Taxonomic Values of Pollen Features in Some Members of the Nigerian
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Systematics and Floral Evolution in the Plant Genus Garcinia (Clusiaceae) Patrick Wayne Sweeney University of Missouri-St
University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Dissertations UMSL Graduate Works 7-30-2008 Systematics and Floral Evolution in the Plant Genus Garcinia (Clusiaceae) Patrick Wayne Sweeney University of Missouri-St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Sweeney, Patrick Wayne, "Systematics and Floral Evolution in the Plant Genus Garcinia (Clusiaceae)" (2008). Dissertations. 539. https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation/539 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the UMSL Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SYSTEMATICS AND FLORAL EVOLUTION IN THE PLANT GENUS GARCINIA (CLUSIACEAE) by PATRICK WAYNE SWEENEY M.S. Botany, University of Georgia, 1999 B.S. Biology, Georgia Southern University, 1994 A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Graduate School of the UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI- ST. LOUIS In partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in BIOLOGY with an emphasis in Plant Systematics November, 2007 Advisory Committee Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Ph.D. Peter F. Stevens, Ph.D. P. Mick Richardson, Ph.D. Barbara A. Schaal, Ph.D. © Copyright 2007 by Patrick Wayne Sweeney All Rights Reserved Sweeney, Patrick, 2007, UMSL, p. 2 Dissertation Abstract The pantropical genus Garcinia (Clusiaceae), a group comprised of more than 250 species of dioecious trees and shrubs, is a common component of lowland tropical forests and is best known by the highly prized fruit of mangosteen (G. mangostana L.). The genus exhibits as extreme a diversity of floral form as is found anywhere in angiosperms and there are many unresolved taxonomic issues surrounding the genus. -
Reproductive Biology of <I>Pentadesma
Plant Ecology and Evolution 148 (2): 213–228, 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2015.998 REGULAR PAPER Reproductive biology of Pentadesma butyracea (Clusiaceae), source of a valuable non timber forest product in Benin Eben-Ezer B.K. Ewédjè1,2,*, Adam Ahanchédé3, Olivier J. Hardy1 & Alexandra C. Ley1,4 1Service Evolution Biologique et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Av. F. Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels, Belgium 2Faculté des Sciences et Techniques FAST-Dassa, BP 14, Dassa-Zoumé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin 3Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques FSA, BP526, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Benin 4Institut für Geobotanik und Botanischer Garten, University Halle-Wittenberg, Neuwerk 21, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany *Author for correspondence: [email protected] Background and aims – The main reproductive traits of the native African food tree species, Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae), which is threatened in Benin and Togo, were examined in Benin to gather basic data necessary to develop conservation strategies in these countries. Methodology – Data were collected on phenological pattern, floral morphology, pollinator assemblage, seed production and germination conditions on 77 adult individuals from three natural populations occurring in the Sudanian phytogeographical zone. Key results – In Benin, Pentadesma butyracea flowers once a year during the dry season from September to December. Flowering entry displayed less variation among populations than among individuals within populations. However, a high synchrony of different floral stages between trees due to a long flowering period (c. 2 months per tree), might still facilitate pollen exchange. Pollen-ovule ratio was 577 ± 213 suggesting facultative xenogamy. The apical position of inflorescences, the yellowish to white greenish flowers and the high quantity of pollen and nectar per flower (1042 ± 117 µL) represent floral attractants that predispose the species to animal-pollination. -
Hypericaceae) Heritiana S
University of Missouri, St. Louis IRL @ UMSL Dissertations UMSL Graduate Works 5-19-2017 Systematics, Biogeography, and Species Delimitation of the Malagasy Psorospermum (Hypericaceae) Heritiana S. Ranarivelo University of Missouri-St.Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Ranarivelo, Heritiana S., "Systematics, Biogeography, and Species Delimitation of the Malagasy Psorospermum (Hypericaceae)" (2017). Dissertations. 690. https://irl.umsl.edu/dissertation/690 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the UMSL Graduate Works at IRL @ UMSL. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of IRL @ UMSL. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Systematics, Biogeography, and Species Delimitation of the Malagasy Psorospermum (Hypericaceae) Heritiana S. Ranarivelo MS, Biology, San Francisco State University, 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to The Graduate School at the University of Missouri-St. Louis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Biology with an emphasis in Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics August 2017 Advisory Committee Peter F. Stevens, Ph.D. Chairperson Peter C. Hoch, Ph.D. Elizabeth A. Kellogg, PhD Brad R. Ruhfel, PhD Copyright, Heritiana S. Ranarivelo, 2017 1 ABSTRACT Psorospermum belongs to the tribe Vismieae (Hypericaceae). Morphologically, Psorospermum is very similar to Harungana, which also belongs to Vismieae along with another genus, Vismia. Interestingly, Harungana occurs in both Madagascar and mainland Africa, as does Psorospermum; Vismia occurs in both Africa and the New World. However, the phylogeny of the tribe and the relationship between the three genera are uncertain. -
