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Scientific Report 2011 / 2012 Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh
Scientific Report 2011 / 2012 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Scientific Report 2011/2012 November 2012 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1 · 40237 Düsseldorf Germany Front cover Oxygen is one of the critical components that give rise to the excellent mechanical properties of Ti-Nb based gum metal (Ti−23Nb−0.7Ta− 2Zr−1.2O at%) and its complex deformation mechanism. Yet, its role is not fully clear, for which reason an extensive project is being carried out at MPIE (see highlight article on page 113). As a part of this project, deformation structures in gum metal (Ti−22.6Nb−0.47Ta−1.85Zr−1.34O at%) are compared to those in a reference alloy that has the same chemical composition, but no oxygen (Ti−22.8Nb−0.5Ta−1.8Zr at%). The cover page shows a light microscope image of a sample of the reference alloy deformed in uniaxial tension, revealing mechanically-induced crystallographic twin steps on a priorly-polished surface (1 cm corresponds to approx. 125 µm). Imprint Published by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany Phone: +49-211-6792-0 Fax: +49-211-6792-440 Homepage: http://www.mpie.de Editorship, Layout and Typesetting Yasmin Ahmed-Salem Gabi Geelen Brigitte Kohlhaas Frank Stein Printed by Bonifatius GmbH Druck-Buch-Verlag Paderborn, Germany © November 2012 by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf All rights reserved. PREFACE This report is part of a series documenting the scientific activities and achievements of the Max-Planck- Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH (MPIE) in 2011 and 2012. -
Neurosciences YEARBOOK 2018 / 2019
Georg-August-Universität Göttingen International Max Planck Research School Neurosciences Max Planck Institutes for • Biophysical Chemistry • Experimental Medicine MSc/PhD/MD-PhD Program • Dynamics and Self- Organization German Primate Center Gottingen European Neuroscience Institute Göttingen www.gpneuro.uni-goettingen.de YEARBOOK 2018 / 2019 MSc/PhD/MD-PhD Neuroscience Program at the University of Göttingen International Max Planck Research School Yearbook 2018/2019 Yearbook Index Letter from the University ...........................................................................................................................................1 Letter from the Max Planck Society ............................................................................................................................2 Overview .....................................................................................................................................................................3 Intensive Course Program (First Year) ........................................................................................................................4 Lectures and Tutorials .................................................................................................................................................4 Methods Courses .......................................................................................................................................................5 Laboratory Rotations ..................................................................................................................................................5 -
AR 2018 V22-CG RC 10-12-2019.Indd
associated with the Max Planck Society ANNUAL REPORT 2018 PREFACE 2 CAESAR As a neuroethology institute, the research groups at neurobiological basis of magnetic orientation in mam- caesar study how the collective activity of the vast mals. The arrival of the new groups will add to the num- numbers of interconnected neurons in the brain gives ber of species studied at caesar and the experimental rise to the plethora of animal behaviors. To this end, our approaches to study core questions of neuroscience. research groups and departments bring a collectively To ensure that caesar is in a position to fully implement unique combination of experimental and computational its ambitious scientific concept, a plan was developed approaches together. Our research spans a large range to modernize and expand our core scientific facilities, of temporal and spatial scales, from nano-scale imag- which was fully endorsed by the Foundation Board in ing of brain circuitry to large-scale functional imaging December 2018. of thousands of neurons in the brain, to the quantifi- cation of natural animal behavior across many species. Given that a major current challenge in neuroscience is how to integrate findings at disparate scales, we in- Over the past year we have continued to build caesar vited a range of internationally renowned scientists, into a unique neuroethology institute. As a vibrant re- from both experimental and theoretical neuroscience, search environment requires a critical mass of young to share their expertise on how to bridge between rel- researchers, in 2018 we held a search symposium with evant scales of brain structure and function as well as the aim of attracting two new group leaders to fill va- between experimental data, numerical simulations and cancies created by outgoing group leaders who moved conceptual models. -
Fundamental Questions
