Understanding Patriarchy
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Patriarchy, Male Dominance, the Role and Women Empowerment in Nigeria
Patriarchy, male dominance, the role and women empowerment in Nigeria Abidemi R. Asiyanbola Department of Geography and Regional Planning, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected] Paper submitted for presentation as poster at the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP/UIESP) XXV International Population Conference Tours, France, 18-23, 2005 2 ABSTRACT In the paper, the nature of male dominance and roles in Nigerian family is empirically analyzed and discussed. The data used in the study were obtained through a cross-sectional survey of 233 households in Ibadan between November 1999 and April 2000. ANOVA, paired samples‘t’ test and correlation statistical techniques were used to analyze the data. The result of the study shows that there is no significant intra-urban variation in male dominance within domestic units, but significant intra-urban variation at p<.05 is found in male activities/roles within domestic units. A significant difference at p<.01 is found between male and female activities/roles within domestic units with the female doing much of the domestic activities. No significant relationship is found between male activities/roles and their socio-economic characteristics. These results suggest that men are majorly affected by cultural orientation, and women empowerment could be enhanced through a re-orientation of men via gender education. 1.0 INTRODUCTION From time immemorial, Nigerian society has been a patriarchy society (Aina, 1998). Patriarchy structure has been a major feature of the traditional society. It is a structure of a set of social relations with material base which enables men to dominate women (Stacey 1993; Kramarae 1992; Lerner 1986; Humm 1989; Aina 1998). -
Brahmanical Patriarchy and Voices from Below: Ambedkar's Characterization of Women's Emancipation
Open Political Science, 2020; 3: 175–182 Research Article Harsha Senanayake*, Samarth Trigunayat Brahmanical Patriarchy and Voices from Below: Ambedkar‘s Characterization of Women’s Emancipation https://doi.org/10.1515/openps-2020-0014 received May 8, 2020; accepted June 2, 2020. Abstract: Western feminism created a revolution on the international stage urging the world to look at things through the perspective of women who were historically suppressed because of their gender, yet in many instances, it failed to address the issue of women in the Indian subcontinent because of the existence of social hierarchies that are alien concepts to the western world. As a result, the impact of western feminist thinkers was limited to only the elites in the Indian subcontinent. The idea of social hierarchy is infamously unique to the South Asian context and hence, in the view of the authors, this evil has to be fought through homegrown approaches which have to address these double disadvantages that women suffer in this part of the world. While many have tried to characterize Ambedkar’s political and social philosophy into one of the ideological labels, his philosophy was essentially ‘a persistent attempt to think things through’. It becomes important here to understand what made Ambedkar different from others; what was his social condition and his status in a hierarchal Hindu Society. As a matter of his epistemology, his research and contribution did not merely stem from any particular compartmentalized consideration of politics or society, rather it encompassed the contemporary socio-political reality taking into consideration other intersectionalities like gender and caste. -
A Conversation with Juliet Mitchell
A Conversation with Juliet Mitchell TAMAR GARB and MIGNON NIXON Mignon Nixon: The occasion for this conversation is the publication of Siblings: Sex and Violence (2003), which comes fast on the heels of your groundbreaking study of hysteria, Mad Men and Medusas: Reclaiming Hysteria and the Effects of Sibling Relations on the Human Condition in 2000. In both books you argue that psychoanalysis is trapped in a vertical paradigm that privileges inter- generational relations—parents and children—at the expense of lateral, intragenerational relationships which find their origin in siblings. What galva- nized your thinking about siblings? And how has this turn to the horizontal, lateral dimension of experience affected your thinking about feminism? Juliet Mitchell: Freud says the Oedipus complex opens out onto a social family com- plex. At no point do I want to say that there is not a crucial intergenerational relationship. Of course there is. This is not an attempt to displace that in any sense. It is an attempt to say that at certain points there is an interaction between the intergenerational and the lateral. This idea came from my clini- cal work as a psychoanalyst, from being stuck while trying to understand something about hysteria. It also came very specifically through the question of the male hysteric. But you ask about feminism, so perhaps I should back- track and talk about my relationship to feminism. Nixon: In 1974, you published Psychoanalysis and Feminism, the first major study to consider second-wave feminism and psychoanalysis together. Maybe you could start by telling us what brought you to write that book. -
