside of each wheelset for all-wheel electrical pickup. The wires soldered to the contact strips run to the printed circuit board (PCB). The PCB contains the directional lighting diodes (but is not the constant type lighting) eight-pin DCC socket with the appropri­ ate jumper plug for analog DC operation, and the wiring to the motor and lighting. There are two incandescent lamp bulbs for the forward and reverse headlights, and one lamp for lighting the cab interi­ or. The lamps appear to be of high enough voltage for 16-volt DCC opera­ tion.

Other Observations The three-rail CAC) version of this model locomotive has an electronic reversing unit and speaker for the horn and bell sound system. The two-page instructions cover the two-rail and three­ rail operation. Another two pages have isometric part drawings with part num­ bers. The instructions sho w how to

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 55 ------RAIUMARINE MODELING [ ] ------

IN HO SCALE FROM \WA LT H ERS KITS

By Ronald Parisi

The Wa lthers HO scale carfloat models are close replicas of common eastern carfloats. Here's extra how to add the details to make the models more accurate replicas of the prototype. For more information on rail-marine modeling, send a stamped, self-addressed envelope to the Rail-Marine Information Group, Mt. Road, Ellicott 12107 Albert City, MD 21042. Additional information on railroad tug detailing was published in issues 14, 16, 17, 18 and 19 of the group's quarterly magazine Transfer. There's an index of previous articles on rail-marine modeling on pages 24-Z5 of this issue.

Note: All numbers preceded by the number symbol (If) refer to parts as identi­ fied on the instruction sheet.

A. You should decide now, before you startthe basic construction, whether you want to lengthen or shorten the model. The overall dimensions of the model in scale, 37 feet wide x 285 feet long x 7 feet deep, are good and fall within the range of the prototypes. Its length, as stated in the text, can be increased or decreased if you have space constraints or the desire. Thecenter section is mod­ ular, in that, as the prototype, the details between the plate lines (every scale 8 feet 6 inches) are repeated symmetrically. To lengthen the hull and hence the model, cut an appropriate length of deck from the middle section of a second kit, on a plate line. Add appropriate segments of hull bottom and sides, and you will have a longer model. To create a shortermodel you do not need a second kit; just remove sections of deck, hull bottom and sides to create this shorter model. If you choose to lengthen one model, the second kit from which you removed parts can be assembled as a shorter model. The railroads had many shorter floats in dedicated service to Manhattan, especially at the older, shorter piers downtown.

B. Assemble all pieces on a very flatsurface. I regularly use an 18 x 24-inch piece of 1/4-inch plate glass with polished edges. Straightness and flatness are espe­ cially important with such a long model. I also use lots of weights and machin­ ist squares to hold everything in place. Proceed with the construction following the photographs and captions.

C. Test fit side pieces #4 and #1 1. Trim the ends of #11 as necessary to get a good tight butt fit of both #4 pieces.

D. Try this method to ease gluing the sides (parts #4, #5, and #11, #12) to the assembled bottom (parts#1 and #2). Place 2-inch-long pieces of masking tape along the hull bottom at 5 or 6 intervals adhering half to the bottom, half stick­ ing out. Test fit and align the assembled sides, dry fitting part #6-the ends, as well as some of part #15-the bulkheads. Don't be too critical about how the ends fit. We will address that in Step E. When you

56 RAILMODEL)OURNAL ' APRIL 1999 are satisfied, pull up the pieces of tape and press in place along the sides. Align with machinist's squares and glue away. . E. The ends (part #6) do not meet the sides well. There was a vertl�al gap between the sides and the ends. Do not force the ends to meet t�e sides as you will then knock the ends out of perpendicularity. In tead, Imply gl e � � . � strips of styrene as necessary in the gap. (I used a .O�O-Inch-thlck piece In one and a .050-inch piece in another). When dry, simply sand flush and putty as necessary. See the filler piece in place on the port bow �orner. At this point to aid in gluing the deck pieces (#7, #8 and In pl ce, F. #9) � I used lots of clamps and weights to keep the seam between the deck pieces and sides tight.

G. The seam or joint lines in between pieces #4 and #5 should be filled with plastic putty. The seam should be filled in at the sides and on the cast fend­ ers. Sand smooth when putty is dry. H. Though the deck hardware castings are basically good, note these pre­ . cautions. Be sure to dean flash inside the toggle pockets and sand their tops flat. Sand the parting lines through centers of all drop deats after they are glued in place. I found the bitts to be the poorest casting in the kit. The feeder sprues were attached to the bitt's thin top rim, and the sink mark (depression) in their tops was unacceptable. Cut the bitts off the sprues as carefully as you can to minimize damage to the top rim. The top requires filling. You can do it simply with plastic putty, or try this method: The tops on the prototype had a slightly convex, hemispherical shape (similar to tank car ends). They were not flat. I mixed up some 2-hour epoxy and dabbed a small drop on the top of each post of the bitt. By surface tension (or whatever) the epoxy settles and forms the won­ derfully bowed out top, while filling the sink hole. Just what the ships' doctor ordered.

( is with some anxiety that I care­ fully slit the cellophane open on I. I chose not to use the short sections of plastic rail supplied with the kit. 1 used full sections of code the large box containing the latest 83 nickel silver rail instead because I felt they would add realism, be less work in finishing and add kit in the Walthers "Waterfront" series: to the operational efficiency if I chose to run cars on and off the model. This is an easy substitution to The carfloat. The box is covered with accomplish as the hard part of the track work, namely the frog of the number 5 wye that is the full-color photographs of the model in "turnout" on a float, is cast into the model. The points of the wye are on the transfer bridge. Therefore, situ; cars on its deck, tug at its starboard recreating the trackwork is relatively simple. Only the end of the rails that angle up near the stern and side. It is not often that I, at 50 plus, attach to the bumpers requires some work. attack a package as a child opening a If you decide to use nickel silver rail, my construction methods are discussed further on. If Christmas present. Yet the excitement is you use the plastic rail supplied, continue with the supplied instructions through step 4. However, do not add the signboards yet until you have perused the section below regarding creating upgraded there. am a card-carry ing rail marine I ones. modeler; charter member of John J. If you are going to use your model statically-that is in a permanent spot on your layout-its Te ichmoeller's Rail Marine Information strength and stiffness is fine. However, if you plan to use it as a fiddle or interchange yard and move Group, creator of two (so far) NMRA it about, you might want to consider reinforcing the bottom of the hull with a piece of .125-inch-thick award-winning scratchbuilt cat·f1oats. styrene sheet. Trim the feet (those little bumps) off the bottom, cut the applique piece 1 scale foot in Generally this area of railroad activity from the sides and stop it just short of the stern and bow rake lines. has been an undercurrent, with a dedicat­ ed, though limited, fo llowing. It has all Diagram 1. Adding a solid hull bottom. but been ignored by model manufactur­ ers (with the exception of Sheepscot Reworking the Fenders Scale Models and Crow River Models). The three longitudinal protuberances running The entry into the field by a major play­ horizontally along each side of the hull are fend­ er (and they don't come any bigger) will, ers or rubbing rails. They were meant to protect I hope, do much to promote this interest­ the hull from damage. The prototype was a cast ing area of rai Iroading and make it acces­ or formed piece of steel with a profiled section sible to more modelers. that has been likened to a capital 'D' in that it had a flat back with flanges and a rounded face. The model itself is an all injection­ Further, they tapered to almost zero thickness at molded styrene kit. Historically, it the extreme ends. Both of these salient features appears to be based on a port of New can be addressed easily. First, mask off the flat York prototype in that the general lines, areas of each side with masking tape. Use full hull, track arrangements and deck hard­ pieces above and below the top and bottom ware are very similar to Central Railroad fender and use 1I8-inch strips in between the of New Jersey and Erie Railroad vessel fenders. RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 57 RAILROAD CARFLOATS

plans and photographs that I have in my collection. The prototypes, all steel ves­ sels, were built (based on builders pho­ tographs and si milar plan dates) between loosely 1920- 1 925, and as such represent the precursor to the archetype that took rail -marine activity through to its end'" in the Port of New York, namely the Conrail era. What prevents the model from repre­ senting the final design are the three fender rails down each side as opposed to the smooth sides of the last designs. *Note: One float operation still plies the harbor between the former Penn­ This will revent unwanted scrapes � and damage to these areas during what follows. Next take a file sylvania facilities of Greenville and former or a medIUm-coarse sandpaper block BEDT slips in Brooklyn . The author and and taper the stern and bow ends of each fender. I left mine about 2 to 3 scale inches thick at each outboard end. Thetaper goes back tothe point where the hull friends have spent mucl; time during enjoy­ sides become parallel, about 16 scale feet in from able afternoons watching and documenting its each end, where they should remain full height. activity! And further note one section of the To reshape the fenders to the 'D' configuration, impending CSX/NS takeover of Conrail I used a scraping technique. Ta ke a new single­ includes language that is attempting to force edge razor blade, and holding it at a 45-degree the new owners to consider enlarging this angle to the hull side, run or scrape it down along operation. the corner of each fender. Make many light passes The model is molded in mineral red until you have shaved off approximately 1/32 inch colored plastic. It represents the type of of plastic. Yo u will get the feel of this technique. It fl oat called a transfer or interchange is very useful generally to deburr styrene, especial­ float. As its name implies, it was used to ly large pieces. After the initial corners are knocked transfer railroad cars between railroads off, you can go back and scrape off the "new" cor­ that were separated by water. Think of it ners to get a rounder profile. Finish off fenders as a floating interchange yard. In the Port with progressively finer sandpaper to remove all 2. of New York, with its 12 class-one rail­ Diagram Cross-section work marks. Remove all masking and refill seams roads terminating at water's edge, this view of shaving the edges of and any nicks or gouges as necessary. the fenders. i nterchange traffic was intense, with thousands of carloads a day goi ng between scores of waterside yards via floats. It was frenetic. The major rail­ Many of the Port's railroads equipped their carfloats with handrails. They consisted of 112 to roads owned and operated a fleet of over 3/4-inch steel cable, run through 3-foot-high 2,000 vessels, crewed by thousands of stanchions along each side. I replicated these employees each day. There were numer­ handrails with .022-inch brass wire. I used a ous other types of vessels, including the resistance solder and, although soldering is not a transfer float's sister, the platform float, strong suit, persistence and adherence to that had a platform running down its cen­ method are improving my skill. Unless you are a ter instead of a middle track. Barges of master solderer, I recommend using Diagram 3 all descriptions, floating cranes and der­ (on pages 62-63) of the handrails to make a ricks as well as the motive power-the 1h2-inch thick basswood jig as I did. tugs-were also in great profusion. The model scales out of the box at 39 fu ll-size inches or 285 scale feet long, and as such it is right in the middle of typical car float length, the prototypes running between 180 and 360 feet. Finally, modelers will be able to create prototypical-length carfloats rather than those stubby caricatures previously mod­ eled. As we hoped, those of us who thought about such things, the kit is com­ posed of three sections: the bow, the ] r� stern and the midsection. By doing this Walthers has made it very easy, by treat­ ing the midsection as a repeatable mod­ Double-cut each line to allow the pieces of .022-inch brass wire to fit in easily. I constructed the jig ule, to extend the length as desired up to in halves, just for economy of space. Note that the cleats and bitts are not symmetrical from bow to the longest of the prototypes. Conversely, stern, so it will be necessary to construct a port and starboard railing. Further, prototypically, there one could easily shorten it by trimming should never be a stanchion that interferes with either. I adhered the jig pieces to the baseboard with off the same midsection. Believe it or double-faced tape. Clean all the wire, cut the stanchions, cut the 5-foot scale pieces, and tin one end. not, the prototypes probably were built in Bend the ends of the cable as the diagram shows and place it in the jig. Flux each stanchion and butt­ a similar manner, the midsection having solder them to the cable. Also butt-solder the lengths of wire for the cable. Try not to overlap them.

58 RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 After soldering is complete, file and trim all joints as necessary. Remember to use chalk in your file so solder won't clog it up. Each railing will be about 3 feet long to use the supplied diagrams, as it shows when you are finished. (See Diagram 3, pages 62-63.) This method is better than trying to be. Repeat this Hand Rail Installation where the stanchions are, not where they are supposed Drill number 74 holes, using a wax candle Draw a pencil line on the deck (using a soft number 2 lead) along each side, 18 procedure for the opposite side. plastic has a low melting point and con­ scale inches in from the outboard edge. That should place it in between the to lubricate your drill bit, as the with a scrap bit of .022-inch wire cleat/bitt bases and the scuttle covers. Line up the center stanchion with the cen­ stantly clogged up my bit. Check all holes railing. I used a 36-scale-inch­ ter deck plate line. Check spacing. Ta pe the railing down with stanchions facing and redrill as necessary. Carefully test fit the When satis­ inboard and laying on the deck and the cable just outboard of the pencil line. Ta ke high piece of wood slipped under the cable to set the height. a miniature awl (pointed scribe) and press a mark to the left of each stanchion on fied with fit, remove the railing to paint. They will be permanently installed the pencil line. Always stay to the same side of the stanchions. These marks will after painting each section. show us where to drill the holes for the railings. Signboards The signboards included with the kit are too diminutive and not represen­ n tative of signboards used by the Port's railroads. Ty pically, the name boards r were 12-plus feet long, the numberboards, depending on the number of IE�I� characters, were 4 to 8 feet long. Two feet high was the typical height. I � � have included artwork for the Erie and CN] Railroads, taken from 1924 I R.�.Co.] ru ru original drawings. I C.�.�. i It! m Diagram 5. Cross-section view for positions of handrails. T . ,- N . 1 +- • [Q� ...J. I � � Signboards 6" L + 149 1 1 481 lo Diagram 4. Signboards. Full size for HO scale. 1:J�. c: '" Rather than attach the signboards to the handrail stanchions with simple U-bolts, I as the railroads that used both did, I chose to make them separate entities to allow v more flexibility, so that if you choose not to construct hand-rails but still want a J' full set of signboards, you can. I used brass parts, but styrene can be substituted. Locate each name board 2 scale feet forward or aft of the center deck plate I started off with 1/4 x .030-inch sheet brass stock. I cut pieces to 12-foot scale line. As with handrails, lay the sign down and mark stanchion locations on lengths for the name boards, two per side, for a total of four. I cut 8-foot scale pencil line. Locate forward numberboards equidistant between second cleat lengths for the numberboards-also four pieces. I cut and soldered 5-foot-long and double bitt from the bow. Locate aft numberboards between aft bitt stanchions, three for each name board and two each for each numberboard, and and third cleat from the stern. After drilling and test fitting, remove signs so ldered them to the back of each sign. The stanchions should be in 9 scale inch­ to painting area. es from the ends and flush at the top. The third stanchions for the name boards are I had dry transfers made of the lettering because I prefer them centered. Locate sign boards as follows. Draw a line along the deck 6 scale inches to decals. Resources are available to make either. I lettered one side of the in from the deck/side seam. float for CN] and the other for the ERIE. If I ever operate a model railroad, t�is bit of chicanery will allow me to destine incoming or outgoing loads to different places as well as construct manifests according to predominant loads that might have been most common on each railroad (the eN] coal in hoppers vs. the ERIE perishable foodstuffs in reefers). It's a conceit to be considered on large models, when you don't want to construct many of them. Installing Nickel Silver Rails Start by preparing the pieces of rail for the bumper ends. Cut six lengths 27 scale feet long. Square up ends after cuts. Place one piece with its end in between the sixth and seventh rail chair from the stern. Mark where the rail coincides with outboard edge of last rail chair. Make a notch with a tri­ angular file at that point, going through the rail head and web but stopping at the base. Bend end of rail up, then in, so that it rests on the large cast­ ing in back of bumper post. Repeat 6 times, making note that each track Diagram 6. Bumper Rail Details, Full size for HO scale. will have a set of rails, one bends to starboard, one bends to port.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 59 KAILKUAD (';ARFLOATS

