Sistrenites! March, 2006 Rastafari Newsletter Volume 3, Issue 03

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Sistrenites! March, 2006 Rastafari Newsletter Volume 3, Issue 03 SistrenItes! March, 2006 Rastafari Newsletter Volume 3, Issue 03 QueenQueen OmegaOmega Being the Balming Mistress of Many Worlds She Charges the Powerhouse Right Now. - The Promise Key Www.RastafariOnline.com Volume 3, Issue 03 From the Editor’s Tukul Page 1 Life has taught us that wisdom, knowledge and over- Inside this issue: standing are encoded within our DNA and written into the scrolls of our hearts. It is through man and womb- man’s desire that these treasures flourish and nourish Editorial page 1 the inner man. The bible bears witness that wisemind is of gentle voice, for her ways are pleasant; even while she tests a person’s Irits for loyalty and humility. Her Celebrating the 2-3 treasures make Rulers out of man and Ivine Nurturers Life of and Healers out of woman. For these reasons, Itege Menen wisemind will not give tarry with the foolish nor be- stow her precious pearls upon the unworthy. HIM Haile 4 Wisemind is like a seed which germinates in the dark- Sellassie I Speaks ness of the womb, buried deep within the soil of one About Itege and ones soul. Mother Earth, herself, contains the soil Menen within which the seeds of life are sown. She bears the weight of Man, Woman and Child and is relied upon to give and give and give. Upon her we depend to sup- Queen Omega: 5 port the needs of man, woman and child so that we Our Mother, may fulfill the Word and be fruitful and multiply. Our Role Model Mother Earth keeps herself within the righteous order by Sis Khanysia and has never rebelled and therefore She is Itinually fertile. Ever faithful, she is loyal and thereby replen- Itege Menen 6-8 ished by the Hands of the Almighty; she does not want for anything and because of this, she does not require. Timeline Even when unconscious mankind abuses and misuses her she is able to fulfill her role and pass the beautiful Balming Mistress 8 harvest of her replenishment onto the Man, woman of Many Worlds, and child, from the beginning until Forever! She Charges the Much like I AM Irits which traveled above the waters amidst perfect darkness, life begets life within the calm, Powerhouse silent blackness of the womb. Even creation is birthed within the depths of the womb, in the perfect light, which is the fire, contained within darkness. Wombman has been blessed with the gift of participation in this In the Presence of 9 marvel of creation as she is a womb carrier; she is a Mother Earth and Daughter of the Most I – Rastafari. She, as a Righteous wombman, travels the paths of the unseen and visits the inner chambers. Her Majesty Let us keep aware that when man and woman were begotten in Africa, the mother birthplace and original Itege Menen: 10 womb of mankind, I AM said to the original Black man and wombman, “Go ye forth, be fruitful and multiply”. For this reason, all of creation supports the life within Mother Earth and Black Man, Woman and Child. For “As Sarah Was they are the seed carriers, the original nurturers of LIFE. And have held the Word within the DNA from that Abraham…” day up to now. Original concept of life- Ethiopia, Mother Earth, Birth of Man, Woman and Child; which is the concept of the original trinity. And so we come to a space of meditation within the month of March in which we rest our eyes upon Her Majesty – Itege Menen. Consort of the Most I. Mother of the nation. We sistren, in particular, look to the light of Her Majesty and we wonder within ourselves, “Who is this Wombman? What does She represent? What is Her true value and meaning to myself as a wombman and daughter of the Most I?” Due to the language barrier we, who do not yet overstand Amharic, have searched, sometimes in vain, for an abundance of written material about Her character, personality, thoughts and works. The little that we do have, we give thanks HIM. The sistren trading spiritual elevation are required to make a transition from the outward image of Her Majesty into the more internal Ites of perception, intuition and wisemind. We have to complete our search for Her Majesty from within. And as HIM would have it, through perfect wisemind and knowledge; it is my humble suggestion that this was perhaps the purpose of this destined journey all the while. Because as wombman, we most naturally rely upon our inborn intuition. Reasonings on Her Majesty will be continued throughout this Special Empress Menen March edition of Sis- trenItes, as it travels from page to page. I wish each and everyone a blessed and speedy journey to Mount Zion, all within HIM time. To Contact InI, Please Email: Give thanks HIM for this