Roofline Windowline Cladding Roofline
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION NOTES.Pdf
10/21/2014 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION RIO HONDO TRUCK ACADEMY Why do firefighters need to know about Building Construction???? We must understand Building Construction to help us understand the behavior of buildings under fire conditions. Having a fundamental knowledge of buildings is an essential component of the decisiondecision--makingmaking process in successful fireground operations. We have to realize that newer construction methods are not in harmony with fire suppression operations. According to NFPA 1001: Standard for FireFighter Professional Qualifications Firefighter 1 Level ––BasicBasic Construction of doors, windows, and walls and the operation of doors, windows, and locks ––IndicatorsIndicators of potential collapse or roof failure ––EffectsEffects of construction type and elapsed time under fire conditions on structural integrity 1 10/21/2014 NFPA 1001 Firefighter 2 Level ––DangerousDangerous building conditions created by fire and suppression activities ––IndicatorsIndicators of building collapse ––EffectsEffects of fire and suppression activities on wood, masonry, cast iron, steel, reinforced concrete, gypsum wallboard, glass and plaster on lath Money, Money, Money….. Everything comes down to MONEY, including building construction. As John Mittendorf says “ Although certain types of building construction are currently popular with architects, modern practices will be inevitably be replaced by newer, more efficient, more costcost--effectiveeffective methods ”” Considerations include: ––CostCost of Labor ––EquipmentEquipment -
A Concise Dictionary of Middle English
A Concise Dictionary of Middle English A. L. Mayhew and Walter W. Skeat A Concise Dictionary of Middle English Table of Contents A Concise Dictionary of Middle English...........................................................................................................1 A. L. Mayhew and Walter W. Skeat........................................................................................................1 PREFACE................................................................................................................................................3 NOTE ON THE PHONOLOGY OF MIDDLE−ENGLISH...................................................................5 ABBREVIATIONS (LANGUAGES),..................................................................................................11 A CONCISE DICTIONARY OF MIDDLE−ENGLISH....................................................................................12 A.............................................................................................................................................................12 B.............................................................................................................................................................48 C.............................................................................................................................................................82 D...........................................................................................................................................................122 -
Truss-Facts-Book.Pdf
TRUSS FACTS BOOK CONTENTS WHAT IS A TRUSS? 2 THE EVOLUTION OF TRUSSES 3 THE UNIVERSAL TRUSS PLATE 5 TRUSS TERMS 6 TRUSS NUMBERING SYSTEM 8 TRUSS SHAPES 9 TRUSS SYSTEMS 12 GABLE END 12 HIP 12 DUTCH HIP 14 GIRDER AND SADDLE 15 SPECIAL TRUSS SYSTEMS 16 CANTILEVER 17 TRUSS DESIGN 18 TRUSS ANALYSIS 18 TRUSS LOADING COMBINATION & LOAD DURATION 18 LOAD DURATION 18 DESIGN OF TRUSS MEMBERS 18 WEBS 18 CHORDS 19 MODIFICATION FACTORS USED IN DESIGN 19 STANDARD & COMPLEX DESIGN 19 BASIC TRUSS MECHANICS 20 TENSION 20 COMPRESSION 20 BENDING 20 DEFLECTION 21 TRUSS ACTION 21 DESIGN LOADS 22 LIVE LOADS 22 WIND LOAD 23 TERRAIN CATEGORIES 24 SEISMIC LOADS 24 TRUSS HANDLING AND ERECTION 25 MULTINAIL CONNECTOR PLATES 26 MULTI GRIPS 26 TRIPLE GRIPS 26 EASY FIX GIRDER BRACKETS 26 INTERNAL WALL BRACKETS 26 TRUSS BOOTS 26 ANTI TWIST TRUSS BOOTS 26 PURLIN STRAPS 27 CYCLONE TIES 27 JOIST HANGERS 27 STUD TIES 27 STRAP NAILS 27 FLAT TENSION BRACING 27 STEELWOOD JOISTS 28 MULTISTRUT JOISTS 29 © MULTINAIL 1 TRUSS FACTS BOOK WHAT IS A TRUSS? A ‘truss’ is formed when structural members are joined together in triangular configurations. The truss is one of the basic types of structural frames formed from structural members. A truss consists of a group of ties and struts designed and connected to form a structure which acts as a large span beam. The members usually form one or more triangles in a single plane and are arranged so that the external loads are applied at the joints and theoretically cause only axial tension or axial compression in the members. -
Roof and Gutter De-Icing Cable