Next, take full lengths of rail, measure from the bow to the point where they coincide with the "bumper" rail sections. Trim and square each piece. Note: when doing this, be sure to set the rails in their rows of rail chairs to accommodate the increase in length due to the curves in the bow. Further note that each length of rail will be unique, so mark them. Lastly, note that the two pieces of rail that are the extended stock rails of the wye are inter­ rupted by the frog and have to be made in two sections. Carefully finger­ bend all pieces so they rest flatly and comfortably and without tension in the rail chairs.

a symmetrical cross section, tangent track, hatch covers and vents on standard centers, and deck hardware such as bitts and cleats at standard repeatable measurements. Later on as we build the kit, I wiU discuss how to do this, though you will have to buy more than one kit. The kit's components are all straight and warp free, no mean feat considering the length of some of them. They all have glu­ ing ridges and well-placed locating lugs that align the pieces fa irly well. The instruction sheet is general, but I will take you through the fine points as necessary. The essay on the first page of the instruction sheet is replete with errors or inanities (i.e. "some areas, such as New Yo rk City, had large commercial areas on islands." No duh! Like Manhattan is an island and was the epicenter of world trade for decades. Further on, "Since a tug handled only one float at a time," ... floats were just as com­ monly moved two at a time, bows joined together by hawsers, with the tug in the middle of what is called a classic "V". When the tug and floats reached the transfer (or float) bridges they "split the rack" (unjointed the bows of the floats) and guided Solder bumper pieces to appropriate long pieces. I used a thin piece of the floats either separately or jointly into the bridges, common­ brass stock under the base of the rail as a strengthening tab on each. ly set up in pairs.) But never mind, this is about the model, not Adhere the rails to a painting card. I masked the rail head with Ih6-inch a review of the words. Prestape, then sprayed the rails Floquil 110007 Rail Brown. I later sprayed The kit represents a waterline model, which means in hav­ the angled bumper ends safety yellow to match the bumpers. Do not get paint on the underside of the rail base as it will interfere with adhesion to ing a depth of only a scale 7 feet 6 inches, it represents only the the rail chairs. Set aside to dry and we'll assemble later. part of the vessel that showed above the water. Prototypically, a Deck Hardware fu lly loaded float would have had only 5 or 6 fe et of freeboard Prototypically, floats were pretty simple vessels. The deck hardware con­ showing, but this model, if embedded in some form of cast sisted of a few items, repeated ad infinitum. The vents, to provide air circu­ water or just setting on a prescribed flat area will look just fi ne. lation into the hull compartments, are accurately represented by the lou­ This waterline business will be more obvious in their tugboat. vered grates running in between the center and outboard tracks on the (The models and prototype for the Walthers tugs ae shown in model. The scuttle or hatch covers are also accurately represented as hinged the January 1999 issue of "The Journal.") It precludes having and round, running along each side outboard of the port or starboard track. to saw a hole in your layout and having the location of the ves­ These hatchways provided access down into the hull for the floats' frequent sel frozen for all of time or sawing the model. It certainly is a inspections and allowed repair work as necessary. The cleats and bitts run­ ning down each side and across the stern and bow were used for making plus for us railroad modelers. John Teichmoeller has envisioned tow and mooring lines fast; these are also reasonable on the model, except a ro lling cart that contains a number of loaded floats that he will for the bitt posts as noted in section H of the basic modeling steps. Mooring ro ll up to his layout and discharge. The diffe rent cars on each hooks, which were used to facilitate the initial attachment of the float to float allow him destination diversity. the transfer bridge and the toggle pockets, were used to accommodate the Basically this article offers suggestions and demonstrates large stout toggle pins to further hold the float to the bridge; these are also methods based on prototype practice on how to upgrade this fairly accurate on the model. The rail chairs, which were the method of model. J will start by offering tips on assembling the model out attaching the rail to the deck, are also accurate of type, though many dif­ of the box, then indicate areas where additional items will cre­ ferent types were used. The integral casting of the frog and guard rail pan­ ate a more credible model, i.e. reworking the fe nders, using els are also credible recreations of the prototype. The only super-detail nickel silver model rail, creating life lines or hand rails, creat­ (beyond NBWs on each side of each rail chair) I would recommend is adding chain and chain stops. This was a simple solution that most railroads ing more prototypical signboards and, lastly, superdetail items. used to augment the hand setting of brakes to hold the cars in place on the Finally, in the painting of the model, I will offer some tech­ floats. It was simply a length of chain that they would wrap around the front niques that will not only enhance this model but hopefully coupler of the lead car on each track. Sometimes they had a hook on the increase your modeling vocabulary. free end of the chain to simplifylocking the chain on, but often not. The chain Let's begin by constructing the model. Follow the steps indi­ stop simply allowed the chain to be easily locked to a certain length. The cated on the instruction sheet. What is included in this article stop and chain sets were located toward the bow in the center of each track are some additional suggestions ] think will ease the process and were placed under where the lead car's coupler should be spotted. I along. purchased chain stops and Bluejacket chain, 36 links per inch, (available So much for the basic model out-of-the-box construction. through the Dromedary or Model Expo), and glued the stops in place The rest of the article deals with the areas of upgrading the according to the diagram. After painting, I cut 12 scale foot lengths of chain, threaded them halfway through the stops and glued them in place. model to true prototype status. The areas of detailing that I will Don't forget to add 2x4s in various lengths strewn around the bow. They cover are reworking the fenders or rubbing rails, using nickel were almost universally used as wheel chocks to further hold the cars in place. silver rail, creating safety lines (or to us landlubbers, hand-

60 RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 Mev Yot'k Harbor Car float end specif ications Cooied by T. FlaF,R 9/'15 from Beth. Ste�l ShiDvard 'Plans of SePt. 1n I I 29 1047 I I South St. Seaport collection = I ; C SCALE : '"' L----....,jJ � 3/16" 1.0' ---I - G---o e�: L.- 1

--.- ---:r

'0

I . \ . �l.::�:' ,;\- i· _ ' I ,

' i �·t ' -, - !- ' __ 1 . : i�O' 1 '_,, _ ,- . -I' ' 1 : J � �;" t -:- ' - -- -'I�- \ -":;;,' ��---�-- -'��" I -2:. ",,,,, oF:-noG;.a�, �"1. -' - '': (8' I -�" 1:1� --' l" I " 1 ," I 1 I 1 I HEAD C; ' , F£oM' F;WO," "EO(;E CF , , l -- 1 iT �' I, , I I - � � --- '. I I ' I - I 'I. ' - -=----r ' 1' -·- --- ,' 1I �' " , � , : n i : _�I 1 I 0mY ' _ _, _, __ '_\ Le---r - '��l 1' , ', , 1 , " , �- � :.;g:-' I t-i I \ I ! ! I I - I . : 1

------. - --___--;- _ __, ------,-, -,-,c=- .,-.----

7. Diagram New York Harbor Carfloat end specifications. Copied by T. Flagg from Bethlehem Naval Shipyard plans, September 29, 1947 in the South Seaport Collection.

Painting the Model rust. I will, however, suggest what to do with the tops to simulate in-use, but not polished silver rails. All the deck hardware including vent grilles, I took a very different approach to painting the model than Walthers' mod­ scuttles, mooring hooks, toggle pockets, switch frog, and rail chairs would eler Ken Patterson did for the box art and for Walthers catalog illustrations. have started off black but would all show the effects of wear, use and rust. The model used in the packaging illustrations is finished in an overall, As for the other hardware, i.e. the bumpers, cleats and bitts, I chose to unmodulated rust color. I felt this was a simplification at best. It ignores a model the era that painted them in white or yellow, for visibility and hence salient feature of Port of New York floats: that of a deck covered with an safety. But these too will show the effects of rust and wear. Handrails will asphalt surface. It further depicts a vessel that has never received a coat of be black, and the signboards will be black with white lettering. Now let's paint. In the era of the model, they were primed and painted and main­ begin. I use an airbrush exclusively and recommend you do also, observing tained. It is more reminiscent of the abandoned hulks my friend To m Flagg all necessary precautions. My paint of choice is still standc;trd Floquil. and I have crawled over in our documented explorations of the Port. It also Before you spray, though, I advise you to mask the center sec­ is too early an architecture to be self-rusting steel (not that I ever heard of tion of the rail chairs (those 500 odd little plastic protuberances that run vessels being made of such stuff) . However, if it suits your modeling mood down the deck in 6 lines and will eventually hold the rails). ACC cements and is in keeping with your railroads' persona, unleash the rust. It will take work well when paint isn't involved. Therefore, I used liquid frisket to mask far less time to accomplish that than the paint job I am going to show you. off the center of each rail chair so the plastic would remain raw. Whether Now don't get super lazy and use your rust right out the bottle, mix your you use the styrene rails supplied and styrene cement, or use real rail and rust with engine black and mineral reds. Mr. Patterson has streaked and ACC cement as I did, the adhesion will be enhanced, raw material to raw weathered his model nicely and therein deserves emulation. material without paint. It sounds more tedious than it is. Just keep the The paint scheme I am going to represent is real generic float. frisket brush from globbing up. I then primed the entire completed float The hull was painted black by most of the Port's railroads [the Pennsylvania (absent the handrails and signboards and added details) with Floquil Rust RR being the most notable exception choosing, what else but "Permanent with 20 percent Engine Black added. Let it dry for a couple of days until Red Enamel-Marine Equipment Only," a variation ofTuscan Red for their you cannot smell the paint. hulls). The deck as I alluded to before was covered in one or two layers of Paint the sides of the hull first. I did not concern myself with the asphalt material. The color of this material is very subjective, I have pho­ bottom, except for the raked portions at the bow and stern. Instead we will tos going from a mid-value black to light grey. I imagine the composition concentrate on the sides and ends. Start by masking off the entire deck. I of the original material as well as the effects of sun and saltwater account used masking tape around the entire edge and filled the center section with for these variations. I chose a mid to light gray as it showed the effects I scrap paper. Make the outer edge of the tape coincident with the seamline formed by the deck where it joins the side wall, so that the top edge of the will demonstrate best. The painting techniques I will show you can be applied to any variation, though. The rails are pretty standard in their side side will be black.

RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 61 RAILROAD CARFLOATS

o 10 20 30 • I o feet

rails), making a prototypical set of signboards, and fi nally addll1g some superdetails. Lastly, painting and weathering will be explored in depth. In that all these areas are additive and not necessarily dependent on each other, you may do some or all of them. RMJ

When you have completed the pulling-off process, lightly re­ spray the black over the entire hull to cut the contrast and blend the rust spots. Put the hull aside to dry.

I stopped the line of tape at all cleats and bitts as the outer edge of their Paint the deck next. Remove all masking previously done. Now mask the bases was part of the line I was masking. When the edge is complete, mask hull sides and ends we just painted. I started at the deck side seam again the bitts and cleats with a 3/4-inch piece of tape on the outboard side only. with liz-inch tape and added one strip of tape to the sides as necessary. Ta ke extra care at the four corners. I cut a custom circle for each. This color Again take pains at the four curved corners. Next I used liquid frisket to break is a nice detail and important. Ta ke the time to do it carefully. Yo u are mask off all deck hardware, i.e. vent grilles, scuttle covers, cleats, bitts, now at a junction. You may follow the technique I outline below to achieve mooring hooks, bumpers, toggle pockets, guard rails and base plates, as a wonderful black surface with patches and splotches of rust coming well as the full rail chairs. You do not have to remove the frisket we put in through, or you may go ahead and just spray the entire hull a mixed black. the center section of the rail chairs previously, just run a quick stroke of In either case, I mixed up Floquil 110010 Engine Black with 110073 Rust frisket over the whole top of the rail chair's surface. and 110179 Mineral Red as a warm, well-weathered black. I used a mixture of Floquil 110082 Concrete and Rust, mixed Rust-Simulation Techniques about 4:1, to represent the sun-bleached, light asphalt I wanted. When dry, The special technique I am going to demonstrate involves rubber cement. I used a technique to simulate the exposed aggregate often seen in such a Though it is not new, and I am certainly not the first to use it (I have used material. The technique is called splatter painting. Some people use their it to simulate worn or chipped, peeled paint on wood to great effect), I airbrush at low pressure loaded with thicker paint than normal, but my never used it to simulate the same effects on metal. I think the results are brush was balky the day I decided to do this, so I reverted to an older, man­ credible and should be added to your arsenal of techniques. ual technique. Ta ke an old stiff toothbrush, a mixing stick (popsicle stick) Use well-thinned rubber cement (it should run off the brush). and dip the tip of the stick in well-mixed white paint and rub the stick over Use a relatively stiff-bristled brush, one of those silver-handled throwaways the top of the bristles of the toothbrush to transfer the paint. Immediately, works great, and spartanly dab the rubber cement on in random patterns using the edge of the stick, draw the stick over the bristles towards you. but over the entire area of the sides and ends of the hull. Try to keep the Small droplets of paint should shoot out in the opposite direction. The drill patches of rubber cement very small. If you apply too much, so that it cov­ here is to position the brush 6 to 9 inches away from the surface you want ers too much of the 'surface, remove it when dry and redo. When you are to cover. Practice is advised here before you splatter up your float deck. Get finished, let the rubber cement dry thoroughly-it only takes a half hour or so. the feel of how much paint to apply to the brush, how much pressure is Now spray the hull the black color we mixed. Let it dry for an required as you draw the stick over the brush, the distance you should be hour or two depending on the atmospheric conditions. Then take strips of away from the work and your aim. We are not trying for a pebble by peb­ masking or scotch tape 4 to 5 inches long, press them to the hull, and pull ble recreation, but an optical mixture that adds to the visual enrichment of them off gently. The paint that was over the rubber cement will stick to the the deck. Don't worry about "large dots." I went back and spotted them out tape nicely, and you should be left with discrete rust spots showing through with a light rust or the concrete color mix. Splatter the entire deck. the freshly painted black.