third year of production of SistrenItes Empress Menen Special Edition. Sistreniteseditor @Rastafarionline.com Sis Leah Bayaka Sellassie www.RastafariOnline.com Volume 3, Issue 03 Celebrating the Life of Itege Menen: A Biography Page 2 Empress Menen Asfaw (March 25, 1889 - February 15, 1962) was the The battle of Segelle). The circumstances of the marriage and how it wife and consort of Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia. Empress came about are allegedly detailed in the unpublished memoirs of Ras Menen was the daughter of Asfaw, Jantirar of Ambassel. He was a Imiru Haile Selassie, Emperor Haile Selassie's cousin and childhood direct descendant of Emperor Libna Dingel, through Emperor Ge- companion, who was party to the marriage arrangements and was lawdewos of Ethiopia and his daugther Princess Enkulal Gelawdewos intimately acquainted with these events. It is also detailed in the re- and this genealogy was deleted from the official history of Etege Me- cently published Amharic biography "Tafari Makonnen, Rejimu ye nen. However, the title of Jantirar has traditionally belonged to the Siltan Guzo" (Taffari Makonnen, the Long Journey to Power) by Am- head of the family holding the mountain fortress of Ambassel, and bassador Zewde Retta. Jantirar Asfaw was one of them. The account given in the Autobiog- On the other hand, her mother raphy of the Emperor, My Life and was Woizero Sehin Mikael, half- Ethiopia's Progress, mentions no sister of Lij Iyasu (Iyasu V), and previous marriage or children of daughter of King Mikael of Wollo. Empress Menen and no such order Woizero Sehin's mother, Woizero by Iyasu, but states only that at the Fantaye Gebru, was a direct de- age of 20, they were married by scendant of Emperor Susenyos in their own mutual consent, and de- the "Seyfe Melekot" line. Empress scribes her as "a woman without any Menen and Emperor Haile Selassie I malice whatsoever". When Tafari were the parents of six children: Makonnen became Emperor of Princess Tenagnework, Prince As- Ethiopia as Haile Selassie I, Menen faw Wossen (Emperor-in-Exile Asfaw was crowned as Empress at Amha Selassie I), Princess Tsehai, his side. Princess Zenebework, Prince Ma- konnen Duke of Harrar, and Prince Empress Menen was active in pro- Sahle Selassie. moting women's issues in Ethiopia, was Patroness of the Ethiopian Red According to both published and Cross, and also the Ethiopian unpublished reports, the then Wo- Women's Charitable Organization. izero Menen Asfaw was given in She was also patroness of the Jerusa- marriage by her family, to the lem Society that arranged for pil- prominent Wollo nobleman, De- grimages to the Holy Land. She jazmatch Ali of Cherecha, and bore founded the Empress Menen School him a daughter, Woizero Belaynesh for Girls in Addis Ababa, the first all Ali, and a son, Jantirar Asfaw Ali. girls school which had both boarding This first marriage ended in di- and day students. Girls from all over vorce, and Woizero Menen then the Empire were brought to the married Dejazmatch Amede Ali school to receive a modern educa- Aba-Deyas, another very promi- tion, encouraged by the Empress nent nobleman of Wollo. She bore who visited it often and presided her second husband two children over its graduation ceremonies. The as well, a daughter, Woizero Desta Empress gave generously, as well as Amede, and a son, Jantirar Gebreg- sponsored programs for the poor, ill ziabiher Amede. Following the and disabled. She was also a devoutly sudden death of her second hus- religious woman who did much to band, Woizero Menen's grandfa- support the Ethiopian Orthodox ther, King Mikael of Wollo ar- Tewahedo Church. She built, reno- ranged her marriage to Ras Leul vated and endowed numerous Seged Atnaf Seged, a prominent Shewan nobleman, sometime in late churches in Ethiopia and in the Holy Land. Prominent among these 1909 or early 1910. Empress Menen had no children by Ras Leul are the St. Raguel Church in Addis Ababa's Merkato district, the Ki- Seged. Ras Leul Seged was considerably older than Woizero Menen. dane Mehret (Our Lady Covenant of Mercy) Church on Mount En- Woizero Menen probably met Dejazmatch Tafari Makonnen at the toto, and the Holy Trinity Monastery on the banks of the River Jor- home of her uncle, Lij Iyasu. The rapport between the two may have dan in the Holy Land. She gave generously from her personal funds inspired Lij Iyasu to attempt to bind Dejazmatch Tafari to him more towards the building of the new Cathedral of St. Mary of Zion at firmly through marriage ties. He therefore arranged the separation of Axum, but did not live to see it completed and dedicated. Woizero Menen from Ras Leul Seged, and sent her to Harar to marry Dejazmatch Tafari Makonnen.
