DOCSLIB.ORG

Scientific Report 2011 / 2012 Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Scientific Report 2011 / 2012 Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh Scientific Report 2011 / 2012 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Scientific Report 2011/2012 November 2012 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1 · 40237 Düsseldorf Germany Front cover Oxygen is one of the critical components that give rise to the excellent mechanical properties of Ti-Nb based gum metal (Ti−23Nb−0.7Ta− 2Zr−1.2O at%) and its complex deformation mechanism. Yet, its role is not fully clear, for which reason an extensive project is being carried out at MPIE (see highlight article on page 113). As a part of this project, deformation structures in gum metal (Ti−22.6Nb−0.47Ta−1.85Zr−1.34O at%) are compared to those in a reference alloy that has the same chemical composition, but no oxygen (Ti−22.8Nb−0.5Ta−1.8Zr at%). The cover page shows a light microscope image of a sample of the reference alloy deformed in uniaxial tension, revealing mechanically-induced crystallographic twin steps on a priorly-polished surface (1 cm corresponds to approx. 125 µm). Imprint Published by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany Phone: +49-211-6792-0 Fax: +49-211-6792-440 Homepage: http://www.mpie.de Editorship, Layout and Typesetting Yasmin Ahmed-Salem Gabi Geelen Brigitte Kohlhaas Frank Stein Printed by Bonifatius GmbH Druck-Buch-Verlag Paderborn, Germany © November 2012 by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf All rights reserved. PREFACE This report is part of a series documenting the scientific activities and achievements of the Max-Planck- Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH (MPIE) in 2011 and 2012. For evaluation purposes some main trends are described over the past 6 years. MPIE conducts basic research on structural materials, specifically steels, for nearly one century, considering their complex chemical-physical synthesis, characterisation and properties, as well as their use in systemic components. Projects are characterized by a highly interdisciplinary approach including close interfacing between experiment and theory. Through its research on structural materials the Institute plays a central role in enabling progress in the fields of mobility (e.g. steels and soft magnets for light weight hybrid vehicles), energy (e.g. efficiency of thermal power conversion through better high temperature alloys), transport (e.g. Ni-base alloys for plane turbines), infrastructure (e.g. steels for large infrastructures, e.g. wind turbines and chemical plants) and safety (e.g. nanostructured bainitic steels for gas pipelines). A close match between knowledge-oriented and pre-competitive basic research on the one hand and commercial relevance on the other hand is an important cornerstone of this concept. With its system-oriented research agenda and its 50% institutional co-sponsoring by industry, the Institute is a unique example of public private partnership both for the Max Planck Society and for the European industry. The departments jointly pursue a number of cross-disciplinary research branches covering Materials Design (simulation, synthesis, combinatorial materials design), Materials Analysis (structure, chemistry, defects), Materials Processing (thermomechanical treatment, forming, joining, coating), and Materials Properties (mechanical, stability, function). In many of these areas the institute holds a position of international scientific leadership, particularly in multiscale materials modeling; surface science; metallurgical alloy design; and characterization from atomic to macroscopic scales of complex engineering materials. Profound strengthening of the institute's scientific profile is also achieved by the close cooperation with R. Kirchheim (materials physics and atom scale characterization; University of Göttingen) who is an external scientific member of the Max-Planck Society and with G. Eggeler (high temperature alloys and energy-related materials; Ruhr-University Bochum) who is a fellow of the Max-Planck Society. With both colleagues a number of joint projects are being pursued (e.g. exploring the limits of strength in Fe−C systems; hydrogen- propelled materials and systems; defectant theory; creep of superalloys; atomic scale analysis of interfaces in superalloys). The institute hosts about 270 people, the majority being scientists. As only 120 employees are funded by the basic budget provided by the shareholders of the institute, nearly 150 additional scientists work at the institute supported by extramural sources. This strong contribution of third-party funds and its balance be- tween fundamental and applied science gives the institute a singular position within the Max-Planck Society. The increasing number of co-operations with key industry partners has provided further extramural mo- mentum to the dynamic growth of the institute during the past two years. Besides the well established links to material companies in the fields of structural alloy design (bulk and surface), advanced characterization methods in steel development, surface functionalization, and computational materials science, new exiting industrial co-operations are currently being developed in a number of novel fields: These new project direc- tions are particularly valuable for the institute's further development from a materials-oriented laboratory towards a system-driven institute that deals with complex materials in a more holistic context of including complicated engineering systems, loading, and environmental conditions into advanced materials science and engineering projects. New areas of growth including strong interactions with industry are in the fields of steels and related materials for automotive hybrid- and electro-mobility, energy conversion and storage, renewable energy, health, hydrogen-based industries, and computational materials science. This report is structured into IV parts: - Part I presents the organization of the institute including a short section on recent scientific developments, new scientific groups, large network activities, and new scientific laboratories at the institute. - Parts II and III cover the research activities of the institute. Part II provides a description of the scientific activities in the departments and Part III contains selected short papers which summarise major recent scientific achievements in the four areas of common interest of the institute ‘New Structural Materials’, ‘Microstructure-Related Materials Properties’, ‘Stability of Surfaces and Interfaces’, and ‘Scale-Bridging Simulation of Materials’. - Part IV summarises some