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Sojourners Undergraduate Journal of Sociology Volume 11 Journal of Sociology Volume Sojourners Undergraduate SOJOURNERS VOLUME 11 Printed in Canada Published by the UBC Sociology Students’ Association (SSA) of the University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Sociology Students Association Department of Sociology 6303 NW Marine Drive Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z1 Contact Information SSA: [email protected] Editors-in-Chief, manuscript submissions, purchasing requests, and General Inquiries: [email protected] Sojourners Website: http://blogs.ubc.ca/sojourners UBC Sociology Department website: http://soci.ubc.ca c 2019 UBC Sociology Students’ Association (SSA). All rights reserved. It is strictly forbidden to make copies of whole issues of this journal for any pur- pose without the express written permission of the SSA. Individuals, libraries, and institutions may make single copies of individual articles for non-commercial educational or research purposes. Institutions/libraries may also use articles for non-commercial educational purposes by making any number of copies for course packs or course reserve collections. Institutions/libraries may also loan single copies of articles to non-commercial libraries for educational purposes. All copies of articles must preserve their copyright notice without modification. All articles are copyrighted by their authors. All authors endorse, permit, and license the SSA to grant the copying privileges specified above without additional consideration or payment to them or to the SSA. The SSA retains these endorsements in writ- ing. Consult authors for permission to use any portion of their work in derivative works, compilations, or to distribute their work in any commercial manner. The opinions expressed herein are solely those of the individual authors. Sojourners: Undergraduate Journal of Sociology is a peer- and faculty- reviewed journal published annually by the Sociology Students’ Association of the Univer- sity of British Columbia. Our mandate is to provide a venue for the publication of outstanding undergraduate writing. Submissions are accepted in the fall of each year. Information regarding sub-missions, journal sales, and more is available on our website. For more detailed information about manuscript submission, please contact us. Contributors Editors-in-Chief Faculty Advisors Curtis Seufert & Andy Holmes Dr. Katherine Lyon & Dr. Elic Chan Associate Editorial Board Bruno Belevan´ Cherie Tay Ella Kim Marriott Jessica Zhai Leo Chu Nicole Cheng Nina Chiang Selina Lo Suki Xiao Cover Art Graphics & Layout Ryoji Iwata, Unsplash.com Alex Chow Acknowledgements The UBC sociology department main office for their ongoing assistance. We are also appreciative of UBC’s Sociology Students’ Association. Thank you for continuing to see the value in providing undergraduate students with an op- portunity to refine and showcase academic work, as both authors and associate editors. Thank you to: Alex Chow, Kacey Ng, Priscilla Wong, Anna Tornros, Daniella Pettenon, Benedetta Franzini, Kate Collins, Mark Ding, Debora Antho- nypillai, Michelle Liao, Jessica Zhai. We would also like to recognize the Faculty and Graduate Students in the So- ciology department at UBC for being staunch supporters of this journal, and for generously donating their time, expertise, and enthusiasm to our endeavor. Thank you to also Dr. Catherine Corrigall-Brown and the Francesco Duina Scholarship selection committee for reviewing nominees and choosing this year’s winner. A SPECIAL THANK YOU TO: Bruno Belevan,´ Cherie Tay, Ella Kim Marriott, Jessica Zhai, Leo Chu, Nicole Cheng, Nina Chiang, Selina Lo, and Suki Xiao. Without your editorial knowledge, this volume would not be published. UBC’s Point Grey (Vancouver) campus is located on the traditional, ancestral, and unceded territories of the Musqueam First Nations. While we are grateful for both the opportunity to publish this journal, we recognize the ongoing injustices caused by the continued occupation and reflect on much of our team’s presence as visitors and settlers on this land. Letter from the Faculty Advisors Dear Sojourners readers, We are excited for you to enjoy Volume 11 of Sojourners. Undergraduate jour- nals such as this one allows students to practice the craft of turning ideas into reality. Each of the articles selected for this publication profiles original sociolog- ical research and diverse forms of critical thinking in fields ranging from social movements to media to gender. Just as important as the end product is the blind peer-review process that each author and member of the editorial team partici- pated in—a core scholarly practice central to academic excellence and integrity. As always, this