Recommended publications
  • Local History of Ethiopia an - Arfits © Bernhard Lindahl (2005)
    Local History of Ethiopia An - Arfits © Bernhard Lindahl (2005) an (Som) I, me; aan (Som) milk; damer, dameer (Som) donkey JDD19 An Damer (area) 08/43 [WO] Ana, name of a group of Oromo known in the 17th century; ana (O) patrikin, relatives on father's side; dadi (O) 1. patience; 2. chances for success; daddi (western O) porcupine, Hystrix cristata JBS56 Ana Dadis (area) 04/43 [WO] anaale: aana eela (O) overseer of a well JEP98 Anaale (waterhole) 13/41 [MS WO] anab (Arabic) grape HEM71 Anaba Behistan 12°28'/39°26' 2700 m 12/39 [Gz] ?? Anabe (Zigba forest in southern Wello) ../.. [20] "In southern Wello, there are still a few areas where indigenous trees survive in pockets of remaining forests. -- A highlight of our trip was a visit to Anabe, one of the few forests of Podocarpus, locally known as Zegba, remaining in southern Wello. -- Professor Bahru notes that Anabe was 'discovered' relatively recently, in 1978, when a forester was looking for a nursery site. In imperial days the area fell under the category of balabbat land before it was converted into a madbet of the Crown Prince. After its 'discovery' it was declared a protected forest. Anabe is some 30 kms to the west of the town of Gerba, which is on the Kombolcha-Bati road. Until recently the rough road from Gerba was completed only up to the market town of Adame, from which it took three hours' walk to the forest. A road built by local people -- with European Union funding now makes the forest accessible in a four-wheel drive vehicle.
    [Show full text]
  • Local History of Ethiopia
    Local History of Ethiopia Bur - Byenesho © Bernhard Lindahl (2005) bur, granitic inselbergs are a common sight, especially in the famous 'bur country' of Somalia; buur (Som) mountain, bare-topped hill; bu'ur (Som) squashes; bur (Som) 1. flour, powder; 2. foam, bubbles; 3. club, cudgel; 4. camouflage JBJ83 Bur (mountain) 04°21'/41°57' 199 m 04/41 [Gz] HFE... Bur 14/38 [x] Lowland area east of Aksum, written Buno by Alvares in the 1520s. JBH94 Bur Abbadale (area) 04/41 [WO] JBJ97 Bur Abri, see Bar Abir JCD49 Bur Adadle (area), cf Adadle 05/43 [WO] bur agar ..: Agar, female name same as Hagar of the Bible KCH61 Bur Agar Uen (area) 06/45 [MS WO] bur agole: agool (Som) mark, stain JBJ50 Bur Agole (area) 04/41 [WO] bur alle: buur Alle (Som) mountain of Allah HCF43c Bur Alle 05/39 [Gu] JBS14 Bur Buhusso (area) 04/42 [WO] JCD74 Bur Calane, see Bur Kalane JBS32 Bur Cheir, see Bur Keir JDK22 Bur Cul Gama, see Gama bur dati: dati (O) human placenta JCC26 Bur Dati (area) 05/42 [WO] JDR58 Bur Degamedu Win (B. Degamedou Uin) (area) 10/42 [+ WO] JDR67 Bur Degamedu Jer (B. Degamedou Jer) (area) 10/42 [+ WO] JCL28 Bur Devengedis (Bur Devenghedis) (area) 06/44 [+ WO] bur dibba: dibba (O) hundred JDK22 Bur Dibba, see Dibba bur dubei: buur dube (Som) mountain of the oven JCE17 Bur Dubei (mountain) 05°35'/43°57' 570 m 05/44 [WO Gz] HBM26 Bur Duras, see Burduras JC... Bur Egey (Bur Eghei) 05/43? [Gu] bur fik adale: fiiq (Som) litter /strewn on the ground/; 2.
