Social Strategies and Tool Use in Wild Corvids
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Western Gorilla Social Structure and Inter-Group Dynamics
Western Gorilla Social Structure and Inter-Group Dynamics Robin Morrison Darwin College This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2019 Declaration of Originality This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my dissertation has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. Statement of Length The word count of this dissertation is 44,718 words excluding appendices and references. It does not exceed the prescribed word limit for the Archaeology and Anthropology Degree Committee. II Western Gorilla Social Structure and Inter-Group Dynamics Robin Morrison The study of western gorilla social behaviour has primarily focused on family groups, with research on inter-group interactions usually limited to the interactions of a small number of habituated groups or those taking place in a single location. Key reasons for this are the high investment of time and money required to habituate and monitor many groups simultaneously, and the difficulties of making observations on inter-group social interaction in dense tropical rainforest. -
Animal Abuse As a Sentinel for Human Violence: a Critique ∗ Emily G
Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 65, No. 3, 2009, pp. 589--614 Animal Abuse as a Sentinel for Human Violence: A Critique ∗ Emily G. Patterson-Kane American Veterinary Medical Association Heather Piper Manchester Metropolitan University It has been suggested that acts of violence against human and nonhuman an- imals share commonalities, and that animal abuse is a sentinel for current or future violence toward people. The popular and professional acceptance of strong connections between types of violence is beginning to be used to justify social work interventions and to influence legal decision making, and so requires greater scrutiny. Examination of the limited pool of empirical data suggests that animal abuse is relatively common among men, with violent offenders having an increased probability of reporting prior animal abuse—with the majority of violent offend- ers not reporting any animal abuse. Causal explanations for “the link,” such as empathy impairment or conduct disorder, suffer from a lack of validating research and, based on research into interhuman violence, the assumption that violence has a predominant, single underlying cause must be questioned. An (over)emphasis on the danger that animal abusers pose to humans serves to assist in achieving a consensus that animal abuse is a serious issue, but potentially at the cost of failing to focus on the most common types of abuse, and the most effective strategies for reducing its occurrence. Nothing in this review and discussion should be taken as minimizing the importance of animals as frequent victims of violence, or the co-occurrence of abuse types in “at-risk” households. -
BRIDGET WILLIAMS.Pdf
This dissertation is submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Anthrozoology Walking With Wolves: An Ethnographic Investigation into the Relationship Between Socialised Wolves and Humans. Bridget Williams 2012 Master’s Degrees by Examination and Dissertation Declaration Form. 1. This work has not previously been accepted in substance for any degree and is not being concurrently submitted in candidature for any degree. Signed……Bridget Williams.……………………………………………………… Date …………30th March 2012………………………………………... 2. This dissertation is being submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of …Masters in Anthrozoology……………………………………………................. Signed …… Bridget Williams …………………………………………… Date ………30th March 2012………………………………………...………………………... 3. This dissertation is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by footnotes giving explicit references. A bibliography is appended. Signed candidate: ………… Bridget Williams ……………………… Date: ……………30th March 2012………………………………………...……. 4. I hereby give consent for my dissertation, if accepted, to be available for photocopying, inter- library loan, and for deposit in the University’s digital repository Signed (candidate)……………………………………….………….…………... Date………………………………………………….…………….…………….. Supervisor’s Declaration. I am satisfied that this work is the result of the student’s own efforts. Signed: ………………………………………………………………………….. Date: ……………………………………………………………………………... i. ABSTRACT Wolves -
Animals, Ethics, and Aesthetics: Expanding Lexicons Joni Doherty IDSVA
Maine State Library Maine State Documents Academic Research and Dissertations Special Collections 2015 Animals, Ethics, and Aesthetics: Expanding Lexicons Joni Doherty IDSVA Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalmaine.com/academic Recommended Citation Doherty, Joni, "Animals, Ethics, and Aesthetics: Expanding Lexicons" (2015). Academic Research and Dissertations. Book 12. http://digitalmaine.com/academic/12 This Text is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Collections at Maine State Documents. It has been accepted for inclusion in Academic Research and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Maine State Documents. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANIMALS, ETHICS, AND AESTHETICS: EXPANDING LEXICONS Joni Doherty Submitted to the faculty of The Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy October 2014 Accepted by the faculty of the Institute for Doctoral Studies in the Visual Arts in partial fulfillment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ______________________________ Lynette Hunter, Ph.D. Doctoral Committee ______________________________ Other member’s name, #1 Ph.D. ______________________________ Other member’s name, #2, Ph.D. October 8, 2014 ii © 2014 Joni Doherty ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii [I]t is clear that there is no classification of the Universe not being arbitrary and full of conjectures. The reason for this is very simple: we do not know what thing the universe is . We are allowed to go further; we can suspect that there is no universe in the organic, unifying sense that this ambitious term has. If there is a universe, its aim is not conjectured yet; we have not yet conjectured the words, the definitions, the etymologies, the synonyms, — Jorge Luis Borges “I prefer it ‘open.’” — Lynette Hunter iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is always an illusion to think that a work has only one author. -