62 RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 , . . , , , I� I I I I I I I Diagram 3. Handrail Template. Full-size for HO 40 50 scale. I 50 feet

'-.. . L t. l l t l t. l t. � t1t! 1. t tl �l 1.. �t

II t It tl i: 1.. " l 1.1 to l illl � tl V t t � t t � l 1. l l � L:.:::.. l l � � t � 1. l � l t 1. t l

I sprayed mooring hooks, scuttle covers, and vent grilles rusty black, cleats with Floquil 110011 Reefer White with a touch of rust. Finally, bitts and bumpers, including sections of rail that rise from the deck to attach to them Next, take your airbrush, loaded with very thinned Floquil Rust (50 percent were sprayed dirty yellow (Floquil 110031). Set the whole beast aside to at least) and begin to "rust" stain the deck. The logic of what we want to dry. We'll assemble later after all the detail painting. Airbrush all the sign­ accomplish is to replicate the rust stains around and under all the metal parts on the deck. These areas include around all the scuttle covers vent boards and handrails F10quil Engine Black. Set aside to dry. Airbrush rails grilles, and other deck protuberances as well as down along each line �f rail per instructions in that section. Blacken the chain for the chain stops with and rail chairs. The stain of rust should be light: build it up-we are only "Blacken It." Letter the signboards with the method of your choice. Spray . addmg an overtone to the basic deck color, not covering it. The lines under the signs with Testors DullCote when dry to protect the lettering. the rail should be out about a foot beyond the rail chairs. A quick fact about Attaching the Rail attach rail to the float. Clean offall the friskit mask from marine architecture will help you with the other deck hardware. All 'Jesse Is' It is now time to the rail chairs. I use masking tape or a soft eraser gently. It will peel off eas­ decks are crowned with the center higher than the outer edges. It is called ily. Set yourself up with plenty of weights and a large work area. Test fit chamber in nautical terms, and facilitates water runoff. Even the seeming­ each rail and shape as necessary. We will do one rail at a time. Start with ly flat-decked floats had an inch or two to keep the deck dry. What this the port rail. I used thin, medium-setting cyanoacrylate cement (ACC) and translates to in terms of our rust staining is that the outboard side of all applied a drop to the center section of each rail chair. Place rail in. It should the deck hardware is where the rust stains would accumulate as the water to the deck and does not ran offthe deck. Further, I ran a spritz of rust, left to right, along the trans­ fit snugly in between tabs. Be sure rail is parallel versal plate lines. Remember, keep it light, washy. lift up anywhere, especially at curved sections. Put weights on it: be sure When splatters and rust are dry, remove all masks on all deck weights are �arallel to deck and don't twist rail. Apply ACC to the top of the hardware except rail chairs. Then mask all the areas all deck hard­ bumper castmg to hold angled-up end of rail, clamp securely. Install the around sec?nd rail and move weights over to rest on both rails. Leave weights on ware. I used a combination of liquid frisket, masking tape and specially cut until dry. Repeat for two other tracks. Wipe away any excess glue before it masks when painting to accomplish this. sets. Installing Handrails Be sure all drilled holes are clear and redrill as necessary. Place stanchions in holes by engaging three or four at a time. Continue along the length. Use a 36-inch-scale-height gauge to leave slightly higher than final height. Apply a small drop of thin ACC just above the base of each stanchion. Determine the proper amount by trial and error. This small droplet should run dow� the stanchion into the hole without a big ugly puddle of glue on deck. QUICkly set the height by inserting the 36-inch gauge under the cable and pushing down at each stanchion gently, before the glue dries. Do this a!ong each side. After one side is done, sight along the rail from the top and Side. Undo any problems with nail polish remover or simple bending. Repeat for opposite side railing. Installing Signboards The signboards are installed in a manner similar to the handrails except 6- ' scale-inch gauges are used to keep signs even and off the deck.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 63 .--.... nv,.., "'-MftrLVAI ':'

Final Deck Details and Weathering A judge, commenting years ago on one of my scratchbuilt floats, noted my deck was too clean-look­ ing. Both the splatter painting and rust staining have brought me a long way toward his vision and my nemesis. But I was still not happy. After considerable machination, I think I came up with a solu­ tion to creating this"Deck Detritus." The layman's term forthis detritus would be dirt and junk. Though the decks of floats were probably swept clean, manually or by overspraying with water, close inspec­ tion revealed a mess under and around each rai l. Obviously, the small space created a place where stuff collected, and couldn't be removed easily, like under a bed. Searching my scenic materials drawer I came up with "Weathering Pastels" from the Rock Quarry (P.O. Box 26372, Dallas, TX 75226) 115 Chocolate Brown Medium and 192 Tu rf Brown Dirt. I felt these would be good for their rust-like color. However, the 115 was too coarse. I mixed both into my mortar and pestle and ground it up finer, not pulverizing it. I then brushed a glob of DuliCote loosely under each section of rail in between the rail chairs and sprinkled my dirt mixture over it. Before it was dry I shaped, added and removed dirt to taste. I reglued with DuliCote when I was sat­ isfied with the results. Yo u may run a really clean railroad and be too fastidious to try this, but I was happy with the results.

Finally, I weathered the model with chalks. I first sprayed the entire model with DuliCote, making sure to cover all glossy spots caused by glue spills and spots. I ran some rust-colored streaks down the hull sides at cleats, bitts and toggle pockets. I dusted the cleats, bitts and bumpers with rust, black and grey to tone down their starkness. I did some dusting around the scuttle covers and vents, though the rust staining looks effective there.

64 RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 65 Box OR KIT CONVERSIONS (Continued from page 6) pieces of the scalloped side skirt at a center out toward the ends, scribe a line and Erie cars, use InterMountain 50- 45-degree angle. When locating the every 3112 fe et. Cut thirteen 91/Z-foot ton trucks. The NYC&St.L (NKP) car other skirt pieces, fo llow prototype strips of lx2 tyrene. Glue these ribs requires Micro-Trains ] 004 Bettendorf photos, as some cars show s lio-b ht dif- on the scribed lines. They are a little trucks. Te st fit the trucks and fi le the fe rences. over length. Trim the overhano- to o-et bolsters until the couplers are at the b b an even edge along the top of the car correct height. Scrape away any areas Ends before attaching the roofwalk. on the underframe where the wheel File the oversize poling pockets at flanges rub. The Nickel Plate Road box car has the bottom corners flat. File the top rib Finally, cut away a 1 x 3-foot notch a Hutchins radial roof. Round off the off the ends of every car, except the CP surface of the roof. Scribe a line across at each corner to allow the stirrups to car. Add an extra rib to the bottom of the center of the car. Work from the fit on the inside of the body. Glue in the the CP car made fro m 2x2 styrene. File center out toward the ends scribino- b steel weights, and add a little extra . and sand it to match the others. hnes every 2112 feet. Apply 15 ribs weight to bring the car up near the Replace the brake wheels with made from Ix3 styrene. Bend the ends NMRA Standard. Micro-Trains 1088 Horizontal Brake of the 1 Olh-foot-Iong ribs slightly with lono-er Only the CP boxcar has a b wheels. On the NYC&St.L (NKP) car, a pliers before gluing them down. Then wheelbase. For this car, cut the under- cut off the brake wheel housing. glue two small ribs (made from frame in half at the center. Glue the Replace it with a Micro-Trains 1089 Plastruct .020-inch styrene square rod) halves to the steel weight with Vertical Brake Wheel. between each roof section. Complete Walther's GOO, leaving a 2-foot gap The Erie box cars had unique the roof by adding the roofwalk. between the halves. Fill the open space Buckeye ends. These were modeled by The Erie box car has a Viking roof. with scraps of styrene. sanding the ends flat, and gluing on six I rolled my own fro m K&S Sides and Doors rows of lx4 styrene. These were Engineering .0lO-inch brass sheet. rounded and tapered into the sides. The Two 41/z-inch-wide strips cut 45 fe et Tri m away all of the plug door top rib is a lx2 strip, and the tackboard long were pressed against the ridges on detail from the carbody. File the door is a lx6 strip. Gold Medal Models 160- a jar lid. You'll have to search throuo-h guides flush with the side of the car. b 25 etched-brass ladders were attached the cupboards to find just the right lid. Cut away the bottom side skirtino-b to match the side ladders. A Micro­ Make one long strip for each side of between the bolsters. Cut off the over- Trains 1089 Ve rtical Brake Wheel was the roof. File the car roof flat, and glue size stirrups. Fi Ie the bottom edge of attached, and the brake rod was made the brass strips to the roof of the car the car flat, except for the tabs above from .O I 5-inch wire. with ACe. Then glue ribs made from the trucks. lx2 styrene across the roof with ACe. The doors on all cars are made from Roofs The ribs l ine up with the side rivets. Micro-Trai ns I 09 1 Yo ungstown Doors. Remove the roofwalk and cut off The roofwalk is then attached with Cut off the door track guide and sand the ice hatches. Fill in the roofwalk ACe. the back sides of the doors to one-third mounting holes with putty and lightly Befo re painting the cars, use their thickness. In making new doors, filedown the ribs along the peak of the Walther's GOO to attach the Micro­ you have to work around the molded­ roof. Glue a I-foot-long piece of Ix2 Trains 1078 Box Car Stinups to the on tackboard on the doors. The lower styrene at the roof peak at each end of inside corners of the car bodies. Cut third of the door is removed, and the the car to support the roofwalk. Cut the individual stirrups away from their upper third of another door is substitut­ three 42-foot pieces of 1 x2 styrene for connecting strip. ed. Glue new upper and lower door the roofwalk. Glue them along the roof tracks to the carbody. These are made peak. The end roofwalks are made Paint fI Decals from a 13-foot 9-inch pieces of 2 x 2 from .01 5-inch styrene with lines All of the cars are painted box car Evergreen styrene. Note the "dimen­ scribed across to make it look like red. Only the Erie car has a black roof sional" styrene lumber referred to from wood. The prototype MP, WM and and ends. I mixed diffe rent shades of Evergreen is listed as HO scale sizes BAR boxcars had panel roofs . No other Floquil Box Car Red to keep the cars since no N scale components are avail­ roof modifications are necessary. from looking identical. A little bit of able. Fit the doors between the tracks, The Soo Line box car had a flat Floquil Roof Brown or Caboose Red and glue on new tackboards made from seamed roof. File both halves of the were added to the Box Car Red. I used Ix4 and Ix6 Evergreen styrene. Add a rooHlat. Be careful to keep the peak in CDS dry transfers for the CP, Erie and door handle and door guides to the bot­ the center of the car. Lightly scribe a NKP cars and Northeast decals for the tom of the door. These are made from line across the roof that is in line with MP and Soo cars. The cars receiving Plastruct .020-inch styrene square rod. each row of side rivets. Then attach the decals were oversprayed with a coat of Glue another small piece of .020-inch roofwalk. Floquil Gloss, the cars receiving dry styrene square rod to the left side of the The Canadian Pacific box cars had transfers were coated with Testors' car fo r the upper grabiron. Murphy radial roofs . File, scrape and DullCote. After the letteri ng was Glue a 20-foot piece of 2x2 styrene sand the radial profi Ie across the lOp of applied, all cars were sprayed with along the bottom edge of the carbody the car. Then scribe a line across the DullCote and lightly weathered with below the door. Cut the ends of all center of the car. Working from the chalk dust. RMJ

66 RAILMODELjOURNAL · APRIL 1999 The Model Power reefer body with the Micro­ Tra ins door and strip styrene door guides, latch­ es, side sill extensions, grabirons and placards.

Three Model Power reefers with new strip styrene roofwalks and (left to right) the out-of­ box end (on the MP car), a simulated riveted panel end made from styrene sheet (on the SAL car) and the Buckeye end on the Erie car).

Use a peanut butter jar cap and .010 brass sheet to create the ribs for the Viking roof. Cut the foil to size, wrap it around the jar cap and gently pull a jeweler's screwdriver over the knurls in the jar lid.

The raised panel roof (top) and Viking roof with roofwalks ready to paint.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 67 [PERFORMANCE ] .------,

The more significant figures from Guy Th rams' and Bob Higgins' evaluations of model locomotives in past issues of this magazine. Th e issues with asterisks are out of print, but photocopies of these reports are available fo r $2.00 each (a llow 30 days for shipment). Explanations of how Bob Higgins and Guy Thrams test these locomotives appear.ed in the March 1990 and September 1992 issues.

