DISTRTCT SURVEY REPORT
FOR SAND MINING.
}.STRTCT SERAIKETA- KHARSAWAI{
3rrrGavg iI{-FTt
GOVERNMENT OF JHARKIIAND
As per notification no. s.o.141 (E) New Delhi, the 15tI Januatl" 2016 of ministry ol erviron:rent forest a:rd ciima:e clar.rge government oflndia. J DISTR]CT ST]RVEY REPORT OF SERAIKE:LA-KHARSAWAI DISTRICT FOR SAN'
District Survey Report for Sand in Seraikella-Kharsawan District ofJharkhand
As per notification no. s.o.141 (E) New Delhi, the 15th January, 2016 of Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change Govemment oflndia
s.No CONTENTS PAGE NO 1 Introduction 3-4 2 Overview of mining activity in distict. 5 of mining leases in district east singhbhum with -l List 6-7 location, area and period of validity. !. Details ofroyalty or revenue received in last three years. 8 Details of production ofsand or bajali or minor mincrals in last 5 8 three vears. 6 Process ofdeposition of sediments in the rivers. 9-12 7 General profile ofthe district. 13-19 8 Land utilization pattern in the district. 20 9 Physioeraphy of the district. 2t 10 Rainfall: month wise. 21 11 Geology and mineral wealth.
1 2 Recommendation & conclusion. 29-31 ia Maps 32-41 DISTRICT SURV'Y RTPORT ():. Sf,RA]KI]LI,A- PREFACE In Compliance to the notification issued by the ministry of Environn.tent, Forest and Climate change dated 15.01.2016, the preparation of Dist ct SuNe)' Reporl of river bed mining and other minor minerals is in accordance appendix 10 of the notification. It is also mentioned here that the procedure of preparation of district suryey repofi is as per notification guidelines. Every efforts have been jn made to cover sand n.rining locations, areas & overview of mining activities the district with all it's relevant features pedainjng to geology & mineral wealth in replenish able and non-replenish able areas of rivers, stream and other sand sources. This repod rvill be a model and guiding document u'hich is a compendium of available n.rinetal resources, geographical set up, environmental and ecological set up olthe district and is based on data ofvarious depafiments, published reports, and websites. The data may vary due to flood, heavy rains and other natural calamities. Thcrefore, it is recommended that District Level Expeft comldttee may take into coltsideration all its relevant aspects / data rvhile scrutinizing and recommending the application tbr EC to the corcerned Authority. DISTRICT SLIRVIY REPORT O' SER{TKELLA-K]IARSAW.TN DISTAICT FOR SANI) DTSTRICT SURVEY REPORT OF SERAIKELLA KTIARSAWAN DISTRICT FOR SAND 1. INTRODUCTION :- Seraikella Kharsawan is situated in South-Eastern paft of Jharkhand state ol Eastern India lies about 120 km SE of the State Capital Ranchi. Seraikella Kharsawan is an impofiant district in Jharkhand and is a n.rajor commercial, cultural, and transpofiation center. It is the hub ofthe lndustries. As per Gazette notification ol l5th January 2016 of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change a survey shall be caried out by the District Environment lmpact Assessment Authority (DEIAA) with assistancc of ifigation department, Drainage depafiment, Forest departmcnt, Mining department and Revenue depadment in the district 1br preparation olDistrict Sun'ey Repott as per the sustainable Sand mining guidelines to ensure idertification of areas of aggradations or deposition where nfning can be allou'ed; and ideltilication of areas of elosion and proximity to infrashuctural structures and installations u'here mining should be prohibited and calculation of annual rate oi replenishment arcl allowing time lor replenislurent after mining in that area. Every e1Tofis have been made to cover sand mining locations, areas & overview of Mining activites in the district with aii it's relevant features peltairring to geology & mineral wealth in replenish-able and non-replenish-able aleas ol dvers, streams and other sand sources. The mineral potential is calculated based on tield investigation & geology of the catchment area of the rivers or streams. Also as per the site conditions aird locations, depth of minable mineral is dellned. The atea for removal ofthe mineml in a dver or stream is decided depending on geo- 3 (v, 1}tSTIIICT IIO& S'dND I}ISTRICT SIiRVTY RT]POIIT OIT S'I{A:KIILL,\-. particular river or moryhology & other factors, it can be 50% to 60% of the area ofa while calculating stream. Other constituents like clay and silt are excluded as waste Repod shall the mineral potential of particular river or stream' This District Survey of reports and form the basis for application for environment clearance, preparation ltve years' appraisal ofprojects. The report shall be updated once every 4 @y a= ri::a: :. ,::-:.., . "::i' ' :-L i ' ':::' ii:i i:: 2. OVERVIEW OF MINING ACTIVITY: Mainly tluee types of minor minerals constituents such as sand, stone and Bajri are requirecl ibr any type of constluction apafi ftom other material like cement and steel. In the earlier time the mud houses/buildings were constmcted with the use ol mud. Ho$,evet s,ith the passage of time, new techniques ol development activities were stafted. As such the demand of Minor Mineral started on an increasing trend. In order to