    [Show full text]
  • VENEREAL DISEASES in ETHIOPIA Survey and Recommendations THORSTEIN GUTHE, M.D., M.P.H
    Bull. World Hlth Org. 1949, 2, 85-137 10 VENEREAL DISEASES IN ETHIOPIA Survey and Recommendations THORSTEIN GUTHE, M.D., M.P.H. Section on Venereal Diseases World Health Organization Page 1. Prevalent diseases . 87 1.1 Historical .............. 87 1.2 Distribution.............. 88 2. Syphilis and related infections . 89 2.1 Spread factors . 89 2.2 Nature of syphilis . 91 2.3 Extent of syphilis problem . 98 2.4 Other considerations . 110 3. Treatment methods and medicaments . 114 3.1 Ancient methods of treatment . 114 3.2 Therapy and drugs . 115 4. Public-health organization. 116 4.1 Hospital facilities . 117 4.2 Laboratory facilities . 120 4.3 Personnel .............. 121 4.4 Organizational structure . 122 4.5 Legislation.............. 124 5. Recommendations for a venereal-disease programme . 124 5.1 General measures. ........... 125 5.2 Personnel, organization and administration . 126 5.3 Collection of data . 127 5.4 Diagnostic and laboratory facilities . 129 5.5 Treatment facilities . 130 5.6 Case-finding, treatment and follow-up . 131 5.7 Budget. ......... ... 134 6. Summary and conclusions . 134 References . 136 In spite of considerable handicaps, valuable developments in health took place in Ethiopia during the last two decades. This work was abruptly arrested by the war, and the fresh start necessary on the liberation of the country emphasized that much health work still remains to be done. A realistic approach to certain disease-problems and the necessity for compe- tent outside assistance to tackle such problems form the basis for future work. The accomplishments of the Ethiopian Government in the limited time since the war bode well for the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Engineering and Family Tree
    Social Engineering and Family Tree Name Father/Mother Sons/Daughter Grandson/Granddaughter Sahle Selassie (husband) Wossen Segad/Zenebework Wugire (concubine) Derge Buzuneshe (wife) Haile melekot Menelik II Haile Mikael, Syfe, Amarkegne Tenagnework, Ras Mekonnen Bekineshe, Tinfyelesh HaileMelekot (husband) Sahle SelassieBezunesh Menelik Ijegayehu (wife) Adeyamo Tidenkeyalesh (wife) Menelik (husband)) Alitash (wife) Tewdrowes II/Tewbech Ali Bafona (wife) Tsehaytu (wife) Butle HaileMariam Wossen Regad Wodajo (m) Zenebework Mikael Abechi (concubine) Zewditu (f) Other concubines Shewa Ragad (f) Iyasu Mikael Ali Abba Bula Zewditu (female) Menelik/Abechi Araya Selassie Yohannes (husband) Guga Welle (husband) Ras Mengesha Yohannes/Selass Dimtsu Romanawork Kafay Welle Butle/ Seyum Mengesha, Tigray Shewa Regad (wife) Menelik Iyasu V Mikael Ali abba Bula (husband) Name Father Son/Daughter Grandson/Granddaughter Iyasu V (husband) Mikael Ali Abba Bula Romanework (wife) Mengesha Yohannes/Kafay Sebele Wongel Haile (wife) 13 more concubines Mekonne (husnabd) Welde Mikael Gudessa/Tenagnework Yeshemebet (wife) Ali Abba Jiffar/Wolete Haileselassie Romawork,Tenagework,Assef Giyogis a Wossen,Zenebework,Tshai,M okonnen,Saleselassie Mentewab (wife) Wale Butle Other unknown Yilma Mokennen Yeshework (concubine) Mikael Abba Bula/Fantayhe Itege Menen Asfaw 5 husbands: Dejazmach Ali, Sehin (wife) Fantaye husbad/Gabru Amede Ali, Aba Deyas, Ras Seged, Haileselassie Asfaw Janitirar (husband) Haileselassie (husband) Mokennen/Yeshemebet Ali Altayech (wife) Romanawork
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliographic Guide to Further Reading
    BIBLIOGRAPHIC GUIDE TO FURTHER READING The historical, memoir, travel, and technical literature on Ethiopia is immense and continually growing. A complete bibliography would require a very thick volume. Included below are most of the major books cited in the text. Journal articles, pamphlets and monographs are not included. Many worthwhile books from my own collection not specifically referenced in the footnotes have been added. Books in languages other than English, German, French, Italian and Portu­ guese are not listed. Among the most valuable sources for research on Ethiopia are the proceedings of the triennial International Ethiopian Studies Conferences (IESC), the most recent of which were held in East Lansing, Michigan in September 1994 and in Kyoto,Japan in Decem­ ber 1997. The former produced 2,372 pages of papers published as New Trends in Ethiopian Studies (2 vols. Red Sea Press, No. 1994). The latter resulted in 2,345 pp. of papers published as Ethiopia in Broader Perspective (Shokado, Kyoto, 1997, 3vols). The 14th IESC is scheduled to take place in Addis Ababa in November 2000. Many other volumes of conference proceedings have been published in Ethiopia and elsewhere during the past three decades. With only a few except­ ions, these have not been listed below. HISTORY AND CULTURE, GENERAL Berhanou Abebe, Historie de lithiopie d'Axoum ala revolution, Maison­ neuve et Larose, Paris, 1998. E. A. Wallis Budge, History ofEthiopia: Nubia and Abyssinia, Methuen, London, 192R David Buxton, The Abyssinians, Thames & Hudson, London, 1970. Franz Amadeus Dombrowski, Ethiopia sAccess to the Sea, EJ. Brill, Leiden, 1985. Jean Doresse, Ethiopia, Elee, London, 1959.