ROOF AND GUTTER DE-ICING CABLE Design and Installation Guide Industrial Residential CommeWhat are Ice Dams? How Ice Dams are formed 1 Rising heat from the house melts the blanket of snow and ice on the roof from the bottom up, sending water trickling down the roof. 2 When water arrives at the cold eaves, it refreezes and forms a dam, preventing drainage. 3 Water is trapped behind the dam and backs up under the shingles. 4 The melted water can leak into the house through the windows or ceiling Snowmelt Principles and Application: Electrical Heat Trace Cable is intended to provide drain paths for the melted or flowing water to be carried away from the roof, gutters, and down spouts. This system is not intended to provide a snow free surface. Roofs in General Sun and building heat combine to melt accumulated snow at the roof/snow interface. Snow is porous and allows water to flow. Ice is not porous and will trap water. Water will flow as long as the roof surface stays above freezing. When the water runs to the roof edge it freezes, starting an “ice dam” that continues to grow and trap more water, leading to leakage problems. The objective of a snowmelt system is to ensure the water is drained off and not allowed to freeze at the roof edge forming a dam. Gutter Damage from Ice The water that enters into your rain gutters can freeze and build up an enormous amount of weight many times causing water to leak into soffits and entering into the building. -
Gutter System Installation Standards Product Specification
Gutter System Installation Standards Product Specification Property of: Spectra Metal Sales Gutters and Leaf Protection Introduction A Rain Gutter System starts with a trough, called a gutter, which collects rainwater from the roofline of a house and diverts it away from the structure, using elbows and downspouts. • The purpose of this diversion is to prevent water flow off the roof edge which can cause structural damage over time to the walls and/or foundation of a house. • The gutter system is more important to the exterior of your home than the actual paint, siding, or even windows, because it protects your home from rot, mold, mildew, and flooding. • This water damage, without a gutter system, occurs slowly, spreads quickly, and is unnoticeable until the damage repair is substantial. • For your gutter system to work properly, it must be able to empty out the water faster than it fills up. In order to ensure the proper flow of water, a few are vital to the success of the overall gutter system: 1) Seamless gutters 2) Gutter and downspout sizing 3) Slope or pitch of gutter 4) Downspout placement 5) Keeping the gutters debris free 6) Using quality parts and accessories 2 Gutter Specifications Scope of Guide A) The Rain-carrying system consists of all necessary components to complete installation with products manufactured or endorsed for use by Spectra Metal Sales. System Components A) Gutters shall be made of 3105-H24 aluminum and shall be continuous and seamless with a minimum thickness gauge of .032” or .027” (+/- .002” nominal). B) All pre-painted components will have an approved SMS Finish and Color. -
Chapter 2: TRUSS and ROOF TERMINOLOGY
Chapter 2: TRUSS AND ROOF TERMINOLOGY APEX: The highest point on a truss where the sloping top chords meet (Figures 3, 4 & 6). AXIAL FORCE: A push (compression) or pull (tension) acting along the length of a member. Usually measured in Newtons (N) or kiloNewtons (kN). (Figure 18) AXIAL STRESS: The axial force acting at a point along the length of a member, divided by the cross- sectional area of the member. Usually measured in MegaPascals (MPa) or Newtons per square millimeter (N/mm2). (Figure 18) BARGE BOARDS: Trim boards applied to gable ends of buildings. (Figure 2 & 10) BATTENS: Small-section timber members – usually 36x36 (See SANS 1783-4) spanning between trusses, connected to the top of the top chord of the truss and usually supporting a roof covering of tiles or slates (Figure 4). BATTEN CENTRES: The distance between centre lines of battens, measured along the slope of the top chord (Figure 8). BAY LENGTH: Also called PANEL LENGTH. In a truss this refers to the horizontal distance between the centres of joints or nodes in either the top or bottom chord. In a roof, it refers to the space between trusses, e.g. a single or double truss spacing where bracing occurs. (Figure 7 & 8) BRACED BAY: The space between 2 or more trusses in a roof section where bracing is positioned (Figure 2) BEAM: A solid or composite timber lintel that usually supports trusses or rafters. (Figure 11) BEAM POCKET: A void deliberately set into a wall to allow a beam, truss horn or floor truss to bear on the wall. -
BRACING USING NZS 3604:2011 – PART 1 Providing Sufficient Bracing Capacity for Wind and Earthquake Is an Integral Part of the Design Process