meet the requirement of raw material for construction, the extraction ol sanci carried out manually / semi- mechanized process fiom the river beds . The local residents used to lift sand etc. from the river beds to meet out their bonafide requirement. However after coming into being The Jharkhand Minor Mineral Rules 2017, the nrining is regulated in accordance $'ith the rules' At present 12 number of unsettled Sard Ghats have been studied in accordance with The Jharkhand Sand Mining Policy in different pats ofthe District to prepare the District Survey Repofi. Geologically Seraikella KhaLsawan district lies near to the Singhbhum Shear Zone and Dalma Thrust hence there are numbers of economic and strategical mineruls' Herc the mining activity is involved in sand as in Jodia, Tiruldih,Seherbera etc Quartzite as in Patahesel (Saraikella), Jaikan (Gamharia), Stone as in Lengdih (Chandil), Medki (Rajnagar') besides this Uranium is also extracted from Mahuldih (Gamharia). Besides above nfnerals Seraikella-kharsawan is also rich in lron C)re, Kyanite, Potstone, soapstone, Pyrophyllite and Pyloxenite. 5 @y DISTRIC t St RVaY nIPO:IT O!' SEIiATKLLL-A-,{HAIiSAWA.T- I}IS]R:C'l FOa SA]\} 3. LIST OF MINING LEASES IN TIIE DISTRICT WITH LOCATION AREA AND PERIOD OF VALIDITY:- SR NO. LOCATION AREA (in acre) PERIOD OF VALIDITY I Chandil 23.489 25.02.2011to 10 yearc 2 Chandil 3.80 31.08.20111o 10 years Chandil 2.988 05.1 1.20i2 to 10 years 4 Rajnagar 1 1.633 29 .09 .2011 to 24 .09 .2020 5 Chandil 2.544 06.08.2013 to 10 years 6 Nimdih 7.113 01.01.2010 to 10 years 7 Rajnagar 1 .533 25.02.2011 to 10 years 8 Rajnagar s.t7 19.09.2015 to 10 years 9 Chandil 1.136 11.10.2010 to 10 yems 10 Chandil 1.976 26.01.2009 to 10 years 11 Chandil 1.235 03.10.2013 to 10 years 12 Rajnagar 4.989 18.06.2016 to 10 years 13 Rajnagar 8.126 09.02.2010 to10 years l1 Rajnagar 9.188 13.08.2010 to 10 years 15 Rajnagar 10.077 09.10.2010 to 10 years 16 Rajnagar 7.33s 07.10.2010 to 10 years t7 Chandil 8.743 27 .12.2010 to l0 yeas l8 Chandil t0.714 28.08.2015 to l0 years 19 Seraikella 5.977 29.02.2016 to l0 years 20 Gamaharia 3.28 5 27.01.2016 to l0 years 21 Seraikella 2.988 02.06.2014 to10 years 22 Seraikella 9.484 21 .06 .2016 to 20 .06 .2021 23 Chandil 08.07.2010 to 10 years 24 Rajnagar 4.989 20.06.2014 to 10 years 25 Nimdih. 7 .t13 01.01.2010 to 10 years 26 Chandil s.28 5 15.05.2015 to 05 years 2',1 Gamharia 21.81 24.12.2003 to 20 years Rajnagar 3.50 15.04.2013 to 10 years I E',1 }ISTRICT SURVEY RTPORT 03 SERA]KELLA-XHARSAW,dN }ISTRICT SAND 'OR SR NO. LOCATION AREA (in acre) PERIOD OF VALIDITY 29 Rajnagar 4.149 21.01 .2017 tn 20.01.2022 30 Rajnagar 3.433 19.07 .2015 to I 0 years 31 Seraikella 6.323 1 8.04.2017 to 5 vears Seraikella 7.484 07 .12.2014 to 06.12.2017 33 Seraikella 11.287 04.10.2015 to 10 years 34 Ichagarh 8. 175 10.06.2016 to 01 vears 35 Rajnagar 5.236 22 .07 .2016 to 2l .07 .2026 36 Rajnagar 5.3 5 0 1.0 5.20 1 6 to 3 0.0 4.2021 7 E^6 4. DETAILS OF ROYALTY OR REVENUE RECEIYED IN I-AST THR.EE \'EARS SR NO. Year Royalty @u1ees in Lac) I 20t4-t5 1437 .s4 2. 2015-16 2308.97 3 2016-17 2416.16 Remarks:- from a1l minerzls 5. DETATL oF PRODUCTTON oF SAND oR MrNoR MTNERAL rN LAST THREE YEARS IN DISTT. SRNO. Year Sand ( in Mt) 1 2014-ts 2 2015-16 2016-17 Remarks :- Prior to existing rule the sand ghats were managing by Gram Panchayat and no relevant data provided to the concemed Deparhnent. 8 g.l ,: 6. PRoCtrSS oF DEPOSITION OF StrDIMENTS IN THE RIVERS OF THE DISTRICT:- The deposition in a river bed is more pronounced during rainy season although the quantum of deposition varies from stteam to stream depending upon numbers of f'actors such as catclxnent, Iithology, discharge, river profile and geomorphology ol the river course. Where amual deposition is much more even two to three meters, but it is noticed that during flood season whole of the pit so excavatcd is completely filled up and as such the excavated area is replenished with nerv harvest of minerals. The water actjon is perhaps the only agency responsible lor elosion, transportation and deposition of sand and aggregates in the sub continental tropical conditions. The rivers are the most impofiant source of sand in the disftict. Suvemrekha, Kharkhai, sanjay and Karkari rivers are the source of sand and associated aggregates in the district. The passage ofthese rivers is initially through basaltic terrain, where erosion of country rocks and transporlation ma1, be high but may not result in the sand fomation. Climatic conditions, water load and velocity of river and rainthll have a vital role in the entire process of transportation and deposition of sand and associated aggregates. Herc gradient of land is an anothcr impoftant lbctor. The river usually erodes the river base and the banks by hydrualic action and abrasion (corrosion). Here too, abrasion is the most impofiant action which involves rvearing away of the bank and the bedrock by stream water with the help of sand grains (floating, dragging pebbles and gravels and all such small parlicles) that are being ca.rried in it. The floating, dragging and rolling depends upon the size and shape. Cavitations are another method of erosion. Air bubbles trapped in the