Local Systems Practice (Lsp) Activity Local Works Macedonia | Civil Society Organizational Network Analysis (Ona)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Local Systems Practice (Lsp) Activity Local Works Macedonia | Civil Society Organizational Network Analysis (Ona) LOCAL SYSTEMS PRACTICE (LSP) ACTIVITY LOCAL WORKS MACEDONIA | CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK ANALYSIS (ONA) JUNE 2018 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by LINC LLC and local partner, the Macedonian Center for International Cooperation (MCIC). USAID Local Systems Practice June 2018 Prepared by: Craig Hempfling, LINC; Megan McDermott, LINC; Jenna White, LINC; Patrick Sommerville, LINC; Aleksandar Krzalovski, MCIC; Emina Nuredinoska, MCIC; Aleksandra Savevska, MCIC; Boris Ristovski, MCIC; Monika Bozinoska, MCIC; and Jasmina Ristovska, MCIC Front cover: Network map of Macedonian CSOs. Acknowledgements: The author(s) would like to acknowledge all of our LSP consortium partners for their input throughout the process, the valuable assistance of MCIC support staff in ensuring a thorough and timely analysis, as well as all of the organizations who took the time to participate in the Network Analysis survey. These contributions are crucial for advancing our mutual efforts towards improved local development in Macedonia. About Local Systems Practice: Local Systems Practice is a USAID-funded activity that directly assists multiple Missions, partners, and constituents to design and adaptively manage systems-based programs in complex environments. The concept has been designed to aid Missions and partners to overcome four specific challenges to effective Local Systems Practice through: a) Listening; b) Engagement; c) Discovery; and d) Adaptation. The Theory of Change underpinning the activity asserts that the application of systems tools to complex local challenges at multiple intervals throughout the program cycle will enhance the sustainability of programming, resulting in better-informed, measurable interventions that complement and reinforce the systems they seek to strengthen. The LSP team is composed of both development practitioners and research institutions to most effectively explore and implement systems thinking approaches with Missions, local partners and other local stakeholders. The activity is lead by LINC LLC with five sub-implementers: ANSER, the University of Notre Dame, AVSI, the University of Missouri, and Practical Action. For more information on LSP and additional resources, please visit: www.localsystemspractice.org For any questions or comments on the report, please contact: Megan McDermott Program Associate, LINC LLC +1 (202) 640 5462 Ext. 6 [email protected] This report is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of the award no. AID-OAA-A-16-00077. Disclaimer: The author’s views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. USAID Local Systems Practice June 2018 Table of Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Background & Objectives ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 Findings & Analysis ................................................................................................................................................ 7 Respondent Profiles ............................................................................................................................................ 7 Network Analysis ................................................................................................................................................ 8 How to Read This Report – Interpreting Network Maps .................................................................................... 9 Overall Network Analysis ................................................................................................................................... 9 Overall Network .............................................................................................................................................. 9 Sector-Based Sub-Networks & Analysis .......................................................................................................... 10 Sector 1: Civil Society Development; Media & IT ....................................................................................... 11 Sector 2: Economic, Agriculture & Sustainable Development; Professional Associations .......................... 13 Sector 3: Democracy & Rule of Law ............................................................................................................ 14 Sector 4: Humanities & Rights...................................................................................................................... 15 Sector 5: Youth, Culture & Education .......................................................................................................... 16 Sector 6: Environment & Health ................................................................................................................... 17 Organizations Excluded Due to Survey Non-Response .................................................................................... 17 Geographic Sub-Networks & Analysis ............................................................................................................. 18 Geography 1: National-Level Actors ............................................................................................................ 20 Geography 2: Regional-Level Actors ........................................................................................................... 21 Geography 3: Region-by-Region Networks .................................................................................................. 22 Local Administrations’ Relationships with Development Actors ..................................................................... 