DOCSLIB.ORG

Tragic Orphans: Indians in Malaysia

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

BIBLIOGRAPHY Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj, Tunku. Looking Back: The Historic Years of Malaya and Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Pustaka Antara, 1977. ———. Viewpoints. Kuala Lumpur: Heinemann Educational Books (Asia), 1978. Abdul Rashid Moten. “Modernization and the Process of Globalization: The Muslim Experience and Responses”. In Islam in Southeast Asia: Political, Social and Strategic Challenges for the 21st Century, edited by K.S. Nathan and Mohammad Hashim Kamali. Singapore: Institute for Southeast Asian Studies, 2005. Abraham, Collin. “Manipulation and Management of Racial and Ethnic Groups in Colonial Malaysia: A Case Study of Ideological Domination and Control”. In Ethnicity and Ethnic Relations in Malaysia, edited by Raymond L.M. Lee. Illinois: Northern Illinois University, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 1986. ———. The Naked Social Order: The Roots of Racial Polarisation in Malaysia. Subang Jaya: Pelanduk, 2004 (1997). ———. “The Finest Hour”: The Malaysian-MCP Peace Accord in Perspective. Petaling Jaya: Strategic Information and Research Development Centre, 2006. Abu Talib Ahmad. “The Malay Community and Memory of the Japanese Occupation”. In War and Memory in Malaysia and Singapore, edited by Patricia Lim Pui Huen and Diana Wong. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2000. ———. The Malay Muslims, Islam and the Rising Sun: 1941–1945. Kuala Lumpur: MBRAS, 2003. Ackerman, Susan E. and Raymond L.M. Lee. Heaven in Transition: Innovation and Ethnic Identity in Malaysia. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1988. Aeria, Andrew. “Skewed Economic Development and Inequality: The New Economic Policy in Sarawak”. In The New Economic Policy in Malaysia: Affirmative Action, Ethnic Inequalities and Social Justice, edited by Edmund Terence Gomez and Johan Saravanamuttu. Singapore: NUS/Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2013. Ahearne, C.D. Annual Report of the Labour Department, Malaya, 1934. Kuala Lumpur: Government Press, 1935. 18 TragicOrphans_Msia.indd 459 12/8/14 11:05 AM 460 Tragic Orphans: Indians in Malaysia Ahmad Fauzi Abdul Hamid. Islamic Education in Malaysia, Monograph No. 18. Singapore: S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, 2010. ———. “Politically Engaged Muslims in Malaysia in the Era of Abdullah Ahmad Badawi (2003–2009)”. Asian Journal of Political Science 18, no. 2 (August 2010): 154–76. Ahmad Mustapha Hassan. The Unmaking of Malaysia: Insider’s Reminiscences of UMNO, Razak and Mahathir. Petaling Jaya: Strategic Information and Research Development Centre, 2007. Ahmad, Talmiz. Children of Abraham at War: The Clash of Messianic Militarisms. Delhi: Aakar Books, 2010. Ainsworth, Leopold. The Confessions of a Planter in Malaya: A Chronicle of Life and Adventure in the Jungle. London: Witherby, 1933. Akashi Yoji. “Colonel Watanabe Wataru: The Architect of the Malayan Military Administration, December 1941–March 1943”. In New Perspectives on the Japanese Occupation in Malaya and Singapore, 1941–1945, edited by Akashi Yoji and Yoshimura Mako. Singapore: NUS Press, 2008. ———. “Introduction”. In New Perspectives on the Japanese Occupation in Malaya and Singapore, 1941–1945, edited by Akashi Yoji and Yoshimura Mako. Singapore: NUS Press, 2008. ———. “General Yamashita Tomoyuki: Commander of the Twenty-Fifth Army”. In A Great Betrayal? The Fall of Singapore Revisited, edited by Brian Farrell and Sandy Hunter. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions, 2010. Akashi Yoji and Yoshimura Mako, eds. New Perspectives on the Japanese Occupation in Malaya and Singapore, 1941–1945. Singapore: NUS Press, 2008. Alatas, Syed Hussein. The Myth of the Lazy Native. London: Frank Cass, 1977. Allen, Louis. Singapore 1941–1942. Singapore: MPH Distributors (S), 1977. ———. Burma: The Longest War 1941–45. London and Melbourne: Dent, 1984. Allen, Richard. Malaysia: Prospect and Retrospect. London: Oxford University Press, 1968. Anbalakan, K. “Socio-economic Self-help among Indians in Malaysia”. In Rising India and Indian Communities in East Asia, edited by K. Kesavapany, A. Mani, and P. Ramasamy. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2008. Andaya, Leonard Y. Leaves of the Same Tree: Trade and Ethnicity in the Straits of Melaka. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2008. Annual Report of the Agent of the Government of India in British Malaya for the year 1927. Calcutta: Government of India Press, 1928. Annual Report of the Agent of the Government of India in British Malaya for the year 1932. Calcutta: Government of India Press, 1933. Annual Report of the Agent of the Government of India in British Malaya for the year 1933. Calcutta: Government of India Press, 1934. 