Plant Species Yielding Vegetable Oils Used in Cosmetics and Skin Care Products
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (1), pp. 36-44, January 2005 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB ISSN 1684–5315 © 2004 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Taxonomic perspective of plant species yielding vegetable oils used in cosmetics and skin care products Mohammad Athar1*and Syed Mahmood Nasir2 1California Department of Food and Agriculture, 2014 Capitol Avenue, Suite 109, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA. 2Ministry of Environment, Capitol Development Authority, Block IV, Islamabad, PAKISTAN. Accepted 17 November, 2004 A search conducted to determine the plants yielding vegetable oils resulted in 78 plant species with potential use in cosmetics and skin care products. The taxonomic position of these plant species is described with a description of vegetable oils from these plants and their use in cosmetics and skin care products. These species belonged to 74 genera and 45 plant families and yielded 79 vegetable oils. Family Rosaceae had highest number of vegetable oil yielding species (five species). Most of the species were distributed in two families (Anacardiaceae and Asteraceae) containing four species each, followed by seven families (Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae, Clausiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae and Lamaceae) containing three species each of oil yielding plants. Five families (Apiaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Malvaceae, Rubiaceae and Sapotaceae) have two species each of vegetable oil yielding plants. Two monocotyledonous families Arecaceae and Poaceae contained three species each of oil yielding plants. Remaining 28 vegetable oil yielding species were distributed in 28 plant families, which included two species of gymnosperms distributed in family Cupressaceae and Pinaceae. These vegetable oils are natural and can be used as the base for mixing ones own aromatherapy massage or bath oil, or if preferred can be used as ready blended massage oils or bath oils. -
The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé
Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) Spring 4-29-2013 The pS atial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest Marc Steven Fourrier Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Fourrier, Marc Steven, "The pS atial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest" (2013). All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs). 1043. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/etd/1043 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of Anthropology Dissertation Examination Committee: Robert W. Sussman, Chair James M. Cheverud Michael Frachetti Tiffany Knight Jane Phillips-Conroy Peter Richardson The Spatial and Temporal Ecology of Seed Dispersal by Gorillas in Lopé National Park, Gabon: Linking Patterns of Disperser Behavior and Recruitment in an Afrotropical Forest by Marc Steven Fourrier A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2013 St. Louis, Missouri © 2013, Marc Steven Fourrier Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................................................... VIII LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................. -
Systematic Values of Foliar Anatomical Features in Some Members of Nigerian Clusiaceae by Nnamani, C
Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: C Biological Science Volume 15 Issue 1 Version 1.0 Year 2015 Type : Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-4626 & Print ISSN: 0975-5896 Systematic Values of Foliar Anatomical Features in some Members of Nigerian Clusiaceae By Nnamani, C. V. & Nwosu, M. O. Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria Abstract- Foliar epidermal features of four Nigerian species of the family Clusiaceae were studied. This was with a view to exploiting their systematic and taxonomic values to aid their taxonomy. Representatives of the four species were obtained from various parts in Southern Nigeria and passed through standard treatments to make permanent anatomical slides for the study by light microscopy (LM). Micrographic evidences of distinguishing and affinity taxonomic features were recorded. Variations in stomata, epidermal and guide cells attributes were obvious and they could be used as systematic evidence to taxonomically delineate these taxa even at generic levels. Data accruing from this study could help to resolve the taxonomic problems in this family and confirm their identity. Keywords: epidermal features, trichome; anatomical, clusiaceae, nigeria. GJSFR-C Classification : FOR Code: 069999 SystematicValuesofFoliarAnatomicalFeaturesinsomeMembersofNigerianClusiaceae Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of : © 2015. Nnamani, C. V. & Nwosu, M. O. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Systematic Values of Foliar Anatomical Features in some Members of Nigerian Clusiaceae Nnamani, C. -
Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales) Brad R
