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Counter- Trafficking in Persons Field Guide

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Counter- Trafficking in Persons Field Guide COUNTER- TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FIELD GUIDE APRIL 2013 This publication was produced by the Center of Excellence on Democracy, Human Rights and Governance in the Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance within the United States Agency for International Development. CONTENTS Acronyms ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 4 Part 1. USAID Countering Trafficking in Persons Policy.......................................................... 6 Guiding Principles .............................................................................................................. 7 Programming Objectives .................................................................................................... 8 Implementation ................................................................................................................... 9 Part 2. Trafficking in Persons 101 .............................................................................................. 10 Overview of Trafficking in Persons .................................................................................. 10 How Does the United States Government Define TIP? .................................................... 12 Indicators That a Person May Be a Trafficking Victim .................................................... 14 What Is NOT Human Trafficking? ................................................................................... 15 Part 3. Policy Implementation by Objective .............................................................................. 17 Integration and Application of Learning Efforts to Combat TIP ...................................... 17 Annex A. Standard Language for Contracts and Cooperative Agreements .......................... 30 Standard C–TIP Language for Contracts .......................................................................... 30 Alternative C–TIP Language for Contracts With Specific Directives .............................. 32 Standard C–TIP Language for Cooperative Agreements ................................................. 32 Annex B. Roles and Responsibilities of USG Entities in Combating Human Trafficking .................................................................................................................................... 34 The President’s Interagency Task Force ........................................................................... 34 Senior Policy Operating Group ......................................................................................... 34 Principal Roles of USG Agencies ..................................................................................... 34 Annex C. The Human Trafficking Story in Numbers .............................................................. 38 Annex D. The Trade in Humans—Influences of Supply and Demand ................................... 40 Factors That Influence the Supply Side of Human Trafficking ........................................ 40 Factors That Influence the Demand Side of Human Trafficking ...................................... 41 Additional Factors That Contribute to Human Trafficking .............................................. 42 How Readily Are Trafficking Victims Identified? What Happens to Those Victims Who Fall Through the Cracks? ........................................................................... 43 Annex E. The Trade in Humans—The Actors Involved .......................................................... 45 Organized Criminal Groups .............................................................................................. 45 Individual or Small-Scale Trafficking Operations ............................................................ 45 Evolving Role of Technology ........................................................................................... 45 Annex F. Monitoring and Evaluation Considerations for C–TIP Integration ....................... 46 Annex G. Illustrative Results Framework—The 4Ps Paradigm ............................................. 50 Prevention ......................................................................................................................... 54 COUNTER-TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FIELD GUIDE i Protection .......................................................................................................................... 66 Prosecution........................................................................................................................ 77 Partnerships ....................................................................................................................... 82 Annex H. Health Care and Human Trafficking ........................................................................ 92 Annex I. Additional Resources ................................................................................................... 93 Prevention and Protection ................................................................................................. 93 Service Provision .............................................................................................................. 93 Referral Mechanisms ........................................................................................................ 93 Monitoring and Evaluation ............................................................................................... 94 Health ................................................................................................................................ 94 Partnerships ....................................................................................................................... 94 COUNTER-TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FIELD GUIDE ii ACRONYMS AFRICOM United States Africa Command ADS USAID Automated Directives System AO Agreement Officer AOR Agreement Officer Representative CDCS Country Development and Cooperation Strategy CENTCOM United States Central Command CEO Chief Executive Officer CO Contracting Officer COCOMS Combatant Commands COR Contracting Officer Representative CSE Commercial Sexual Exploitation CSO Civil Society Organization CSR Corporate Social Responsibility C–TIP Counter-Trafficking in Persons DCHA USAID Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance DHS United States Department of Homeland Security DRG Center of Excellence on Democracy, Human Rights and Governance (USAID) DO Development Objective DOD United States Department of Defense DOJ United States Department of Justice DOL United States Department of Labor DOS United States Department of State ED United States Department of Education EEOC United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission E&E USAID Bureau for Europe and Eurasia FAI Federal Acquisition Institute COUNTER-TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FIELD GUIDE 1 FAR Federal Acquisition Regulation FY Fiscal Year GCLMS Government of Ghana Child Labor Monitoring Systems GRETA Council of Europe’s Group of Experts on Action against Trafficking in Human Beings HHS United States Department of Health and Human Services ICE United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement ICITAP International Criminal Investigative Training Assistance Program (DOJ) ICMPD International Center for Migration Policy Development IDEA Office of Innovation & Development Alliances (USAID) IDP Internally Displaced Person IHR Institute of Human Rights ILAB United States Department of Labor, Bureau of International Labor Affairs ILO International Labour Organization IOM International Organization for Migration IQC Indefinite Quantity Contract IR Intermediate Results J/TIP United States Department of State, Office to Combat and Monitor Trafficking in Persons LIA Legislative Impact Analysis MARPs Most At-Risk Populations M&E Monitoring & Evaluation ME&L Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning MTV EXIT Music Television End Exploitation and Trafficking Foundation NGO Non-Governmental Organization NAP National Action Plan NRM National Referral Mechanism OIG USAID Office of Inspector General OPDAT Overseas Prosecutorial Development, Assistance and Training Program (DOJ) OSCE Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe PEB Procurement Executive Bulletin COUNTER-TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FIELD GUIDE 2 PITF President’s Interagency Task Force to Monitor and Combat Trafficking PPD6 Presidential Policy Directive 6 on Global Development (2010) PPL USAID Bureau for Policy, Planning and Learning PPP Public-Private Partnerships PRM U.S. Department of State Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration QDDR Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review SEE South-East Europe SPOG Senior Policy Operating Group SOCOM United States Special Operations Command SOP Standard Operating Procedure TIP Trafficking in Persons TRM Transnational Referral Mechanism TVPA Trafficking Victims Protection Act TVPRA Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act UK United Kingdom UN.GIFT United Nations Global Initiative to Fight Human Trafficking UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime USAID United States Agency for International Development USDA United States Department of Agriculture USG United States Government VoT Victim of Trafficking COUNTER-TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS FIELD GUIDE 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Trafficking in persons (TIP) is a global crime that involves the “recruitment, transportation,
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