18 TragicOrphans_Msia.indd 460 12/8/14 11:05 AM Bibliography 461 Annual Report of the Government of India in British Malaya for the year 1926. Calcutta: Government of India Press, 1927. Annual Report of the Labour Department, Federated Malay States, for the year 1933. Kuala Lumpur: Government Press, 1934. Anwar Ibrahim. The Asian Renaissance. Singapore and Kuala Lumpur: Times Books International, 1996. Arasaratnam, Sinnappah. Indians in Malaysia and Singapore. London: Oxford University Press, 1970. ———. “Political Attitudes and Political Organization among Malayan Indians 1945–1955.” Jernal Sejarah 10 (1971/72): 1–6. ———. “Malaysian Indians: The Formation of an Incipient Society”. In Indian Communities in Southeast Asia, edited by K.S. Sandhu and A. Mani. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1993. Ariffin Omar. “The Struggle for Ethnic Unity of Malaya after the Second World War”. In Multiethnic Malaysia: Past, Present and Future, edited by Lim Teck Ghee, Alberto Gomes, and Azly Rahman. Petaling Jaya: Strategic Information and Research Development Centre, 2009. Arumugam, K. “Tamil School Education in Malaysia: Challenges and Prospects in the New Millennium”. In Rising India and Indian Communities in East Asia, edited by K. Kesavapany, A. Mani, and P. Ramasamy. Singapore: Institute for Southeast Asian Studies, 2008. Aslan, Reza. No God but God: The Origins, Evolution and Future of Islam. London: Heinemann, 2005. Azly Rahman. “The ‘New Bumiputarism’ as Pedagogy of Hope and Liberation: Teaching the Alternative Malaysian Ethnic Studies”. In Multiethnic Malaysia: Past, Present and Future, edited by Lim Teck Ghee, Alberto Gomes, and Azly Rahman. Petaling Jaya: Strategic Information and Research Centre, 2009. Azza Basarudin. “Gatekeeping Will Not Stop Apostasy”. In Religion under Siege? Lina Joy, The Islamic State and Freedom of Speech, edited by Nathaniel Tan and John Lee. Kuala Lumpur: Kinibooks, 2008. ———. “Revathi has Made Her Choice Crystal Clear”. In Religion under Siege? Lina Joy, The Islamic State and Freedom of Speech, edited by Nathaniel Tan and John Lee. Kuala Lumpur: Kinibooks, 2008. Bajpai, Sir Girja Shankar (Secretary to the Government of India). Memorandum to the Honourable Colonial Secretary, Singapore, 1938. London: Memorandum No f-44/38-L&O, 1938, Oriental and India Office Collection. Baker, Christopher John. “Figures and Facts: Madras Government Statistics, 1880–1940”. In South India: Political Institutions and Political Change 1880–1940, edited by C.J. Baker and D.A. Washbrook. Delhi: Macmillan, 1975. ———. The Politics of South India 1920–1937. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. 18 TragicOrphans_Msia.indd 461 12/8/14 11:05 AM 462 Tragic Orphans: Indians in Malaysia Baker, C.J. and D.A. Washbrook, eds. South India: Political Institutions and Political Change 1880–1940. Delhi: Macmillan, 1975. Balaji Sadasivan. The Dancing Girl: A History of Early India. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2011. Baradan Kuppusamy. “Body Blow to Tolerance”. In Religion Under Siege? Lina Joy, The Islamic State and Freedom of Speech, edited by Nathaniel Tan and John Lee. Kuala Lumpur: Kinibooks, 2008. Barber, Noel. A Sinister Twilight: The Fall of Singapore 1942. Boston: Houghton Miflin, 1968. ———. The War of the Running Dogs. London: Fontana, 1971. Barlow, Colin. “Changes in the Economic Position of Workers on Rubber Estates and Small Holdings in Peninsular Malaysia 1910–1985”. In The Underside of Malaysian History: Pullers, Prostitutes, Plantation Workers, edited by Peter J. Rimmer and Lisa M. Allen. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1990. Baron, J.M. Annual Report of the Labour Department, Malaya, 1935. Kuala Lumpur: Government Press, 1936. Bayly, Christopher and Tim Harper. Forgotten Armies: The Fall of British Asia 1941– 1945. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2004. ———. Forgotten Wars: The End of Britain’s Asian Empire. London: Penguin Books, 2008. Belle, Carl Vadivella. “Thaipusam in Malaysia: A Hindu Festival Misunderstood?”. PhD dissertation, Deakin University, 2004. ———. “Forgotten Malaysians? Indians and Malaysian Society”. In Tracing an Indian Diaspora: Contexts, Memories, Representations, edited by Parvati Raghuram, Ajaya Kumar Sahoo, Brij Maharaj, and Dave Sangha. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 2008. ———. “Indian Hindu Resurgence in Malaysia”. In Rising India and Indian Communities in East Asia, edited by K. Kesavapany, A. Mani, and P. Ramasamy. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2008. ———. The Development of Indian Political Consciousness in Malaysia: Colonialism, Nationalism and Subhas Chandra Bose, CSID Paper No. 4. Hyderabad: Centre for the Study of the Indian Diaspora, University of Hyderabad, 2009. Bilainkin, George. Hail Penang! Being a Narrative of Comedies and Tragedies in a Tropical Outpost, among Europeans, Chinese, Malays and Indians. Penang: Areca Books, 2010 (1932).
Recommended publications
  • An Examination of Regional Views on South Asian Co-Operation with Special Reference to Development and Security Perspectives in India and Shri Lanka