Schriften zur Gleichstellung 51 Ulla Weber (ed.) Fundamental Questions Gender Dimensions in Max Planck Research Projects Nomos https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748924869, am 01.10.2021, 11:01:50 Open Access - http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/agb Schriften zur Gleichstellung herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Susanne Baer Marion Eckertz-Höfer Prof. Dr. Jutta Limbach ✝ Prof. Dr. Heide Pfarr Prof. Dr. Ute Sacksofsky Band 51 https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748924869, am 01.10.2021, 11:01:50 Open Access - http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/agb BUT_Weber_7096-0_OA-online.indd 2 14.04.21 13:13 Ulla Weber (ed.) Fundamental Questions Gender Dimensions in Max Planck Research Projects Nomos https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748924869, am 01.10.2021, 11:01:50 Open Access - http://www.nomos-elibrary.de/agb BUT_Weber_7096-0_OA-online.indd 3 14.04.21 13:13 Open Access funding provided by Max Planck Society. Proofreading: Verena Fuchs, Corinna Pusch, Peter Love, Birgit Kolboske. The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de ISBN 978-3-8487-7096-0 (Print) 978-3-7489-2486-9 (ePDF) British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-3-8487-7096-0 (Print) 978-3-7489-2486-9 (ePDF) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Weber, Ulla Fundamental Questions Gender Dimensions in Max Planck Research Projects Ulla Weber (ed.) 235 pp. Includes bibliographic references. 1st Edition 2021 © Ulla Weber (ed.) Published by Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. -
AR 2019 Design V30.Indd
Annual Report 2019 www.caesar.de PREFACE ber to bring together the scientists at caesar to share their scientific work. This was, in particular, an excellent oppor- As a neuroethology institute, the research groups at caesar tunity for doctoral students to gain experience delivering study the neuronal basis of behavior - how the collective informative seminars. Finally, the new public outreach initi- activity of the interconnected neurons in the brain gives ative, the caesar Public Lab, officially opened in 2019. Over rise to the diversity of animal behaviors. To this end, our the year we invited biology classes from the surrounding research groups and departments bring a unique combi- schools to spend a day in the public lab learning about the nation of experimental and computational approaches to- neuroethology research performed at caesar. Students ran gether to study behaviors in a wide range of animal species. experiments and made behavioral observations of the lar- Our research spans a large range of temporal and spatial val zebrafish and learned about how genetic mutations and scales, from nanometer-scale imaging of brain circuitry to neuronal circuitry can alter animal behaviors. The Public large-scale functional imaging of thousands of neurons in Lab has been enthusiastically received by teachers and we the brain, to the quantification of natural animal behavior. expect this form of public outreach to only grow in coming Over the past year we have continued to grow caesar into years. a unique neuroethology institute by successfully recruiting additional independent group leaders. Dr. Aneta Koseska We anticipate that the up and coming year at caesar will was awarded a highly competitive Lise Meitner Excellence be as productive as the past year, providing a fruitful and Program award from the Max Planck Society and selected collaborative research environment for studying problems caesar as the institution to host her new research group. -
In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Insights Into Structure and Function of the Central Nervous System
INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Meas. Sci. Technol. 16 (2005) R17–R36 doi:10.1088/0957-0233/16/4/R01 REVIEW ARTICLE In vivo magnetic resonance imaging: insights into structure and function of the central nervous system Oliver Natt and Jens Frahm Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am Max-Planck-Institut fur¨ biophysikalische Chemie, Am Faßberg 11, 37070 Gottingen,¨ Germany E-mail: [email protected] Received 25 February 2004, in final form 22 November 2004 Published 24 February 2005 Online at stacks.iop.org/MST/16/R17 Abstract Spatially resolved nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques provide structural, metabolic and functional insights into the central nervous system and allow for repetitive in vivo studies of both humans and animals. Complementing its prominent role in diagnostic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has evolved into an indispensable research tool in system-oriented neurobiology where contributions to functional genomics and translational medicine bridge the gap from molecular biology to animal models and clinical applications. This review presents an overview on some of the most relevant advances in MRI. An introduction covering the basic principles is followed by a discussion of technological improvements in instrumentation and imaging sequences including recent developments in parallel acquisition techniques. Because MRI is noninvasive in contrast to most other imaging modalities, examples focus on in vivo studies of the central nervous system in a variety of species ranging from humans to mice and insects. Keywords: blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast, central nervous system (CNS), diffusion, echo-planar imaging (EPI), fast low angle shot (FLASH), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetization transfer (MT) contrast, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), partially parallel acquisition (PPA) (Some figures in this article are in colour only in the electronic version) 1. -