HO Scale Diesels N Scale Diesels Athearn (as·is) EMD GP38·2 .24 126.4 2.76 3,4 Jan. 1990' Arnold 1.90 151.4 ,44 2.0 Mar. 1991 Athearn (w/Helix Humper EMD GP38·2 .89 112.1 2.76 2.8 Sept. 1995 Aico S2 .48 can motor conversion) Atlas EMD GP7 237.0 .57 2.0 Ocl. 1995 Proto Power West EMD F7 A (& F7B) .35 98.2 4.46 2,4 May 1990 Atlas (with DCC decoder) EMD GP 40-2 .42 203.7 .73 3.6 May 1998 (Athearn w/ean moior) (.26) (95.0) (8.92) (2.6) May 1990 Alias EMD SD 60 1.63 222.4 0.90 1.6 March 1999 Alhearn/PPW. weighted EMD GP9 .20 94.2 4.01 3.0 May 1990 AtlaS/Kato GE U258 (two) .29 222.4 .64 2.0 June 1989 Athearn wlNWSL motor EMD GP38-2 .21 60.9 2.30 1.8 August 1990 (.31) (189.6) (1.37) (2.0) June 1989 Athearn w/NWSL motor. EMD GP38-2 Atlas/Kato EMD SD7 1.29 231 .9 .60 1.7 April 1990 weighted .24 61.2 3.88 2.2 August 1990 Atlas/Kato EMD GP35 1.07 213.7 .61 2.2 Nov. 1992 Athearn/Proia Power Bachmann wiN EMD SD40·2 .74 148.3 1.03 2.4 Sept. 1989 West w/replacement Bachmann Scale of EMD SD40-2 .82 155.7 1.25 2.6 Sept. 1989 Wheel sets: Nevada Chassis NorthWest Short Line EMD GP38-2 .23 97.4 2.56 1.6 Oct. 1990 Bachmann/Spectrum EMC Gas Elec. 20.0.44 110.1 0.38 3.2 Aug. 1998 Jay-Bee EMD GP38-2 .27 97.4 2,40 1.5 Oct. 1990 Bachmann/Spectrum GE Dash 8·40C 113.0 1.15 5.2 April 1993 Athearn GE C44-9W 1.85 100.7 3.18 3.6 March 1996 Bachmann/Spectrum EMD DDA40X .35 163.9 1.13 3.8 Sept. 1997 Athearn GE AC4400W .10 95.8 5.06 4.1 Dec. 1996 EMD E7A .57 99.8 4.19 3.4 Oct. 1992 Atlas Alco S2 .65 82.5 3.52 4.4 Feb. 1991 Con Cor Atlas/Roco EMD FP7A .35 97.4 4.23 6.0 Dec. 1990 Kala Alco PAl (& PB1) 1.43 167.7 1.25 1.7 Dec. 1998 Atlas GE U33C 1.18 89.3 3.81 1.8 May 1995 (1.07) (156.8) (2.328) (1.8) Dec. 1998 Bachmann-Plus GE B23-7 1.75 84.9 3.17 2.9 July 1992 Kato EMD E8A .26 222.4 .96 2.0 Aug. 1993 Bachmann·Plus EMD F7A (& F7B) .93 88.7 3.38 2.5 Jan. 1996 EMD E8A & (E8B) (.26) (220.4) (1.92) (2.3) Aug. 1993 (.93) (84.9) (5.82) (2.4) Jan. 1996 Kala GE U30C ,48 242.2 .88 2.4 Feb. 1990 Con-Cor/Roco EMD GP40 .97 112.1 2.93 9.5 March 1991 Kala GE Dash 9-94CW . 11 198.2 .84 1.4 Nov. 1997 Con-Cor/Roco EMD GP40 .29 99.0 2.91 3.2 April 1991 Key/Endo EMD F7A (& F7B) .39 145.3 .57 3.8 Mar. 1992 (with Mashima can motor) (.50) (150.3) (1.27) (3.0) Mar. 1992 Con·Cor EMD MP15DC .51 69.7 1.46 1.1 Sept. 1996 Life-Like EMD F9A (& F9B) 2.04 177.2 1.41 5.0 Aug. 1989 Con·Cor EMD SW1500 (SW 7) 1.99 265.9 .57 2.2 Dec. 1997 (1.84) (166.4) (2.78) (4.7) Aug. 1989 E-R Models (Frateschi) Alco FA1 1.95 114.2 2.39 5.4 Oct. 1993 Life·Like Alco FA2 (& FB2) 1.19 158.0 .91 4.0 May 1993 89.3 3.0 Dec. 1995 E-R Models (Fratesehi) Alco FA 1 .64 3.70 (.66) (149.3) (1.81) (3.4) May 1993 IHC EMD E8A (& E8B) 1.96 144.9 2.51 5.0 Feb. 1995 Life·Like Alco PA l 2.97 139.7 1.21 3.4 Nov. 1998 (1.50) (136.6) (5.03) (4.8) 25 ounces added 1.20 167.0 .84 3.0 April 1 994 (wilh weighl) 146.7 4.38 7.4 Life·Like EMD GP18 April 1995 (�:��) (136.6) (8.75) (6.4) Feb. 1995 Llfe·Like EMD E8A 1.63 149.3 1.27 4.0 IHC EMD SD35 4.38 123.75 2.48 2.0 July 1996 Life·Like EMD SD7 .29 121.1t .48 2.45 June 1996 Kato EMD SD40 1.18 81.9 3.29 3.0 June 1991 Life·Like EMD E7A 3.14 140.6 1.33 4.3 Feb. 1998 KalO/Stewarl EMD F3A (& F3B) .38 83.1 4.28 2.9 Sept. 1989 Life-Like EMD SW9 .45 106.9 ,40 2.0 April 1998 (similar GP7 models by Atlas) (.31) (81 .9) (9.00) (2.8) Sept. 1989 Model Powerl Kato EMD GP35 .29 82.5 2.87 2.2 Nov. 1992' Mehanotenika EMD F40PH 3.14 184.7 .83 3.8 Sept. 1990 Kato EMD NW2 .76 67.9 2.44 3.0 Feb. 1994 SamhongsalHalimark EMD F3A (& F3B) .29 150.3 1.03 3.2 July 1989 Kato G.E. Dash 9·44CW 1 .52 78.7 4.35 2.0 Oct. 1996 (.35) (151,4) (2.04) (3.2) July 1989 Kato Alco RS2 1.48 78.7 3.40 2.0 Feb. 1999 Kato Alco RSC2 2.58 75.2 4.19 2.1 Feb. 1999 N Scale Steam Locomotives Keystone/NWSL GE 44-Ton .17 36.9 1.52 2.0 March 1990' Hobbytown EMD E8A .60 81.4 5.92 3.3 Jan. 1991 Kato USRA 2·8-2 3.10 111.8 .7 2.5 April 1996 MDC Roundhouse Alco RS3 .61 94.3 3.98 & Oct. 1997 Model Power EMD GP9 .26 104.2 2.71 U ��� 1��ci Kato USRA 2-8·2 4.80 122.5 1.04 2.9 June 1 998 Ajin/Overland Models EMD SW1500 .36 74.3 2.53 1.2 AURust 1990 (GHQ PRR L-l) Alin/Overland Models EMD SD60 .37 80.3 4.49 �:g ���I 1 ��1 Key Imports C&O 2·6·6-6 .44.59 96.9 1.27 3.8 June 1997 �����erland Models E G 2 :�5 79.2 1.95 Pecos Aiver ATSF 4·6·2 87.2 .88 4.4 Jan. 1995 �rSD J't�o 78.2 3.07 1.6 Dec. 1991 Aivarossi USRA 2·8-2 3.00 177.2 1.14 9.0 Oct. 1991 73.8 Model Power PRR 2-8-0 4.77 0.85 1.5 August 1996 Rivarossi (wIN Seale of USRA 2-8·2 .49 160.3 .66 4.5 Oct. 1991 Proto 1000 Life-Like EMD F3 .19 80.8 3.69 3.7 January 1999 Nevada frame & NWSL Proto 2000 Life-Like Alco FA2 .20 90.7 3.14 4.2 July 1991 Sagami 1420 can motor) Proto 2000 Life·Like EMD BL2 .31 90.7 3.53 5.4 Nov. 1989' Proto 2000 Life-Like EMD GP9 .06 79.2 3.29 4.8 March 1998 Proto 2000 Life-Like EMD GP18 .58 99.8 3.40 2.6 Feb. 1993 S Scale Diesels Proto 2000 Life-Like EMD E8A .51 95.8 5.94 5.6 March 1994 Proto 2000 Life·Like EMD SD7 .52 73.3 3.58 5.0 July 1995 American Models EMD GP35 .54 78.0 7.85 2.0 June 1993 Proto 2000 Life-Like EMD SW9/SW1200 .57 55.5 1.36 3.7 May 1996 S Helper Service EMD SW9 .29 55.6 4.32 1.7 Oct. 1998 Spectrum Bachmann EMD F40PH Phase 11 1 .39 80.3 3.79 3.8 Feb. 1992 Spectrum Bachmann GE Dash 8-40C 1.96 87.4 3.69 o Scale Diesels Spectrum Bachmann GE Dash 8-40CW 3.3 109.0 4.54 �j �:� 1��g Spectrum Bachmann F-M H16·44 2.32 49.5 1.27 2.4 July 1997 Alias EMD SW8/9 .63 60.1 12.49 2.1 April 1999 Spectrum Bachmann EMC Gas Elec. .41 82.5 2.34 Aug. 1994 3.0 Central Loco. Works EMD F7A (& F7B) .25 72.0 20.68 4.4 Sept. 1989 Speclrum Bachmann EMD DDA40X .68 133.5 6.68 3.2 Aug. 1997 (.20) (65.5) (39.10) (4.0) Sept. 1989 Stewart Hobbies EMD FTA (& FTB) .18 70.3 3.94 2.6 Nov. 1996 .41 76.2 21.85 5.6 April 1992 (.13) (72.0) (7.67) (2.6) Key/Samhongsa Alco PAl WaltherS/Roeo EMD SWI .21 53.3 2.47 1.4 March 1993 P&D Hobby EMD F9A (& F9B) .25 77.1 5.79 1 .2 June 1990 WaltherslTrainline Alco FAt (& FBI) .31 68.7 4.47 4.2 April 1997 (.24) (74.1) (12.80) (1.9) June 1990 (,16) (65.3) (8.22) (3.8) P&D Hobby EMD F3B .25 77.1 5.81 1.6 Jan. 1993 WalthersfTrainline EMD GP9M 1 .18 73.8 2.64 4.0 March 1995 Red Caboose EMD GP9 .27 81.9 12.78 2.2 June 1992 WaltherslTrainline wilh Alco FAI .98 92.1 3.9 n/a Sept. 1998 Weaver (0 scale) Aleo FA2 .22 72.8 15.31 1.9 July 1989 MRC DCC D Coder Weaver (Hi-Rail) Alco FA2 .21 100.8 12.53 2.2 August 1995 Scale Steam Locomotives Alco FA2 (& FB2) .25 (94.9) (19.25) (2.0) August 1995 HO Weaver EMD E8 .30 105.6 14.45 2.1 July 1993

Atlas GE C30-7 .71 78.2 3.92 2.2 Feb. 1997 o Scale Steam Locomotives Bachmann· Plus SP 4-8·4 .18 112.1 2.31 1.9 Sept. 1993 Bowser IEnglish's SamhongsalHalimark On3-EBT 2-8-2 .22 33.8 9.09 2.4 Aug. 1989 Model RR Supply) B&O 0-4·0T .90 102.4 1.46 1.8 Dec. 1992 Bowser PRR H-9 2·8·0 .64 89.3 3.70 2.8 Nov. 1995 G Gauge Diesels IHC 4-4-0 1.17 56.0 1.14 3.5 Dec. 1994 IHCIMehano B&O 0-4-0T 1.42 132.0 .92 2.0 Dec. 1992 LGB Alco DL535E 2.67 48.0 27.01 N/A April 1990 IHC/Mehano SP 2-6-0 .81 77.6 1.90 4.2 Jan. 1994 Lionel EMD GP7 .38 55.6 14.74 5.9 May 1991 IHe/Mehano C&O 4-8-2 .36 89.3 2.71 3.0 Sept. 1994 Ral"'ay Express Agency Alco FAI 3.79 68.2 15.25 N/A July 1990 IHC 2·8-0 .44.42 74.7 2.53 2.5 March 1997 Key Imports UP 4·8-8-4 62.2 6.47 496 AUB��1 1 1 G Gauge Steam Locomotives Life-Like B&O 0·4-0T 1.37 104.2 1.01 �� Manlua 2·6·6·2 3.00 70.2 5.27 7.0 June 1991 Aristo·Craft �RT) B&O 4·6-2 1.15 51.9 28.08 2.0 Oct. 1991 Mantlla 0·6·0T NA 126.4 2.09 3.2 June 1991 Arislo·Craft ART) & PRR 0·4-0 .94 72.7 12.13 1.6 Jan. 1992 Manlua 2-8·2 .65 76.2 3.36 3.5 June 1994 Lehmann (L E) 0-4-0T 2.40 28.7 7.24 NiA May 1992 Mantua w/Mashima 2-6·6·0 .24 50.6 2.17 4.2 June 1991 Bachmann 0-4-0T .31 25.6 6.38 2.6 Aug. 1992 Mantua 0·4-0 .90 107.0 3.55 4.0 June 1995 Bachmann Radlo- Mantua with 812 Can Motor 0·4-0 1.86 84.9 3.39 1.8 June 1995 Controlled Baldwin 4-6·0 .55 25.2 28.81 NJA June 1989 AjiniOverland Models NYC 2-8-2 .50 74.3 3.79 1.6 Sept. 1991 Bachmann Track· Precision Scale (Iron Horse)UP 4-10·2 7.02 53.0 3.08 2.9 Jan. 1998 Powered Baldwin 4-6·0 5.50 38.4 11.23 1.0 Ocl. 1990 Rivarossi 5.90 71.6 9.47 3.3 4·6-6-4 Jan. 1997 Delton Loco. Works D&AG 2-8·0 .12 40.9 17.00 2.0 Dec. 1989 Rivarossi USRA 2-8-2 1.78 70.7 4.47 2.4 May 1997 LGB 2·6-0 2.65 54.8 22.45 N/A Nov. 1991 SamhongsaiPowerhouse USRA 2-6·6·2 .28 57.1 8.78 3.0 July 1989 LGB Forney 0-4-4T 2.74 36.1 26.39 N/A July 1994 Speclrum (BaChmannl Reading 2-8-0 .22 104.2 2.38 2.1 Dec. t993 Lionel Baldwin 0·4·0T .12 54.5 9.60 1.8 Oct. 1989' Spectrum (Bachmann PRR 4-6·2 1.21 91.4 2.32 2.2 Oct. 1994 Kalamazoo Toy Trains 0-4-0T .48 50.1 13.47 1.1 Jan.1991 Spectrum (Bachmann) Baldwin 2·8-0 .30 83.7 2.83 2.4 July 1998 Kalamazoo Toy Trains 4·4-0 .82 67.1 13.18 1.3 Jan. 1991 Weslside "Classic' SP 4-6-0 .49 49.1 3.24 1.7 August 1992 are for two locomotives 68 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 ------[ ONE-OETAIL-AT-A-TIME ]------