    An Examination of Regional Views on South Asian Co-Operation with Special Reference to Development and Security Perspectives in India and Shri Lanka

    INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI University Microfilms International A Bell & Howell Information Company 300 Northi Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 313/761-4700 800/521-0600 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
  • The Malay Language 'Pantun' of Melaka Chetti Indians in Malaysia

    The Malay Language 'Pantun' of Melaka Chetti Indians in Malaysia

    International Journal of Comparative Literature & Translation Studies ISSN: 2202-9451 www.ijclts.aiac.org.au The Malay Language ‘Pantun’ of Melaka Chetti Indians in Malaysia: Malay Worldview, Lived Experiences and Hybrid Identity Airil Haimi Mohd Adnan*, Indrani Arunasalam Sathasivam Pillay Academy of Language Studies,, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Perak Branch, Seri Iskandar Campus, 32610 State of Perak, Malaysia Corresponding Author: Airil Haimi Mohd Adnan, E-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history The Melaka Chetti Indians are a small community of ‘peranakan’ (Malay meaning ‘locally born’) Received: January 26, 2020 people in Malaysia. The Melaka Chettis are descendants of traders from the Indian subcontinent Accepted: March 21, 2020 who married local women, mostly during the time of the Melaka Malay Empire from the 1400s Published: April 30, 2020 to 1500s. The Melaka Chettis adopted the local lingua franca ‘bahasa Melayu’ or Malay as Volume: 8 Issue: 2 their first language together with the ‘adat’ (Malay meaning ‘customs’) of the Malay people, their traditional mannerisms and also their literary prowess. Not only did the Melaka Chettis successfully adopted the literary traditions of the Malay people, they also adapted these arts Conflicts of interest: None forms to become part of their own unique hybrid identities based on their worldviews and lived Funding: This empirical research proj- experiences within the Malay Peninsula or more famously known as the Golden Chersonese / ect was made possible by the
  • Research Report | 2016

