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Inner Sound of Stroma, Pentland Firth (Scotland, UK)
3rd International Conference on Ocean Energy, 6 October, Bilbao An Operational Hydrodynamic Model of a key tidal-energy site: Inner Sound of Stroma, Pentland Firth (Scotland, UK) M.C. Easton 1, D.K. Woolf 1, and S. Pans 2 1 Environmental Research Institute North Highland College, UHI Millenium Institute Thurso, Caithness, KW14 7JD, Scotland Email: [email protected] 2 DHI Representative UK (Scotland) DHI Agern Allé 5, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark E-mail: [email protected] Abstract mutual influence of tidal ranges and phases between North Atlantic to the West and the North Sea to the As a result of significant progress towards the East act to setup strong currents [2] where spring tides delivery of tidal-stream power the industry is commonly exceed 5 ms-1 [3-4]. moving swiftly towards the deployment of pre- Seeking to capitalise on these unique conditions and commercial arrays. Meanwhile important sites, accelerate the delivery of large-scale tidal-stream such as the Pentland Firth, are being made available energy, in March 2010 the organisation controlling the for development. It is now crucial that we consider seabed in the United Kingdom, the Crown Estate, how the installation of tidal-stream devices will awarded leases for up to 600 MW of installed tidal interact with their host environment. Surveying energy capacity within the Pentland Firth-Orkney and modelling of the marine system prior to region [5]. An additional 200 MW is expected to be development is a prerequisite to identifying any awarded later in 2010 [6]. This announcement of the significant changes associated with tidal energy first large-scale deployment of tidal energy devices deployment. -
The Gulf of Mexico Workshop on International Research, March 29–30, 2017, Houston, Texas
OCS Study BOEM 2019-045 Proceedings: The Gulf of Mexico Workshop on International Research, March 29–30, 2017, Houston, Texas U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Gulf of Mexico OCS Region OCS Study BOEM 2019-045 Proceedings: The Gulf of Mexico Workshop on International Research, March 29–30, 2017, Houston, Texas Editors Larry McKinney, Mark Besonen, Kim Withers Prepared under BOEM Contract M16AC00026 by Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi 6300 Ocean Drive Corpus Christi, TX 78412 Published by U.S. Department of the Interior New Orleans, LA Bureau of Ocean Energy Management July 2019 Gulf of Mexico OCS Region DISCLAIMER Study collaboration and funding were provided by the US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Environmental Studies Program, Washington, DC, under Agreement Number M16AC00026. This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM, and it has been approved for publication. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the US Government, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. REPORT AVAILABILITY To download a PDF file of this report, go to the US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management website at https://www.boem.gov/Environmental-Studies-EnvData/, click on the link for the Environmental Studies Program Information System (ESPIS), and search on 2019-045. CITATION McKinney LD, Besonen M, Withers K (editors) (Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Corpus Christi, Texas). -
Sand Dunes Computer Animations and Paper Models by Tau Rho Alpha*, John P
Go Home U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Sand Dunes Computer animations and paper models By Tau Rho Alpha*, John P. Galloway*, and Scott W. Starratt* Open-file Report 98-131-A - This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this program has been used by the U.S. Geological Survey, no warranty, expressed or implied, is made by the USGS as to the accuracy and functioning of the program and related program material, nor shall the fact of distribution constitute any such warranty, and no responsibility is assumed by the USGS in connection therewith. * U.S. Geological Survey Menlo Park, CA 94025 Comments encouraged tralpha @ omega? .wr.usgs .gov [email protected] [email protected] (gobackward) <j (goforward) Description of Report This report illustrates, through computer animations and paper models, why sand dunes can develop different forms. By studying the animations and the paper models, students will better understand the evolution of sand dunes, Included in the paper and diskette versions of this report are templates for making a paper models, instructions for there assembly, and a discussion of development of different forms of sand dunes. In addition, the diskette version includes animations of how different sand dunes develop. Many people provided help and encouragement in the development of this HyperCard stack, particularly David M. Rubin, Maura Hogan and Sue Priest. -
Chapter 10. a First Look at Nunatsiavut Kangidualuk ('Fjord') Ecosystems