GOV 1029 Feminist Political Thought
GOV 1029 Feminist Political Thought Tuesday, Thursday 12-1.15 Fall Semester 2018 Professor Katrina Forrester Office Hours: Tuesday, Thursday 2-3 Office: CGIS K437 E-mail: [email protected] Teaching Fellow: Leah Downey E-mail: [email protected] Course Description: What is feminism? What is patriarchy? What and who is a woman? How does gender relate to sexuality, and to class and race? Should housework be waged, should sex be for sale, and should feminists trust the state? This course is an introduction to feminist political thought since the mid-twentieth century. It introduces students to classic texts of late twentieth-century feminism, explores the key arguments that have preoccupied radical, socialist, liberal, Black, postcolonial and queer feminists, examines how these arguments have changed over time, and asks how debates about equality, work, and identity matter today. We will proceed chronologically, reading texts mostly written during feminism’s so-called ‘second wave’, by a range of influential thinkers including Simone de Beauvoir, Shulamith Firestone, bell hooks and Catharine MacKinnon. We will examine how feminists theorized patriarchy, capitalism, labor, property and the state; the relationship of claims of sex, gender, race, and class; the development of contemporary ideas about sexuality, identity, and gender; and how and whether these ideas change how fundamental problems in political theory are understood. 1 Course Requirements: Participation (25%) includes (a) active participation in discussion (15%); and (b) weekly responses: each week you will send 2-3 brief questions/ comments about the reading to your TF by 5pm the day before section (10%) Paper 1 (25%) 5-6 pages due October 18 4pm. -
Unit 2 Feminism and Psychoanalysis
Feminist Theories UNIT 2 FEMINISM AND PSYCHOANALYSIS Anu Aneja Structure 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Objectives 2.3 Freud, Psychoanalysis and Feminism 2.3.1 Introduction to Sigmund Freud 2.3.2 Basic Concepts in Freudian Theory 2.3.3 Freud’s Theory of Infantile Sexuality and the Oedipus Complex 2.3.4 Female Sexuality in Freudian Theory 2.3.5 Feminist Detractors of Freud: Kate Millett and Nancy Chodorow 2.4 Lacan and Feminism 2.4.1 Lacan and Psychoanalysis 2.4.2 Lacanian Feminist Theorists: Juliet Mitchell and Jacqueline Rose 2.5 Let Us Sum Up 2.6 Glossary 2.7 Unit End Questions 2.8 References 2.9 Suggested Readings 2.1 INTRODUCTION In the previous block (i.e. Block 4), you have seen how feminist theorists have made significant interventions in different disciplinary areas. In Unit 3 of Block 4, we looked at feminist critiques of knowledge in the humanities, more specifically in the areas of literature, philosophy, and psychoanalysis. In this unit, you will read further about some of the contributions made by feminist theorists who have examined psychoanalytical concepts and theories and attempted to understand their relevance for women. You will also read about the ways in which they have contributed to a critique of some of the gaps and misrepresentations prevalent in these theories. The contributions of feminist theorists will be examined in relationship to the psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan, two major thinkers of the twentieth century whose works have provoked a rich body of diverse feminist responses and counter-theories. -
Women: the Longest Revolution
Juliet Mitchell Women: the Longest Revolution The situation of women is different from that of any other social group. This is because they are not one of a number of isolable units, but half a totality: the human species. Women are essential and irreplaceable; they cannot therefore be exploited in the same way as other social groups can. They are fundamental to the human condition, yet in their economic, social and political roles, they are marginal. It is precisely this combination—fundamental and marginal at one and the same time—that has been fatal to them. Within the world of men their position is comparable to that of an oppressed minority: but they also exist outside the world of men. The one state justifies the other and precludes protest. In advanced industrial society, women’s work is only marginal to the total economy. Yet it is through work that man changes natural conditions and there- by produces society. Until there is a revolution in production, the labour situation will prescribe women’s situation within the world of men. But women are offered a universe of their own: the family. Like woman herself, the family appears as a natural object, but it is actually a cultural creation. There is nothing inevitable about the form or role of the family any more than there is about the character or role of women. It is the function of ideology to present these given social types as aspects of Nature itself. Both can be exalted para- doxically, as ideals. The ‘true’ woman and the ‘true’ family are images of peace and plenty: in actuality they may both be sites of violence and despair. -