    [Show full text]
  • Abbysinia/Ethiopia: State Formation and National State-Building Project
    Abbysinia/Ethiopia: State Formation and National State-Building Project Comparative Approach Daniel Gemtessa Oct, 2014 Department of Political Sience University of Oslo TABLE OF CONTENTS No.s Pages Part I 1 1 Chapter I Introduction 1 1.1 Problem Presentation – Ethiopia 1 1.2 Concept Clarification 3 1.2.1 Ethiopia 3 1.2.2 Abyssinia Functional Differentiation 4 1.2.3 Religion 6 1.2.4 Language 6 1.2.5 Economic Foundation 6 1.2.6 Law and Culture 7 1.2.7 End of Zemanamesafint (Era of the Princes) 8 1.2.8 Oromos, Functional Differentiation 9 1.2.9 Religion and Culture 10 1.2.10 Law 10 1.2.11 Economy 10 1.3 Method and Evaluation of Data Materials 11 1.4 Evaluation of Data Materials 13 1.4.1 Observation 13 1.4.2 Copyright Provision 13 1.4.3 Interpretation 14 1.4.4 Usability, Usefulness, Fitness 14 1.4.5 The Layout of This Work 14 Chapter II Theoretical Background 15 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 A Short Presentation of Rokkan’s Model as a Point of Departure for 17 the Overall Problem Presentation 2.3 Theoretical Analysis in Four Chapters 18 2.3.1 Territorial Control 18 2.3.2 Cultural Standardization 18 2.3.3 Political Participation 19 2.3.4 Redistribution 19 2.3.5 Summary of the Theory 19 Part II State Formation 20 Chapter III 3 Phase I: Penetration or State Formation Process 20 3.0.1 First: A Short Definition of Nation 20 3.0.2 Abyssinian/Ethiopian State Formation Process/Territorial Control? 21 3.1 Menelik (1889 – 1913) Emperor 21 3.1.1 Introduction 21 3.1.2 The Colonization of Oromo People 21 3.2 Empire State Under Haile Selassie, 1916 – 1974 37
    [Show full text]
  • WSPC HIM Earthstrong 2011.Indd
    Greetings and Love. On this the 119th Earthstrong of InI Jah and King, Haile Selassie I, InI present the 2011 Earthstrong Edition of the Word Sound Power Collective Newsletter. The purpose of this newsletter is to highlight the ongoing need for Rastafari Elders’ welfare. The Ancients of Rastafari are reaching their twilight years and it is InI duty to protect them. May Haile Selassie I itinue to guide InI efforts. All glory be unto HIM! This issue is livicated to the memory and living legacy of Rastafari Ancients who have now become ancestors. Rest in Power; Ras Iration I, Bongo Iyahshem, Bongo Joslyn, & Sister Judith www.wordsoundpowercollective.blogspot.com www.wordsoundpowercollective.org Haile Selassie and children of the world www.wordsoundpowercollective.blogspot.com www.wordsoundpowercollective.org The University National Service Program has pointed the way. Today’s younger generation must maintain their ties with the people who are the bulk and backbone of the nation. The problem of the many must become the problem of the few, for only in this way can the progress we earn be lasting and real and of benefit to all. This very institution of Parliament is itself a striking example of the reshaping and molding of custom and tradition which has at every step marked Ethiopia’s development over the years. To serve in these Chambers, a man must possess high ability and demonstrated talents. Indeed, you Deputies must, in addition, have persuaded your constituents that you dispose of these qualities in abundance, for you owe your claim to sit in this deliberative assembly to their votes, cast in free and open elections.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiops Attack U. S. Legatio