year’s publication offers an extremely valuable window into the rigorous scholarship of undergraduate sociologists at UBC and beyond. Sincerely, Elic Chan and Katherine Lyon Faculty Sponsors Sojourners Letter from the Editors-in-Chief Dear Readers, We are pleased to present to you the 11th edition of Sojourners, UBC’s Sociology Undergraduate Journal. Having received over 50 stellar essay submissions this year, it was once again no easy task to decide on the final handful for publication in the 2018/2019 volume. But once again, we are proud of the final eight papers that have been selected through a blind-review process from our editorial and faculty board, and we are confident that you will find as much value in them as we have. Over the years, one of the key factors that has guided Sojourners’ selection process has been a mindfulness of our place in academic discourse. Among other values, Sojourners’ treads a discursive line, occupying a unique space within the realm of sociological academia. Being an established academic journal, we seek to share with our readers publications which display rigour in both thought and research. But being an undergraduate journal, we recognize a certain level of freedom in sharing not only rigorous, well-argued research, but also work whose importance is informed by their relevance and, often, their exploratory nature. As such, a real theme of ‘resistance’ tends to emerge, and we hope that you will find this year’s edition of Sojourners proves to be no exception. In this volume, Bachand-Bergeron examines the cultural space occupied by Brooklyn Nine-Nine, as well as its place within a tradition of neoliberal-informed media content. Samchee undertakes a qualitative approach to revealing some of the most salient themes of the migration process to Canada. Drawing on indige- nous cultural and medical knowledge, Pavelich argues for a holistic and spiritual understanding of health as a means of addressing the harm caused by colonial- ist policies in Canada. Holmes evaluates current discourses around the contested topic of uniformed police presence in Pride parades, while Seufert evaluates the complex queering potential of substance use in LGBTQ+ populations. Lee ex- poses the global production paradox of how the dangerous state of mica mining informs the standards of hegemonic Western beauty. Fatima brings a critical eye to the disjunction between discourses of secularism around Bill 62 and its effects of promoting structural inequality. And lastly, Lougheed examines the nature of media framing around Vancouver Indigenous Fashion Week. These papers all share a critical outlook on some of the most relevant and important social and cultural challenges we are faced with today. They are issues which may appear discreet, or at times even personal, but they are in fact embedded in much wider social and structural processes, and it is the aim of this volume of Sojourners to reveal as much. Sincerely, Curtis Seufert and Andy Holmes Co-Editors-in-Chief Sojourners Table of Contents 2019 FRANCESCO DUINA SCHOLARSHIP WINNER Exploring Activist Framing in Vancouver’s Uniformed Police Debate: Should Police March in Pride Parades ANDY HOLMES 2019 FRANCESCO DUINA SCHOLARSHIP HONOURABLE MENTION Framing Fashion: Examining Media Coverage of the Vancouver Indigenous Fashion Week PAIGE LOUGHEED Brooklyn Nine-Nine and Policing in Liberal Police Procedurals MAUDE BACHAND-BERGERON Veiling Discrimination and Inequality as Secularism: An Exploration of Quebec’s Bill 62 ‘Niqab Ban’ SANA FATIMA The Ugly Engineering of the Beauty Industry: Mica Mining in the Globalised Age CHARMAINE LEE Culture as Intervention: Applying Indigenous Knowledge Self-Determination to Suicide Prevention Policies in Northern Saskatchewan ALEXANDRIA PAVELICH Contemporary Political Debate and Contextual Understanding: A Study of Immigration as a Lived Experience KURTIS SAMCHEE A Continued History of Rebellion: Negotiating the Realities and Possibilities of Queering Substance Use CURTIS SEUFERT ABOUT THE AUTHORS ABOUT THE EDITORS Sojourners 1 Exploring Activist Framing in Vancouver’s Uniformed Police Debate: Should Police March in Pride Parades? Andy Holmes University of British Columbia Abstract. How do people defend their opinions regarding uniformed police marching in Vancouver’s Pride parade? A sample of 100 comments were analyzed from two com- peting online petitions that both sought opposite action to take regarding the presence of uniformed police in Vancouver’s 2018 Pride parade. The first petition was created by Black Lives Matter Vancouver and requested police to not wear their uniforms when marching in the parade. The second petition was created by activists to include uniformed police in the parade. Those who support including uniformed police in the parade frame their stance