Eastern Kentucky University Encompass Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research Biological Sciences January 2011 Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales) Brad R. Ruhfel Eastern Kentucky University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://encompass.eku.edu/bio_fsresearch Part of the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Ruhfel, Brad R., "Systematics and Biogeography of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales)" (2011). Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research. Paper 3. http://encompass.eku.edu/bio_fsresearch/3 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at Encompass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty and Staff Research by an authorized administrator of Encompass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HARVARD UNIVERSITY Graduate School of Arts and Sciences DISSERTATION ACCEPTANCE CERTIFICATE The undersigned, appointed by the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology have examined a dissertation entitled Systematics and biogeography of the clusioid clade (Malpighiales) presented by Brad R. Ruhfel candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and hereby certify that it is worthy of acceptance. Signature Typed name: Prof. Charles C. Davis Signature ( ^^^M^ *-^£<& Typed name: Profy^ndrew I^4*ooll Signature / / l^'^ i •*" Typed name: Signature Typed name Signature ^ft/V ^VC^L • Typed name: Prof. Peter Sfe^cnS* Date: 29 April 2011 Systematics and biogeography of the clusioid clade (Malpighiales) A dissertation presented by Brad R. Ruhfel to The Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Biology Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts May 2011 UMI Number: 3462126 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. -
(Ntfp) in Liberia
AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABLE EXPLOITATION OF NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS (NTFP) IN LIBERIA By LARRY CLARENCE HWANG A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Plant Biology Written under the direction of James E. Simon And approved by _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ _________________________________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey October 2017 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION An Environmental and Economic Approach to the Development and Sustainable Exploitation of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) in Liberia by LARRY C. HWANG Dissertation Director: James E. Simon Forests have historically contributed immensely to influence patterns of social, economic, and environmental development, supporting livelihoods, aiding construction of economic change, and encouraging sustainable growth. The use of NTFP for the livelihood and subsistence of forest community dwellers have long existed in Liberia; with use, collection, and local/regional trade in NTFP still an ongoing activities of rural communities. This study aimed to investigate the environmental and economic approaches that lead to the sustainable management exploitation and development of NTFP in Liberia. Using household information from different socio-economic societies, knowledge based NTFP socioeconomics population, as well as abundance and usefulness of the resources were obtained through the use of ethnobotanical survey on use of NTFP in 82 rural communities within seven counties in Liberia. 1,165 survey participants, with 114 plant species listed as valuable NTFP. The socioeconomic characteristics of 255 local community people provided collection practice information on NTFP, impact and threats due to collection, and their income generation. -
A Global Comparison of Plant Invasions on Oceanic Islands
ARTICLE IN PRESS Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 12 (2010) 145–161 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics journal homepage: www.elsevier.de/ppees Research article A global comparison of plant invasions on oceanic islands Christoph Kueffer a,b,Ã, Curtis C. Daehler a, Christian W. Torres-Santana a, Christophe Lavergne c, Jean-Yves Meyer d,Rudiger¨ Otto e,Luıs´ Silva f a Department of Botany, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA b Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland c Conservatoire Botanique National de Mascarin, F-97436 Saint-Leu, Ile de la Reunion, France d Del egation a la Recherche, Gouvernement de Polynesie franc-aise, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia, France e Departamento de Ecolog´ıa, Facultad de Biolog´ıa, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain f CIBIO-Azores, CCPA, Department of Biology, University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal article info abstract Article history: Oceanic islands have long been considered to be particularly vulnerable to biotic invasions, and much Received 3 April 2009 research has focused on invasive plants on oceanic islands. However, findings from individual islands Received in revised form have rarely been compared between islands within or between biogeographic regions. We present in 2 June 2009 this study the most comprehensive, standardized dataset to date on the global distribution of invasive Accepted 3 June 2009 plant species in natural areas of oceanic islands. We compiled lists of moderate (5–25% cover) and dominant (425% cover) invasive plant species for 30 island groups from four oceanic regions (Atlantic, Keywords: Caribbean, Pacific, and Western Indian Ocean). -
Allanblackia Oil: Phytochemistry and Use As a Functional Food