water get compressed inlo small spaces like cracks in the river's banks. These bubbles eventually implode creating a small shockwave that rveakens the rocks. The shockwaves are very weak but over time the rock will be weakened ?y to the point at which it falls apart. Energy, environment and time are the three factors which detemine the process ol deposition by streams. Thus, when energy decreases to transpofi the load (by reduction in Yelocity or volume of water), a pad of material can no longer be transported and hence deposited. Similarly, the factors ol enviromnent influence the deposition through configuration or shape of the channel. Uneven surface of the channel check the velocity and hence cause deposition. The Time factor actually operates through the above two factors. Thus, when a stream wouid perlbnn the act of deposition may be explained by a statement like "u,henever and rvherever its velocity is appreciably checked. The deposits that are laid dorn by running water are called alluvial, fluvial or fluviatile deposits. fhey all vary greatly in size, shape and mode of origin. Amongst these is first is Alluvial fans and Cones.' these are cone shaped accumulations of stream debris that come down from hills or rr.rountains meet a larger streams or valley floor. These are common in hilly terrains and second most impofiant one in the present context is Flood Plain Deposlts u.hich are resultant of some periods of high rvater levels or flood in a strearn during which it overflorvs its banks and overllows on its sides. These flood wate6 are invariably heavily loaded with sediments of all types which are eventually deposited over inundated areas. Thus a thick layer of such loads is leli after every flood. Another type of flood plain deposits are Natural /elees; which are broad, low ridges formed along the banks of the streams during floods. They genemlly slope away liom stream edge. They form because ofdeposition ofpart of llood rvater load along the banks during floods. As rivers enters into plains, the gradient decreases suddenly and flow in increasingly wide, gentle sided valleys. The channel increases in size to hold the extra water which the river has to receive from its tributaries. As the river gets bigger it can cary larger amounts of material. This rraterial rvill be srnall in size, as larger rocks will have broken up on their way 10 s/ .l-l,1li.-i_li-ij.1:,.:i.:'t:ai _i)I 1;:li:.:I.ai,i,,l,::::Lr::i .1t:. , I .,ii:'.,::.:t , ],);:3.r!'.:-' from the mountains. Much of the material will be carried in suspension and uill erode the river banks by abrasion. When rivers flow over flatter land, they develop large bends called meanders. As a river goes around a bend most of the water is pushed towards the outside causing increased erosion. The river is now eroding sideways into its banks rather than downwards into its bed, a process called lateral erosion. On the inside of the bend, in contrast, there is much less water. The river u'ill therefore be shallow and slow-flowing. It cannot cany as much nraterial and so sand and shingle will be deposited. This is called a point bar or slip off slope. Due to erosion on the outside ofa bend and deposition on the inside, the shape ofa meander rvill change over a period of time. Notice how erosion nalrows the neck of the land $,ithin the meander. In time, and usually during a flood, the rivel u.ill cut right through the neck. The river will then take the new, shofter route. The fastest curent, called the thalweg, rvill now tend to be in the center of the river, and so deposition is likely to occur in gentler water next to the banks. Eventually deposition will block olf the old meander to leave an oxbow lake. The oxbow lake u,ill slowly dry up, only refilling after hear'y rain or during a flood. In order to calculate the mineral deposits in the stream beds, the mineral constituents have been categorized as c1ay, silt, sand, bajri and boulder. llowever during present calculation, the waste material i,e silt which vary frorr l0 to 20% in different streams has also been included in the total production. Furlher the Survey of India Topo-Sheets are used as base map to know the extent of river course. The mineral reseles have been calculated only upto l.00 meter depth although there are some pofiions in the river beds such as channel bars, point bars and cenfal islands *here the annual deposition is raising the level of river bed thus causing shifting ol the rivers towards banks resulting in to cutting of banks and at such locations, removal ofthis material upto the bed level is essential to control the river flovu.in its central part to check the bank cutting. While calculating t}te miner.al 71 ?2" potentials, the mineral deposits lying in the sub-tributaries of that particular stream/river has not been taken into consideiation. Since these mineral deposits are adding annually to the main river, the mineral deposits will be much more' a ftte,attder htnd t![rrr llr... i\ l$r rrxt(r In tha i't\nl! tI.ra ,l,,rrLii' I;rosi('rI I,-!!i llosi"i \ul.r t2 gYY Dit; li;aT 7. GENERAL PROFILE OF TIIE DISTRICT: 7.1 HISTORY In the year 1620, Kumar Bikram Singh First, the third Maharaha Jagnnath