Chapter 10. A first look at Nunatsiavut Kangidualuk (‘fjord’) ecosystems Lead author Tanya Brown1,2,3, Ken Reimer3, Tom Sheldon4, Trevor Bell5 1Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC; 2Institute of Ocean Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sidney, BC; 3Environmental Sciences Group, Royal Military College of Canada, Kingston, ON; 4Nunatsiavut Government, Nain, NF; 5Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NF Contributing authors S. Bentley, R. Pienitz, M. Gosselin, M. Blais, M. Carpenter, E. Estrada, T. Richerol, E. Kahlmeyer, S. Luque, B. Sjare, A. Fisk, S. Iverson Abstract Long marine inlets that are classified as either fjords or fjards indent the Labrador coast. Along the moun- tainous north coast a classic fjord landscape dominates, with deep (up to ~300 m) muddy basins separated by rocky sills and flanked by high (up to 1,000 m), steep sidewalls. In contrast, the fjards of the central and southern coast are generally shallow (150 m), irregularly shaped inlets with gently sloping sidewalls and large intertidal zones. These fjords and fjards are important feeding grounds for marine mammals and seabirds and are commonly used by Inuit for hunting and travel. Despite their ecological and socio-cultural importance, these marine ecosystems are largely understudied. The Nunatsiavut Nuluak project has, as a primary goal, to undertake baseline inventories and comparative assessments of representative marine ecosystems in Labrador, including benthic and pelagic community composition, distribution and abun- dance, fjord processes, and oceanographic conditions. A case study demonstrating ecosystem resilience to anthropogenic disturbance is examined. This information provides a foundation for further research and monitoring as climate change and anthropogenic pressures alter recent baselines. -
Restoring a Degraded Gulf of Mexico
April 2012 | Visit: www.NWF.org/oilspill Introduction Three years after the Deepwater Horizon disaster, this report gives a snapshot view of six wildlife species that depend on a healthy Gulf and the coastal wetlands that are critical to the Gulf’s food web. In August 2011, scientists did a comprehensive health examination of a 16-year-old male bottlenose dolphin. This dolphin—dubbed Y12 for research purposes—was caught near Grand Isle, a Louisiana barrier island that was oiled during the Gulf oil disaster.i Like many of the 31 other dolphins examined in the study, Y12 was found to be severely ill—underweight, anemic and with signs of liver and lung disease. The dolphins’ symptoms were consistent with those seen in other mammals exposed to oil; researchers feared many of the dolphins studied were so ill they would not survive.ii Seven months later, Y12’s emaciated carcass washed up on the beach at Grand Isle.iii Ecosystem-wide effects of the oil are suggested by the poor health of dolphins, which are at the top of the Gulf’s food chain. The same may be true of sea turtles, which also continue to die in alarmingly high numbers. More than 650 dolphins have been found stranded in the oil spill area since the Gulf oil disaster began. This is more than four times the historical average. Research shows that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) components of oil from the Macondo well were found in plankton even after the well was capped.iv, v PAHs can have carcinogenic, physiological and genetic effects. -
Cynthia Winings Gallery
ROAD WArrIOR Swept Away We interrupt this magazine for OM C O. C a live feed directly from the Secretary of Defense’s house. HELL; POLITI C IT BY COLIN W. SARGENT M uring the Reagan presidency, everyone on Earth knew that Secretary of De- fense Caspar Weinberger (1917-2006) MILY CARTER E D kept a getaway place up in Maine. But it was more something imagined than ac- tually seen. Far fewer knew where it was, or how luxuriant it was, or that it was once owned by Mary King Auchincloss. Listed for sale this sum- HE KOWLES COMPANY; T mer for $2.15M, “Windswept,” built in 1910, en- joys a classic view of Somes Sound on Mount FROM TOP: Desert Island. Positioned to advantage at 584 SUMMERGUIDE 2 0 1 6 1 4 7 A Chat With Caspar W. Weinberger, Jr. Caspar Willard Weinberger, Jr, known as “Cap,” is the son of Caspar Weinberger, prominent statesman and, most notably, U.S. Secretary of Defense under the Rea- gan administration from 1981 to 1987. Cap’s mother, Jane Weinberger, was an author and publisher from Milford, Maine. Born in 1947, Cap studied at Harvard–his father’s alma mater–and earned a B.A. in Modern British History in 1968. He lived in San Francisco for many years, working as an award-winning producer, director, and writer of documentary films for an NBC affiliate. Cap settled in Mount Desert in 1997. Today he is a writer and lecturer, as well as running Windswept House Publish- ers, started by his mother in 1984. -
SUBMARINE CANYONS : DISTRIBUTION and LONGITUDINAL PROFILES By