Siracusa Erin 201809 Phd.Pdf
Effects of the social environment on the behaviour and fitness of a territorial squirrel by Erin Rose Siracusa A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Erin Rose Siracusa, September 2018 ABSTRACT EFFECTS OF THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE BEHAVIOUR AND FITNESS OF A TERRITORIAL SQUIRREL Erin Rose Siracusa Advisor: University of Guelph, 2018 Dr. Andrew G. McAdam Most organisms interact with conspecifics and therefore have a social environment. While it is understood that variation in the composition of this social environment can have important consequences for gregarious species, solitary, territorial species may also live in socially complex environments where the composition of neighbouring conspecifics can directly influence time and energy spent on territory defence. The importance of the social environment for solitary species is, however, poorly understood. In this thesis, I combined behavioural observations, field experiments, and long-term data analysis from a population of North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) to explore the effects of the social environment on the territorial dynamics, behaviour and fitness of an ‘asocial’ species. In particular, I looked at two aspects of the social environment that were likely to have important effects on territorial species: familiarity and relatedness with neighbours. In my first chapter, I established that squirrels living in social neighbourhoods with high average familiarity faced reduced risk of intrusion and cache pilferage from conspecifics, providing evidence of the ‘dear- enemy’ phenomenon in red squirrels. In Chapter 2, I experimentally demonstrated that red squirrel ‘rattle’ vocalizations serve an important territorial defence function by deterring conspecifics from intruding. -
Final Copy 2021 03 23 Morris
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Morris-Drake, Amy Title: Consequences of within- and between-group conflict in dwarf mongooses General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. Consequences of within- and between-group conflict in dwarf mongooses Amy Morris-Drake A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Life Sciences January 2021 School of Biological Sciences Word count: 48,443 Summary Conflict is rife in the natural world and is widely recognised as a powerful selective pressure in social evolution. -
Mungotictis Decemlineata) in Kirindy Forest C.N.F.E.R.E.F., Madagascar
Social organisation of the narrow-striped mongoose (Mungotictis decemlineata) in Kirindy Forest C.N.F.E.R.E.F., Madagascar Dissertation for the award of the degree "Doctor rerum naturalium" (Dr. rer. nat.) of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen within the doctoral programme Biology of the Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) submitted by Tilman Carlo Schneider from Göttingen, Germany Göttingen 2015 Thesis Committee Prof. Dr. Peter M. Kappeler, Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, Johann-Friedrich- Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Prof. Dr. Julia Ostner, Department of Behavioral Ecology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Members of the Examination Board Referee: Prof. Dr. Peter M. Kappeler, Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, Johann- Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Co-Referee: Prof. Dr. Julia Ostner, Department of Behavioral Ecology, Johann-Friedrich- Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Further members of the Examination Board Prof. Tim H. Clutton-Brock, PhD, ScD, FRS, Large Animal Research Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, UK Prof. Dr. Mark Maraun, Department of Animal Ecology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Prof. Dr. Stefan Scheu, Department of Animal Ecology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen PD Dr. Oliver Schülke, Department of Behavioral Ecology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Date of the oral examination: 8 December 2015 To Annicka CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 1 13 Social systems and life-history characteristics of mongooses Tilman C. -
Within-Group Consequences of the Risk and Occurrence of Between-Group Conflict in Crested Macaques (Macaca Nigra) James O Waterm
Within-Group Consequences Of The Risk And Occurrence Of Between-Group Conflict In Crested Macaques (Macaca nigra ) James O Waterman A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Liverpool John Moores University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy March 2021 1 Contents Contents ........................................................................................................... 1 List of Tables ................................................................................................... 4 List of Figures .................................................................................................. 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms .......................................................................... 7 Abstract ............................................................................................................ 8 Declaration ...................................................................................................... 9 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... 10 Chapter 1 ....................................................................................................... 13 General Introduction ........................................................................................................13 1.1 Intergroup competition ......................................................................................... 13 1.2 Crested macaques ................................................................................................ -
RICHARD DAWKINS-The Selfish Gene