By Ed Ryan Photos from the collection of Louis A. Marre

The first 1500 horsepower F3s were September 1948 on the phase IV F3s and shipped in September 1946, although 104 they . looked exactly like Phase I F7s, similar looking F2s were built in mid- except for the slotted dynamic brake 1946 with the V16-567B engine rated at openings which were not very visible 1350 hosepoer . All F units rode on from ground level. Blomberg trucks with 40-illchwheels, and F7 production began in November a 9-foot O-inch wheelbase on 3-foot 0- ] 948 with a 36 inch dynamic brake fan inch truck centers. The A units measured instead of the F3's slotted dyanamic 50-feet 8-inches over couplers, while B brake openings and the horizontal slotted units were slightly shorter at 50-feet 0- stainless steel glills which Santa Fe even­ inches. The 378 steam generator tually replaced with the Fan-Air vertical equipped FP7As and 86 FP9is were four slit grills. The rear roof overhang disap­

feet longer at 54-feet 8-inches, with 34- peared by late J 951 during F7 production inches O-inch truck centers. There were and the horizontal stainless steel assem­ no FP B units si.nce all B units already bled grilJs were changed to a stamped had space for an optional steam generator vertical slit type grill on F7 Phase IIs. which all Santa Fe passenger B units had( DUl'ing 1952 the fom sets of louvers were he classic red and silver Santa as did mcmy other rai lroads B ullits used changed to a vertical type in February and Fe Super Chief warbonnet is in passenger service). in August the dynamic brake fa n was one of the earliest corporate marketing There were four distinct carbody changed from 36-il1ch to a 48-inch fan for images and logo to be embedded in tbe phases of F3s, and two phases of F7s, as remaining F7 production through the end American consciousness. The combina­ built, plus innumerable variations given of 1953 and all F9 production from 1954 tion of the famous EMD "bulldog" nose individual railroads' optional featm-es. through 1960. and the striking Santa Fe paint scheme Distinguishing features which identify all Subsequent railroad field upgrades epitomizes EMD's F unit diesels from the F2 production and early F3 Phase Is are and carbody modifications further ti rst FTs in 1939 through the last F9s the fo ur high shrouded cooling fans, slot­ blurred the difference in appearance built in 1960 . ted dynamic brake screened openings and between models. Santa Fe updated most Over 5600 EMD 1500 horsepower F3 chicken wire screens over the upper car­ if not all of itis F3s to partial or full F7 and F7s were built after World War II fol­ body intal(es with three portholes on both spec and appearance as evident in the lowing the 1100 predecessor 1350 horse­ the A and B units. photos. It is best to check numerous ref­ poer FTs manufactured during the war. A F3A phase II units had the middle erence sources and dates to model a par­ total of over 7600 EMD F unit diesels porthole el imillated in mid ] 947, replaced ticular engine accurately. Alternately the were delivered to more than 60 rail roads, by four rectangular vents covered by various manufacturers pre-p31nted mod­ undoubtedly the origin of the once popu­ chicken wire which was extended down els can determi ne the tinleframe and type lar expression that " all diesels look alike and between the two portholes; F3B units of service based on features and paint ". While the Atchison, Topeka and Santa had the chicken wire screen lengthened scbeme represented. Ejther way, half the Fe railroad had 320 nnits or almost 30 over tbe upper cal'body openings. By the fun is the challenge of doing the research percent of FT production, only 5 percent end of 1947 louvers covered the vents, and tracking down a specific unites) at a of F3s, 92 of tbe 1806 built, went to Santa eliminating the chicken wire between the specific time and place or type of service. Fe. The F7 was the most successful for portholes and the shrouds were removed EMD, with a total of 3849 built of which from the four cooling fans creating low Scale Model F3 If F7 Diesels: 462 (12 percent) went to Santa Fe fo l­ protiJe fans resulting in the pbase III F3. HO Scale: Athearn, Highliner, lowed by 36 F9s in mid 1956 of the 24 1 Stainless steel grills with horizontal Intermountain and Life-Like have all just total J 750 horsepower F9s built. slots replaced the chicken wire in announced new models of EMD's F nnits RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 69 sure to satisfy modelers of any rai lroads first generation cab units. Stewart has also re-released their extensive line of F units to complement their Fr models. Athearn's classic F7 A and B units have been the hobby standard for over 40 years in both freight and passenger schemes as well as undecorated versions with either single or duaJ headlights. A special edition set is available with both a blue bonnet and yellow bonnet F7 A freight scheme. Athearn also announced a new premium "Genesis" series of F units using the highly acclaimed Highliner tooling which they recently acquired. Under the agreement Athearn will offer finished painted versions of various railroads F unit models and Highliner will have undecorated A and B unit body kits on an exclusive basis. Intermountain Railway Company announced a line of nine F unit kits, and later assembled models. Both A and B models are plaru1ed for the F2, F3 Phase I, F3 Phase II, F3 Phase III, F3 Phase IV, F5 , F7 Phase r, F7 Phase II ancl the F9. Life-Like has an F3A Phase II w/o dynamic brakes available in six paint schemes, CB&Q, CNW, LV, PRR, UP and ATSF freight, in their newly announced Proto 1000 series line. Stewart Hobbies extensive line of F units in aU Phases decorated for many railroads, which were manufactured by Kato, may still be available although very scarce. Stewart has reintroduced the F units, which will be manufactmed American Limited Models, Box 7803, 9-208 A unit detail kit 5.50 in their Pennsylvania factory, using the Fremont , CA 94537: 9a-209 B unit detail kit 5.50 same body shells with a new chassis sim­ 1-9900 Diaphragms $4.95/pr. 12-265 MU hoses 3.75/4 sets of 4 ilar to the FT. 13-157 Motorola firecracker 1.95/5 N Scale: Bachmann, Kato, or Life-Like American Model Builders Inc., 1420 radio antenna o Scale: P & D Hobbies Hanley Industrial Court, St. Louis , 18- 1 18 Steam generator set 1.50/set MO 63144: 19-162 Rear backup lights 1.00/2 PA INT 2-222 Cab interior sunshades $1.85/4 ATSF SIlver: Polly Scale 414143, SMP Detail Associates, Box 5357, San Luis Accupaint 40, or Badger Model-Flex 16- Cal-Scale (division of Bowser Mfg. Obispo, CA 93403: 32 Co., Inc.), 21 Howard Street, 3-6206 Trainl ine air hoses $ 1.50/6 17754-0322: 6 ATSF .Red: Floquil ] 10176. Polly Scale Montoursville, PA 4- 1102 Lift brackets 1.00/ 414149, SMP Accupaint 2, Badger 3-320 Trainline air hoses $1.85/2 sets 8-2807 Speed recorders 1.75/4

Model-Flex 16-3 1, Scalecoat 69, or 4-4 15 Lift brackets 1.95/pr. 9-70 1 F31F7A detail kit 7.50 ProColor 097 6-4 19 Windshield wipers 3.50/2 pr. 9a-702 F3/F7B detail kit 7.00 10-2503 .010 dia. wire 2.50/LO DECALS Custom Finishing, 379 Tulley Road, (grabirons) HO Scale: MicroscaJe 87- 12 or Champ Orange, MA 01364: IOa-2504 .012 dia. wire 2 .50/10 BHRH-70 7-2 15 Horns $5 .95/2 (handrails) N Scale: Microscale 60- 12 8-J 95 Speed recorders 4.95/4 12-1508 MU hoses 2.00/ 16 o Scale: Microscale 48-43 12-258 MU hoses 7.95 sets of fouT 13-1805 Motorola firecracker 1.25/6 S Scale: Microscale 64-43 wi brkt 2L & 2R radio antenna 13-1 13 Motorola firecracker 4.95/2 14-2206 Roof lift rings 3.00/36 One-Detail -At-A-Time radio antennae 15-23 1O Cab mirrors/wind J .25/4 (HO scale): screens Details West, 13781 Roswell Ave. Unit 16-270 1 Air intake gJills 4.50/2 A-Line, Box 79 16, La Verne, CA B, Chino , CA 91710: 91750: 3-267 Trainline air hoses $1.25/2 6-29200 Windshield wipers $1..85/8 5-1 84 ATC shoe 1.25

70 RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 PHOTO 1 (EMD F3A II 5/9/48) less than eighteen months after delivery as Phase I, F3 19LABC has been modified to the Phase (( configuration with the center porthole removed from the A units and four screened vents added to the center panel. Also note the addition of the lower headlight and a Mars light installed in the upper housing.

PHOTO 2 (EMD F3A Modified 9/16/61) Nearly fifteen year old F3 19LABC now has the 36-inch dynamic brake fan and the appearance of an F7 except for the shrouded cooling fans. Note the "U on the nose above the coupler buffer and the modified fuel tank skirting.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 71 Highliner, P.O. Box 22435, San Diego, CA 92192: 20-200 1 Detail Kit including: $14.95 one 48-inch low fa n five 36-inch low fa ns four 36-inch tall fans exhaust stacks two steam generator vents eight sand fi ller hatches fo ur dynamic brake hatches 21-2002 Photo etched 5.95 .005-inch metal detail kit including: blk stainless steel one 4-inch fan grill five 36/34-inch fan grills misc. lift rings, door handles

Kadee Quality Products, 673 Avenue C, White City, OR 97503: 3-438 Trainline air hoses $1.35120

Keystone Locomotive Works, Box J, Pulteney ,NY 14874: 22-330 1 Cab interior $9.98

6622, M. V. Products, P. O. Box Orange, CA 92863-6622: 3151 2.75/ 10 (plastic) 6-94 Windshield 2.50/4 (copper) 17-1 1 Headlight lenses $1.85/2 3152 wlo angle cock 2.75/6 (Brass) wipers 23-300 Classitication lights 2.00/4 3153 wlo angle cock 2.75/ 10 6-97 Windshield wipers 1.50/4 (plastic) (Plastic) 7a-60 Five- trumpet hom2.00 Overland Models, Inc. (OMI) , 3808 6-3968 Windshield wipers 1.25/4 8-6 1 Speed recorclers 1.50/2

West Kilgore Avenue, Muncie, IL 7-39093 Horns 2.00/2 ] 5-77 Cab mirrors/wind screens2.0012 47304: 12-39058 MU hoses 2.75/4 (Brass) 7-9008 Horns $2.30/2 (four) wlbrkt 8-9676 S peed recorder 2.00 12-39059 1.75/4 (Plastic) Ordering Info rmation: All of these 1 1-9170 Nose door handles 3.85/ 6 13-39 132 Motorola 1.50/4 parts are available to any hobby dealer so firecracker rad io antenna your dealer can order for you. If you Precision Scale Co., 3961 Highway 93 must order direct, order the full package North, Stevensville, MT 59870: Utah Pacific, 9520 East Napier quantities shown and include $5.00 per 3-3 150 Trainline air $2.75/6 (Brass) Avenue, Benton Harbor, MI 49022: order for postage or UPS and handling. hoses w/ angle cock 2-93 Cab interior sunshades $2.00/4 RMJ 72 RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 Santa Fe 45 is a Phase II F7 built in October 1952 and has a 48i D/B fan, Farr-Air vertical slit griffs and vertical louvers.

PHOTO 4 EMD F3A Modified 10/12/ Fifteen year old SF 33 is a F3 Phase IV built in late 1948 overlapping the start of F7 production. The dynamic brake slots on the roof are the only visible F3 difference rnmln;m>iI to an F7is 36i D/B fan.

RAILMODEL)OURNAL . APRIL 1999 73 [UPGRADE]------

By Bill Pearce Model photos by Robert Schleicher on Bill and Wa yne Reid's Cumberland Va lley layout

accomplished prototype modelers of Going Through A Phase Santa Fe diesels. along with Dave Hussey. Brenda Bailey, and Steve Priest. Carter began with an Athearn hell and These fine modelers have chosen HO mechanism, and added some really scale, and are blessed with an almost lim­ exquisite details, including Cannon thin­ itless variety of detail parts, hanging in wall cabs and Overland see-through fans. little plastic bags, right on the hobby Since I already had a Kato GP50, this shop wall. I, on the other hand, have would be my starting place. I carefully selected N scale, what someone once examined the two phases and found that referred to as being like home watch­ Kato selected phase one for production. making. I would select one of the two Since the Phase 2 units has the angled locomotives modeled by Carter as a part blower housing, and no one makes an of my ongoing program of self abuse. appropriate detail part, my choice was When the Santa Fe fi rst received made for me. delivery of EMD's GP50, thirty Phase I r didn't build these models with a con­ unjts in early 1981. they were inexplica­ struction article in mind, so I didn't take bly assigned to unit coal and grain trains. progress photos, or keep a bill of materi­ ost of my modeling is A few years later. it was realized that als. When "The Journal" editor Bob tightly focused to­ they were ideally suited to intermodal Schleicher saw the model in Chicago, at

wards the needs of my Cajon Pass layout, service. where their high speed abilities the 1997 Prototype Modelers Meet, he set in the last week of October, 1966. were best used. In 1985, another 15 units twisted my arm for an article, and he Occasionally. though. 1 depart from that were purchased, by then Phase 2. took the fine color photos on the Reid tight fOCllS, and take on a personal mod­ In 1987, the rajIroad began an upgrad ing brothers' incomparable layout. After I eling challenge. My skills as a modeler program that real ly cluttered the exterior returned from the trip. I shot the accom­ are enhanced by this, and the chaUenge is appem'ance of the units. These were the panying black and white views. I'll rewarding. Frequently, these challenges units that Carter chose to model. His describe the details, and their applica­ take the form of Southern Pacific diesels. models were to be contest entries. so no tion. For detruled locomotive construc­ because of their distinctive appearance. detail was spared. I chose the same end, tion photos, refer to past articles in "The Recently I gave myself two different and I'll repeat Carter's advice that opera­ Journal."Calte r's article in MR will also challenges, one from the UP, and this tors should omit some of the smaller help with details and th eir placement. from the Santa Fe. WhenI picked up the details, as they are often victim to han­ I began with a factory decorated July. 1996 issue of Model Railroader. I dling. My model has been on quite a few model because that's what I had. I've was excited to see a diesel modeling arti­ trips across the West and Midwest, and a begun complex models with undecorated cle by Carter Osborne. I have long con­ close exami nation of the photos will shells, and with factory painted models. sidered Carter to be one of the most reveal some damage. and there's something to be said for each. 74 RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 Since the Kato model is long out of pro­ duction, you'll probably end up stripping a body shell.