SUBMARINE CANYONS : DISTRIBUTION AND LONGITUDINAL PROFILES by Francis P. SHEPARD and Charles N. BEARD. (Reproduced from Geographical Review, New-York, July 1938, page 439). In the recent discussions of submarine canyons (1) there has been a tendency to base con clusions on the characteristics of selected examples, such as the canyons off Georges Bank, without much regard for the facts that the canyons are universal features and that they are associated with all kinds of conditions. Information on the distribution of many of the canyons has not been generally available, and there is practically no information regarding their longitu dinal profiles. In discussing these matters it seems advisable to take the opportunity of naming the canyons in order to facilitate future reference to them. BASIS FOR CANYON NAMES. In choosing names for the canyons (Table I) the Writers utilized practically all names used on charts and by earlier Writers such as Davidson (2) and H ull (3). In general, if a canyon heads towards a river mouth, the name of the river has been given to it. For other canyons the name of some shore feature or of a town in the vicinity Was used. However, there are a number of canyons whose heads are so far from the shore that it seemed unwise to name them after shore features. For these canyons names of vessels Were used, vessels being chosen that had played some part in the exploration of the canyons. In the lists in Table I the names of these canyons are underlined. One canyon off Georges Bank was named Georges Canyon because of its nearness to the dangerous Georges Shoal. -
The Prairie Peninsula (Physiographic Area 31) Partners in Flight Bird Conservation Plan for the Prairie Peninsula (Physiographic Area 31)
Partners in Flight Bird Conservation Plan for The Prairie Peninsula (Physiographic Area 31) Partners in Flight Bird Conservation Plan for The Prairie Peninsula (Physiographic Area 31) Version 1.0 4 February 2000 by Jane A. Fitzgerald, James R. Herkert and Jeffrey D. Brawn Please address comments to: Jane Fitzgerald PIF Midwest Regional Coordinator 8816 Manchester, suite 135 Brentwood, MO 63144 314-918-8505 e-mail: [email protected] Table of Contents: Executive Summary .......................................................1 Preface ................................................................3 Section 1: The planning unit Background .............................................................4 Conservation issues ........................................................4 General conservation opportunities .............................................8 Section 2: Avifaunal analysis General characteristics .....................................................9 Priority species .......................................................... 12 Section 3: Habitats and objectives Habitat-species suites ..................................................... 14 Grasslands ............................................................. 15 Ecology and conservation status ............................................ 15 Bird habitat requirements ................................................. 15 Population objectives and habitat strategies .................................... 20 Grassland conservation opportunities ........................................ -
The Song of the Dunes As a Self-Synchronized Instrument
The song of the dunes as a self-synchronized instrument S. Douady°, A. Manning, P. Hersen, H. Elbelrhiti◊*, S. Protière, A. Daerr*, B Kabachi◊. Matière et Systèmes Complexes, Fed. Rech. CNRS & Univ. Paris 7, presently at LPS/ENS, URA CNRS, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France, and * PMMH, ESPCI, URA CNRS, 4 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France ◊ GEOMARID, Geology Dept., Université Ibn Zohr, BP 28/5, Cité Dakhla, 80000 Agadir, Maroc ° email : [email protected] Since Marco Polo (1) it has been known that some sand dunes have the peculiar ability of emitting a loud sound with a well defined frequency, sometimes for several minutes. The origin of this sustained sound has remained mysterious, partly because of its rarity in nature (2). It has been recognized that the sound is not due to the air flow around the dunes but to the motion of an avalanche (3), and not to an acoustic excitation of the grains but to their relative motion (4-7). By comparing several singing dunes and two controlled experiments, one in the laboratory and one in the field, we here demonstrate that the frequency of the sound is the frequency of the relative motion of the sand grains. The sound is produced because some moving grains synchronize their motions. The existence of a velocity threshold in both experiments further shows that this synchronization comes from an acoustic resonance within the flowing layer: if the layer is large enough it creates a resonance cavity in which grains self-synchronize. Sound files are provided as supplementary information. In musical instruments, sustained sound is obtained through the coupling of excitation and resonance. -
Avian Habitat Suitability Models for Puget Sound Estuary Birds