statistically relevant information about the institute. Dierk Raabe, Chairman of the executive board Düsseldorf, November 2012 CONTENTS PART I. THE INSTITUTE 7 Management of the Institute 9 Scientific Organization 10 Recent Developments 12 New Research Groups 13 New Scientific Laboratories and Facilities 17 Large-scaled and Networking Projects 20 PART II. THE DEPARTMENTS 33 Department of Computational Materials Design 35 Department of Interface Chemistry and Surface Engineering 53 Department of Microstructure Physics and Alloy Design 71 Department of Structure and Nano-/Micromechanics of Materials 90 Max Planck Fellow Research Group on High Temperature Materials 94 PART III. INTER-DEPARTMENTAL RESEARCH ACTIVITIES - 99 SELECTED HIGHLIGHTS New Structural Materials 101 Microstructure-Related Materials Properties 113 Stability of Surfaces and Interfaces 127 Scale-Bridging Simulations of Materials 141 PART IV. GENERAL INFORMATION AND STATISTICS 153 Boards, Directors, Max Planck Fellows, External Scientific Members, 155 and Guest Scientists Scientific Honours 159 Participtation in Research Programmes 162 Conferences, Symposia, and Meetings Organized by the Institute 166 Institute Colloquia and Invited Seminar Lectures 168 Lectures and Teaching at University 174 Invited Talks at Conferences and Colloquia 175 Publications 186 Habilitation, Doctoral, Diploma, Master, and Bachelor Theses 201 Budget of the Institute 205 Personnel Structure 206 The Institute in Public 208 PART I. THE INSTITUTE Management of the Institute 9 Scientific Organization 10 Recent Developments 12 New Research Groups 13 B. Grabowski & C. Tasan: Adaptive Structural Materials 13 H. Springer: Combinatorial Metallurgy and Processing 15 M. Valtiner: Interaction Forces and Functional Materials 16 New Scientific Laboratories and Facilities 17 Metallurgy and Processing Laboratory 17 High-Throughput Screening for Efficient CO2 Reduction Catalysts 18 with Coupled Analysis of Reaction Products The GxHive Cluster Administration Package 19 Large-Scaled and Networking Projects 20 International Max Planck Research School SurMat 20 Center for Electrochemical Sciences – CES 22 Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation – ICAMS 23 Hydrogen Sensitivity of Different Advanced High Strength 24 Microstructures – HYDRAMICROS T SMARTMET: Adaptive Nanostructures in Next Generation 25 H Metallic Materials E Steel – ab-initio: Quantum Mechanics Guided Design of New 26 Fe-Based Materials I Cluster of Excellence RESOLV 27 N Active Coatings for Corrosion Protection – ASKORR 28 S Northern Alliance for Competence – German Research Priorities in 29 T Electrochemistry with the Focus on Electromobility I Analysis of Microstructure in Plasticity – DFG-Forschergruppe 797 30 T Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering 31 U Science – AICES T Ab initio Description of Iron and Steel – ADIS 32 E 7 Management of the Institute The Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung (MPIE)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Elytra Reduction May Affect the Evolution of Beetle Hind Wings
    Zoomorphology https://doi.org/10.1007/s00435-017-0388-1 ORIGINAL PAPER Elytra reduction may affect the evolution of beetle hind wings Jakub Goczał1 · Robert Rossa1 · Adam Tofilski2 Received: 21 July 2017 / Revised: 31 October 2017 / Accepted: 14 November 2017 © The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Beetles are one of the largest and most diverse groups of animals in the world. Conversion of forewings into hardened shields is perceived as a key adaptation that has greatly supported the evolutionary success of this taxa. Beetle elytra play an essential role: they minimize the influence of unfavorable external factors and protect insects against predators. Therefore, it is particularly interesting why some beetles have reduced their shields. This rare phenomenon is called brachelytry and its evolution and implications remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we focused on rare group of brachelytrous beetles with exposed hind wings. We have investigated whether the elytra loss in different beetle taxa is accompanied with the hind wing shape modification, and whether these changes are similar among unrelated beetle taxa. We found that hind wings shape differ markedly between related brachelytrous and macroelytrous beetles. Moreover, we revealed that modifications of hind wings have followed similar patterns and resulted in homoplasy in this trait among some unrelated groups of wing-exposed brachelytrous beetles. Our results suggest that elytra reduction may affect the evolution of beetle hind wings. Keywords Beetle · Elytra · Evolution · Wings · Homoplasy · Brachelytry Introduction same mechanism determines wing modification in all other insects, including beetles. However, recent studies have The Coleoptera order encompasses almost the quarter of all provided evidence that formation of elytra in beetles is less currently known animal species (Grimaldi and Engel 2005; affected by Hox gene than previously expected (Tomoyasu Hunt et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplemental Material for Molecular Simulations of Heterogeneous Ice
    Supplemental Material for Molecular simulations of heterogeneous ice nucleation I: Controlling ice nucleation through surface hydrophilicity Stephen J. Cox,1, 2 Shawn M. Kathmann,3 Ben Slater,1 and Angelos Michaelides1, 2, a) 1)Thomas Young Centre and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, U.K. 2)London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17{19 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, U.K. 3)Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States (Dated: 22 April 2015) This Supplemental Material contains further details of the simulation methods and the data fitting procedure used. A movie and still images of a nucleation event at the NP with Eads=∆Hvap ≈ 0:9 are also provided. a)Electronic mail: [email protected] 1 I. FURTHER SIMULATIONS DETAILS To construct the NP, the ASE package1 was used: 6 atomic layers were used in the f1,0,0g family of directions; 9 layers in the f1,1,0g family; and 5 layers in the f1,1,1g family, except along the (1¯; 1¯; 1)¯ direction where no layers were used. As the equations of motion for the atoms in the NP were not integrated (i.e. they were fixed) no interaction potential was defined between them, and the adsorption energy Eads of a water monomer to the NP was therefore simply defined as the total energy after geometry optimization of a single water molecule at the center of the (111) face. The velocity Verlet algorithm was used to propagate the equations of motion of the water molecules, using a 10 fs time step.