Singh, established the Seraikella state, which was merged with:Bihar state after independence and ranked as subdivision merged with the boundaries of Kharsawan State. Later on the basis of territories act in 1950, 39 villages of Chandil, Nimdih and Tamat area were included into it' Seraikella has become the "Mecca" 1br connoisseurs of music and dance Here lies the citadel of world fan.rous chhau dance. The soil ol Selaikella is vibrant rvitb the rhythm of "Chhau" which fancied the imaginations of not only Indian art lovers, but also allured and captivated art lovers across the world, due to its gmce unique charm and grandeur. Sunounded by lush green forests, hillocks, serpent like rivers and rivulets, Saraikella Town is situated on the bank ofKbarkhari River' The district has not only a rich cultural heritage but also has large rrinerals The district also includes the Adityapur Area which is one ofthe biggest industrial area in Asia. Its developuent in Bihar was lackadaisical but after lormation oi Jharkhand state it has been made a district and many development plans have been started to strength an its economic structure' Titirbilla bridge on the the road joining Seraikella Rajnagar, the bridge on Tikal River at lchgarh, causeway at Shakla river outlines the developing steps of the district. Tube wells , tanks and dams are being built tbr the source of drinking water and irrigation The older canals are also being renovated' Ayurvedic medical college, private engineering College, Hospitals and ITI for women are being planned to be established for its educational development. New development programs have been taken up in all nine blocks of the district. The govemment has amounced the distlict as a tourist center as it has n.rany historical and sightseeing places. The day is not very lar olT when Seraikela will become an impofiant district and a center oftourist attraction' ?'/' ] ._,-l:':-_:n :11.--1-,1_li!l!li !l:: lirlt: !1..: :.!-r:a:I,!:!111.i:1 ili:lr!iil"iirl ia.'-i!: 7,2 Physical Features & Geographical Area: Saraikella kharsawan district is situated at the southeast parl of Jharkhand. It has been forrrred by separation from West Singhbhum on l " April 2001 . From the industrial growth and n.rining quarrying point of view this district has its oun impofiance in Jharkhand. Before independence the entire area of Saraikella kharsawan district was parl ofold Manbhum district and old Dhalbhurn estate. The total geographical area ofdistrict is about 2724.55 Sq. kms, About half ofthe total area ol district is covered by residual mountains and hills consisting of granite, phyllites, gneiss, schist. It is a pafi of Chhotanagpur plateau.The Dalma range extends from west to east covered by dense lbrest on the northern side. The Subernarekha River llows from west to south-east direction. The district is rich in minerals and these are found abundantly. From the administrative point of view this district has been divided into two Sub-Division Saraikella and Chandil.The dish'ict consists of nine blocks nanrely Seraikella, Kharsawan, Gamharia, Rajnagar, Kuchai, Chandil, lchagarh, Nimdih & Kukdu. There are 02 Muncipality (Seraikella Nagar Parishad, Adityapur Nagar Parishad) has 321 Panchayat The Head Quarter ofthis district is Seraikella. The Climate of the district is temperate. Annual rainfall is 11631.rm. This area co[res under the path of south-west monsoon so sometimes it receive heav1. rain during July to September,During the summer season temperature vary from 27-33 degree centigrade whereas in rvinter the average temperature is 17 degree centigrade.The district is .dch in minerals and is found abundantly Kyanite Pyroxenite Uranium, Manganese, Iron Ore Quartz, etc are the main minerals. 14 gP SURVEY RTPORT Ol. SERAIKILLA-' East : East Singhbhum District (Jharkhand) West : West Singhbhum & Ranchi (Jharkhard) Nor*r : West Bengal South: Odisha & West Singhbhum(Jharkhand) 7.4 Location Longitudinal Extent : Bet\.\,een 85'30' l4' & 86' 1 5'24" East Latitudinal Extent : Betrveer: 22"29'26' & 23"09'34" North 7.5 Climatc The climate of the area is moderate to extreme and characterized by hot summer and cold winter. Rainfall in this area is also very moderate. The summer season stafis tiom March and continued to June until rain comes and temperature ranges liom 27' to 46'C. May and June are the two months when hot wind blows thoughout the day. Monsoon spans lrom July to September with maximum rains generally in August. Normal rainfall varies from 100cm to 120cm. Humidity reaches highest during monsoon, which varies between 70olo to 80%, but in summer, it goes down to 25%. Winter stafts at November and continues to February with its acme in January mostly. Temperature varies from 25'C to l0"C normally. ln some day it goes down to 4-5'C with a cold rvave from north. The underground water resources of the area are poor and surlhce waters mainly from ponds are not available in summer. Dug wells are generally shallow and trap thc shallow local underground pools, which become dry in summer. Rainlall is thc main source of ground water recharge but most part of it passes away as surface 15 6Zt.4tr-t ,.' :,1: I ll:. :- ::: .':t:Ja,:.lliii i l;l -t.jt i-{:a'l-.: ;;:; ..,i.':t:r!:-:}::j :1i'..i,-a.Ii ' .'