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Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extract of Leaves and Flowers of Ipomoea Cairica
AAAcccaaadddeeemmmiiiccc SSSccciiieeennnccceeesss International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN- 0975-1491 Vol 5, Issue 1, 2013 Research Article PHYTOCHEMICAL, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF LEAVES AND FLOWERS OF IPOMOEA CAIRICA SHEFALI ARORA 1, DEEPAK KUMAR 2 AND SHIBA 2 1Departmant of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun (UK) India, 2Deapartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dolphin (PG) Institute of Biomedical and Natural Sciences, Dehradun (UK) India. Email: [email protected], [email protected] Received: 16 Oct 2012, Revised and Accepted: 29 Nov 2012 ABSTRACT Phytochemical, antimicrobial, and antioxidant investigation on the leaves and flower of Ipomoea cairica was traced in present investigation. Leaves and flowers of the plants were extracted with Methanol. Methanol Extracts of both leaves and flower of Ipomoea cairica were tested quantitatively for phytoconsituents. Methanol extract for both leaves and flower showed the presence of phytoconstituent Alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, phenolic compounds, proteins and amino acid, terpinoids and sterols and saponins. These extracts were further tested for their antimicrobial activity against the bacterial strains of Eschirechia coli (22 mm & 11 mm) , Klebsella pneumonia (11 mm & 10 mm) , Salmonella typhi (13 mm & 11 mm) , Bacillus subtilus (10 mm & 15 mm) , Staphylococcus aurius (08 mm & 13 mm) and the fungal strains of Aspergillus niger (16 mm & 14 mm) , Penicillum chrysogenum (20 mm & 18 mm) , Sacchomyces cerevisiae (25 mm & 21 mm) , Candida albicans (24 mm & 18 mm) of both methanol extract of leaves and flowers respectively . The results have shown that methanol extract of the leaves and flower of Ipomoea cairica showed very good activity against all the bacterial and fungus strains in comparison with chloramphenicol and ketoconazole. -
Comparative Biology of Seed Dormancy-Break and Germination in Convolvulaceae (Asterids, Solanales)
University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2008 COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY-BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES) Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan Jayasuriya University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Jayasuriya, Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan, "COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY- BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES)" (2008). University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations. 639. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/639 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan Jayasuriya Graduate School University of Kentucky 2008 COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY-BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES) ABSRACT OF DISSERTATION A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Art and Sciences at the University of Kentucky By Kariyawasam Marthinna Gamage Gehan Jayasuriya Lexington, Kentucky Co-Directors: Dr. Jerry M. Baskin, Professor of Biology Dr. Carol C. Baskin, Professor of Biology and of Plant and Soil Sciences Lexington, Kentucky 2008 Copyright © Gehan Jayasuriya 2008 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY OF SEED DORMANCY-BREAK AND GERMINATION IN CONVOLVULACEAE (ASTERIDS, SOLANALES) The biology of seed dormancy and germination of 46 species representing 11 of the 12 tribes in Convolvulaceae were compared in laboratory (mostly), field and greenhouse experiments. -
All Published Species from Floyd County Indiana MASTER LIST Updated 11 January 2010 ..W.E
All published species from Floyd County Indiana MASTER LIST updated 11 January 2010 ..W.E. Thomas Indiana University Southeast Herbarium JEF Includes: IAS proceedings, Annotated C.C. Deam, IAS Maxwell & Thomas I,II & III Indiana Status: SE=State Endangered ST=State Threatened SR=State Rare WL=Watch Listed ----------------------------------------------------- Acalypha ostryaefolia Riddell Acalypha rhomboidea (Raf.) Cooperr. [=Acalypha virginica var. rhomboidea] Acalypha virginica L. [=Acalypha virginica var. virginica] Acalypha virginica L. var.deamii Weath. SR (IAS Maxwell & Thomas) Acer negundo L. Acer nigrum Michx. Acer rubrum L. [=Acer rubrum var. rubrum] Acer saccharinum L. Acer saccharum Marsh. Achillea millefolium L. Achyranthes japonica (Miq.) Nakai (IAS Maxwell & Thomas) Actaea pachypoda Elliott [=Actaea alba] Adiantum pedatum L. Aegopodium podagraria L. (IAS Proceedings) Aesculus glabra Willd. Aesculus pavia L. (IAS Maxwell & Thomas) Agalinis purpurea L. [=Gerardia purpurea] Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Raf. [=Agalinis tenuifolia var. tenuifolia] [=Gerardia tenuifolia] Agave virginica L. WL [=Manfreda virginica] Agrimonia parviflora Ait. Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. Agrostemma githago L. Agrostis elliottiana Schult. Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerm. Ailanthus altissima Desf. Albizia julibrissin Durazz. (IAS Maxwell & Thomas) Alliaria petiolata Cav. and Grande [=Alliaria officinalis] Allium burdickii (Hanes)A.G.Jones [IAS Thomas & Maxwell 2009] Allium cernuum Roth. [=Allium cernuum var. cernuum] Allium sativum L. Allium vineale L. [=Allium vineale subsp. vineale] Alnus serrulata (Aiton) Willd. Alopecurus carolinianus Walt. Amaranthus retroflexus L. (IAS Maxwell & Thomas) Amaranthus spinosus L. Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer [=Acnida altissima] Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. Ambrosia bidentata Michx. Ambrosia trifida L. (IAS Proceedings) [=Ambrosia trifida var. trifida] Ambrosia trifida L. var. trifida [=Ambrosia trifida] Amelanchier arborea Michx. Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medic. Ammannia robusta Heer & Regel (IAS Maxwell & Thomas) Amorpha fruticosa L. -