    Research Report | 2016

    RESEARCH REPORT | 2016 CONTENTS Introduction 01 Collaborative Doctoral Partnership 02 Research projects 05 Publications and advice 08 Exhibitions 11 Conferences, lectures and talks 13 INTRODUCTION 2016 was a further busy year, with our staff and PhD students involved in research across a wide spectrum of activities. Our first Arts and Humanities Research Council-funded international network, Listening to the World, which sought to establish the academic value of the BBC Monitoring Service transcript collection, showed us how invigorating such networks can be. The project concluded with the firm conviction on the part of all participants that the collection was indeed of huge value, and our webpages now carry papers and filmed interviews with the participating academics explaining why this is the case. It was especially rewarding - a few months after our project had finished - to take part in Dr Simon Potter’s workshop Connecting the Wireless World (under the auspices of a newly-awarded Leverhulme Trust research network) run by Bristol and York universities, with which we found a lot of shared interest. A joint publication drawing on both projects will appear as a Media History special issue on radio-monitoring in 2019. A restructure at IWM has seen our curatorial staff and historians redistributed into four new teams – broadly First World War, Second World War, Cold War and late 20th Century, and Contemporary. With fresh thinking on historical topics now made easier through co-locating subject specialists in this way, new possibilities arise, and meeting and talking to those teams was a key feature of 2016. The new Public Engagement and Learning Department has also produced a new and innovative approach to public programming, with themed seasons across all IWM sites now the backbone of the public programme, and we anticipate that the planning of such seasons will produce rich opportunities for research projects.
  • Reassessing the Origins of the Cold War in Southeast Asia, 10-11 July

    Reassessing the Origins of the Cold War in Southeast Asia, 10-11 July

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Directory of Open Access Journals Kajian Malaysia, Vol. 27 No. 1 & 2, 2009 1948 AND THE COLD WAR IN MALAYA: SAMPLINGS OF MALAY REACTIONS Abdul Rahman Haji Ismail School of Humanities Universiti Sains Malaysia Malaysia [email protected] This paper is a preliminary report of an on-going research on the reactions of the Malays in Malaya to the coming of the Cold War to the region, with particular reference to the importance of the year 1948. For the majority of the Malays, the Cold War was most popularly associated with the Emergency, which British authorities had declared in the effort to quell the armed uprising mounted by the MCP. The vast majority of Malays in Malaya were not interested in the on-going Cold War between the Western bloc led by the United States on the side the Eastern bloc led by the Soviet Union on the other. The preoccupations of the Malays during the immediate post-Pacific War period was nationalism and the concomitant effort to gain independence for Malaya from Britain. In particular, they had been rather anxious that the Malays, who were the native of the land, were not robbed of the custodianship over Malaya and political privileges of the Malays in independent Malaya. Consumed with these issues, the Malays had little interests in external affairs. It was perhaps the lack of Malay support that foredoomed the fate of communism in Malaya. Keywords: Cold War in Malaya, 1948, Malay reactions, Malayan Union, Malay Nationalist Party
  • View the Table of Contents for This Issue: Https

    View the Table of Contents for This Issue: Https

    http://englishkyoto-seas.org/ View the table of contents for this issue: https://englishkyoto-seas.org/2018/12/vol-7-no-3-of-southeast-asian-studies/ Subscriptions: http://englishkyoto-seas.org/mailing-list/ For permissions, please send an e-mail to: [email protected] SOUTHEAST ASIAN STUDIES Vol. 7, No. 3 December 2018 CONTENTS Divides and Dissent: Malaysian Politics 60 Years after Merdeka Guest Editor: KHOO Boo Teik KHOO Boo Teik Preface ....................................................................................................(269) KHOO Boo Teik Introduction: A Moment to Mull, a Call to Critique ............................(271) ABDUL RAHMAN Ethnicity and Class: Divides and Dissent Embong in Malaysian Studies .........................................................................(281) Jeff TAN Rents, Accumulation, and Conflict in Malaysia ...................................(309) FAISAL S. Hazis Domination, Contestation, and Accommodation: 54 Years of Sabah and Sarawak in Malaysia ....................................(341) AHMAD FAUZI Shifting Trends of Islamism and Islamist Practices Abdul Hamid in Malaysia, 1957–2017 .....................................................................(363) Azmi SHAROM Law and the Judiciary: Divides and Dissent in Malaysia ....................(391) MAZNAH Mohamad Getting More Women into Politics under One-Party Dominance: Collaboration, Clientelism, and Coalition Building in the Determination of Women’s Representation in Malaysia .........................................................................................(415)
  • Identity and Language of Tamil Community in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges

    Identity and Language of Tamil Community in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges

    DOI: 10.7763/IPEDR. 2012. V48. 17 Identity and Language of Tamil Community in Malaysia: Issues and Challenges + + + M. Rajantheran1 , Balakrishnan Muniapan2 and G. Manickam Govindaraju3 1Indian Studies Department, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Swinburne University of Technology, Sarawak, Malaysia 3School of Communication, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia Abstract. Malaysia’s ruling party came under scrutiny in the 2008 general election for the inability to resolve pressing issues confronted by the minority Malaysian Indian community. Some of the issues include unequal distribution of income, religion, education as well as unequal job opportunity. The ruling party’s affirmation came under critical situation again when the ruling government decided against recognising Tamil language as a subject for the major examination (SPM) in Malaysia. This move drew dissatisfaction among Indians, especially the Tamil community because it is considered as a move to destroy the identity of Tamils. Utilising social theory, this paper looks into the fundamentals of the language and the repercussion of this move by Malaysian government and the effect to the Malaysian Indians identity. Keywords: Identity, Tamil, Education, Marginalisation. 1. Introduction Concepts of identity and community had been long debated in the arena of sociology, anthropology and social philosophy. Every community has distinctive identities that are based upon values, attitudes, beliefs and norms. All identities emerge within a system of social relations and representations (Guibernau, 2007). Identity of a community is largely related to the race it represents. Race matters because it is one of the ways to distinguish and segregate people besides being a heated political matter (Higginbotham, 2006).
  • Rashid Maidin Meninggal Dunia

    Rashid Maidin Meninggal Dunia

    Rashid Maidin meninggal dunia BANGKOK 1 Sept. - Bekas pe- tuai Chin Peng. mimpin kanan Parti Komunis Ma- Rashid juga merupakan ang• laya (PKM) yang dibubarkan, Ra- gota dalam delegasi PKM ke Bri• shid Maidin (gambar) meninggal tish Empire Cbromunist Parties! dunia pada usia 88 tahun di Sesa- Conference 1947 di London. khoon, sebuah perkampungan di Pada 1989, beliau turut serta Narathiwat, Selatan Thai hari ini - semasa rundingan damai di Ha- sehari selepas Malaysia menyam- tyai antara PKM dengan kerajaan but ulang tahun kemerdekaan Malaysia dan kerajaan Thailand ke-4.9. yang membawa kepada penama-j Menurut jurucakap, tentera tan perjuangan bersenjata PKM. Thai, allahyarham menghembus- Selepas perjanjian dengan ke• kan nafas terakhir pada kira-kira rajaan Malaysia di Hatyai itu, pukul 9 pagi kerana sakit tua di Rashid menetap di perkampu• rumah anak bongsunya, Kama- ngan yang dinamakan "Perkam• riah, dan dikebumikan di situ sele- pungan Malaysia" di sempadan pas solat Jumaat. Thai. Rashid menyertai PKM pada ta- Memoir Rashid Maidin "Da- hun 1951 dan sebelum itu menjadi anggota ripada Perjuangan Bersenjata Kepada Perda- jawatankuasa pusat Parti Kebangsaan Melayu maian" yang merupakan koleksi peribadi be• Malaya (PKMM) bersama beberapa orang na- liau, menunjukkan Rashid fasih tiga bahasa. sionalis Melayu seperti Ishak Haji Mohamad Sementara itu, Kamariah, 40, ketika menghu- 1 (Pak Sako), Ahmad Boestamam dan Abdullah bungi Bernama berkata, bapanya menghidap CD di Perak. sakit tua sejak enam bulan lalu dan pernah Rashid diberi kepercayaan oleh setiausaha menerima rawatan di Hospital Narathiwat. dan pemimpin utama PKM, Chin Peng untuk Allahyarham meninggalkan lima anak mela- memimpin Regimen ke-10 PKM di Bentong, lui dua perkahwinannya iaitu Johan Ariff, 69, Pahang.
  • Warisan Alam Dan Budaya