Curriculum Vitae
22 Phillips Street Boston, Massachusetts 02114 PHONE 617-367-4824 . E-MAIL [email protected] D I A N A W Y L I E EDUCATION___________________________________________________________ Yale University – Ph.D. (History, 1984) University of Edinburgh – M.Litt. (History, 1974) Goucher College – B.A. (History, 1969) AWARDS AND FELLOWSHIPS___________________________________________ Fulbright Senior Research Scholar Award to Morocco, 2013-14 Boston University Center for the Humanities, senior fellowship 2013-14 (declined) American Institute for Maghrib Studies, research grant for project in Algeria, 2012 Phi Beta Kappa Society, Boston University, honorary member, 2009 National Endowment for the Humanities, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Boston University, 2008-11 Bogliasco Fellow, Centro Studi Ligure, Bogliasco (Genova) October-November, 2006 Melville J. Herskovits Award, for “the best scholarly work on Africa published in English” in 2001, awarded by the African Studies Association, 2002, to Starving on a Full Stomach, Hunger and the Triumph of Cultural Racism in Modern South Africa Choice Outstanding Academic Title, 2002, for Starving on a Full Stomach, Hunger and the Triumph of Cultural Racism in Modern Africa Metcalf Award for Excellence in Teaching, Boston University, 2002 1 Humanities Foundation, Boston University, Senior Fellow, 2002-3 Marion and Jasper Whiting Fellowship, 2001 Social Science Research Council Mid-Career Fellowship, 2000 Senior Faculty Fellowship, Yale University, 1992-3 Morse Junior Faculty Fellowship, Yale University, 1988-9 Carter G. Woodson Institute for Afro-American and African Studies, University of Virginia, Research Fellowship, 1983-4 Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad, 1979-80 Yale University Fellowship, 1977-81 BOOKS________________________________________________________________ Enchantment: Pictures from the Tangier American Legation Museum, Tangier: TALIM, 2010 (second printing 2012; French translation 2015). -
A N Z<+Lote2svz
a n z<+lote2svz no- BETTY FRIEDAN'S ROLE AS REFORMER IN THE WOMEN'S LIBERATION MOVEMENT, 1960-1970 Glenda F. Hodges Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of < the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY June 1980 Approved: Advisor VITA April 12, 1951...............Born - Selma, North Carolina 1972 ......................... B.A. - Virginia State College, Petersburg, Virginia 1972 - 1973 ................. Research Assistant - National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence, Washington, D.C. 1975 ......................... M.A. - Howard University, Washington, D.C. 1975 - 1977 ................. Instructor, Tuskegee Institute, Tuskegee, Alabama 1977 - 1979 ................. Assistant Director, Basic Speech Course, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Interpersonal and Public Communication Studies in Interpersonal Communication. Dr. James Wilcox Studies in Public Address. Dr. Raymond Yeager Studies in Persuasion. Dr. John Rickey Studies in Rhetoric. Dr. Donald Enholm Studies in Human Communication and Research Design. Dr. Raymond Tucker Studies in Business Management. Dr. William Hoskins Ill ABSTRACT The activities of the sixties that addressed the issue of women’s rights have been given considerable attention by historians. These activities called for justice and equality for women through legal reform. Betty Goldstein Friedan, noted women's rights advocater, has been regarded by some historians as one of the leaders that attempted to change status-quo conditions of the sixties, relative to women's equal ity. Friedan's publication of The Feminine Mystique, in 1963, cautioned women that they did not have to adhere to society's image that supposedly prescribed their lifestyles. Betty Friedan noted that there is often a discrepancy between what women feel they want to achieve and what society has mandated that they attempt to achieve. -
Unequal, Unfair, Ineffective and Inefficient Gender Inequity in Health: Why It Exists and How We Can Change It Women and Gender
Unequal, Unfair, Ineffective and Inefficient Gender Inequity in Health: Why it exists and how we can change it Final Report to the WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health September 2007 Women and Gender Equity Knowledge Network Submitted by Gita Sen and Piroska Östlin Co-coordinators of the WGEKN1 Report writing team Gita Sen, Piroska Östlin, Asha George 1 We are very grateful to the members and corresponding members of the WGEKN, and the authors of background papers for their willingness to write, read, comment and send material. Special thanks are due to Linda Rydberg and Priya Patel for their cheerful and competent support at the different stages of this report. We would also like to thank Beena Varghese for her inputs to the report. Members Rebecca Cook Rosalind Petchesky Claudia Garcia Moreno Silvina Ramos Adrienne Germain Sundari Ravindran Veloshnee Govender Alex Scott-Samuel Caren Grown Gita Sen (Coordinator) Afua Hesse Hilary Standing Helen Keleher Debora Tajer Yunguo LIU Sally Theobald Piroska Östlin (Coordinator) Huda Zurayk Corresponding members Pat Armstrong Jennifer Klot Jill Astbury Gunilla Krantz Gary Barker Rally Macintyre Anjana Bhushan Peggy Maguire Mabel Bianco Mary Manandhar Mary Anne Burke Nomafrench Mbombo James Dwyer Geeta Rao Gupta Margrit Eichler Sunanda Ray Sahar El- Sheneity Marta Rondon Alessandra Fantini Hania Sholkamy Elsa Gómez Erna Surjadi Ana Cristina González Vélez Wilfreda Thurston Anne Hammarström Joanna Vogel Amparo Hernández-Bello Isabel Yordi Aguirre Nduku Kilonzo Authors of background papers -