Dynamics of the Sweetpotato Potyvirus Aphid Pathosystem in Louisiana
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2012 Dynamics of the sweetpotato potyvirus aphid pathosystem in Louisiana Everlyne Nafula Wosula Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Wosula, Everlyne Nafula, "Dynamics of the sweetpotato potyvirus aphid pathosystem in Louisiana" (2012). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 1088. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/1088 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. DYNAMICS OF THE SWEETPOTATO POTYVIRUS APHID PATHOSYSTEM IN LOUISIANA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agriculture and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology by Everlyne Nafula Wosula B Sc. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, 1998 M Sc. Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, 2007 December 2012 DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my son Moses Kipseete and my husband Erastus Chepkwony for their love and support, to my beloved grandparents Dina Nasipwondi and Jeremiah Wosula who taught me the values of life and the importance of education. I also dedicate this work to my mum, my sister Tatiana, my brother Phillippe, my aunt Charity and to all my extended family members for their prayers, love and moral support. -
The Herbaceous Vascular Plants of Blackacre Preserve a Preliminary List
The Herbaceous Vascular Plants of Blackacre Preserve A Preliminary List December 3, 2010 Submitted to: Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission Submitted by: William E. Thomas Herbarium Indiana University Southeast Photo: Spiked Crested Coralroot by Richard Lyons 1 Scope The aim of this survey was to compile a rough list of herbaceous vascular plant species on the below described tract and was conducted from July 11, 2010 through the end of the growing season. In addition any extensive populations of invasive alien species were noted. Locale Description The Blackacre Preserve website states that the property consists of 170 acres in eastern Jefferson County Kentucky. It is the authors understanding that some additional acreage (size?) was appended to the southern border of the original 170 acre tract. The property is located at 3200 Tucker Station Rd. The tract is bordered on all sides by housing and urban areas; a railroad track runs along the north border. The terrain is of mostly gentle slopes with some wooded areas and open fields formerly used for pasture or crops. There are several ponds on the property; a limestone glade area constitutes the northeast corner of the tract. A small creek flows east to west across the tract north of the center. There are numerous foot trails, some designated and some rogue. An old section of Mann’s Lick road runs northward about midway in the tract. Map #1 from the Blackacre Preserve website provides a general layout of this tract. Map #2 is a topographic map with a NAD83 UTM 16 grid superimposed and the foot trails plotted in various colors. -
New Jersey Strategic Management Plan for Invasive Species
New Jersey Strategic Management Plan for Invasive Species The Recommendations of the New Jersey Invasive Species Council to Governor Jon S. Corzine Pursuant to New Jersey Executive Order #97 Vision Statement: “To reduce the impacts of invasive species on New Jersey’s biodiversity, natural resources, agricultural resources and human health through prevention, control and restoration, and to prevent new invasive species from becoming established.” Prepared by Michael Van Clef, Ph.D. Ecological Solutions LLC 9 Warren Lane Great Meadows, New Jersey 07838 908-637-8003 908-528-6674 [email protected] The first draft of this plan was produced by the author, under contract with the New Jersey Invasive Species Council, in February 2007. Two subsequent drafts were prepared by the author based on direction provided by the Council. The final plan was approved by the Council in August 2009 following revisions by staff of the Department of Environmental Protection. Cover Photos: Top row left: Gypsy Moth (Lymantria dispar); Photo by NJ Department of Agriculture Top row center: Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora); Photo by Leslie J. Mehrhoff, University of Connecticut, Bugwood.org Top row right: Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica); Photo by Troy Evans, Eastern Kentucky University, Bugwood.org Middle row left: Mile-a-Minute (Polygonum perfoliatum); Photo by Jil M. Swearingen, USDI, National Park Service, Bugwood.org Middle row center: Canadian Thistle (Cirsium arvense); Photo by Steve Dewey, Utah State University, Bugwood.org Middle row right: Asian -