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16, 22333-22349; doi:10.3390/ijms160922333 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijms Review Allanblackia Oil: Phytochemistry and Use as a Functional Food Sara L. Crockett Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitaetsplatz 4/I, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +43-316-380-5525; Fax: +43-316-380-9860 Academic Editor: Maurizio Battino Received: 27 July 2015 / Accepted: 21 August 2015 / Published: 15 September 2015 Abstract: The consumption and commercial exploitation of Allanblackia (Clusiaceae) seed oils is of current interest. The favorable physicochemical characteristics of Allanblackia oil (solid at room temperature; high stearic acid content) lend food products that contain it (i.e., vegetable-based dairy products, ice cream, spreads) health advantages over others that contain higher levels of lauric, myristic, and/or palmitic acids, which can increase blood cholesterol levels. Such considerations are important for individuals prone to cardiovascular disease or with hypercholesterolemia. Domestication projects of several Allanblackia species in tropical Africa are underway, but wildcrafting of fruits to meet the seed demand still occurs. Proper species authentication is important, since only authenticated oil can be deemed safe for human consumption. The chemical constituency of Allanblackia seed oils, and potential roles of these phytochemicals in preventive strategies (e.g., as part of a healthy diet) and as pharmacological agents used to treat chronic disease were examined in this review. The primary and secondary metabolite constituency of the seed oils of nearly all Allanblackia species is still poorly known. -
Combined Morphological and Molecular Phylogeny of the Clusioid Clade (Malpighiales) and the Placement of the Ancient Rosid Macrofossil Paleoclusia
Int. J. Plant Sci. 174(6):910–936. 2013. ᭧ 2013 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/2013/17406-0006$15.00 DOI: 10.1086/670668 COMBINED MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF THE CLUSIOID CLADE (MALPIGHIALES) AND THE PLACEMENT OF THE ANCIENT ROSID MACROFOSSIL PALEOCLUSIA Brad R. Ruhfel,1,* Peter F. Stevens,† and Charles C. Davis* *Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA; and †Department of Biology, University of Missouri, and Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, USA Premise of research. The clusioid clade is a member of the large rosid order Malpighiales and contains ∼1900 species in five families: Bonnetiaceae, Calophyllaceae, Clusiaceae sensu stricto (s.s.), Hypericaceae, and Podostemaceae. Despite recent efforts to clarify their phylogenetic relationships using molecular data, no such data are available for several critical taxa, including especially Hypericum ellipticifolium (previously recognized in Lianthus), Lebrunia, Neotatea, Thysanostemon, and the second-oldest rosid fossil (∼90 Ma), Paleoclusia chevalieri. Here, we (i) assess congruence between phylogenies inferred from morphological and molecular data, (ii) analyze morphological and molecular data simultaneously to place taxa lacking molecular data, and (iii) use ancestral state reconstructions (ASRs) to examine the evolution of traits that have been important for circumscribing clusioid taxa and to explore the placement of Paleoclusia. Methodology. We constructed a morphological data set including 69 characters and 81 clusioid species (or species groups). These data were analyzed individually and in combination with a previously published molecular data set of four genes (plastid matK, ndhF, and rbcL and mitochondrial matR) using parsimony, maximum likelihood (ML), and Bayesian inference. -
Taxonomic Significance of the Occurrence and Distribution of Secretory Canals and Tanned Cells in Tissues of Some Members of the Nigerian Clusiaceae
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 (Paper) ISSN 2225-093X (Online) Vol 2, No.10, 2012 Taxonomic Significance of the Occurrence and Distribution of Secretory Canals and Tanned Cells in Tissues of some Members of the Nigerian Clusiaceae Catherine V Nnamani 1* and Maria O. Nwosu 2 1. *United Nations University, Institute for Natural Resources in Africa (UNU-INRA). 2. Department of Botany, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. *E- mail of corresponding auther [email protected] Abstract The occurrence and distribution of secretory cavities and tanniniferous cells in the tissues of four species of Nigerian Clusiaceae were investigated by light microscopy (LM), with respect to their taxonomic values. These species were Harungana madagascariensis (Lam.) ex Poir., Garcinia kola Heckel., Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. and Pentadesma butyracea Sabine. Results showed significant variations in the location, distribution and density of these micro-anatomical features in these species. Tanned cells and secretory cavities were observed in the epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, phloem and pith tissues of all the species except for H. madagascariensis . Correlation analysis between these variables were very highly significant at (P > 0.01) and correlated positively (r = 0.97), (r = 0.73) and (r = 0.75) for G. kola, A. floribunda and P. butyracea, respectively. Similarly, simple linear regression analysis were very highly significant at (p < 0.001) and positive with (r² = 0.96), (r² = 0.86) and (r² = 0.97) for G. kola , A. floribunda and P. butyracea , respectively, while these were neither significant non-positive for H. madagascariensis at (p < 0.447) and (r² = 0.17), respectively.