Avian Habitat Suitability Models for Puget Sound Estuary Birds EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Greater Yellowlegs. Photo: Mellisa James/Audubon Photography Awards Extensive habitat loss and ecosystem degradation Northern Pintail. These species were selected to associated with human settlement in Puget Sound help inform and tell the story of the complexity of estuaries has resulted in an untold decrease in avian habitat use across tidal gradients and seasons bird abundance and distribution. Protection and in Puget Sound estuaries. Our study used avian restoration actions associated with the Puget monitoring data from tribal, state, federal and NGO Sound Action Agenda, the state plan that charts partners, as well as community science data, to build the course for recovery in Puget Sound, have the separate habitat suitability models of occurrence and potential to benefit birds. However, meaningful abundance by season for the five narrative species. recovery of estuary bird communities in Puget Sound requires that we have a clear understanding Of the 21 environmental variables included in the of species status and trends, where and when models, the three that most strongly influenced they occur, and the environmental conditions and probability of occurrence included proportions human pressures that influence their occurrence. of estuarine emergent wetland, mudflat, and palustrine wetland cover. Where study species In this report, we present bird-habitat suitability occurred, relative abundance was most strongly models for five “narrative” species that represent influenced by survey effort (survey distance and unique niches associated with Puget Sound estuaries: duration), followed by proportions of agriculture, Brant, Dunlin, Greater Yellowlegs, Marsh Wren, and estuarine emergent wetland, and mudflat cover. -
THE INDIAN OCEAN the GEOLOGY of ITS BORDERING LANDS and the CONFIGURATION of ITS FLOOR by James F
0 CX) !'f) I a. <( ~ DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY THE INDIAN OCEAN THE GEOLOGY OF ITS BORDERING LANDS AND THE CONFIGURATION OF ITS FLOOR By James F. Pepper and Gail M. Everhart MISCELLANEOUS GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATIONS MAP I-380 0 CX) !'f) PUBLISHED BY THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY I - ], WASHINGTON, D. C. a. 1963 <( :E DEPARTMEI'fr OF THE ltfrERIOR TO ACCOMPANY MAP J-S80 UNITED STATES OEOLOOICAL SURVEY THE lliDIAN OCEAN THE GEOLOGY OF ITS BORDERING LANDS AND THE CONFIGURATION OF ITS FLOOR By James F. Pepper and Gail M. Everhart INTRODUCTION The ocean realm, which covers more than 70percent of ancient crustal forces. The patterns of trend of the earth's surface, contains vast areas that have lines or "grain" in the shield areas are closely re scarcely been touched by exploration. The best'known lated to the ancient "ground blocks" of the continent parts of the sea floor lie close to the borders of the and ocean bottoms as outlined by Cloos (1948), who continents, where numerous soundings have been states: "It seems from early geological time the charted as an aid to navigation. Yet, within this part crust has been divided into polygonal fields or blocks of the sea floQr, which constitutes a border zone be of considerable thickness and solidarity and that this tween the toast and the ocean deeps, much more de primary division formed and orientated later move tailed information is needed about the character of ments." the topography and geology. At many places, strati graphic and structural features on the coast extend Block structures of this kind were noted by Krenke! offshore, but their relationships to the rocks of the (1925-38, fig. -
Alternative Bank Protection Methods for Puget Sound Shorelines
Alternative Bank Protection Methods for Puget Sound Shorelines Ian Zelo, Hugh Shipman, and Jim Brennan May, 2000 Ecology Publication # 00-06-012 Printed on recycled paper Alternative Bank Protection Methods for Puget Sound Shorelines Ian Zelo School of Marine Affairs University of Washington Hugh Shipman Washington Department of Ecology Jim Brennan King County Department of Natural Resources May, 2000 Shorelands and Environmental Assistance Program Washington Department of Ecology Olympia, Washington Publication # 00-06-012 This project was funded by EPA's Puget Sound Estuary Program Technical Studies, FY 97, Grant # CE-990622-02, and administered by the Puget Sound Water Quality Action Team Recommended bibliographic citation: Zelo, Ian, Hugh Shipman, and Jim Brennan, 2000, Alternative Bank Protection Methods for Puget Sound Shorelines, prepared for the Shorelands and Environmental Assistance Program, Washington Department of Ecology, Olympia, Washington, Publication # 00-06- 012. ii Acknowledgements This report is the result of many conversations. Many people took the time to speak with us about different aspects of the project. They helped identify sites and set up field visits, supplied documents, explained aspects of project planning and construction, and commented on earlier versions of the report. We thank the following individuals: Don Allen, Seattle Parks SW District -- Cindy Barger, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers -- Bart Berg, Bart Berg Landscape, Bainbridge Island -- Ginny Broadhurst, Puget Sound Water Quality Action Team -- Bob