Modeling the GP50 in N Scale

First, disassemble tbe model. Unlike newer models, the battery boxes are sep­ arate pieces, so be careful not to loose tbem. Disassemble the trucks, as modifi­ cations will be made to the sideframes. Place the mechanical components and the window inserts in the box, and set aside. Obtain a Micro-Trains pilot con­ version and install to their instructions. Set the coupler asjcle for later installa­ tion.

I modified the fuel tank assembly to get more detail, and give a better appear­ will be added later. Add the wire that cut lever. First, add the plow, using ,mce in the side view. I removed all the simulates the conduit to the small anten­ cyanoacrylate cement (ACC). Then, molded air tank and fi ller details. This na now. Set tbe cab aside for painting. attach the air hoses, threading them means that the remaining tank will need through the holes in the plow. Form the to be glued in place, but I think the Open Cab Doors in N Scale cut lever from fi ne wire, and affix above results are worth it. T replaced the fi ner the air hoses with ACC. Drill boles for and vent details with bits of wire, and If you examine tbe photos, you'll the MU cables, and glue in place. Add affixed a Sumise air tank under the walk notice that I modeled the unit with the the ditch ligbt castings above the anti­ way. front door open. I cut a door from a spare climber, but don't install the lenses yet. There is a molded on brake cylinder cab in my junk box, using a fine fi le to The rear pilot is slightly diffe rent on the truck sideframes. Remove this and carefully remove just the right amount of from the front. There is, of course, no replace with a Sunrise white metal part. plastic. Then, using dtills, a hobby knife, plow, so the hoses are retained by two U­ On the engineers side of the forward and files, I removed the door from the shaped brackets. Form these out of fine truck. add a Sunrise spare knuckle. Form cab. If you don't have a spare cab, you wire. Add the air hoses and cut lever just sand lines from fine wire, and attach to might try carefully masking and painting like the front. the MU cables are mount­ the sideframe. Set tbe sideframes aside a piece of clear styrene cnt to door size. ed above the allticlimber, unlike the for painting. This will give a scale thickness door, but front. Use the ditch light castings like Add Gold Medal Models sunshades you will loose the handle, hinge, and those on the front for the sockets. to the sides of the cab above the win­ window gasket details. This is an option­ Remove the pins fr0111 the cable casting, dows. Add a Detail Associates vapor air al feature, of course. and ACC to the ditch light castings where conditioning unit to the top of the cab. the lenses would go. Use a section of brass U channel for the Detailing the Wa lkways and Fine wire handrails and brass stan­ stand for the small antenna, or form one Chassis chions can really make a differenoe in from brass shim stock. Fill the factory appearance, even in our smal l scale. horn mounting holes. File the beadlight The sidesill/walkway assembly is Installation isn't really difficult, just a bit area smooth, and attach a Sunrise cover next. Your first job is to decide if you tedious. Ta ke your time, and they'll look plate. Air and antenna lines are atop the want the appearance of brass stanchions great! Refer to the instructions that come unit. These are simulated with fine wire and handrails. If so, remove the cast on with the GMM stanchions, and my arti­ and N Scale of Nevada EMD lift rings versions, and drill holes for the Gold cle in tbe February 1.996 Issue of "The (These are noticeabl), smaller than the Medal Models stanchions now. Journal" on how to install the GMM Gold Medal Models lift rings). Drill The pilot has lots of distinctive detail. stanchions and wire handrails. The chain number 80 holes and attach the .lift rings. J added a plow, air hoses, MU cable, and above the drop steps is double-etched The wire for the horn and large antenna ditch lights from sunrise, with a fine wire brass from Athabasca Scale Models . RAILMODELjOURNAL . APRIL 1999 75 N SeAL After the paint is dry, add decals. There are a multiplicity of labels, warnings, and placards 011 the prototype, and almost all of these can be duplicated with decals. I used the photos of Carter's model for reference, but prototype photos would be better. Note the little black circles on the end of the long hood, where the unused class lights are. When all decals are added, protect them with Testors DullCote.

Flush-Glazed Windows in N Scale

Let's have fun with windows next. In N sc ale, we miss flush glazing. Kato has done well with their passenger cars and the new Dash-9's, but the windows in the older models are notice­ ably inset. This can be corrected. First, separate each window fro m the casting. Then, fi le away enough of the surrounding plastic so the window will ti t deeper into the hole, until it is flush with the outside. Use a Sharpie marker to color the gas­ kets, and inselt the windows. Use Microscale's Crystal Clear to hold them in place. Add GMM windshield wipers front and rear. Reassemble the locomotive. After the cab is on the long hood, add it and the battery boxes to the walkway/sill/frame, after reattaching the drive train, contact plates, and trucks. 1 nstall the Micro-Trains couplers now. Carefully glue the open door in place. No, I baven't forgotten the air tine and conduit on the roof. Since these lines cross the break between the cab and hood assemblies, they have to wait until the shell is assembled. Add them now, using fine brass wire. Start with the conduit to the large antenna. If you haven't already, drill a hole in the cab roof. Form a 90 degree bend in the end that goes in the cab roof. Feed the wire through the lift rings, and cut to length. 1 just let the You're more than halfway through! Pick up the hood assem­ end run wild LInder the antenna plate. Finally, carefully insert bly. First, do the usual: remove the cast-on grabs and lift rings, the end in the hole. Next, examine the location for the air line. and replace with lift rings from GMM, and grabs from GMM There are several right angle bends, three at the cab end, and or formed fine wire. Add antenna cable and air line supports, N two at the horn end. Insert a straight piece of wire through the holes that line up. Make tbe bends at the hornend. You will now Scale of Nevada ElVIDlif t rings. Add a Sunrise nat plate anten­ na. Use a hobby knife to prepare a hole in the nose for the new need to remove the last two lift rings, just like me. Make the headlight, and inset a Sunrise headlight casting. Use a fine file two bends in the wire, ,md place tbe rings on it, and reinseLt to smooth off the small dimple that represents the class light them in their appropriate holes. Cut the end so it tines up with lells. front and rear. The remaining raised portion will represent the hole for the horn. Install the Horn with thin ACC on the new the cover plates. Don't forget to fill the rear number boards. mounting wire. Make the bends at the cab end, and cut the wire The horn is made in my usual manner. The mounting pins to length. Insert the end in the hole at the approximate original are removed from the stock horn, and a hole is drilled to receive horn location. Paint the wires with a finebrush, yellow and blue a piece of piano wire to make the new mounting. Drill a hole in as appropriate. the appropriate place. add the wire, and set the hom aside for Paint the front numberboards with a good gloss black enam­ later installation. el, and add the road number decals. Using a fine brush, protect with a gloss finish. Don't forget to paint the edges of the steps Painting, Decaling and Weathering yellow. Modelers who wish to replace the Kato mechanism with an The details are nearly done, now it's time to paint. Start from modified Atlas GP40 mechanism will have a great deal more sCLatch if you have an undecorated body, or patch the factory ease in painting and weathering than those who use the stock pamt.: Carter and I use Accupaint. It's a little hard to get, but GP50, since the powered chassis is a part of the shell assembly. �ives a thin coating. This means that surface preparation is very I was forced to weather last, so I used mainly chalks and dry­ Important. Carter used BAR blue, instead of AT SF blue. The brushing, to avoid overspray on tbe glazing. I generally fo l­ lowed Carter's plan, including rust where flag decals and class subject of scale effect is commonJy known in military model­ ing, but needs to be discussed in the rail mode.ling community. lights had been removed. I also brushed the coupler with a bit To accurately duplicate the appearance of a model, the paint of rust, since it was only a display model. I also added soot on color should be lighter than in the real wo rld. The smaller the the roof, and rust 011 the sideframes, scale, the lighter the paint. Some military modelers have fo r­ as well as a bit of spilled fuel on the tank sides. The MU cable is reel, with silver connectors. One bezel, mulas where drops of white are added, proportioned to scale. ditch 1 ight has a red Factory ATSF blue looks too dark in N scale, almost black in all the other silver. Last, I inserted MV lenses in the headlight ,md the ditch lights. RMJ but the brightest light. I've used the BAR blue, and it is lighter, and looks a lot better, but I think adding white to AT SF blue will someday be the standard.

76 RAILMODEL)OURNAL ' APRIL 1999 ------[WHAT'S NEW... IN N]------

Wheels ofTime, P.O. Box 846, Mountain View, CA 94042-0846 is now shipping cast-resin kits to build the heavyweight Harriman-style Southern Pacific (shown), UP and IC baggage/mail cars for $49.95 with decals and Micro-Trains trucks and couplers for $49.99. Baggage, 60-foot RPO, and baggage-express cars are also available. Send a stamped, self-addressed envelope for their price list.

Bachmann is producing a new series of injection­ molded plastic buildings including this passen­ ger station. See your dealer.

Walthers is offering this 6O-foot pulpwood car in a choice of seven road names. The car has a die­ cast metal body and is ready-to-run for $8.98 each or $26.98 for a three-pack.

GHQ, 28100 Woodside Rd., Shorewood, MN 55331 has a farm equipment series that includes cast-metal kits to build John Deere and Fa rmall tractors, trailers, a Grain Harvester and combine. Send a stamped, self-addressed envelope for more information. RAILMODELjOURNAL . MAY 1999 77 ------[ CALENDAR] ------18-24. Publisher: Larry Bell Railroad Prototype July NMRA National Editor: Robert Schleicher Modelers Meet Convention, River Center, Saint Paul, Copy Editor: Brian Bevilt Minnesota. Contact: North Star '99 Regular Contributors: April 17. Railway Modelers 9th Registration, PO Box 18394, West Saint Louis A. Marre, Diesels Annual To ronto Area Meet, Anglican Paul, MN 55 118-0394 Jim Eager. Sixties-era Modeling D. Scott Chatfield. Modern Modeling Church of St. James-Humber Bay, 194 19-22. Brian Kreimendahl. !ntennodal Modeling Park Lawn, To ronto, Ontario, Canada, July N Scale Convention run­ To dd Sullivan, (c. 1960- 1 969) Modeling ning concurrently with the NMRA (10 AM to 5 PM. Contact: Ed Barry, A55 John Nehrich, (c. 1945- 1959) Modeli ng National Convention in Saint Paul, Hay Ave., Etobicoke M8Z I G2, Canada. Richard Hendrickson, Minnesota. Contact: Twi-N-Rai ls '99, Modeling (c. 1940- 1949 ) 1281 North Dale St., St. Pau l, MN 55 117 To m Hood, Canadian Modeling May 12-16 Rai Iroad Prototype Guy Thrams, Model Locomotives Modelers Meet in Conjunction with the Doug Gurin (Layout Desi.gn SIG). July 22-25. S Gaugers National Layom Design NMRA Pacific Coast Region Annual Convention, concurrent with the NMRA Rick Brendel, Electronics Convention, Convention Center, Ukiah, National Convention (but a different Graphic Director: Stuart Swineford Art Department : Auggie Ve lasquez California. site), Best Western Kelley Inn, 161 St. Circulation DiI'ector: Sherri Simpson Anthony, St. Paul, Minnesota. Phone: (303) 296- 1 600 July 17-24. Railroad Prototype Fax: (303) 295-2 159 Modelers meet in conjunction with the Contributions: Mail to 2403 Champa St., NMRA National Convention, Saint Paul, NMRA National Conventions Denver. CO 80205. All material must be accom­ panied by return postage. We assume no liabili­ Minnesota. July 30-August 2000. San Jose, CA. ty or responsibility for loss or damage to mater­ 6, iaL Any material accepted is subject to such October 29-31. Sixth Annual Summer 2001. Saint Louis, MO. revision as is necessary in our sole discretion to meet the requirements of the publication. Prototype Modelers Seminar, Naperville, Summer 2002. Fort Lauderdale, FL. 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Rails '99 Readers: National Convention Note that the procedures and materi­ 1999 Convention, 15440-99A Avenue, Surrey, als contained in the various articles in this mag­ azine are presented in good fa ith but that no April 23-25. NMRA Mid-Eastern BC V3R 9HR, Canada. waJTanty is given and no results guaranteed Region Convention, Holiday Inn Select, from any use of this material. Nor is any free­ 26-28. Lynchburg, Virginia. Contact: Linda August Pennsylvania Rail­ dom from other patent or copyright implied. road Technical and Historical Society Since there is no way fo r liS to conu'ol the appli­ Sanders, P. O. Box 113 13, Lynchburg, VA cation material presented in this magazine, Annual Convention, Altoona, Pennsyl­ of 24506- 1313. Golden Bell Press and the respective editors, vania. authors, photographers and illustrators disclaim any liability for untoward results and/or for any May 12-16. NMRA Pacific Coast physical injury that may be incurred by using August 5-9. Santa Fe Railway Regional Annual Convention, Conven­ any of tJ1C material published in this magazine. Historical & Modeling Society Annual Advertising Director: D. Scott Chatfield tion Center, Ukiah, California. 2403 ChaJllpa St.. Denver, CO 80205 Convention, Denver, Colorado. Te lephone: (770) 435-5660 Fax: (770) 435.5056 June 10-13. NMRA Rocky Mountain February 12-14. ACL & SAL E-Mail: [email protected] Region 50th Anniversary Convention, Railroads Historical Society Annual Advertising Policy: Railmodel Journal will accept advertising only from manufaclurers, Merchandise Mart, Denver, Colorado, Convention, Orange Park Holiday Inn, authorized direct impOIters, publishers and Contact: Rich Coleman (303) 480-923 1. 150 Park Ave., Orange Park, Florida. distributors for their products. No dealer or discount mail order advertising-no discount ads of any type-will be accepted. Publisher reserves the right to rej ect copy, text andlor illustrations or complete ads.