24 Local Administration Linkages with Development Actors ........................................................................... 24 Grantor-Grantee Networks ................................................................................................................................ 25 Grantor-Grantee Relationships ...................................................................................................................... 25 Recommendations Going Forward........................................................................................................................ 27 Recommendations for Local Works Program ................................................................................................... 27 Recommendations for ONA Instrument & Capacity ........................................................................................ 28 Annex 1: SurveyMonkey ONA Survey Annex 2: ONA Roster & Kumu Coding Database Annex 3: Organization Attributes - Sector and Services Provided Annex 4: Organization Attributes - Sources of Funding Annex 5: Additional Organizations Annex 5: LSP Scoping Visit Meetings USAID Local Systems Practice i June 2018 USAID/Macedonia Local Works Organizational Network Analysis Executive Summary This report presents the results of an Organizational Network Analysis (ONA) to support USAID/Macedonia’s Local Works team with insight into Macedonia’s development landscape, key development actors, and how they are networked. This exercise was conducted by USAID’s Local Systems Practice (LSP), led by LINC and supported by a Macedonian partner, Macedonian Center for International Cooperation (MCIC). Our objectives were to analyze local development actors and assess the dynamics, relationships and levels of influence between the actors; identify the most salient organizations with meaningful ties to other actors; inform Local Works strategies to strengthen local networks and build capacity to increase their effectiveness; and strengthen local capacity to track changing network dynamics over time through ongoing ONA. ONA Roster: In line with the Research Plan submitted in March 2018, this ONA included stakeholder groups from civil society, public administration, private sector, media and education sectors. Our methodology relied on numerous resources and references to compile a database of 650 unique development-oriented organizations. Through outreach to all of them via an opt-in survey, we developed a roster of 197 organizations and 34 local administrations to whom we administered online surveys; of these, 139 organizations and 25 local administrations responded. For each of the participating organizations, data was collected and is presented regarding their legal form, human resource levels, services performed, sources of funding, and network linkages with other organizations in the ONA. Sub-Network Analyses: Relying on the survey data, and backed by quantitative data from other sources, this report disaggregates network analyses along four lines: i) Sectoral: Sub-networks based on seven development sectors that consolidate and include 18 formally-recognized CSO sectors; ii) Geographic:
Recommended publications
  • Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia in 2018
    ENERGY AND WATER SERVICES REGULATORY COMMISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA APRIL 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 201 8 Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia in 2018 ENERGY AND WATER SERVICES REGULATORY COMMISSION OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA ___________________________________________________________________ The Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission of the Republic of North Macedonia for 2018 has been prepared in accordance with Article 36 from the Energy Law, which establishes the obligation of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission to submit the Annual Report for its operation during the previous year to the Assembly of the Republic of North Macedonia, not later than 30th of April of the current year. The Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission for 2018 contains detailed information on the performance of the competences according to the Energy Law and the Law on Setting Prices of Water Services, as well as information on the material-financial operation. The Energy Law also determines that the Annual Report of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission needs to be submitted to the Government of the Republic of North Macedonia and the Ministry competent for the performance of the assignments within the energy area, so that they could be informed, as well as to the Energy Community Secretariat. The Report contains overview of the activities performed by the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission during 2018, with special review of: − State of the energy markets, − State of the prices and tariffs regulation, − Preparing regulatory acts, − International activities and − Financial Statement of the Energy and Water Services Regulatory Commission.
    [Show full text]
  • Download (1MB)
    Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia with a grant from the CEI-ES Know How Programme organize 1st INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE PROJECT Environmental Impact assessment of the Kozuf metallogenic district in southern Macedonia in relation to groundwater resources, surface waters, soils and socio-economic consequences (ENIGMA) PROCEEDINGS Edited by: T. Serafimovski & B. Boev th Kavadarci, 10 October 2013 1st International Workshop on the ENIGMA Project (Ref. No. 1206KEP.008-12) 10th October 2013, Kavadarci - Macedonia Organizing Committee: Prof. D-r Todor Serafimovski, President Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Prof. D-r Saša Mitrev Rector of the University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Prof. D-r Blažo Boev Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia D-r Josef Šimek GIS-GEOINDUSTRY, s.r.o. (“GISGEO”), Czech Republic Prof. D-r Violeta Stefanova Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Doc. D-r Goran Tasev Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia M. Sc. Ivan Boev Teaching Center-Kavadarci, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Scientific Committee: Prof. D-r Todor Serafimovski, President Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia D-r Josef Šimek GIS-GEOINDUSTRY, s.r.o. (“GISGEO”), Czech Republic Prof. D-r Blažo Boev Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Prof. D-r Nikola Dumurdžanov Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Prof. D-r Trajče Stafilov Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sts.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Notice for Awarding a Contract for Public Private Partnership for Financing, Designing, Construction, Management, Mainten
    PUBLIC NOTICE FOR AWARDING A CONTRACT FOR PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP FOR FINANCING, DESIGNING, CONSTRUCTION, MANAGEMENT, MAINTENANCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATURAL GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA IN THE FIRST PHASE OF THE COMPETITIVE DIALOGUE Notice number 01/2020 SECTION I: CONTRACTING AUTHORITY I.1) Details on the contracting authority I.1.1) Name of the contracting authority: Ministry of economy of the Republic of North Macedonia I.1.2) Address of the contracting authority: str.Jurij Gagarin, no.15 Town: Skopje Postal code:1000 I.1.3) Contact: Goran Nikolovski and Ismail Luma Telephone: +389 2 30 93 517; +389 2 30 93 430 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Website: www.economy.gov.mk I.2) Type of contracting authority, its main activity: State authorities – Ministry of economy and Ministry of finance SECTION II: SUBJECT MATTER OF CONTRACT II.1. Subject matter of contract: Awarding a contract for public private partnership for financing, designing, construction, management, maintenance and development of the natural gas distribution system in the Republic of North Macedonia. II.2. Type of contract: The contract for public private partnership shall be awarded by applying the procedure for competitive dialogue which shall be conducted in three phases. This call for request to participate refers to the first phase of the competitive dialogue. The duration of the contract for public private partnership is maximum 35 years, from the date of entry into force of the contract for public
    [Show full text]
  • Roma in the Republic of Macedonia: Challenges and Inequalities in Housing, Education and Health
    briefing Roma in the Republic of Macedonia: Challenges and Inequalities in Housing, Education and Health Andrea Spitálszky Young girl in Roma settlement, Republic of Macedonia. Andrea Spitalszky, April 2018. Acknowledgements Project: From action to equal rights for Roma. IPA/2015/382006. This project is funded by the European Union. This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Roma Democratic Development Association SONCE and Minority Rights Group International and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. Roma Democratic Development Association SONCE Minority Rights Group International The Roma Democratic Development Association SONCE is a Minority Rights Group International (MRG) is a non-governmental organization working at the local, national non-governmental organization (NGO) working to secure and international levels to promote civil integration, democratic the rights of ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and rights and equal opportunities for Roma in the Republic of indigenous peoples worldwide, and to promote cooperation Macedonia. Founded in 1996 as an informal self-help group for and understanding between communities. Our activities are the Roma community in the Municipality of Tetovo and officially focused on international advocacy, training, publishing and registered in 1999 as a non-profit organization, SONCE has outreach. We are guided by the needs expressed by our implemented more than 50 projects over the past two decades worldwide partner network of organizations, which represent in a range of areas including education, health and social care, minority and indigenous peoples. employment and democratic participation of Roma.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    E2120 EMP Checklist for Construction and Rehabilitation Activities General Guidelines for use of EMP checklist: For low-risk topologies, such as school and hospital rehabilitation activities, the ECA Public Disclosure Authorized safeguards team developed an alternative to the current EMP format to provide an opportunity for a more streamlined approach to preparing EMPs for minor rehabilitation or small-scale works in building construction, in the health, education and public services sectors. The checklist-type format has been developed to provide “example good practices” and designed to be user friendly and compatible with safeguard requirements. The EMP checklist-type format attempts to cover typical core mitigation approaches to civil works contracts with small, localized impacts. It is accepted that this format provides the key elements of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) or Environmental Management Framework (EMF) to meet World Bank Environmental Assessment requirements under OP 4.01. The intention of this checklist is that it would be applicable as guidelines for the small works contractors and constitute an Public Disclosure Authorized integral part of bidding documents for contractors carrying out small civil works under Bank-financed projects. The checklist has three sections: Part 1 includes a descriptive part that characterizes the project and specifies in terms the institutional and legislative aspects, the technical project content, the potential need for capacity building program and description of the public consultation process. This section could be up to two pages long. Attachments for additional information can be supplemented when needed. Part 2 includes an environmental and social screening checklist, where activities and potential environmental issues can be checked in a simple Yes/No format.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the 2014 Summer Season for Macedonia Compared to 1981-2010 Base Period