DESIGN RIGHT BRACING USING NZS 3604:2011 – PART 1 Providing sufficient bracing capacity for wind and earthquake is an integral part of the design process. This series starts by looking at the information needed for bracing calculations. By Tom Edhouse, BRANZ Technical Advisor racing for a timber-framed building h = height of is required to resist horizontal wind roof above eaves and earthquake forces. The bracing H for subfloor (Table 5.5) demand to resist wind is expressed H for top or single storey (Table 5.6) Bin bracing units (B/Us) per lineal metre and 10 m max. for bracing units per square metre for earthquakes. NZS 3604 scope upper floor level Before starting bracing calculations, the H for lower of 2 storeys (Table 5.7) designer will need to collect the following lower floor level information for the specific building. average ground height NZS 3604:2011 Is the building being considered within the scope of NZS 3604:2011? For this, it must be lowest ground point no more than 2-storeys and a maximum height of 10 m from the lowest ground level to the Figure 1: How to work out H and h. uppermost portion of the roof. W where roof pitch is Designs within the scope of NZS 3604:2011 wind direction along ridge greater than 25° must provide bracing capacity that exceeds the higher of the minimum requirements in NZS 3604:2011 for: ❚ wind demand – Tables 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7 ❚ earthquake demand – Tables 5.8, 5.9 and 5.10. W where roof pitch is Wind zone less than 25° Some territorial authorities have maps with wind bracing elements in line with zones. -
Draft Mansard Roof Guidance 201115
London Borough of Tower Hamlets DRAFT MANSARD ROOF GUIDANCE NOTE Draft for consultation November 2015 0 Draft Mansard Roof Guidance Purpose of this consultation The purpose of the Mansard Roof Guidance Note is to support residents who would like to make a planning application for a new mansard roof in one of the Borough’s Conservation Areas. The Draft Mansard Roof Guidance Note contains information on the most relevant planning policies that the Council must consider when making decision on planning applications; the character of historic roofs in Tower Hamlets; the elements of Mansard Roofs and best practice advice on how you should approach the design of a new mansard roof in a conservation area; and finally, the document includes some helpful tips for you to refer to when making a planning application for a new mansard roof in a Conservation Area. In order to assist residents with planning application process, officers have also examined the following eight Conservation Areas in more detail to identify the best opportunities for properties to extend: Driffield Road; Medway; Fairfield Road; Victoria Park; Jesus Hospital Estate; York Square; Chapel House; and Tredegar Square. Officer recommendations have been presented in draft addendum to the relevant Conservation Area Character Appraisals. These addendums are also subject to consultation from 23 November 2015 and 18 January 2016. More information on these can be found via the links and contact details below. How you can get involved It is important that this Guidance Note is easy to understand and useful. If you feel that this document could be improved and the information better communicated, we would be grateful for your feedback during the public consultation. -
Dutch Gable Freestanding Carport
DUTCH GABLE FREESTANDING CARPORT STRATCO OUTBACK® ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS. Your complete guide to building a FREESTANDING Outback DUTCH GABLE CARPORT BEFORE YOU START Carefully read these instructions. If you do not have all the necessary tools or information, contact Stratco for advice. Before starting lay out all components and check them against the delivery docket. The parts description identifies each key part, and the component location diagram indicates their fastening position. PARTS DESCRIPTION RIDGE KNUCKLE FOOTING PLATE EAVES KNUCKLE FOOTING COLUMNS AND Slots inside the gable rafters to Slots inside column Slots inside gable rafter and KNUCKLE RAFTERS form connection at the ridge to form on concrete column to form connection at Slots inside Pre cut 120 outback footing connection. eaves. column to form beam make up an in ground rafters and columns footing connection PURLINS HIP PLATE RIDGE CAP BARGE CAP INFILL PANELS Purlins provide support for Connects purlins to This flashing covers the roof The barge cap covers Sufficient number of sheets are cladding the hip rafter. sheets at the gable ridge. the area where the provided, from which the required deck finishes at portal dutch gable infill panels can be HIP FLASHING frame cut. Covers the roof sheet ends along the hip rafter. WEATHER STRIP HEX HEAD SELF DRILLING BOLTS AND RIVETS 68 mm PURLIN Weather strip supports infill SCREWS Bolt types vary depending BRACKET panel and covers the sheet Screw types vary depending upon upon the connection, ensure This bracket ends at the collar -
Technical Bulletin No.7 Roofline Installation Details