The Power of Place: Structure, Culture, and Continuities in U.S. Women's Movements
The Power of Place: Structure, Culture, and Continuities in U.S. Women's Movements By Laura K. Nelson A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Kim Voss, Chair Professor Raka Ray Professor Robin Einhorn Fall 2014 Copyright 2014 by Laura K. Nelson 1 Abstract The Power of Place: Structure, Culture, and Continuities in U.S. Women's Movements by Laura K. Nelson Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology University of California, Berkeley Professor Kim Voss, Chair This dissertation challenges the widely accepted historical accounts of women's movements in the United States. Second-wave feminism, claim historians, was unique because of its development of radical feminism, defined by its insistence on changing consciousness, its focus on women being oppressed as a sex-class, and its efforts to emphasize the political nature of personal problems. I show that these features of second-wave radical feminism were not in fact unique but existed in almost identical forms during the first wave. Moreover, within each wave of feminism there were debates about the best way to fight women's oppression. As radical feminists were arguing that men as a sex-class oppress women as a sex-class, other feminists were claiming that the social system, not men, is to blame. This debate existed in both the first and second waves. Importantly, in both the first and the second wave there was a geographical dimension to these debates: women and organizations in Chicago argued that the social system was to blame while women and organizations in New York City argued that men were to blame. -
Black South African Women's Fight Against Patriarchy and Apartheid
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 4-2010 The Revolution Will Be Recognized: Black South African Women's Fight Against Patriarchy and Apartheid Candace Lillie Bond College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Recommended Citation Bond, Candace Lillie, "The Revolution Will Be Recognized: Black South African Women's Fight Against Patriarchy and Apartheid" (2010). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 652. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/652 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Revolution Will Be Recognized: Black South African Women’s Fight Against Patriarchy and Apartheid A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelors of Arts in Interdisciplinary Studies from The College of William and Mary By Candace Lillie Bond Accepted for ___________________________________ (Honors, High Honors, Highest Honors) Leisa D. Meyer________________________________ Director Robert Vinson ________________________________ James D. La Fleur_______________________________ Williamsburg, VA April 22, 2010 Table of Contents Preface……………………………………………………………………………………….....iii Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….…….1 Section I. Indigenous -
The Role of Matriarchies and Patriarchies in Social Evolution
THE ROLE OF MATRIARCHIES AND PATRIARCHIES IN SOCIAL EVOLUTION VIS-À-VIS BACHOFEN AND HIS INFLUENCE ON THE SOCIAL SCIENCES A Thesis by RACHEL ROMERO Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE May 2008 Major Subject: Sociology THE ROLE OF MATRIARCHIES AND PATRIARCHIES IN SOCIAL EVOLUTION VIS-À-VIS BACHOFEN AND HIS INFLUENCE ON THE SOCIAL SCIENCES A Thesis by RACHEL ROMERO Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Approved by: Chair of Committee, Stjepan G. Mestrovic Committee Members, William Alex McIntosh John McDermott Head of Department, Mark Fossett May 2008 Major Subject: Sociology iii ABSTRACT The Role of Matriarchies and Patriarchies in Social Evolution Vis-à-vis Bachofen and His Influence on the Social Sciences. (May 2008) Rachel Romero, B.A., University of North Texas; B.A., University of North Texas Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Stjepan G. Mestrovic Johan Jakob Bachofen (1815-1887) was a Swiss anthropologist and sociologist whose 1861 book, Mother Right: An Investigation of the Religious and Juridical Character of Matriarchy in the Ancient World is best known for his radical claims that matriarchy preceded patriarchy, and that matriarchy is the source of human society, religion, and morality. Scholars have acknowledged Bachofen’s influence on a long list of writers, including but not limited to: Lewis Henry Morgan, Friedrich Nietzsche, Thomas Mann, Friederich Engels, Karl Marx, Erich Fromm, Joseph Campbelll, Emile Durkheim, Carl Gustav Jung, Thorstein Veblen, Ferdinand Tonnies, and Pitirim Sorokin.