Of Extracts Of
-----_.----------------------------------------------------------------------------- A Uterine Stimulant Effect of Extracts of Morning Glory Seeds * Ara H. Der Marderosian, Anthony M, Guarino, lohn 1. De F eo and Heber W. Youngken, Jr. * The history, description and use of seeds of certain members of the Convolvulaceae for divinatory purposes has been well documented in the literature by Schultes and Wasson." 2 These reports have prompted several investigations, and recently Hofmann et at.s 4 5 have isolated and identified the active principles as certain ergot-type alkaloids. These are d-lysergic acid amide (ergine), d-isolysergic acid amide (isoergine), chanoclavine, elymodavine and ergometrine. Further work by Taber et el.6 7 8 has established that the alkaloids are in the microbially sterile embryo. They have also reported that the leaf and stem, but not the root, of Rivea corymbosa also con- tained small amounts of alkaloids and that these principles are present in many varieties of morning glories. However, some of the seeds are listed only by horticultural name, and some are synonymous with others in his table of plants studied. Our investigations? indicate that the main psychotomimetic principles are limited to varieties or horticultural forms of Ipomoea uiolacea L. This would seem to make sense because, 'of the many different species of Ipomoea available to the Mexican natives in their local flora, only Ipomoea violacea L. is used in their religious ceremonies for divinatory purposes. *This study supported in part by funds from Grant MH-06511, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Md. *Departments of Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island. -
Species Lists
Appendix B: Sepcies Lists Appendix B: Species Lists In this appendix: Plants Mammals Birds Pollinators Fish and Mussels Reptiles and Amphibians Plants Scientific Name Common Name Abutilon theophrasti velvetleaf Acalypha ostryifolia pineland threeseed mercury Acalypha rhomboidea common threeseed mercury Acalypha virginica Virginia threeseed mercury Alliaria petiolata garlic mustard Amaranthus tamariscinus tall amaranth Ambrosia artemisifolia annual ragweed Ambrosia trifida great ragweed Ammannia coccinea valley redstem Amorpha brachycarpa leadplant Ampelopsis cordata heartleaf peppervine Amphicarpaea bracteata var. comosa American hogpeanut Amsonia illustris Ozark bluestar Anemone canadensis Canadian anemone Apocynum cannabinum Indian hemp Aristolochia tomentosa Woolly dutchman's pipe Artemisia annua sweet sagewort Asarum canadense Canadian wildginger Asclepias incarnata swamp milkweed Asclepias purpurascens purple milkweed Asclepias syriaca common milkweed Asclepias verticillata whorled milkweed Aster lateriflorus calico aster Aster pilosus hairy white oldfield aster Aster subulatus eastern annual saltmarsh aster Bergia texana Texas bergia Bidens cernua nodding beggerstick Bidens connata purplestem beggarticks Boehmeria cylindrica smallspike false nettle Callitriche terrestris terrestrial water-starwort Calystegia sepium hedge false bindweed Campsis radicans trumpet creeper Cardamine hirsuta hairy bittercress Carex crus-corvi ravenfoot sedge Carex hyalinolepis shoreline sedge, thinscale sedge Carex molesta troublesome sedge Cassia fasciculata -
Kentucky Unwanted Plants
Chapter 6 A Brief Guide to Kentucky’s Non-Native, Invasive Species, Common Weeds, and Other Unwanted Plants A publication of the Louisville Water Company Wellhead Protection Plan, Phase III Source Reduction Grant # X9-96479407-0 Chapter 6 A Brief Guide to Kentucky’s Non-native, Invasive Species, Common Weeds and Other Unwanted Plants What is an invasive exotic plant? A plant is considered exotic, (alien, foreign, non- indigenous, non-native), when it has been introduced by humans to a location outside its native or natural range. Most invasive, exotic plants have escaped cultivation or have spread from its origin and have become a problem or a potential problem in natural biological communities. For example, black locust, a tree that is native to the southern Appalachian region and portions of Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri, was planted throughout the U.S. for living fences, erosion control, and other uses for many years. Black locust is considered exotic outside its natural native range because it got to these places Kudzu is an invasive exotic plant that has spread by human introduction rather than by natural from Japan and China to become a large problem in dispersion. It has become invasive, displacing native much of the US. Local, state, and the federal species and adversely impacting ecosystems and governments spend millions of dollars per year to several endangered native bird species that depend on control the spread of kudzu. Even yearly control other plants for food, as well as several endangered may not be enough to successfully remove kudzu. Seeds can remain dormant in the plant species. -
Morphology and Anatomy of Physical Dormancy in Ipomoea Lacunosa: Identification of the Water Gap in Seeds of Convolvulaceae (Solanales)