...1 ixnoff. Watff retention capacity of soil or regolith is poor in this area as soil thickness is minimum at many places. The tbllowing varieties ofplants are present such as Mango, Neem, Kul (Ber), Jam, Sal, Bot, Shimul, Bel, Gamar,Babool etc. The crops in this area mainly depend on good monsoon. Rice is the principal crop lbllowed by rvheat, maize etc. Ravi and kharif crops are grown in very limited areas where water supply in winter is present. Potato and other vegetables grow along the channel tloors where the thickness of soil is much more and contain water or moisfure. Vegetation & Forest In this district deciduous type of forest is found in which Sal, Gamhar, Mahua, Palash, Bamboo, Shrubs and grass are the main vegetation. Due to industrialization and large scale of mining quarrying deforestation has taken place. There is a Dalma wild animal sanctuary for elephants, the highest peak of Dalma 3000mts is situated in Chandil which attracts many tourists. 7.7 Socio-trconomicConditior In this District Deciduous type of forest is found in which Sal, Gamliar, Mahua, Palash, Bamboo, Shrubs and grass are the main vegetation. Due to industrialization and large scale olmining quanying deforestation has taken place. There is a Dalma wild animal sanctuary for elephants, which is very signiticant in scenario ofthe nation. Q,ry | ,.- }ISTRICT Sf]RVEY R]]PORT OF SER{'KELLA-' No. of Sub Divisions 02 No. ofBlocks 09 No. of Panchayats t32 Total No. ofvillage t 1,18 Total Area 2,724.55 sq. km. Total Forest Area 58572.39 Hec. Longitudinal Extent 85'30'14"E to 86" l5'24'E Latitudinal Extent 22'29'26"N to 23'09'34"N Total Population 1065056 Total Male Population 5444r1 Total Female Population .. s20645 Total Literacv Rate 67.7% Male Literacv Rate 79.03% Female Literacv Rate 55.88% Child population (0-6 Year) 159,596 Lihild Populatiou (0-6 Years) to Total 14.98 Population (%) Sex Ratio 958 Density (persons per sq. km.) . 390/km2 (1,000/sq mi) Sourc'e: httn: ' e ra il' e la.l ic. i rr 7.9 Flora & Fauna The buzzing diversity olflora ard fauna gives us a view ofnature at its best. The Dalma wild Iife sanctuary is located in the Dalma lbrest ar.ea between Jamshedpur and Chandil is a treat to the eyes. The major folest trees are Sal (Shorearobusta), Aglaia, Schleichera, Paisarptercocarpusschleichera, Schlebera, Asna (Terminaliatomentosa), Shisu (Dalbergialatifolia), Kend (Diospyrosmelanoxylon), Bengal ebony, bahera 17 ?/ .--.--. t gAIiD DISTIi:C1' SI:RVEY T'iEP{)RT OF S[[IA:'{']-I-A-XHARSAW-{N D]S?'ICT FOR (Terminaliabelerica), Karam (Adina cordifolia), bel (Aeglemarelos), salai (Boswelliaserata), mahua (Bassialatifolia), sanjina (Moringapterygosperma), nim (Meliaindica), banyan (Ficusindica), pipal (Ficusreligiosa), tamarind(Tamarindusindica), katal (Artocarpusintegrifolia), bamboo (Dendrocalamu sstrictus). Seraikella-Kharsawan has a rich variety of flora and fauna. The Dalma Wild Life Sanctuary. The clearing ofjungle into cultivated arable land has reduced the stock of wild life animals although the area still possesses variety of animals' There is large variety of wildlife, including, elephants, leopard, bear, fox, hyaena, jackal, sambhars, wild boar, pythons, spotted deer (chitals), rabbits, barking deer, wild pig and foxes. The tltammalian fauna also include langurs and rhesus monkeys. The lesser mammals are the porcupines, hares, wild cats, honey badgers, Malabar giant squinels, mongooses, wolves, antelopes etc. Rhodents, mice, hares are also found in the forest area. Peacock, pea-fowl, pigeons, duck, snipe and water fowl are also found the forest region. The common snakes found the region area krait, cobra, viper and banded krait. Bees, wasps, ticks, ants, termites cockroaches, butterflies are represent common insects lound in the area. 7.10 Vegetation The forests are found scattered throughout the district but the bulk lies in east -west direction where it runs unbroken in long stretches covering a number of steep rocky hills and intetvening valleys. This type of topography becomes a determining factor in the distribution, nature and type of vegetation which varies fiom a dry thomy type ori very dry, exposed, badly eroded rocky hills to serni- evergreen type in sheltered damp valleys. But apalt from these two extreme types, the ruling vegetation is moist tropical deciduous forest which tends to become dry deciduous on ridges and exposed spurs on open southem aspects. 18 PY . ; 'ri l 1) i:.]..,,il!.!,:i :..1,11,1i' l:l ..!il i!.i:1,11,!,1,1'-:::5.1r'::,,:11!'!':illll]l:-r-5:ll -r.::lr The Gymnosperm, Gnetumscandens is found in this district in the valleys' The stemless palm, phoenix acaulis, though seen elsewhere also on the Chotanagpur and Palamauplateaux is abundant. Especially in the area south of Tatanagarcassythafillifonr.tis, the green thread like parasite, several species of lomnthus and several epiphytic orchids are seen here. The white barked goufl stemmed trees of Sterculiaurens and Boswelliaserrata are very conspicuous against the background ofthe black rocks. 