RICHARD DAWKINS-The Selfish Gene. Ebook v1.0. 'Who should read this book? Everyone interested in the universe and their place in it.' Jeffrey R. Baylis, Animal Behaviour Our genes made us. We animals exist for their preservation and are nothing more than their throwaway survival machines. The world of the selfish gene is one of savage competition, ruthless exploitation, and deceit. But what of the acts of apparent altruism found in nature-the bees who commit suicide when they sting to protect the hive, or the birds who risk their lives to warn the flock of an approaching hawk? Do they contravene the fundamental law of gene selfishness? By no means: Dawkins shows that the selfish gene is also the subtle gene. And he holds out the hope that our species-alone on earth-has the power to rebel against the designs of the selfish gene. This book is a call to arms. It is both manual and manifesto, and it grips like a thriller. The Selfish Gene, Richard Dawkins's brilliant first book and still his most famous, is an international bestseller in thirteen languages. For this new edition there are two major new chapters. 'learned, witty, and very well written...exhilaratingly good.' Sir Peter Medawar, Spectator Richard Dawkins is a Lecturer in Zoology at Oxford University and a Fellow of Mew College, and the author of The Blind Watchmaker. Preface to 1976 edition This book should be read almost as though it were science fiction. It is designed to appeal to the imagination. But it is not science fiction: it is science. -
Reproductive Behaviour of Male Xylocopa Virginicaand the Influence
Reproductive behaviour of male Xylocopa virginica and the influence of body size, nestmates, and siblings on territory defence Lyndon B. Duff, B.Sc. Department of Biological Sciences Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario © 2018 Abstract Males of Xylocopa virginica are territorial like many other bee species. Males interact aggressively to displace other males from territories. Body size is known to influence resource- holding potential in many other taxa, and studies of bees suggest that body size is important for territorial males. Familiarity and the avoidance of kin competition are also known to influence territorial behaviours in other taxa but has not been studied in male bees. Recent evidence suggests that nestmate recognition occurs in X. virginica and there is also evidence for the avoidance of kin competition. This thesis tests whether body size, familiarity, and kinship influence territorial interactions using social networking tools. Around half of all males attempted to establish or defend a territory. Males that established or defended territories are larger than males that did not. Male body size has a weak positive influence on hover rates, related to holding territories, the number of hovering neighbours each male had, and the number of males each male chased or fled in defence of territories. I found no evidence to support that familiarity influences aggressive behaviours, but there is a strong correlation with the number of neighbours a male had and the number of males it chased or fled. Brothers estimated from microsatellite genotypes are no more aggressive to each other than to non-siblings. -
Animal Ethics at the End of Life
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2013 Care and Companionism: Animal Ethics at the End of Life Casie Jean Dunleavy The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Dunleavy, Casie Jean, "Care and Companionism: Animal Ethics at the End of Life" (2013). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 171. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/171 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CARE AND COMPANIONISM: ANIMAL ETHICS AT THE END OF LIFE By CASIE JEAN DUNLEAVY Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 2010 Bachelor of Arts in General Studies—Humanities, Central Washington University, 2010 Graduate Certificate in Bioethics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 2011 Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Environmental Philosophy The University of Montana Missoula, MT May 2013 Approved by: Sandy Ross, Dean of The Graduate School Graduate School Dr. Deborah Slicer, Chair Philosophy Dr. Jessica Pierce, -
Vocal Communication in a Tolerant Multi-Level Society: Insights from Signallers and Receivers in Guinea Baboons
Vocal communication in a tolerant multi-level society: insights from signallers and receivers in Guinea baboons Dissertation zur Erlangung des mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades „Doctor rerum naturalium“ der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Im Promotionsprogramm: Grundprogramm Biologie, der Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) vorgelegt von Diplom-Biologe Peter Maciej aus Finsterwalde Göttingen, März 2013 Betreuungsausschuss Prof. Dr. Julia Fischer, Abteilung Kognitive Ethologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH Prof. Dr. Eckhard W. Heymann, Abteilung Verhaltensökologie und Soziobiologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH Mitglieder der Prüfungskommission Referent/in: Prof. Dr. Julia Fischer, Abteilung Kognitive Ethologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH Korreferent/in: Prof. Dr. Eckhard W. Heymann, Abteilung Verhaltensökologie und Soziobiologie, Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH Weitere Mitglieder der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Julia Ostner, Forschungsgruppe „Social evolution in primates“, Courant Forschungszentrum „Evolution den Sozialverhaltens“ Prof. Dr. Hannes Rakoczy, Biologische Entwicklungspsychologie, Georg-Elias-Müller Institut für Psychologie Prof. Dr. Dirk Semmann, Forschungsgruppe „Evolution of cooperating and prosocial behaviour”, Courant Forschungszentrum „Evolution den Sozialverhaltens“ Prof. Dr. Ralf Heinrich, Abteilung Zelluläre Neurobiologie, Schwann- Schleiden-Forschungszentrum Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 10.04.13 Contents CONTENTS Summary ...................................................................................................................................