RAfLMODEL JOURNAL is published 12 times a year by Golden Bell Press. 2403 Champa Sl.. Denver, CO 80205. Price per single copy is Errata $4.50 newsstand: $4.95 offi ce, or $28.00 per year We arc working improve "The ournal" in both its in the U.S.A. Individual copy prices higher in \0 J rection is sufficient und that's what you can expect to appe ran e and in avoiding e ors . As always. we encour­ see in this area of the magazine. Canada and other countries. Foreign subscrip­ a c rr age ou comments on the Illugazinc. Also \"'e consider We allowed one of the wo �t mis ossi e tions $36.00 for 12 issues, payable in U.S. funds. y r r take, p bl to nearly an ongoing series. never in the Fe uary issue when the leXl RAILMODEL JOURNAL, ISSN 1043-544 1, every article to be parI of occur br 1999 from the "last word" on the subject. We real ly hope to e eive o the a ticle was reprinted and corr t text copyright by Golden Bell Press. All rights r c tJlree f r s the ec 1999 corrections, ad i ons and updat our readers. deleted. We reprinted the i sing text in he reserved. Periodicals Postage paid at Denver. d ti es from m s t March Most often, these will be ncorpormcci into a of issue but, to make the articles as clear as they CO. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to i " Part II" 1999 the original .micie. Sometimes. however, a simple COf- should be. we wanted to reprint the articles. Yo u'll find Railmodel Journal. 2403 Champa St .. O nver. ';; Ihem on pages and 74 of this CO 80205 . 13. 69 issue.

78 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 o New Subscriber o Enter my subscription to "The Journal" Now! o Renewal

12 $28.00 (foreign $36.00 in U.S. Funds) o One Ye ar issues @ $69.00 U.S. OTwo Years 24 issues @ $54.00 (foreign in Funds) $101 .00 U.S. OThree Years 36 issues @ $77.00 (foreign in Funds)

BOOK ORDER - Please send me the following books: Freight _ Upgrading Athearn Locomotives @ $9.95 Car Models, Vol. I -Techniques @ $11.95

_ Freight Car Models, Vol. Box Cars, Book _The Journal of N Scale Modeling @ $11.95 11 - 1 @ $11.95 _ Freight Car Models, Vo l. Covered Hoppers, Book _ HO Scale Model Railroad Layouts of the Masters @ $11.95 11/ - 1 @ $11.95

All books are postpaid. Foreign Book Orders: Add $2.00 each. All payments must be in U.S. funds. I I ______Is this a gift subscription? FROM: ______PLEASE PRINT I

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�----______c______- - - -- _,.... . �.___ _,� .IO_'_ __,______RAILMODELJOURNAL . APRIL 1999 79 ------[WHA T'S NEW... IN HO ]------_

The Walthers 89-foot "wide body" (enclosed) Thrall tri-Ievel auto rack on a Bethlehem flush­ deck flat cars. The kits will be $19.98 in a choice of ATSF, Up, CNW, BN, CSX, BNSF,Conrail or NS paint and markings.

Key Imports is now delivering the Santa Fe's gas electric in Warbonnet, and Pullman green paint with the zebra-striped or orange-and-red nose paint schemes.

Funero and Camerlengo, RD #3, Box 2800, Honesdale, PA 18431 is offering cast-resin kits to duplicate the Erie 40-foot steel milk reefers. The model is also available with decals to match the similar cars operated by the B&M. The kit is $24.99 with either Erie or B&M decals less trucks and couplers.

Sunshine Models, Box 4997, Springfield, MO 65808-4997 is now shipping cast-resin kits to duplicate the 50-foot wood milk reefers. The kits are $34.00 with your choice of URTX, White Brothers, Borden's, Whiting, Sheffield Fa rms, Dairyman's League, H. P. Hood & Sons or United Fa rmers of New Yo rk. The kits are also available with the standard express reefers decals as they appeared in later years for $32.00. The kits are less trucks and couplers. Commonwealth trucks with metal wheelsets are $6.00 a pair. Add $4.00 for shipping and handling.

Northeastern Scale Models, 99 Cross St., Methuen, MA 01844 is producing laser-cut wood kits to build the "San Jose" freight station. The kit is $21.95.

80 RAILMODELJOURNAL . MAY 1999 [WHAT'S NEW... IN HO]------

Overland Models is importing this brass ready­ to-run replica of the EMD SD40-2 as rebuilt by Helm Locomotive Leasing. The model is fully painted and lettered. See your dealer.

The "Assembly Plant" (foreground) at $79.98, is one of this series of auto parts industry structures in the new Walthers "America's Driving Fo rce" series of structures, freight cars and vehicles.

Rutland Car Shops, P.O. Box 64947, Rutland, VT 05406-4947 is shipping cast-resin kits to build a replica of the Rutland's flanger Xl11.The kits include Grandt Line details, etched-brass win­ dow frames, MDC Fox-style trucks and Kadee number 5 couplers for $48.00 plus $4.00 ship­ ping and handling.

RAILMODELjOURNAL . MAY 1999 81 ------WHAT'S NEW... IN HO [ ]------

Miracle Castings, Inc., P.O. Box 3, Brantford, Ontario N3T 5M3, Canada is offering cast-resin Baldwin six-axle sharknose diesels with a cast­ resin chassis as both A and B units. The chassis accepts an Athearn PA motor and trucks. Send a stamped, self-addressed envelope for more information or see their website at http://mc.cyklone.com/

Ertl's combine has removable wheels and rake so it can be used to dupli­ cate a flat car load or as a static display model.

Walthers is shipping this injection-molded plastic kit to build the "Aunt Lacy's House" in their new "Cornerstone Gold Ribbon" series. The windows have fine mullions molded on clear glazing. The kit is $29.98.

Grandt Line is producing injection-molded plastic kits to build this "Corrugated Iron Warehouse" like those seen at oil depots. Grandt Line will also offer loading facilities and tanks to complete an oil depot. The April, Midwest is offering a pre-cut basswood kit to build this cattle pen. See your May, June and July 1996 and January 1997 issues of "The Journal" includ­ dealer. ed articles on modeling and prototype oil depots.

Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad Preser­ vation & Historical Society, P.O. Box 224, Spring Grove, PA 17362 is offering painted and lettered Red Caboose models of the 40-foot X-29 box cars with Ma & Pa paint and lettering. The kits are $15.00 each with trucks and magnetic cou­ plers plus $3.00 shipping and handling.

82 RAILMODELjOURNAL . MAY 1999 ••• IN N ] WHAT'S NEW ------______[

Overland Models is importing fully painted and lettered replicas of the Union Pacific three-unit series 1-10 gas turbine locomotives. See your dealer.

American Limited Models, P.O. Box 7803, Fremont, CA 94537-7803 is producing four­ wheel Commonwealth Streamline passenger trucks for $4.95 a pair. They also offer core kits to fit American Model Builders laser-cut sides.

MDClRoundhouse is offering 36-foot truss-rod underframe stock car kits in a variety of road names. The models include trucks and couplers.

Kato's two-bay ACF covered hopper is sold in boxes of two ready-to run cars with both Rapido-style and dummy knuckle couplers.

Fine N Scale, 4202 Blue Heron Circle, Anacortes, WA 98221 is now ship­ ping cast-resin kits with etched-metal walkways and handrails to build a set of smooth-side, five-car intermodal well cars for $499.95 less trucks and couplers.

RAILMODELjOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 83 Your "0" SCALE Headquarters for ...

• P&D A & B F-units in Kit and Ready-To-Run Form

• Power and Re-Power Motor Kits for Atlas, P&D, Weaver and Red Caboose locomotives

• Brass and Plastic Detail Parts and Interior Kits for Atlas and P&D F-units, Weaver FAs and RS-3s

• P&D Exclusive Custom-Painted Weaver and InterMountain Rolling Stock

• Structure Kits by Gloorcraft, Suncoast, Berkshire Va lley, DPM

Please Tell our Advertisers

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Now Available !! Flush Fitting Windows for Athearn Geeps, 50s A -LINE and U-Boats SEND LSSAE FOR INFO $2.00 EA PLUS 50 CENTS P/H ($1.00 CON) ORDERSI OF 5 OR MORE POSTAGE PAID DEALER INQUIRES WELCOME

40 Styles Fit 58 Different Locomotives and Cabooses Windows for Rail Power, Athearn, M.D.C., Stewart and Bowser. ....AND NOW BILLBOARDS! Featuri"g '!Moder" era' billboards for your layout.... we'li eve" custo!Mize the!Mwith your "a!Me,add ress, etc. Prmted on photo-quahty pO-por With easy 10 use peel n'slIck backlllg Fits all Walther's Roadside Billboards. 'B!m8 'Satisfaction Guaranteed" PRODUCTIONS Send LSASE for Info PO Box 25224 Dealer Inquires Welcome Rochester, NY 14625 e-ma\\ W\[email protected] 84 RAILMODEL JOURNAL · APRIL 1999 SINGLE DOOR BOXCARS INITIAL ROADNAMES

1002 ERIE BOXCAR RED, BLACK ENDS & ROOF WHITE LETTERING BALTIMORE OHIO 1013 & BOXCAR REO, WHITE LETTERING

GULF MOBILE OHIO 1014 & BOXCAR RED, WHITE LETTERING

Pre-production sample 1015 MAINE CENTRAL • 3 types of sill types of roofs PINE GREEN, YELLOW LETTERING • 3 • Reasonably priced • Separate grabs & details 1020 GENERAL-AMERICAN(GAEX) • All new tooling • Metal wheels DARK GREEN, YELLOW LETTERING • 4 types of ends • Accurate paint and lettering. 1021 ROCK ISLAND BOXCAR RED, WHITE LETTERING BRANCHLINE TRAINS NORTHERN PACIFIC (GREEN) 1027 ADIVISION OF HOBBY STORES DISTRIBUTING, INC. EAST HARTFORD CT. DARK GREEN, WHITE & YELLOW LETTERING FOR A DEALER NEAR YOU CALL � OR SEE OUR WEB-SITE: www.branchline-trains.com

GENTLEMEN, START YOUR ENGINES! In troducing th e N ScaJe GP20 II' you wanL power, Lllis Cccp has iL! Pamous 1'01' iLs Lli l'bochal'gel', EMirs CP20 was Lhe FiI'SL standard pl'Oduclion modcl equipped La hancllc I'aill'oaels' dcmand 1'01' mol'c 110I'SepOIVCI'-a nci sc vCl'sion is no exceplion. pOlI'crfu l. smooL lH'u nning PCl'rol'mance at accurate The first release of L11is N a l e lis the GP20 is available scale speeds is due to a rlynamically-balanced. five pole skcw-wouncl motor ancl dual in three road numbers rlywhccls. I\nfl, like OUI' highly pl'aiscd for Atchison, To peka SW9, this Ceep is dcsigneel with a splil metal and Santa Fe and New chassis and all-whcel elccLl'ical pick-up. This top-notch performance is only York Central; two road numbers for I'ivalcfl by thc cxtcl'iol' cictail. Burlington Northern This auLhenlic repl and Southern Pacific ica sports I'oael-specific options EMD maclc availablc and undecorated. It's such as dynamic bl'ilkes ancl 3 val'ielies or 1'00rtop ra ns. only available 1'0 1' a limited limc. so I'CV your engines and gct to your hobby dealer to geL Ulis engine'

©1999 I .ifc·l.ikc ProdllclS. Inl'.. IGOO I'liion Arc .. 1l"lIiIllOI� �ID 21211 • In C,m"cl,,: 1 ·10 .Ipplcllood Crcscent. COIiCOlll. Onlario IrIK·IE:2 \'isit OUI' Wehsilc: \\'\\'\\'. Iirclik('prorltlcls.com

RAILMODEL JOURNAL · APRIL 1999 85 FIRST IN MODEL RAILROAD ERS' READERS ' CHOICE A WA RD IN HO SCALE ROLLING STOCK AND THIRD IN PRODUCT OF THE YEAR!

40FT PSI 6FT & 8FT DOORS Item# Item# ItC.m# Road Name Price Road Nllme Price Road Name Price 4000 UNDECORATED $24.65 40 16 GBW #799 $29.95 4027 LS&T #2236 528.95 NorthWest Short Line-providing you with 4002 ACY #750 $28.95 40 18 AT SF#31698 $29.95 4028 LS&I #224 1 $28.95 4004 0&1-1#[91 14 $28.95 40 [9 LSBC # 170685 the tools that make fine modeling $28.95 4029 C&EI #65596 $27.95 possible! 4005 CGW #5200 $27.95 4020 RI #2 II 10 $29.95 4030 C&EI #65593 $27.95 4006 CP #269 142 $27.95 402 1 MNS #1835 $28.95 403 1 C&EI #65569 $27.95 Precision Hobby 4007 NYC #170699 $27.95 4022 CGW #5 106 $28.95 5000 UNDECORATED $24.65 4010 0&1-1 #18570 $27.95 4023 CP 11269 142 $28.45 5001 N&W #44324 $27.95 40 13 MONON #843 $28.95 4024 NYS&W #4 18 $29.95 5002 VGN #63226 $28.95 Tools For Today's 40 14 MONON #741 $27.95 4025 MPA #3 [ 65 $27.95 5003 LS&I #24 [3 $28.95 40 15 ATSF#3 1440 $29.95 4026 LS&1 #2266 $28.95 5004 N&W #44025 $27.95 Modelers KadeecQuality Products Co • 673 Avenue C, ' White City, OR 97503-1078 U.S.A. ' Tel: (541)826-3883 ' Fax:(541) 826-401 3'h HpihWlW.kad.. .com

E -R Models FP -7 in HO Scale • NMRA Conformance Warrant 98-23 • DCC Ready · 5-pole skew wound can motor

NorthWest • Flywheel · Limited run • New paint schemes · $99.95 Short Line provides you with the Two roadnumbers: Stock #57-4 prec ision tools you need to 4002 & -1 SOO Line $29.95 produce award-wi nning results. 4006 & -1 Reading Whether you scratch or kit build, 4007 & -1 Pennsylvania add detail or re-power, work with metal, wood or 4009 & -1 SP plastic, NWSL has tools to make your work easier & Rock Island and more accurate. 4010 -1 4011 &-1 CP Gear A[ignment Tools, Wheel Quarterer, Wheel and & Milwaukee Rd Gear Pullers, Metal Bender, The Chopper and The 4012 -1 Chopper lit, The SensiPress+, The Riveter+, The DupliCutter, The True Sander, Metric Taps, Drills, Send SASE fo r II/Ore Dies, Nuts and Screws (bright, blackened, and nylon). information

Our 80+ page catalog packed with information about NWSl's 1000 South Main Street · Newark, NY 14513 hobby tools, models, wheels, gears and gearboxes, power drive E-R Model Importers, Ltd. units, Sagami micro motors, hardware and books is available for 800-365-3876 ·31 5-331 -0288 · FAX 315-331 -4090 S8.00 including postage in the U.S. and Canada, $10.00 U.S. outside North America. Call to order with credit card or send a check to order today.