7.11 Language The languages in Saraikella Khatsawan mostly come from three distinct stocks. One is the Munda lamily of languages which includes Ho, Mundari Santhali, Mahili, Bhumij and Kharia. The other is the Dravidian family ol languages which includes Oraon, Telugu, Tamil and Gondi. The rest are of the Indo-Aryan stock rvhich includes Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Oriya, Gujrati, Nepali, Marwari, Punjabi, etc 7.12 Daily Life Different income-groups of peoPle in the urban areas have a somewhat diflerent type of daily life. But lil'e in the tural areas is of more or less the samc pattem for all classes. Among this section of people mid-day meals usualll' consists of cooked rice and spinach (sag) or some vegetables or dal. They come back home in the evening and after a wash take their principal meal and retire. This meal is also ofthe same type and is usually taken quite eally and by 8 PM or so the family income by working in the house of some rich neighbor and they would kecp themselves busy in doing household work, such as cooking, washing of clothes' looking alter the children or doing household work, such as cooking washing of clothes, looking after the children or doing a little marketing. Such rvomenfolk may also have to scrape grass or pluck fiuits or twigs for their cattle, which is to be done in the day. 19 vy I):ST'{,CT StIRVEY RTPORT Oa Sa:{All{alLA-(flAnSAB-,{l'i D:sT,il{l'r t{}Ii SAN;} 8. LAND UTILIZATION PATTERN IN THE DISTRICT: A. LAND UTILIZATION i) Total Area(in Hectarc) 2010-l I 28'1544,79 ii) Forest covbr(in 2010-11 58s72.39 Ilectare) iii) Non Agriculture 2010-11 26232.02 Lard(in Hectare) iv) cultivable Barren 2010-11 13,153.00 land(in Hectare) ,' : . r'oREsT \- rest(in Hectare) 2010-11 58572.39 20 YY' :::::11:j:t-:i:i,:-,li,1j::i!j!-:,j.1..,.:.11.:t,.i,,]1''l,i::ai:.:1_.1,:.::ir']:r.::ti::{):a:i.,11i1: 9. PHYSIOGRAPHY: The Swarnarekha River has been controlled by strike of the rocks especiallyphyJlites rvhich are in contact with the Dalma lavas and the river course hasfollowed across the anticlinal ridges. The drainage of the whole area is contlolledby Swarnarekha and K}tarkhai River. Kharkhai river is somewhat stlucturally controlled by Singhbhum Shear zone ( SSZ) and helps to drain in the south west. The nofthern Dalma ridge is the dominant volcanic hill fomed a mountain rangeof considerable prominence above the Tetiary plain. Physiographically the district shows the dendritic drainage pattem. Here both consequent and subsequent river are found. The main river is Suvermekha and Kharkhai showing 61h river order. District has undulating hills in south near to Singhbum shear zone and has also flat area in the norlhen side. Two river basin are pron.iinent here i.e kharkhai and Suvemrekha. Suvemrekha river originating near Piska.Nagri in Ranchi traverses through Ranchi, Saraikel- kharsawn and East Singhbhum district. It eventually joins theBay of Bengal near Talsari in Bengal. It's impoftant tributary is kharkai river which originates in Mayurbhanj distr.ict of Odisa, flows past Rairangpur and heads north to about Seraikella and tums east to meet Suvemrekha in NW ofJamshedpur. 10. RAIN FALL MONTH WISE: ftiB L ocllNorlDE %DE 9'.,D v"D yort v"D Y,D ld/t' WF R/F wt R/F DE L/t EP EP f,P EP EP EP EI' E Iro P it 0 -l]6.9 -51 3i63 I 269.6 88 n:l 29 21.2 100 l4l6 119.1 280.1 t3 261 ,l 251.1 250 -100 8l -61 ,6.1 26 ,1(r0 .16.5 ,10 31 :1313 2919 l0i 6 (6). ,8 r00 00 -l l]:l -26 0.0 t00 1.1t) -16 t6i l9l -23 -jj -68 136 ,t00 00 -l 9.9 39 935 82 J12 -68 271 1 38 271.6 9 Li.4 -til 0.0 -100 -t Sourcc:- http:/,/hydro.imd.gov.i[ftydrometweb/(S(hr 0kyrv,l5e$piza3,11ie31345))/1a1lding.aspx 21 gM- , r!. ::::r,:. ::t.t.i, :.:1.11t . :l:1-:ai, I i{}!r.1.:l} 11. GEOLOGY & MINERAL WEALTH: GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF JHARKIIAND The Older Metamorphics of Singhbhum region is believed to be the oldest rock exposed in the state constituting the basement of the Iron (Jre Series. The OMG Orogenic Cycle continued to operate till 3000Ma whereas the Iron Ore Orogeny cycle continued up to 2000Ma in the Southem Singhbhum. The Singhbhum Orogeny continued up to 905-934Ma in the Northem singhbhum' The lorv and high grade facies rocks in the Northem singhbhum al'e the stratigraphic equivalent and their juxtaposition had been brougllt about by the Singhbhurr.r Thrust. The end of Iron Orogeny was marked by intrusion of Singhbhun.r Granite, Polyphase defonr.ration and metamorphism in the Nodhen Singhbhum. This phase of polyphase defomation, metamoryhism and igneous intrusion culminated in upliftment olthe Precambrian rocks ofthe state. This resulted in to development of a stable and cratonized Prccambrian terrain. This was lollowed by a prolonged period of denudtion and sedimentation. A nun.rber of sedimentary groups have formedduring this period. The Kolhan Group and the Vindhyan Group are such examples in South Singhbl.rum and in Garhwa district respectively. After this there was a big pause in the geological history of the state. At the end of the Paleozoic era i.e. towards the Upper Carboniferous a new series of changes took place manifested by gravity block faultir.rg in the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss terrain. This resulted in development ofa number ofa nun.rber of basin