    A ttirttffltnr E ttntfng VnraU l vxTDSDXT. XiiTii n sc Hoaa Company No. 4 o f the South A divorce WM grantod to Ura.l that will ba onnouncad aaxt Triik AVHBAffli DAELF OmOOLATION ntt'MVAYtUlil' ABODTTOWN Maachaatar Flra dapartmcot waa Ro m Rlsw FnntnlM of Hvtford TO CONCLUDE “ B D iO r ''’ineen of tha ragular play naxt fW tha Maath at April. IMS Faraeaat al 0 . fc Wai caUad twloa yaatarday afternoon from Michael PanUleo of Man chi Friday night will be eligible for the BariferS for Area. Both arara atfll alarma tor on tha grounds o f Intolerable spedal game. WATKINS ^PS., -I SomUiy Wnaa of Dalmaat Tha flrat at 3:80 eaUed tha com­ cruelty by Judge John A. C rneU In CAM S NEXT FRIDAT Flair taaicfct amt Tmaatart eealar pany to eatlngulab a Are that had Last night's winners at Tinker OfOURFORATXID 5 , 8 4 6 t m SM today from Naw York Superior Court yesterday after­ Hall were as foUewa: regular prlaea Msiabar at Ike A a«t la west portiaa toaight, ritokOy atartad in tha wooda n'aa. Arvlne , _ Uia Orlmto for a aaron-^ay noon. The divorce was not contest­ Margaret Fltapatrick, Mrs. Oeoige warmer TneaSoy. > Iniiaa to SEavana. place. Tha aeoond call came at 9:90 ed by Mr. PanUleo. Mrs. Pantaleo A . O. H. and Ladies' Anxiliary ROBERT K. ANDERSON Bai aaa af CNranlatlaiia. for a wooda Ara off Oardnar atraat WUllams, Irene McDonald, Mrs. Funeral DIroetev MANiTIESTER — A CITY OF VILLAGE C^ARM was rsprasentod by Attorney Vic­ to Brinff Series of Weekly James Baker, Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Anhang / Annex
    Anhang / Annex Tabelle I. Mitt/ere Niederschlagsmengen (mm) Table I. Mean annual rainfall (mm) Station Breite Hohe J F M A M J J A S 0 N D Jahres- (ON) (m) mittel (mm) Latitude A/titude Annual in metres Mean 1. Nakfa 16.40 1670 1.2 1.2 1.6 11.8 28.9 7.0 52.9 58.2 13.4 8.4 2.8 0.5 188 2. Mitsiwa 15.36 5 30.5 29.2 15.2 13.2 5.8 0.0 8.2 9.3 3.3 14.5 22.9 35.2 187 3. Agordet 15.33 633 0.0 0.0 0.2 4.0 12.0 27.2 103.1 138.8 38.0 4.1 1.2 0.0 329 4. Asmera 15.17 2325 0.9 3.5 7.8 30.0 45.7 40.3 179.4 178.8 30.1 10.3 15.2 2.2 544 5. Teseney 15.06 585 0.0 0.8 1.2 6.8 13.9 40.9 126.5 160.5 67.4 14.4 3.1 0.0 436 6. Aseb 13.01 11 6.7 3.7 2.7 1.2 0.1 0.0 13.9 8.9 4.2 0.6 0.4 15.8 58 7. Maychew 12.44 2300 8.6 15.2 85.5 94.1 46.4 8.5 194.9 263.2 95.2 23.5 4.2 19.7 859 8. Gonder 12.35 2200 5.2 15.8 43.7 63.7 73.0 169.3 379.9 365.9 124.8 45.7 20.7 18.0 1356 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Syncrisis: the Dynamics of Health: Volume VIII, Ethiopia Britanak, RA
    AGENCY FOR INTRNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FOR AID USE ONLY WASHINGTON. ). C. 20623 BIBLIOGRAPHIC INPUT SHEET A. PRIMARY I.SUBJECT Pbic ealt CLASSI- SECONDARY FICATION 8. Planning &Evaluation 2. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Syncrisis: the dynamics of health: Volume VIII, Ethiopia 3. AUTHOR(S) Britanak, R. A.; Davis, J. H.; Daly, J.A. 4. DOCUMENT DATE NUMBER OF PAGES 6. ARC NUMBER 1974 IARC pARC*. 7. REFERENCE ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS Office of International Health, Division of Planning and Evaluation, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, D.C. 8. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (Sponaoring Organization, Publlehers#Availability) (InDHEW publication No. (OS) 74-50004) 9. ABSTRACT Ethiopia isa poor country; economic, physical and trained human resources are exceedingly scarce. Nonetheless the Ethiopian government has been implementing a health program which first will develop a number of instruments to improve health and then integrate them into a single, coherent health agency. A national service to combat malaria and other prevalent communicable diseases is probably the most cost-effective action available to the Ethiopian. Lack of adequate environmental sanitation and frequent malnutrition represent the most important areas in which new program