BOX 423 ;.--_. __ • q SEATTLE, WA 98111-0423 Iwf;;,=W"MI206/932-1087 ' FAX 206/935-7106 email: [email protected] · Visit our Website at nwsl.com SEE YOUR DEALER FOR NWSL, bringingyou products tomake your RAILMODEL JOURNAL BOOKS modeling more accurate, easier - andjust plain fun. TUNING UPGRADING AT HEARN LOCOMOTIVES "Building a Complete Roadbed System" • & 0 N HOn3 HO S Tin-Plate • FREIGHT CAR MODELS, VOL. TECHNIQUES New 60° bevel roadbed 1,

Suggested Retail Price • FREIGHT CAR MODELS, VOL. II, Box CARS N 64' Mixed Box 45° Bevel $22.99 1-10 80' 45° $39.99 Mixed Box Bevel • THE JOURNAL OF N SCALE MODELING Add $4.00 more for 60c Bevel, either scale • COVERED HOPPERS - BOOK ONE Add $6.00 S&H. CA Res. add 8.25% tax Send$3.00 for 16" samples ancl information • LAYOUTS OF THE MASTERS

HomaBed 80 I Chesley Ave. Richmond, CA 94801-2 1 35

86 RAILMODELJOURNAL ' APRIL 1999 AT YOUR DEALER THIS APRIL Wa tch fo r more new releases next month! WA LTHERS Wwu'.ItJllltbers.rom

Distribution Facility Use as a sland-alone racility or ilt the Assembly Plant. 933-3076, $49.98

Ready-to-run, Thrall 89' Tri-Level Auto Carrier Available in AT SF, UP, C&NW, BN, CSX, BNSF, NS, CR, Undec. Working knuckle couplers, knockoul painl schemes! 932-4850 series singles 519.98 ea 932-24850 series 2-packs, $37.98 ea

Inc. . all/I o/Jur aucuoritJ Sllur/uTi and diorama '01999 Wm. K. 11'011I1rrs. Prt_"rOtluc/ioll tllodtlJ Jhown:Jolnt llttailJ maYlltll)·. Colou Joldjiparatt ly. photo blJ.u K(ll /'alf"J(JIl.

Andrews Trucks with Andrews Trucks with Short Extension Couplers Low Profile Wheels and Low Profile Wheels I ntroducing the latest additions to our popular series of prototypically accurate trucks with low profile wheels!

111 051-1 Andrews Trucks with low 111 052-1 Andrews Trucks with short ext. couplers profile wheels ...$3.00 pro and low profile wheels ... $4.55 pr. Also available with low profile wheels: Bettendorf Trucks with Low Archbar Trucks with Low Roller Bearing Trucks with Barber® Roller Bearing Trucks Profile Wheels Profile Wheels Low Profile Wheels with Low Profile Wheels

111004 ...$3.00 pro #1 005 ...$3.00 pr. 111006 ...$3.00 pro #1009 ...$3.00 pro

Available through your local Authorized Micro-Trains"! Dealer! © 1999 Micro-Trains® Line Co. 351 Rogue River Parkway · P.O. Box 1200 • Talent, Oregon 97540-1 200 USA �SCAL"'''' Phone: (541 ) 535-1 755 • Fax: (541 ) 535-1 932

• " _ _ LIN E Email: mt/@micro-trains.com Visit our website at: http://www.micro-trains.com 'j{jJfE! ,'!!�Yl.GA

RA ILMODEL JOURNAL · APRIL 1999 87 Radio Controlled Throttle Not Command Control No Locomotive Conversion o lockout against accidental reverse Catch Of The Dar o automatic overload/short circuit protections SCALECOAT o filtered DC output - safe for LGBTM o adjustable acceleration & braking SIMULTANEOUS multiple ­ PAINT system capabilities o 6 frequencies o multi channel per frequency o 2, 4 & 6 amp cap. o momentum o 100+ ft. range o SSAE for details g a __Sroy 2 oz. BOffles OR 60tansZ·0�

1l!:emOlee ontrol Sysle ms o/'Jllin ois 0 Don'f Tr usf Yo ur "TROPHY" Cafch To Anyone Else! 1861 J Ridge Dr. Freeport, IL 61032 SCAlECOAT MODEl PAINT PO Box 231 Northumberland, PA 17857 Phone: 570-473-9434 Fax: 570-473-3293 www.weavermodels.com - e-mail: [email protected] @.999weaver ModetS.Northumbetland. PA

r------� Phone 1-570·168·2379. MOIl - FIl 900AM to5 00 PM I E

GD&R on With E-B Products (fo rmerly Stay Track Lindsay Instrumel1ls) H.O. Scale Freight Car Tr ucks MODEL RAILROAD Standard or Non-Magnetic ELECTRONICS Black or Colored HO & N SCALE Throttles - Power Packs, Power *NEW Pre-Weathered Tr ucks* Supplies - Detectors Computer Programs NTRAK Supplies Fully Assembled RP-25 Wheels · Fully Sprung AMX Cards We lcome R.T.R. • Call for FREE Catalog B,,,,odod . Aod"w, N"ioo,1 Timk" • (Or"... Dealer Inquiries We lcome Non-Shorting Precision Made ....J, o • ,�, � 'l,- 800 359-6701 ..... d �' �u e .(�1: �\.' �'" CDt .m GD &R Ma in U. S.A. /(" " \1"" Send large self-addressed stamped envelope for price lists & selection to: 378 Taylor Ford Road Crown lane, Glenview, Columbia, Kentucky 42725 • E-B Products 1522 IL 60025-1261 88 RAILMODEL JOURNAL · APRIL 1999 Don't drop that screw! HOLD IT WITH A NON·MAGNETIC HJJ� MODEL X SCREW·nu'Lurn'u.... DRIVER for Types IA & II cross recess screws, and small diameter slotted screws. No. 3X and No. 3EX DRIVERS­ ·3··. 6". 8··. 10·· lenglhs. lor #6. #8, #10, #12. #1/4" screws.

No. 4X and No. 4EX DRIVERS- 3', 6", 8" lengths. lor #3, #4, #5 screws.

NO. 5X AND NO. 5XE DRIVERS-3", 6",8" lengths, lor #0, #1, #2 screws.

P.O. BOX 60833 Boulder City,NV 89006 Phone (702) 293-2588 FAX (702) 293-4224

hllp:J/www.bighoml.com\hli Paasche Airbrush Company Phone: 708-867-91 Fax: 708-867-9198 West Lawrence Avenue 7440 E-Mail: [email protected] Models and Photo Harwood Heights, n.. 60656-34 1 2 www_paascheairbrush_com by Caiall

ADVERTISING POLICY: Railmodel Journal will accept advertising only from manufacturers, authorized direct importers, publishers and distributors for their products. No dealer or discount mail order advertising - no discount ads of any type - will be accepted. Publisher reserves the right to reject copy, text and/or illustrations or complete ads.

UTl & UT2 The DeC ThrottlesYou Have Been Waiting For $19.991$99.99 msrp Utility Throttles For Use with Di�trax LocoNet@Systems

Keeps DCC Q & Installation Operation TM Surprisingly � .-=. TM & fj'Z7#U{ Simple Affordable Works With Big Boys, Too!

DigitraxAnnounces The First HO Scale Dee Decoder Under $20.001 DH121 $19.99 msrp And An N Scale Decoder For Under $30.00, tool DN1 47A $29.99 msrp (770) 441 -7992 FAX (770) 44 1 -0759 450 Cemetery St. #206 WEB SITE http://www.digitrax.com Norcross, GA USA 30071

RAILMODEL JOURNAL · APRIL 1999 89 Latest Release!

AMER ICAN CAR & FOUNDRY COMPANY ADVERTISERS INDEX

AMERICAN CAR 8: A-Line ...... 84 FOUNDRY COMPANY 1899�1999 Atlas ...... 90 Bachmann ...... 92 Bowser ...... 88 Branchline Trains ...... •...... •....85 CDS lettering ...... 84 a catatog send SSe postage Digitrax ...... 89 SCALE RAIL MODELS E-B Models ...... 88 P.O. Box 201 9 0 Elmhurst, IL 601 26 Email noldetail@aol .com E·R Importers ...... 86 GD&R Electronics ...... 88 �omabed ...... •.....86 �JJ (0...... 89 A Centennial History, 1899-1999. Kadee ...... 86 Company history, over 1000 builder Koto ...... 2 photos, 262 in color, and drawings See you at life-like Proto ...... _ .... 376pages 0 1261 photos 0 index 2000 85, 91 Micro-Trains ...... 87 Price: $68 Moloco ....._ ...... _ . .. _ ...... 86 Plus $3 shipping ($5 fo reign shipping). Northwest Shortline ...... 86

P&D Hobbies ...... Ca lifornia residents add $5.27 sales tax. NorthStur '99 84 Poosche Airbrush ...... 89 SIGNATUREPRESS � Remote (ontrol Systems ...... 88 Run 8 ...... •...... 84 Drawer 5B Order direcr: Green Rd, WiltOn, Scole Roil Models ...... I 1508 CA 95693 90 i Scalecoat ...... www. s gna[urepress . com . 88 Visa Mastercard orders: & 1-800-305-7942 Signature Press ...... •...... 90 DEALER INQUIRIES INVlTED JULY 17-24 Testors ...... 3 Wolters ...... ••...... 87 90 RAILMODELJO URNAL · APRIL 1999 HOBBTh e PRY OTHOO 2000RSE GP7 RE, 2n·DEFd ReleINEase D If I'a ilroacling is your hobby. then complete your layoul witll the

ultimate ra ilroacling workllorse. EMD's chisel-nose roaclswitcller was renownecl for its

versatility, ane! is prototypically at home as a frc ight hauler. passenger ciiesel. or switcher.

Back with an all-new selection or road names. the 2nci release reatu res GP7s without The second release ciynamic bl'akes. also comes complete \Villl over 1 35 factory appliecl detail parts like includes at least two It road numbers each: Atchison working cab clool's. constant ancl clirectional heacllights. and ligilled numbel' b08l'ds fOI' Topeka & Santa Fe; Baltimore & Ohio; Chicago North Western; maximum I'ealism. I\lso incluclecl al'e authentic roaelname-specific featul'es. like M.U. Florida East Coast; Great boxes. winlerization hatch. sunshaclcs. ancl clrop-steps. 1" 01' maximum tractive effort. Lile Northern; Illinois Central; Louisville & Nashville; Missouri mociel also orrers a heavy clie cast chassis, DC motor with 5 pole skew wouncl balanced PaCific; NewYork Central; Pennsylvania Railroad; armature. superrite anisoll'Opic magnets. sintereci bronze oilless beal'ings and ciual Seaboard Air Line; Chicago, machineci brass flywheels. Prccisely-mesheci worm gear anci spur teeth provicie smooth Rock Island & PacifiC, and undecorated, running ror the all-wheel drive anci electrical pick-up. The DCC-reacly GP7 is equippecl

with PROTO 2000 magnetic knucklc couplel's: X2F couplers are also supplieci.

So il' you're looking for a horse of a clinerent color. visit your

local 110bby ciealel' toclay ®

We Build 'f hem '.' he Way 'f hey Used '1'0 . ©1999 Ufc-l,ikc !'I'OIllIcIS. lnc. . IHOO L· nion .ll'c .. llallil1lol'c IIIl :11:11 1 ' In C;l1lada: I�O ·lpplc\ro(J(1 Cl'csccnl. COIICO!'Ci. Oillario L-IK�E2 Visil 11111' II'cilsilc: II'lIw. lilclikcpl'tJcltu·ISTOI1l Set construction and photography by Ken Patterson

Ready fo r something completely new in railroading? An accurate, ready-to-run set? That's built in 114" scale and goes on HO track? Putting larger trains in a smaller space is the concept behind Bachmann's three brand new On30 train sets. Offered in the Silver Series'" line, these narrow gauge sets run on HO track (per prototype!) and are accurate passenger train reproductions in 114" scale. Th is is the/irsl time J /4 " scale models are available at such an qlfordable price. Collectively, each set's locomotive, combine, coach and observation car have earned fo ur NMRA Conformance Warrants (Warrants 98-69, 98-70, 98-7 1 and 98-72, respectively). The locomotive fe atures a completely hidden drive train, see­ through clearance under the boiler, a precision 5 pole skew-wound can motor (with hardened carbon brushes), numerous metal detail parts (including the headlight mount), a finescale pilot, and sprung center axle fo r superior tracking performance and electrical pickup. In addition, the short-coupled tender fe atures a hand-tooled coal load, and the Jackson & Sharp narrow gauge passenger cars all feature removable roofs and fu ll, painted interiors with lighting. The early buzz on these sets has started us planning fo r the fu ture of On30. In 1999, look fo r new set roadnames, separate sale motive power, separate sale coaches and fo ur styles of fre ight cars. Sound exciting? Yo u bet it is. It's Ready, Set, Go fo r On30.

On30 Sillier Series® sets include a Spec/rum'" 2-6-0 stcam locomotive and tcnder, three Sp ec/I"IIIII'" passcnger cars, the snap-fit nickel silver £-Z Tr ack" system, a Sp ec/rum'" powc,· pack, and helpful YHS video with assembly instructions.

#25001 Wonderland Express #25002 Colorado & Southern #25003 Pennsylvania Bachmann Ind ustries, Inc. 1400 East Erie Ave nue Philadel hia PA Shipping Now • Suggested Retail Price: $250.00 p , _.".. ..' ...., www.bachmanntrains.com