02 Scientific Report 2013-2015 Impressum Vorwort
Scientific Report 2013 - 2015 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Scientific Report 2013 - 2015 November 2015 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1 · 40237 Düsseldorf Germany Front cover The figure shows a snapshot of a moving grain boundary obtained by large-scale molecular dynamics simulations in the Department of Computational Materials Design. In contrast to previous studies, mesoscale features such as the migration via steps and kink sites are accurately included. The figure shows only the lower grain while atoms of the upper grain have been rendered invisible for clarity. The color indicates the height profile of the atoms. The direction normal to the grain boundary has been stretched to emphasize the step structure. Authors: Sherri Hadian, Blazej Grabowski, Jörg Neugebauer Imprint Published by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany Phone: +49-211-6792-0 Fax: +49-211-6792-440 Homepage: http://www.mpie.de Editorship, Layout and Typesetting Yasmin Ahmed Salem Katja Hübel Brigitte Kohlhaas Frank Stein Printed by Bonifatius GmbH Druck-Buch-Verlag Paderborn, Germany © November 2015 by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf All rights reserved. PREFACE This report documents the scientific activities and achievements of researchers at the Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH (MPIE) between 2013 and 2015. Moreover, we present some long-term methodo- logical developments in the fields of computational materials science, advanced microstructure characteriza- tion, electrochemistry and synthesis. The mission of the MPIE lies in understanding and designing complex nanostructured materials under real environmental conditions down to the atomic and electronic scales. -
• Discovery of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance • Invention of MR Imaging Methods • Advancements in MRI Hardware and Imaging Methods • Trends in MRI Utilization
8/4/2012 Geoffrey D. Clarke University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio • Discovery of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance • Invention of MR Imaging Methods • Advancements in MRI Hardware and Imaging Methods • Trends in MRI Utilization 1 8/4/2012 • 1902 Nobel Laureate in Physics • In recognition of the extraordinary service he (and HA Lorentz) rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena. • Spectral lines split into even more lines in the presence of a Zeeman Effect static magnetic field. Where several lines appear, forming a complex pattern, is actually more common than the normal Zeemen effect. ∆ 2 Note: is the constant known Energy as the “gyromagnetic ratio” Bo= 0 Bo = 1 T Bo = 2 T 2 8/4/2012 • Wolfgang Pauli hypothesized to existence of “spin” in c.1925 • “Spin” is inherent to PAM Dirac’s 1928 formulation of relativistic quantum mechanics. • Physicists realize that charged particles with “spin” should exhibit magnetic properties • 1944 Nobel Laureate in Physics • for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei. • In 1937 he showed that nuclei were magnetic by measuring their deflection in a magnetic field. 3 8/4/2012 • From Stanford, 1952 Nobel Laureate in Physics • With Purcell for development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith (1946). • Was an expert on the design of strong magnets • Demonstrated NMR in water samples • From MIT, 1952 Nobel Laureate in Physics • With Bloch for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith. • Demonstrated NMR in paraffin. -
Fast MRI in Medical Diagnostics
Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Dr. Carmen Rotte Head of public relations Am Faßberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany phone: +49 551 201-1304 Email: [email protected] Press Release April 24, 2018 Fast MRI in medical diagnostics Jens Frahm nominated for the European Inventor Award 2018 The European Patent Office has nominated physicist Jens Frahm of the Max Planck Institute (MPI) for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen as one of the three finalists in the category research. The prize is awarded in five categories and honors individual inventors and teams who have helped find technical answers to the most pressing challenges of our time. The winner will be elected in Paris, Saint-Germain-en-Laye (France) on June 7, 2018. In nominating Jens Frahm, the European Patent Office is honoring his breakthrough developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In two steps, the scientist and his team succeeded in speeding up MRI by a factor of up to 10,000: FLASH MRI, which has become one of the most important clinical imaging methods worldwide, was developed in the mid-1980s. Then, in 2010, the researchers in Göttingen achieved a breakthrough to real-time MRI with the FLASH2 method. FLASH2 makes it possible for the first time to film processes inside the body in real time. It is currently being tested for clinical use at a number of hospitals in Germany and abroad. Does a patient have brain tissue abnormalities? Have an accident victim’s internal organs been damaged? Is there a herniated disc? Is a patient’s heart function impaired? To answer such questions, radiologists turn to MRI – and FLASH technology. -
Scientific Report 2005 / 2006 Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh
Scientific Report 2005 / 2006 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Scientific Report 2005/2006 December 2006 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1 · 40237 Düsseldorf Germany Front cover The SEM image reveals the morphology of melt-atomized and rapidly solidified eutectic iron-boron powder particles with composition Fe – 4wt.%B which experienced extre- mely high cooling rates of the order of 5·104 to 5·105 K/s by quenching in an argon inert gas jet. The small satellite particles of less than 3µm in size are in the amorphous state and have the composition Fe80B20. The „coarser“ powder particle consists of primarily solidified metastable borides Fe3B surrounded by a fine-grained eutectic of α iron and Fe3B borides. The metastable Fe3B crystals possess the orthorhombic D011 or tetragonal D0e crystal structures as determined by X-ray diffraction. In the centre of the borides the retained eutectic reveals a „Chinese script“ microstructure. Imprint Published by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany Phone: +49-211-6792-0 Fax: +49-211-6792-440 E-mail: [email protected] Homepage: http://www.mpie.de Editors Frank Stein Gerhard Sauthoff Graphics Petra Siegmund Layout and Typesetting Frank Stein Printed by Werbedruck GmbH Horst Schreckhase Spangenberg, Germany © December 2006 by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf All rights reserved. PREFACE This report is part of a series summarising the scientific performance of the Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung. In particular, this volume covers the years 2005 and 2006. -
Scientific Report 2014-2016 Scientific Report 2014 –Scientific Report 2014 2016 ENERGIEKONVERSION
Scientific Report 2014-2016 Scientific Report 2014 –Scientific Report 2014 2016 ENERGIEKONVERSION MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR © 2017 MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR CHEMISCHE ENERGIEKONVERSION Alle Rechte vorbehalten. MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR CHEMISCHE CHEMISCHE ENERGIEKONVERSION Scientific Report 2014-2016 MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR CHEMISCHE ENERGIEKONVERSION Mülheim an der Ruhr, February 2017 www.cec.mpg.de Report of the Managing Director New Buildings . 6 The Present Structure . 7 The Mülheim Chemistry Campus (MCC) . 9 The modified MPI CEC . 9 Operation of the Institute . 11 Scientific Advisory Board of the Institute . 14 Board of Trustees of the Institute . 15 Scientific Research Reports 2014-2016 Department of Biophysical Chemistry Wolfgang Lubitz . 17 Nicholas Cox . 33 Hideaki Ogata . 38 Edward Rejierse . 42 Olaf Rüdiger . 48 Anton Savitsky . 54 Department of Molecular Theory and Spectroscopy Frank Neese . 61 Mihail Atanasov . 72 Alexander A. Auer . 80 Eckhard Bill . 85 Serena DeBeer . 88 Róbert Izsák . 94 Dimitrios Manganas . 99 Dimitrios A. Pantazis . 104 Maurice van Gastel . 109 Thomas Weyhermüller . 113 Shengfa Ye . 119 Department of Heterogeneous Reactions Robert Schlögl . 125 Saskia Buller . 143 Wolfgang Gärtner . 147 Kevin Kähler . 151 Jennifer Strunk . 155 Marc G. Willinger . 160 MPI CEC in Scientific Dialogue ORCA – A Powerful Tool for Quantum Chemistry . 165 MAXNET Energy Research Compound . 169 MANGAN – Electrochemical Water Splitting . 173 The Institute in Public . 177 Teaching Activities . 181 IMPRS-RECHARGE . 186 Scientific Output and Statistics List of Publications . 191 Invited and Plenary Lectures at Conferences . 237 Awards, Honors and Memberships of the CEC Staff . 266 Theses . 269 Conferences and Workshops organized by the Institute . 271 Guest Scientists . 274 Impressum / Contact . -
Numerical Simulation of Bloch Equations for Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Numerical Simulation of Bloch Equations for Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dissertation for the award of the degree ŞDoctor of PhilosophyŤ (Ph.D.) Division of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen within the doctoral program PhD School of Mathematical Sciences (SMS) of the Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) submitted by Arijit Hazra from Burdwan, West Bengal, India Göttingen, 2016 This work has been done at: Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie Under the supervision of: Institut für Numerische und Angewandte Mathematik Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Thesis Committee Prof. Dr. Gert Lube (referee) Institut für Numerische und Angewandte Mathematik Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Prof. Dr. Jens Frahm (co-referee) Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie Examination Board: Prof. Dr. Gert Lube Institut für Numerische und Angewandte Mathematik Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Prof. Dr. Jens Frahm Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH Max-Planck-Institut für biophysikalische Chemie Prof. Dr. Hans Hofsaess Institut für Physik II Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Prof. Dr. Gerlind Plonka-Hoch Institut für Numerische und Angewandte Mathematik Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Jr. Prof. Dr. Christoph Lehrenfeld Institut für Numerische und Angewandte Mathematik Georg-August-Universität Göttingen PD. Dr. Hartje Kriete Mathematisches Institut Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Date of Oral Examination: 7.10.2016 Dedicated to Koninika Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Jens Frahm, head of Biomedizinische NMR Forschungs GmbH am Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysikalische Chemie, for ofering me this great opportunity to work in an excellent research facility. He has given suicient freedom and timely input to make the journey of scientiĄc research in his group a memorable experience.