    Warisan Alam Dan Budaya

    Kajian Malaysia, Vol. 33, Supp. 2, 2015, 1–25 THE NORTHERN REGION OF PENINSULAR MALAYSIA: HISTORICAL HERITAGE AND NATIONAL IDENTITY1 Abdul Rahman Haji Ismail Formerly of the School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA Email: [email protected] The essay discusses the history and formation of cultural and political identities in the northern region which are of great significance since the early days. It examines the region's historical background and population composition, subsequent changes that had taken place through migrations from within and outside the region. It also looks at inter-ethnic cooperation between Malay and Chinese secret societies in Penang in the second half of the 19th century, publications and newspapers published in Penang and Taiping which were pioneered by the Peranakans (Jawi, Arab and Chinese) and how these contributed to political awareness among the Malays and other communities, educational development in the northern region covering English, Malay, Chinese and Tamil schools and the state of Perak as the centre of political activism including the Malay left and an Islamic party based in Gunung Semanggol. The essay is based on a careful reading of the myriad secondary sources on Malaysian history, politics, economy and culture. Keywords: northern region, historical background, cultural and political identities, education, publishing INTRODUCTION In this study, the northern region of peninsular Malaysia refers to the area that encompasses Perlis, Kedah, Penang and parts of Perak covering north Perak, Dinding and Manjung districts, Kuala Kangsar as well as the northern section of Central Perak and the Kinta district. The region comprises what is known since 2007 as the Northern Corridor Economic Region.
  • High Court of Malaya Should Allow Chin Peng to Return to Malaysia

    High Court of Malaya Should Allow Chin Peng to Return to Malaysia

    INTERNATIONAL CAMPAIGN BY THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF DEMOCRATIC LAWYERS IN SUPPORT OF CHIN PENG'S PETITION TO RETURN TO MALAYSIA Who is Chin Peng? Chin Peng, born Ong Boon Hua in the small Malaysian town of Sitiawan, Perak, in 1924, experienced the impact of the 1930’s depression on his family. As a teenager, he was drawn into student activism at his school. Many political changes were stirring in southeastern Asia at this time and Chin Peng read avidly, learning about exploitation of countries by colonizers and exploitation of laborers by industrialists. During the Japanese occupation of British Malaya from 8th December 1941 to 1945, Chin Peng was a guerilla fighter with the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM) which, nevertheless, decided to cooperate with British forces to defeat the Japanese. After the Japanese surrender, the returning British colonizers even nominated Chin Peng for the Order of British Empire, an award which he declined. For almost three years after the Second World War, the CPM under Chin Peng, by then its Secretary-General, actively participated in peaceful and democratic activities to oppose colonial rule and to secure independence for Malaya. In fact, the CPM was the first political party legally established in Malaya to demand independence and freedom, first from the British, then from the Japanese, and then from the British again. Other groups in Malaya were also seeking independence from the British including the Malay Nationalist Party (PKMM)-led Pusat Tenaga Rakyat (PUTERA), headed by Dr Burhanuddin Al-Helmy, and the All-Malayan Council for Joint Action (AMCJA), led by Tun Tan Cheng Lock, who had jointly declared a People's Constitution for an independent Malaya in 1947.
  • Black Europeans, the Indian Coolies and Empire: Colonialisation and Christianized Indians in Colonial Malaya & Singapore, C

    Black Europeans, the Indian Coolies and Empire: Colonialisation and Christianized Indians in Colonial Malaya & Singapore, C

