Residential Development Trend Analysis in a Fast Growing Indian City
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International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015 Residential Development Trend Analysis in a Fast Growing Indian City Arati Siddharth Petkar Dr. J. E. M. Macwan Dhiraj L. Takkekar Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering Pune, S. V. National Institute of College of Engineering, Pune, Maharashtra, India Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India Maharashtra, India Abstract—Residential land use is predominant in any urban people of equal income group and various zones are formed area. Residential areas are divided into various zones depending accordingly. So it becomes important to understand the upon various characteristics such as connectivity, surroundings, relationship between various factors affecting the preferences availability of facilities and amenities, proximity to work place, of a particular family and character of a particular locality in community, infrastructure to name a few. Depending upon these the city or town. characteristics different zones in residential land use observes different scale and pace of development. The objective of the II. STUDY AREA study is identification and delineation of different Study Zones based on inventory and reconnaissance survey creating a base to PCMC, one of the fastest growing cities from Maharashtra carry out further research and field work. For analysis, state of India is selected for study purpose. It is situated near recorded data from building permission department for last the western margin of the Deccan Plateau on the leeward side twelve year is used which consists of details like total number of of the Sahyadri ranges and Western Ghats, 560 m above sea projects sanctioned in each zone along with area and land uses. level. The rivers Mula, Pawana and Indrayani form boundaries The study is limited to residential land use only. on three sides of the city. The city lies in the seismically active zone of Koyna Region, which is about 100 km. south of Pune. Keywords— Development Trends; Residential Location City is well connected by road, rail and air to almost all Preferences; Localities; Housing Location; Zone; Inventory important cities in India. Pimpri-Chinchwad is along the Survey National Highway no. 4 leading to Mumbai, the capital city of Maharashtra [1]. I. INTRODUCTION In PCMC more and more area is getting under A particular residential area often has a particular housing development in its limits to cater for increasing population. It typology and spatial arrangement arising out of it. It becomes has become difficult to provide infrastructure and other important to understand the relationship between various facilities to these areas and also it is difficult to control or factors affecting the preferences of a family and character of a regulate the development in any particular direction. Hence it particular locality in an urban area. It will help in analyzing becomes necessary to understand the current housing trends the various zones, zone wise development trend and type of and project future housing trends in order to prioritize the development in each zone since last twelve years. This study infrastructure development in any particular area. The study will help in formulating a methodology which will project area will be confined to the municipal limits of Pimpri- residential areas likely to be developed in recent future and Chinchwad. Various areas within Pimpri-Chinchwad have type of development that will be observed by them on observed different pace of development however, Study will preferences of urban dweller, which will have immense be focused on the Residential areas developed in last ten bearing while projecting residential areas in development plan years, areas recently under development and vacant residential proposals. This study aims at analyzing past residential land available. Fig. 1 indicates the location of PCMC with development trend in the study area forecasting future trends respect to India, Maharashtra and Pune District. in terms of projecting areas likely to be developed in recent future and type of development they will observe. The study A. Historical Development area selected is Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation Pimpri was basically established as a center for refugees (PCMC). Inventory survey includes the current housing from Pakistan. Industrialization in Pimpri area commenced scenario, number of projects sanctioned in study area in last with the establishment of Hindustan Antibiotics Limited in twelve years from year 2000 to 2012. 1956. The establishment of the Maharashtra Industrial There are many parameters by which any family gauges Development Corporation (MIDC) in 1961-62 considerably the buying or renting a house. The most important of all is facilitated industrial development in the area. The affordability. Along with this many social, socio-cultural, establishment of large-scale core industries has led to the socio-economic, demographic factors are responsible in growth of ancillary and small-scale industries in and around deciding location for housing. The commute from the work this industrial belt. The landscape in the region has seen place and availability of amenities and facilities also affects significant changes over the years with agricultural land the location of housing. A preference to the location of house giving way to enclosed factory campuses. Today, Pimpri- varies for people with different income groups and social Chinchwad is a major industrial centre of the Pune region and background. Many a times certain area is occupied by the of the entire country [2]. IJERTV4IS070477 www.ijert.org 675 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.) International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 4 Issue 07, July-2015 B. Demographic Profile III. SURVEY AND ANALYSIS Development of the PCMC dates back to the establishment PCMC is formed by merging adjoining villages from of industries such as Bajaj Auto and Telco, in the middle of time to time. The reconnaissance survey was carried out and the 20th century. The establishment of the Pimpri-Chinchwad based on survey analysis study zones are delineated. It is New Town Development Authority (PCNTDA) in the 1980s observed from the analysis of development trend that a helped the development of residential colonies in the 1990s to particular area has a typical type of development dominance an extent. With the booming IT and ITeS sector in over the other. Availability of various amenities and facilities, neighboring Pune in the 1990’s, Pimpri-Chinchwad has seen connectivity with workplace and city center, environmental large scale development of residential areas. PCMC has a and community factors differ from area to area. All these literacy rate of 90 % as per 2011 provisional census. Pimpri- factors lead to formation of particular character to an area Chinchwad has a sex ratio of 828 females for every 1000 which will then attract the suitable future development. There males as per Census 2011. More than 60% of the population are various factors which contribute for having a particular growth in Pimpri-Chinchwad has been on account of characteristic for an area. These factors can be categorized migration largely due to the employment opportunities into two parts Qualitative and Quantitative Aspects. While prevailing in the region [2]. 1991-2001 was an era of defining the study zones following Quantitative and manufacturing industries which led to population growth in Qualitative aspects were considered. PCMC due to Auto and Auto ancillary industries. 2001- 2011 was an era of IT industries which led to rapid growth in Quantitative aspects includes a) Location of zone with population of PCMC irrespective of relocation of some of the respect to major work places and city centre, b) Connectivity manufacturing companies outside PCMC boundaries. The by public transport like bus and rail, c) Availability of demographic profile of PCMC saw a gradual shift towards facilities like education, health and recreational within zone higher proportion of service professionals with higher income and d) Availability of Services like water supply, drainage and range groups compared to working class profile of 1990’s. security. Fig. 2 gives the population trend in PCMC in last four Qualitative aspects includes a) Environmental aspects like decades. congestion and pollution level in that zone, b) Social aspects includes if the zone is having historical background, type of co mmunity and socio-economic characters etc. A. Deliniation of Study Zone Delineation takes into consideration the existing village boundaries. A reconnaissance survey was carried out. It included observations made in the survey, development control regulations, availability of various facilities and amenities and also included opinions of the people, taken during housing survey. All areas are analyzed depending upon various Qualitative and Quantitative aspects mentioned above. It is observed that some of the adjoining areas share same characteristics. These areas are identified and grouped Fig. 1. Location of Study Area together to forms zones to create base for further research and field work. Nine such zones are identified and listed in Table 1. The Fig. 4 shows delineation of nine study zones. TABLE 1. DELINEATION OF STUDY ZONES S. Zone Designation Name of Village No. Name 1 Zone 1 Central Pimpri, Chinchwad,