technical bulletin No.7 Roofline Installation Details This technical bulletin is intended to provide you with a brief overview of the popular products in Kestrel’s Roofline range, where they can be used and the main criteria for installation. Typical Eaves Details K16 Fascia & 9mm Vented Soffit Eaves Protector Fascia Installation Details Pre-Installation Considerations Preparation: • All access and works to comply with current and relevant Health & Safety and Construction Design Management Regulation recommendations. Stainless Steel Polytop Fixings 2 x 65mm @ 600mm Centres • Clear work area in-line with best practice before starting work, ensuring safe scaffolding access is available. 803 Vented Soffit Stainless Steel Polytop Fixings 10mm Air gap 1 x 40mm @ 600mm Centres • Remove first row of roof tiles where necessary. • Remove all existing fascia / soffit materials. K22 Fascia & 9mm Vented Soffit • Replace any un-sound / rotten timber or felt and treat rafter ends with preservative. • Maintain air path for roof ventilation. Eaves Protector Installation considerations Installation considerations are intended to provide you with need- to-know information for the core processes of product installation. They are not intended as an exhaustive installation guide. The information presented will provide you with a valuable resource when assessing how best to use our products in your selected application. Stainless Steel Polytop Fixings 2 x 65mm @ 600mm Centres Fascia 803 Vented Soffit 692 Soffit Channel Fit directly to rafter ends using polytop nails, 2 per fixing centre max 10mm Air gap 600mm centres - 65mm nails. Austenitic stainless steel (Grade A4 KB16 Fascia & 9mn Vented Soffit BS6105). Fascia is capable of load bearing in relation to light weight gutters and the first row of roof tiles (Eaves Tiles). -
Roof Truss – Fact Book
Truss facts book An introduction to the history design and mechanics of prefabricated timber roof trusses. Table of contents Table of contents What is a truss?. .4 The evolution of trusses. 5 History.... .5 Today…. 6 The universal truss plate. 7 Engineered design. .7 Proven. 7 How it works. 7 Features. .7 Truss terms . 8 Truss numbering system. 10 Truss shapes. 11 Truss systems . .14 Gable end . 14 Hip. 15 Dutch hip. .16 Girder and saddle . 17 Special truss systems. 18 Cantilever. .19 Truss design. .20 Introduction. 20 Truss analysis . 20 Truss loading combination and load duration. .20 Load duration . 20 Design of truss members. .20 Webs. 20 Chords. .21 Modification factors used in design. 21 Standard and complex design. .21 Basic truss mechanics. 22 Introduction. 22 Tension. .22 Bending. 22 Truss action. .23 Deflection. .23 Design loads . 24 Live loads (from AS1170 Part 1) . 24 Top chord live loads. .24 Wind load. .25 Terrain categories . 26 Seismic loads . 26 Truss handling and erection. 27 Truss fact book | 3 What is a truss? What is a truss? A “truss” is formed when structural members are joined together in triangular configurations. The truss is one of the basic types of structural frames formed from structural members. A truss consists of a group of ties and struts designed and connected to form a structure that acts as a large span beam. The members usually form one or more triangles in a single plane and are arranged so the external loads are applied at the joints and therefore theoretically cause only axial tension or axial compression in the members. -
Conservation Area Loft Conversion
Conservation area loft conversion The vast majority of loft conversions Econoloft build fall within permitted development, which means they don’t need planning permission. However, there are exceptions and one of these is if your property sits within a conservation area. The statutory definition of a conservation area is, 'an area of special architectural or historic interest, the character of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance.’ While living in such an area offers may benefits, a downside is the restrictions that can be placed on householders who want to develop their home. Econoloft apply for planning permission on your behalf Planning permission essentially means you must have the consent from your local authority before you start building. Every local authority is different when it comes to granting (or not granting permission) which is why, any home within a conservation area or an area of outstanding natural beauty should work with an experienced company like Econoloft. We will do all the paperwork on your behalf and liaise with the relevant personnel to ensure a swift and positive resolution. The Parkington’s live in a conservation area and relied on Econoloft to secure planning for their master bedroom ensuite. They said: “We were fortunate to select Econoloft to carry out the conversion and they demonstrated their expertise from the outset. They really knew their stuff when it came to the planning process. They helped us though the process and thankfully it was relatively simple.” Your Econoloft loft conversion in a conservation area should complement the neighbourhood Planners will be concerned that any alteration to your property does not have a negative impact, not just on your own home, but the street scene and the area overall.