in which deposition of sediments in glacial condition (talchir), fluvial and lacustrine conditions with intercalated plant remains, flood plains and shallorv lakes (Panchet) and arid condition took place. The post-Panchet and Pre- Mahadeva period witnessed traverse faulting in the Gondwana basin. After this the crust of the earth is appeared to have experienced regional tension resulting in 22 \./Pry' ,l 'i:3-:; il:: -l::-(.f,.i !1,:,1 ' . t:!r:a!:: ::lr i11al.:..1' : : ', .llll'[.., ' l::i:- outpouring of vast quantity of basaltic lava and volcanic material forming Rajmahal Traps. After the Rajmahal period, the Jharkhand region did not experienced any n.rajor geological activity. GEOLOGY Jharkhand state a pafi ofthe Indian Peninsular Shield is a cratonic blocks of the earlh's crust. Jharkhand is known for diversified geological set up. The whole of Singhbhum region is considered as a natural geological n.ruseum. Geologically, Jharkhand consist of dillerent types of rocks formations ranging from Precambrian to Cenozoic Era. Structurally the state can be devided into "Southern Singhbhum Province" and "Norlhern Singhbhum Province" devided by Tamar - Khatra(TKF) popularly kroun as the "Nofthern Singhbhum Shear Zone". The famous "Singhbhum Thrust " is the store house of several impofiant minerals traversir.rg East Singhbhum, West Singhbhum and saraikella - kharsawan district. The SSZ is the host to mineral occunence oleconomic imporlance. This belt hosts several copper, uranium and apatite - magnetite and several other deposits. Besides these nickel, gold, molybdenum, silver, tellurium and selenium are also extracted as by- products from the copper and uranium ores. Geologically saraikella- kharsawa district lies neares to ihe Singhbhum Shear Zone and Dalma Thrust and SSZ is the store house of mineral hence there are nutrbers of economic and stratigical minerals. Here the mining activity is involved in sand as in Jodia, Tiruldih,Seherbera etc. Quartzite as in Patahesel (Seraikella), Jaikam (Gamharia) Stone as in Lengdih (Chandil), Medki (Rajnagar) besides this Uranium is also extracted from Mahuldih (Gmharia). Besides above minerals saraikella-kharsawa is also rich in lron Ole, Kyanite, Potstone, soapstone, Pyrophyllite. l/'A,l9 i);:tTti: sa iivIY RT OF SERA]KELLA:IqARSAW nasTal{:r oR sA:! LEOENO l 'll -l 1,.:3 !i t- -1 -l .#f 9""-, " wEST BENGAL l "l l Generalized geological map ofJharkhand and adjoining regions (Modified after Mahadevan, 2000) 24 ry f }ORT OF SERAIKELLIASAB Generalized Stratigraphic Succession ofArchaean - Protcrozoic of Singhbhum province (modified by GSI after Stha et al', 1988) Arkasoni Grcnophyre, Sodo Gtanite A.7Go Kolhan Grcup p GongputGtouP Qu o nnte, d ah ni k, htti I it e, --- Un.onlotmity-' u I t rc i cs, q u o rtzite s D alomo/Dho nioi/ongd ft iro GrcuP M dfi cs, ma J aroup (gonoi aroup?) c2.4-2-3 Gd Dholbhum Formotion -snghbhum chaiboso Fo notion - -UnconJarmity ---- Newet Doleite dyket ond sills UndiJfe re ntioteti 3.1Ga Singhbhun Gronite(SBG-B) Phdse I lron Ore SupergtouQ TIJJ o ce ou s sho I e, p hy I I ite, tuJt's, BtF, Ieruqiniauschert, lacai dolomites, dcid intemediate, bosic ultrobosic v a lca ni c, q u o rtzite s o n d co n g lom e rote. (Lowet Bonoi gtou??) Qu d rtz ite, B I F, m eto ma rp ho s e d corumdhlsoni Grou? moJic ond ultrdmofic valcanic, chertv orcnites, Snghbhun cranitelSac'A) Phose t & C 3.3 Go )/chakrudhdryur Grdnite c3-4 3.5 Gd Oldet Metdmorphk Tondlite Gne''[,s pMrc) (fotdins & Pelitic Schist, qu o dzite , & otde r Meto morphic GtouP(oMG ) olaMG OMTG) 25 s* I'ISTRICT SURVf,Y REPORT OF SERd]Kf,LLA.(IIARSAWAN DISTRICT FOR SAND Mineable minerals Average width Area Portion of the Length of aaea potential of area recommended River or necommended (in recommended for minerals River or Stream for minemls metric s.No for minerals concession Stream Reaommended concession tonne) for Minerals aonaession (in squa.e 160% ol Concession (in Xilometer) (in meters) meter) total mineral potential) 01 Sanjay Vrjay 0.188 67 72667 7-1707 02 Kharkhai cudda o.764 100.64 76893 103805 03 Kharkhai Sindhukopa Block -1( Plot 0.424 79.699 33792 45619 No 1247) Sindhukopa Block -rI( Plot 0.364 707.067 34972 52672 No 1230) TOTAL 98237 o4 Kharkhai Tentoposi Block 1( Plot 0.408 737.279 56010 75674 No - 622) Tentoposi Block -q Plot 0.44a !42.729 63943 86323 No - 2016) TOTAL 167937 05 Kharkhai Aanwlatanr 0.180 53.96 9773 13772 06 Kharkhai LJdaipur 0.180 45.315 4337 77255 o1 Suvarnrekha Kapali 0.8 40.47 32376 43708 08 Xharkhai Naro 0.954 32.7 45 31566 42674 09 Suvarnrekha Khokhro 7.02 777.045 119386 767771. 26 &u(> DISTRICT SI]RVTY REPORT OT SIRAIXELLA.KfIARSAWA N DISTRICT FOR SAITI) 10 Suvarnrekha lorgodih 7.32 792.293 2s3427 342666 Remarks:- (i). Khokro- within 500 mts periphery bridge exist, and there is no approach road. (i, Saraikella Nonh & Saraikella South- Chath Ghat and within 500 mts periphery religious place exist. (Co Recommendation) (iii) Udaipur- within 500 mts periphery bridge exist. (iv) Vijay- within 500 mts periphery bridge exist (Aerial distance) (v) Adityapur - I ,I & Kulupatanga - Tracing map is not available and it can be prepared after field verification by Amin after water level descends below sand ghat level that's why survey could not be done. 27 'qb$.l// l)ISTRICT Sl.RVav AEP{):{f Op Slil.tAtlalLaA-Ii.H.dldSA1V.