initiatives would exert the greatest impact on Ethiopia's health status. The development of teams of health officers, sanitarians, and community nurses isa key element in the provincial health system. Encouraging as these programs are, they are growing only very slowly, and their administration and management are particularly weak. And although these programs are important, priority might well be given to more active programs to reduce population growth, to extend health services to the rural areas and to improve environmental sanitation and nutrition.
    [Show full text]
  • Anglo-Ethiopian Relations: 1840-1868
    University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Student Work 12-1-1979 Anglo-Ethiopian relations: 1840-1868 Barbara in den Bosch University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork Recommended Citation Bosch, Barbara in den, "Anglo-Ethiopian relations: 1840-1868" (1979). Student Work. 438. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/studentwork/438 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Work by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Anglo-Ethiopian Relationsi 1840-1868 A Thesis Presented to the Department of History and the Faculty of the Graduate College University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts University of Nebraska at Omaha by Barbara in den Bosch December 1979 UMI Number: EP73076 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI EP73076 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Thesis Acceptance Accepted for the faculty of the Graduate College, University of Nebraska, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts, University of Nebraska at Omaha.
    [Show full text]
  • Addis Ababa University History of Radio Ethiopia from 1974 to 2000 A
    Addis Ababa University History of Radio Ethiopia from 1974 to 2000 A Thesis Submitted To College Of Social Sciences Addis Ababa University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History By Tsigereda Siyoum Addis Ababa 2019 Addis Ababa University College Of Social Sciences By Tsigereda Siyoum Approved by Board of Examiners ___________________ ______________________ Advisor __________________ ______________________ Advisor __________________ ______________________ Examiner __________________ ______________________ Examiner Table of Content Content Page Acknowledgement I Preface II Abstract III List of Abbreviations V CHAPTER ONE Background 1 1.1. History of Radio Broadcasting: In Global Context ……………………………………… 1 1.2. Historical Development of Radio Broadcasting in Ethiopia (1933-1974) ……………….. 5 1.3.Role of Radio Ethiopia During the Imperial Period 21 CHAPTER TWO Radio Ethiopia during the Derg Period From 1974 to1991 27 2.1. Institutional Transformation …………………………………………………………….. 27 2.2. The Nationalization of Private Radio Station ……………………………………………. 29 2.3. National Service and International Service 32 2.4. Regional Service 33 2.5. Medium of Transmission 34 2.6. Programs 38 2.7. Role of Voice of Revolutionary Ethiopia 45 2.7.1. Keeping the National Unity 45 2.7.2. The Propagation of Anti- White Minority Rule 60 2.7.3. Encouragement of Education 62 2.7.4. Promotion of Socio- Economic Development 66 CHAPTER THREE Radio Ethiopia from 1991-2000 71 3.1. Language Service 77 3.2. News Agencies 78 3.3. Research Based Programs 80 3.4. Ethiopia Radio Air Time Coverage 82 3.5. Ethiopian Mass Media Training Institute (EMMTI) 86 3.6 FM Service 87 Conclusion 90 Bibliography 92 Acknowledgement First of all, I would like to thank God, the beginning and the end of my life, for his countless providence throughout the course of my study.
    [Show full text]