Development of a Sustainable Environmentally Friendly Waste Management System at Large Mass and Sports Events (2023 WJC in Novosibirsk)
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E3S Web of Conferences 296, 02010 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129602010 ESMGT 2021 Development of a sustainable environmentally friendly waste management system at large mass and sports events (2023 WJC in Novosibirsk) Lada Rozhdestvenskaya1,*, Larisa Cherednichenko1, Kristina Malchugova1, and Vladimir Korotenko2,3 1Novosibirsk State Technical University, Prospekt K. Marksa, 20, 630073 Novosibirsk, Russia 2Adam University, M. Gvardiya blvd. 55, 720010 Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic 3National Academy of Science KR, Chui ave. 256-a, 720071 Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic Abstract. Large public events (forums, championships, contests, olympiads) are events with a large number of spectators and participants, which, as a rule, leads to the generation of a large amount of waste. Mass sporting events are no exception, and when planning them, a special role is assigned to the creation of environmentally friendly waste management system. The subject of the research is the concept of waste management at the upcoming World Junior Ice Hockey Championship in 2023 in Novosibirsk. The article also discusses the types of waste generated in the functional areas of the competition grounds, studied the practice of handling solid waste: possible technologies for utilization and collection. The scheme of waste management at various stages of sports competitions is presented. Reasonable waste management should be based on the following principles: waste minimization, repair and restoration of faulty equipment and inventory, reuse of goods and materials, maximum recycling and composting, minimum burial and storage at landfills. Based on the results of the article, the main methods and recommendations for effective waste management at WJC-2023 were identified 1 Introduction The problem of rational consumption of resources, reduction of waste at different stages of production, processing and distribution of the planet's resources is at the epicenter of global attention and affects most of the SDGs [1,2,3]. The search for the most effective models for building a reusable (circular) economy, including within the framework of the European Green Deal [4, 5], which involves not only minimizing all types of waste, but also creating methods and technologies for their complete disappearance, is of no less scientific interest and public interest. in perspective. According to the Federal Classification Catalog of Wastes [6], they are divided according to the areas of activity in which they arise when creating food resources, when * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 296, 02010 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129602010 ESMGT 2021 extracting minerals, in manufacturing, when consuming resources and providing various kinds of services. Also, classifiers that emit varying degrees of hazardous properties (toxicity) of waste are classified as the most commonly used in the world. So in the approaches of the Environmental Protection Agency breaks it down by four characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity. It is on the basis of approaches to determining the hazard by the degree of negative impact on the environment that the appropriate method of waste management is selected and implemented. At the same time, it is worth answering that in Russia it is not customary to use the "waste declaration" used in many countries of the world, although it is the certification of waste that is the basis for the systematization of work on waste stream management, incl. to reduce them. In general, from the point of view of creating Waste Management System (WMS), all waste is usually divided into four major categories of waste: municipal solid waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste and hazardous waste. A special type of activity that generates a large amount of waste is mass sports competitions (Olympiads, world championships, etc.), in which the amount of waste increases as the number of spectators increases. The predominant part of waste generated during mass events is mainly related to municipal solid waste (MSW) is consumer waste generated by the population, including during cooking, cleaning and repairing residential premises, maintaining adjacent territories and common areas, keeping pets and birds in residential premises, as well as obsolete, worn out household items [7]. In his article, Thai colleague Atchariyasopon K. cites the following data: at the Premier League games in 2012, on average 1 spectator left behind 0.097 kg of solid waste [8] According to UNLEASH, Another, poorly studied in the hospitality industry, is the topic of food waste, although a high proportion of this part of waste is of concern worldwide, not only in connection with its harmful effects on the environment (Sustainable Development Goals 6, 12, 13 and 15), but also in connection with the demonstrated inefficiency in the use of natural resources and food stocks, which raises questions of food security and raises concerns for the future sustainability of the international food sector (Sustainable Development Goals 2, 11) [10]. In particular, it is difficult not only to assess the total volume, but also the dynamics of food waste generated in the catering sector. Research carried out in Russia shows that on average a restaurant produces about 14 tons of food waste per year, and the annual industrial waste is at least 1.23 million tons, or 7% of the total waste in the country [11]. Most food waste comes from overproduction of prepared meals and leftovers from food guests. Best practices in food waste management to reduce waste primarily involve providing incentives to customers for clean plates and partnerships with local farmers in a multi-stakeholder manner. These zones of cooperation bring together food service providers, farmers and charities [11]. Collection of solid household waste (MSW) in Russia was carried out according to three traditional schemes: without the use of containers, with the use of non-replaceable containers, with the use of replaceable containers [12]. A key aspect in building an effective waste management system is the introduction of a separate waste collection system. This system includes the separation of all waste into recyclable and non-recyclable. Recyclable waste consists of recyclable and recyclable materials and includes plastic and glass bottles, aluminum and cans, paper (paper, cardboard, newspapers, magazines, books, etc.), glass and broken glass. used batteries and accumulators, used vegetable oil (frying fat), film- based packaging (polyethylene, bubble wrap, stretch film, etc.), wood products (wire spools, used pallets) [13]. An analysis of cross-country waste management practices at sporting events confirms the emphasis on a separate waste collection facility as the basis for an adequate WMS. Thus, a study of the process of collecting and recycling solid waste at the Maratona 2 E3S Web of Conferences 296, 02010 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129602010 ESMGT 2021 extracting minerals, in manufacturing, when consuming resources and providing various Alzheimer marathon (Mercato Saraceno, September 2019) in Italy showed that less than kinds of services. Also, classifiers that emit varying degrees of hazardous properties 15% of the plastic collected at events is suitable for recycling. This is due to the fact that (toxicity) of waste are classified as the most commonly used in the world. So in the this type of waste is not sorted by type of plastic, although it requires different methods of approaches of the Environmental Protection Agency breaks it down by four characteristics: processing. For this reason, the researchers developed a project called CORRIPULITO, ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity. It is on the basis of approaches to determining which involved the separation of plastic by spectators and other participants at the waste the hazard by the degree of negative impact on the environment that the appropriate method collection stage. The project included both informational training of participants, and of waste management is selected and implemented. At the same time, it is worth answering installation of separate containers for 4 types of plastics with the organization of waste that in Russia it is not customary to use the "waste declaration" used in many countries of sorting by volunteers. Despite the labor intensity, the CORRIPULITO project proved to be the world, although it is the certification of waste that is the basis for the systematization of quite effective and the ratio of recycled plastics was higher than in previous years of the work on waste stream management, incl. to reduce them. In general, from the point of view Maratona Alzheimer, which, from an environmental point of view, reflects the positive of creating Waste Management System (WMS), all waste is usually divided into four major results of this initiative. [14] categories of waste: municipal solid waste, industrial waste, agricultural waste and In Russia, the experience in waste management based on sorting during major sporting hazardous waste. events was analyzed using the example of the Confederation Cup (Moscow, St. Petersburg, A special type of activity that generates a large amount of waste is mass sports Sochi, Kazan, summer 2017). In sports arenas, two types of containers were installed: competitions