    Analysis of the 2014 summer season for Macedonia compared to 1981-2010 base period Temperature Average summer (June, July and August) air temperatures in Macedonia were mainly around normal value for the 1981-2010 base period. During summer 2014, mean air temperature ranged between 15.6.°C in Lazaropole and 25.6°C in Gevgelija. The departure of the mean temperature from the normal for the 1981-2010 base period ranged from -0.6°C in Kriva Palanka to 0.3°C in Gevgelija and Bitola. Station Departure (°C) June July August Summer OHRID -0.4 -0.8 0.8 -0.1 BEROVO -0.2 -0.4 0.4 -0.1 D.KAPIJA -1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 GEVGELIJA 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.3 K.PALANKA -0.7 -0.9 -0.2 -0.6 LAZAROPOLE -0.3 -1.3 0.5 -0.4 PRILEP -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 SKOPJE -0.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 STIP -0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.4 STRUMICA -0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.2 BITOLA -0.2 0.1 0.9 0.3 Table 1. Departure of the mean temperature (°C) from the normal for the 1981-2010 base period Three-month course of the mean, maximum and minimum daily air temperature in Kriva Palanka, Gevgelija and Bitola during summer 2014 is shown in figures 1, 2 and 3. Figure 1. Three-month course of the mean, maximum and minimum daily air temperature in Kriva Palanka during summer 2014 Figure 2.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    The World Bank Report No: ISR10928 Implementation Status & Results Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of Regional and Local Roads Program Support Project (P107840) Operation Name: Regional and Local Roads Program Support Project Project Stage: Implementation Seq.No: 8 Status: ARCHIVED Archive Date: 29-Jun-2013 (P107840) Public Disclosure Authorized Country: Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of Approval FY: 2008 Product Line:IBRD/IDA Region: EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA Lending Instrument: Sector Investment and Maintenance Loan Implementing Agency(ies): Key Dates Public Disclosure Copy Board Approval Date 13-May-2008 Original Closing Date 31-Jul-2013 Planned Mid Term Review Date 29-Nov-2010 Last Archived ISR Date 25-Nov-2012 Effectiveness Date 17-Oct-2008 Revised Closing Date 31-Jul-2013 Actual Mid Term Review Date 07-Mar-2011 Project Development Objectives Project Development Objective (from Project Appraisal Document) Reduced cost of access to markets and services for communities served by regional and local roads. Has the Project Development Objective been changed since Board Approval of the Project? Yes No Public Disclosure Authorized Component(s) Component Name Component Cost Regional Roads 51.10 Local Roads 51.10 Institutional Support 3.00 Overall Ratings Previous Rating Current Rating Progress towards achievement of PDO Satisfactory Moderately Satisfactory Overall Implementation Progress (IP) Moderately Satisfactory Moderately Unsatisfactory Public Disclosure Authorized Overall Risk Rating Moderate Moderate Implementation Status Overview During the latter part of 2012, implementation of the Project continued to be affected by the decision of the Government to impose a cap on disbursements from the loan which it had imposed on all Bank supported projects in the country as a result of the financialconstraints the Government was experiencing.
    [Show full text]
  • CORE View Metadata, Citation and Similar Papers at Core.Ac.Uk
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UGD Academic Repository Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia with a grant from the CEI-ES Know How Programme organize 1st INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE PROJECT Environmental Impact assessment of the Kozuf metallogenic district in southern Macedonia in relation to groundwater resources, surface waters, soils and socio-economic consequences (ENIGMA) PROCEEDINGS Edited by: T. Serafimovski & B. Boev th Kavadarci, 10 October 2013 1st International Workshop on the ENIGMA Project (Ref. No. 1206KEP.008-12) 10th October 2013, Kavadarci - Macedonia Organizing Committee: Prof. D-r Todor Serafimovski, President Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Prof. D-r Saša Mitrev Rector of the University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Prof. D-r Blažo Boev Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia D-r Josef Šimek GIS-GEOINDUSTRY, s.r.o. (“GISGEO”), Czech Republic Prof. D-r Violeta Stefanova Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Doc. D-r Goran Tasev Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia M. Sc. Ivan Boev Teaching Center-Kavadarci, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia Scientific Committee: Prof. D-r Todor Serafimovski, President Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R. Macedonia D-r Josef Šimek GIS-GEOINDUSTRY, s.r.o. (“GISGEO”), Czech Republic Prof. D-r Blažo Boev Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, University “Goce Delčev”-Štip, R.