{N D:STil,Uli'I'OR SA}{!) DRAINAGE SYSTEM WITH DESCRIPTION OF MAIN RIVERS S. No. Name ofthe River Area drained (Sq, Km) 7o Area draitrcd in the District 1 Sona fuver 0.84 0.032 2 Kuchai Nala 0.65 0.024 Sanjai Nadi 9.2s 0.358 4 Kharkhai River 23.06 0.867 5 Sona River 3.t7 0.1 19 6 Suvemarekha River 42.55 1.600 7 Sanka River 1.07 0.040 8 Shobha River 1.03 0.039 SALIENT FEATI-IRES OF IMPORTANT RIYERS AND STREAMS: Total Length in Altitude at Name ofthe River or S. No, the District (in Place ofOrigin Stream km) I Sona River 52.48 2 Kuchai Nala 34.82 Saniai Nadi 2t.46 4 Kharkhai River 97.96 Odisha 5 Sona River 17.s8 6 Suvemarekha River 6t.t6 Chtonagpur Plataeu ,7 Santa River 14.85 8 Shobha River 1t.96 MINERAL POTENTIAL Boulder (MT) RWER BED SAND(NiT) Iotal Mineable BAJRI (MT) Mincral Potential (MT) 28 QY :)hl:i-:lL-a-11i1:::-li:.:.:i1l.l:r::riri:-li-i.---i,;:t:,...,':"1.:],U-if*:illlir-:'::-! 12. RECOMMENDATIONS & CONCLUSIONS: During the preparation of the present leport prominent rivers/ streams has been studied in detail, as the rest ofthe streamshivers either have very insignificant annual replenishmenV approachability problem or are very narow at most of the places and as such are not ht for grant of mineral concession however it is also impofiant to mention here that because of the regular demand of sand, stone ard bajri tbr the developmental activities in the respective areas, such streams are prone to illegal mining, It is suggested that the auctions of quarries be done regularly to meet out the local demand subject to the approval from the joint Inspection Committee as per Jharkhand Minor Mineral Rules 2017 .These nineral concessions shall also reduce demand load and will be helpful to minimize illegal extraction of minerals, failure of which may result in to illegal mining at odd hours and shall be haphazard and more detrimental to the local ecology. Irrespective of it lollowing geo-scientifltc considerations are also suggested to be taken into account during the river bed mining in a particular area: l. Abandoned stream channels or terrace and inactive floodplains may be pref'erred rather than active channels and their deltas and 11ood plains. 2. Stream should not be divefied to fonn inactive channel. 3. Mining below subterranean water level should be avoided as a safeguard against environmental contamination and over exploitation oiresources. 4. Large rivers and streams whose periodic sediment replenishment capacities are larger, may be preferred thirn smaller rivers. 5. Segments of braided river system should be used preferably falling within the lateral miglation area of the river regime that enhances the feasibility of sediment replenishment. 29 {M avoided to prevent 6. Mining at the concave side of the river channel should be selected for bank erosion. Similarty meandering segment of a river should be promote tnining on mining in such a way as to avoid natural eroding banks and to naturally building (aggrading) meander cornponents' will induce 7. Continued riverbe 30 6)w* l) .,' 8. Mining arca should bc demarcated on the ground with Pucca pillrrs so as to avoid illcgal unscicntifi c miiiing. 9. Sincc thc survey is carried out in rainy season, almost all sand glats arc \\atcr loggcd. IJcncc another survcy should be done in post monsoon period. 10. It is recommended that Sub Divisional Level Commitlee !ra)' talie inlt) consideration all its relcvant aspects / data rvhile scrutinizine and rccommcnding the application for EC to the concemed Authority. V- /1 4 -Z,V\r n'{NY)- Ex. Etrgg. Minor IrrigatioD DftIO Sari kella- I(ha r11wa n Srrikella-Kharsarvan \*^ S*V ttka Dn Dbector Geolory SinghbhuE' Sarikclla-Kharsartan"Yd4 Deputy Commissioner Sarikella-Kharsar{an 33 DISTR'CT SURVEY RI]PORT Oi' SERAIKE:LA-KHARSAWAN D:STR'CT FOR SAND i -\- t Li i I I t., t, {lII ) l It )t-t' (F, ..-.1 \s , \ \-h t I , !,'; i, I 32 DI '.. .-t.-.i' i: q"n 33 DISTRICT SURVEY RtrPORT OF SERAIKDLLA-KHARSAWAN D]STRICT TOR SANI) * tr'fr l-: I rr"r. t-_tri ,P ,:,='r. d F ,. F 1I () i \ Nh ! lt ,+ \-L; /6! ft I p{; . 1.-:, E. FF il- p--i5 . S r'E'i, 6 [" F ?Ef li{ , r, nl +[! P:, .'.i - F.-& ,--o._! Ll . i' r,1 i. F{c II I 34 DISTR:CT SURVXY RtrPORT O' SERAIKOLLA-K-}IARSAW-4.N DI!!8!ET IIQEIIND -.ll- + '.: : t1i / i. +/ -r: 35 I'IS?RICT SURVEY RIPORT OP SERAIKtrLLA-XHARSAWAN DISTRICT T'OR SAI{I' I I i tf .d ;: I iY I 'il tr ii hts .tl F t r E' TI u E- E 36 DISTRICT SURVEY REPORT OP SERA]KI]LLA-(HARSAWAN D]STRICT IOR SAND I I )\ LJ L ,b .YL F T tft t* Ir I I Lr,\ l. UII 37 E ,L (:- --* f t1:T L. I + r h ;t[] F/ -il ilt- ts lu .+ F E ,I $ -- I lJ tr tir $) 38 }ISTRICT SfIRYTY RIPORT OF SERA:KEILA-(HARSAWAN D]STRICT IOR SAND -a-. :.'-&. - "e4 & *ii+- 39 }ISIRICT SURVEY RXPORT 03 SERAIKI]LLA-KHARSAWAN IXSTruCT TOR SANI) .+- s lJ s<,q-\er !,;r.; * -,, r ;i t eg <., tt -ot GYr<,Yq1'5 !-. '*;r"rd a;t,t. ;l*^r 40 DISTR:CT SURV'Y REPORT O}' SERAIKELLA-] L I ! \ I t. \l I \\ I \r \ \ \ \ \ Tz:-qlg qle Era q {I € rlqr+ 1a"1 rr4 r{ q( gal wE 15SI 6?1 1661 I -00 +IcRTc }Iqt trlt-'rar *re qel.t r rfl ,. "*r*" .i,";.* eift aftrflir 41