Annals of Botany 1–10, 2007 doi:10.1093/aob/mcm070, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org Morphology and Anatomy of Physical Dormancy in Ipomoea lacunosa: Identification of the Water Gap in Seeds of Convolvulaceae (Solanales) K. M. G. GEHAN JAYASURIYA1 ,JERRYM.BASKIN1 , ROBERT L. GENEVE2 and CAROL C. BASKIN1,3,* 1Department of Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA, 2Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA and 3Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA Received: 15 January 2007 Returned for revision: 13 February 2007 Accepted: 26 February 2007 † Background and Aims Convolvulaceae is the most advanced plant family (asterid clade) that produces seeds with physical dormancy (water-impermeable seed coat). There are several different opinions about the nature of the specialized structure (‘water gap’) in the seed coat through which water initially enters seeds of Convolvulaceae, but none of them has been documented clearly. The primary aim of the study was to identify the water gap in seeds of Ipomoea lacunosa (Convolvulaceae) and to describe its morphology, anatomy and function. † Methods Light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, tissue-sectioning, dye-tracking and blocking experi- ments were used to describe the morphology, anatomy and function of the water gap in seeds of I. lacunosa. † Key Results Dormancy-breaking treatments caused slits to form around the two bulges on the seed coat adjacent to the hilum, and dye entered the seed only via the disrupted bulges. Bulge anatomy differs from that of the rest of the seed coat. Sclereid cells of the bulges are more compacted and elongated than those in the hilum pad and in the rest of the seed coat away from the bulges. -
Experimental Evidence That Selection Favors Character Displacement in the Ivyleaf Morning Glory
vol. 171, no. 1 the american naturalist january 2008 Experimental Evidence That Selection Favors Character Displacement in the Ivyleaf Morning Glory Robin Ann Smith1,* and Mark D. Rausher2,† 1. Department of Biology and University Writing Program, Box interactions between plant species shape the evolution of 90025, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; such characteristics. While it has been frequently suggested 2. Department of Biology, Box 90338, Duke University, Durham, that interactions between plant species, often mediated by North Carolina 27708 common pollinators, generate selection that alters plant Submitted May 21, 2007; Accepted August 10, 2007; reproductive traits (Waser 1978, 1983; Rathcke 1983), cur- Electronically published November 16, 2007 rent evidence for this type of effect is less compelling than that for the direct influence of pollinators. Much of this evidence is in the form of differences in reproductive traits in areas where similar or closely related abstract: While there is abundant evidence to suggest that pol- plant species co-occur. For example, temporal divergence linators influence the evolution of plant floral traits, there is little of flowering time in areas of sympatry (Waser 1978, 1983; direct evidence that interactions between plant species shape the Rathcke 1983), divergence of flower color in areas of sym- evolution of such characteristics. The purpose of this study was to patry (Levin 1985), and increased selfing rates in areas of determine whether the presence of the morning glory Ipomoea pur- sympatry (Fishman and Wyatt 1999) have all been taken purea alters patterns of selection on floral traits of its congener, to indicate that interactions between plant species have Ipomoea hederacea. -
Charles T. Bryson Daniel A. Skojac, Jr.1
AN ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR FLORA OF WASHINGTON COUNTY, MISSISSIPPI 1 Charles T. Bryson Daniel A. Skojac, Jr. USDA, ARS USDA, FS, Southern Region Crop Production Systems Research Unit Chattahoochee NF Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, U.S.A. 3941 Highway 76 Chatsworth, Georgia 30705, U.S.A. ABSTRACT Field explorations have yielded 271 species new to Washington County, Mississippi and Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. and Ruellia nudiflora (Engelm. & .A. Gray) Urban new to the state. An annotated list of 809 taxa for Washington County is provided and excludes 59 species that were reported from counties adjacent and included in the 1980 Washington County and environs flora, but have yet to be docu- mented from Washington County. RESUMEN Exploraciones de campo han dado como resultado 271 especies nuevas para Washington County, Mississippi y Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. y Ruellia nudiflora (Engelm. & .A. Gray) Urban nuevas para el estado. Se aporta una lista anotada de 809 taxa para Washington County y se excluyen 59 especies que estaban citadas de condados adyacentes e incluidas en la flora de 1980 de Washington County y alre- dedores, pero que no se han documentado aún para Washington County. INTRODUCTION The flora of Mississippi, especially the Yazoo-Mississippi River Alluvial Plain, is poorly reported (Bryson & Carter 1994; Skojac et al. 2007) compared to other physiographic regions of Mississippi and of adjacent states. Lowe’s Plants of Mississippi (1921) still remains the only effort at a comprehensive flora of the state. Several county floras have been compiled, mostly by graduate students at various universities; however, comprehen- sive floras are lacking for more than 80% of Mississippi’s 82 counties.