    [Show full text]
  • Status Quo Report on Accessibility for the Towns of Kavadarci, Negotino, Stip and Veles
    Status – quo Analysis Reports Activity 1 of the Project: Equal Access through Service Learning for Persons with Disabilities Skopje, 2012 Note: The texts herein, in general, are included as originally submitted by the authors, i.e. they were not subject to contextual changes. Status – quo Analysis Reports Activity 1 of the Project: Equal Access through Service Learning for Persons with Disabilities Status Quo R e p o r t for the towns of Kavadarci, Negotino, Stip and Veles Republic of Macedonia Author: Biljana Manevska Veles Skopje/Veles, 2012 2 Table of Contents: Contents Table of Contents: ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Education ........................................................................................................................................................... 4 Public Services ................................................................................................................................................ 16 Banks ............................................................................................................................................................... 27 Sports-Entertainment ....................................................................................................................................... 35 Examples of Good Practice ............................................................................................................................. 38 Transport/Movement
    [Show full text]
  • Viewership Survey Report New Heroes: a Reality TV Show in North
    Viewership Survey Report New Heroes: A Reality TV Show in North Macedonia Search for Common Ground North Macedonia April 2020 Skopje i Acknowledgements In the planning and preparation of this report tremendous help, support and guidance was provided by the whole Search team of North Macedonia. Additionally, starting from the planning phase of the research and concluding with the finalization of the report, there has been a continuous cooperation between the local M&E Consultant and Shiva K Dhungana, Senior Regional DM&E Specialist for Asia and North Macedonia. Special thanks to the principles of the primary and high schools across the country that have made it possible for parts of this research with primary and high school students to happen as a result of their readiness for cooperation. © Search for Common Ground Disclaimer The opinions and analyses included in the report are generated from the data collection tools used for this research and are interrelated by the researcher. The opinions or analyses do not represent the opinion or stand US Agency for International Development in North Macedonia. ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements ii Executive Summary iv 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Background 1 2. Methodology 4 2.1. Watch-Party Discussions 4 2.2. Interviews 5 2.3. TV and YouTube Viewership 5 2.4. 3-R Survey 5 2.4.1. Survey Audience 6 2.4.2. Survey Location 6 2.4.3. Sample Size 6 3. Findings 9 3.1. Watch-Party Discussions 9 3.2. TV and YouTube Viewership 11 3.3. Interviews/Interactions 13 3.4.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Toxic Metal Pollution in Some Rivers in the Tikveš Basin
    Full Journal Name Month (abbreviated) Year, Vol. * Iss. *, PP. *-* Assessment of Toxic Metal Pollution in Some Rivers in the Tikveš Basin, Republic of Macedonia Kole Pavlov1, Katerina Bačeva2, Trajče Stafilov*2, Dragan Vasileski3, Svetlana Toševska4 1Josip Broz Tito High School, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia 2Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sts. Cyril and Methodius University, POB 162, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia 3Institute of Geography, Faculty of Science, Sts. Cyril and Methodius University, POB 162, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia 4Institute of Public Health, Skopje, Macedonia [email protected] Abstract- The Tikveš Basin, which covers the central and the rivers concerned, and identify the natural and anthropogenic south parts of the Republic of Macedonia, boasts a favourable sources of pollution of the smaller rivers in the Tikveš Basin. geographic location and is of distinctive strategic and economic The primary urge leading to the implementation of such a importance for the country. The region, however, has modest goal is the fact that in this respect, the scientific community hydrological resources and faces a series of accumulated water has paid little attention to small rivers in the Tikveš Basin, management problems that hugely affect water supply, erosive processes and quality of surface water, the monitoring network which are not subject to adequate monitoring or where they of which is insufficient. In this respect, this work aimed at a are, it is done incidentally, and on the other hand, they are of more systematic and comprehensive assessment of water huge importance in water supply, agriculture and energy quality in some rivers, tributaries of the river Vardar in Tikveš provision for the population in the whole region.
    [Show full text]
  • Hydrometeorological Service of Republic of Macedonia
    Hydrometeorological Service of Republic of Macedonia Meteorology Department Climatological analysis for summer 2016 VERIFICATION OF THE SEECOF -15 SUMMER 2016 CLIMATE OUTLOOK FOR REPUBLIC OF REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA COMPARED TO THE 1981-2010 BASE PERIOD Hydrometeorological Service of Republic of Macedonia prepares regular seasonal climate analysis, based on the products of SEECOF seasonal forecasts and the forecast products from the SEVCCC. The present analysis is for the summer 2016, June, July and August, and it is based on the means of the climatological period 1981-2010. SUMMER 2016 The mean seasonal air temperature during summer 2016 ranged between 16.7°C in Lazaropole to 26.2°C in Gevgelija. Spatial distribution of the mean seasonal air temperature is shown on Figure1. The mean air temperatures anomaly was slightly above normal at all main meteorological stations, from 0.4°C in Skopje and Ohrid to 1.2°C in Mavrovo (Figure2). Figure 1: Spatial distribution of the mean seasonal air Figure 2: Mean seasonal air temperature anomaly (°C) temperature (°C) during summer 2016 compared to the period 1981-2010 during summer 2016 The mean maximum seasonal air temperature was also slightly above normal, with positive anomaly from 0.4°C in Ohrid to 1.2°C in Lazaropole. The mean minimum seasonal air temperature was above normal reaching positive anomaly of 1.9°C in Mavrovo. The highest daily air temperature during summer 2016 was measured 39.1°C observed on 21st of June in Gevgelija. The lowest air temperature during summer 2016 was measured 3.4°C observed on 13th of August in Lazaropole.
    [Show full text]