World Health Organization Department of Communications Evidence Syntheses to Support the Guideline on Emergency Risk Communication Q10: What are the best social media channels and practices to promote health protection measures and dispel rumours and misinformation during events and emergencies with public health implications? Final Report Submitted by Wayne State University, 42 W. Warren Ave., Detroit, Michigan 48202 United States of America Contact Persons: Pradeep Sopory, Associate Professor, Department of Communication (Email:
[email protected]; Ph.: 313.577.3543) Lillian (Lee) Wilkins, Professor, Department of Communication (Email:
[email protected]; 313.577.2959) Date: December 21, 2016 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents . 2 Project Team, Acknowledgments, Authors . 3 1.0 Introduction . 4 2.0 Existing Reviews . 7 3.0 Method . 12 4.0 Results . 23 5.0 Discussion . 48 6.0 Funding . 52 7.0 References . 53 8.0 Appendixes . 62 2 PROJECT TEAM, ACKNOWLEDGMENTS, AUTHORS Wayne State University The project team was Pradeep Sopory, Lillian (Lee) Wilkins, Ashleigh Day, Stine Eckert, Donyale Padgett, and Julie Novak. Research assistance provided by (in alphabetical order) Fatima Barakji, Kimberly Daniels, Beth Fowler, Javier Guzman Barcenas. Juan Liu, Anna Nagayko, and Jacob Nickell. Library assistance provided by Damecia Donahue. We acknowledge the assistance of staff (in alphabetical order) Mary Alleyne, Robin Collins, Victoria Dallas, Janine Dunlop, Andrea Hill, Charylce Jackson, and Angela Windfield. World Health Organization Methodology assistance provided by consultant Jane Noyes, library assistance provided by Tomas Allen, and general research assistance provided by Nyka Alexander. We acknowledge the assistance of staff Oliver Stucke. Project initiated and conceptualized by Gaya Gamhewage and Marsha Vanderford.