    Black Europeans, the Indian Coolies and Empire: Colonialisation and Christianized Indians in Colonial Malaya & Singapore, c. 1870s - c. 1950s By Marc Rerceretnam A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Sydney. February, 2002. Declaration This thesis is based on my own research. The work of others is acknowledged. Marc Rerceretnam Acknowledgements This thesis is primarily a result of the kindness and cooperation extended to the author during the course of research. I would like to convey my thanks to Mr. Ernest Lau (Methodist Church of Singapore), Rev. Fr. Aloysius Doraisamy (Church of Our Lady of Lourdes, Singapore), Fr. Devadasan Madalamuthu (Church of St. Francis Xavier, Melaka), Fr. Clement Pereira (Church of St. Francis Xavier, Penang), the Bukit Rotan Methodist Church (Kuala Selangor), the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (Singapore), National Archives of Singapore, Southeast Asia Room (National Library of Singapore), Catholic Research Centre (Kuala Lumpur), Suara Rakyat Malaysia (SUARAM), Mr. Clement Liew Wei Chang, Brother Oliver Rodgers (De Lasalle Provincialate, Petaling Jaya), Mr. P. Sakthivel (Seminari Theoloji Malaysia, Petaling Jaya), Ms. Jacintha Stephens, Assoc. Prof. J. R. Daniel, the late Fr. Louis Guittat (MEP), my supervisors Assoc. Prof. F. Ben Tipton and Dr. Lily Rahim, and the late Prof. Emeritus S. Arasaratnam. I would also like to convey a special thank you to my aunt Clarice and and her husband Alec, sister Caryn, my parents, aunts, uncles and friends (Eli , Hai Long, Maura and Tian) in Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and Penang, who kindly took me in as an unpaying lodger.
  • Hindus in South Asia & the Diaspora: a Survey of Human Rights 2007

    Hindus in South Asia & the Diaspora: a Survey of Human Rights 2007

    Hindus in South Asia and the Diaspora: A Survey of Human Rights 2007 www.HAFsite.org May 19, 2008 “All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights” (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948, Article 1) “Religious persecution may shield itself under the guise of a mistaken and over-zealous piety” (Edmund Burke, February 17, 1788) Endorsements of the Hindu American Foundation's 3rd Annual Report “Hindus in South Asia and the Diaspora: A Survey of Human Rights 2006” I would like to commend the Hindu American Foundation for publishing this critical report, which demonstrates how much work must be done in combating human rights violations against Hindus worldwide. By bringing these abuses into the light of day, the Hindu American Foundation is leading the fight for international policies that promote tolerance and understanding of Hindu beliefs and bring an end to religious persecution. Senator Sherrod Brown (D-OH) Freedom of religion and expression are two of the most fundamental human rights. As the founder and former co-chair of the Congressional Caucus on India, I commend the important work that the Hindu American Foundation does to help end the campaign of violence against Hindus in South Asia. The 2006 human rights report of the Hindu American Foundation is a valuable resource that helps to raise global awareness of these abuses while also identifying the key areas that need our attention. Congressman Frank Pallone, Jr. (D-NJ) Several years ago in testimony to Congress regarding Religious Freedom in Saudi Arabia, I called for adding Hindus, Sikhs and Buddhists to oppressed religious groups who are banned from practicing their religious and cultural rights in Saudi Arabia.
  • Open LIM Doctoral Dissertation 2009.Pdf

    Open LIM Doctoral Dissertation 2009.Pdf

    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Communications BLOGGING AND DEMOCRACY: BLOGS IN MALAYSIAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE A Dissertation in Mass Communications by Ming Kuok Lim © 2009 Ming Kuok Lim Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2009 The dissertation of Ming Kuok Lim was reviewed and approved* by the following: Amit M. Schejter Associate Professor of Mass Communications Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Richard D. Taylor Professor of Mass Communications Jorge R. Schement Distinguished Professor of Mass Communications John Christman Associate Professor of Philosophy, Political Science, and Women’s Studies John S. Nichols Professor of Mass Communications Associate Dean for Graduate Studies and Research *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT This study examines how socio-political blogs contribute to the development of democracy in Malaysia. It suggests that blogs perform three main functions, which help make a democracy more meaningful: blogs as fifth estate, blogs as networks, and blogs as platform for expression. First, blogs function as the fifth estate performing checks-and-balances over the government. This function is expressed by blogs’ role in the dissemination of information, providing alternative perspectives that challenge the dominant frame, and setting of news agenda. The second function of blogs is that they perform as networks. This is linked to the social-networking aspect of the blogosphere both online and offline. Blogs also have the potential to act as mobilizing agents. The mobilizing capability of blogs facilitated the mass street protests, which took place in late- 2007 and early-2008 in Malaysia.