    [Show full text]
  • British Museum (Natural History)
    Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Darwin's Insects Charles Darwin 's Entomological Notes Kenneth G. V. Smith (Editor) Historical series Vol 14 No 1 24 September 1987 The Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), instituted in 1949, is issued in four scientific series, Botany, Entomology, Geology (incorporating Mineralogy) and Zoology, and an Historical series. Papers in the Bulletin are primarily the results of research carried out on the unique and ever-growing collections of the Museum, both by the scientific staff of the Museum and by specialists from elsewhere who make use of the Museum's resources. Many of the papers are works of reference that will remain indispensable for years to come. Parts are published at irregular intervals as they become ready, each is complete in itself, available separately, and individually priced. Volumes contain about 300 pages and several volumes may appear within a calendar year. Subscriptions may be placed for one or more of the series on either an Annual or Per Volume basis. Prices vary according to the contents of the individual parts. Orders and enquiries should be sent to: Publications Sales, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, England. World List abbreviation: Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (hist. Ser.) © British Museum (Natural History), 1987 '""•-C-'- '.;.,, t •••v.'. ISSN 0068-2306 Historical series 0565 ISBN 09003 8 Vol 14 No. 1 pp 1-141 British Museum (Natural History) Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD Issued 24 September 1987 I Darwin's Insects Charles Darwin's Entomological Notes, with an introduction and comments by Kenneth G.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen Brilliant Camouflage Wilts, Bodo D
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Groningen University of Groningen Brilliant camouflage Wilts, Bodo D.; Michielsen, Kristel; Kuipers, Jeroen; Raedt, Hans De; Stavenga, Doekele G. Published in: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.2651 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2012 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Wilts, B. D., Michielsen, K., Kuipers, J., Raedt, H. D., & Stavenga, D. G. (2012). Brilliant camouflage: photonic crystals in the diamond weevil, Entimus imperialis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences, 279(1738), 2524-2530. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2651 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.
    [Show full text]
  • Circularly Polarized Reflection from the Scarab Beetle Chalcothea Smaragdina: Rsfs.Royalsocietypublishing.Org Light Scattering by a Dual Photonic Structure
    Circularly polarized reflection from the scarab beetle Chalcothea smaragdina: rsfs.royalsocietypublishing.org light scattering by a dual photonic structure Luke T. McDonald1,2, Ewan D. Finlayson1, Bodo D. Wilts3 and Pete Vukusic1 Research 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK 2School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, North Mall Campus, Cork, Cite this article: McDonald LT, Finlayson ED, Republic of Ireland Wilts BD, Vukusic P. 2017 Circularly polarized 3Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland reflection from the scarab beetle Chalcothea LTM, 0000-0003-0896-1415; EDF, 0000-0002-0433-5313; BDW, 0000-0002-2727-7128 smaragdina: light scattering by a dual photonic structure. Interface Focus 7: 20160129. Helicoidal architectures comprising various polysaccharides, such as chitin http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2016.0129 and cellulose, have been reported in biological systems. In some cases, these architectures exhibit stunning optical properties analogous to ordered cholesteric liquid crystal phases. In this work, we characterize the circularly One contribution of 17 to a theme issue polarized reflectance and optical scattering from the cuticle of the beetle ‘Growth and function of complex forms in Chalcothea smaragdina (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae) using optical biological tissue and synthetic self-assembly’. experiments, simulations and structural analysis. The selective reflection of left-handed circularly polarized light is attributed to a Bouligand-type Subject Areas: helicoidal morphology within the beetle’s exocuticle. Using electron microscopy to inform electromagnetic simulations of this anisotropic strati- biomaterials fied medium, the inextricable connection between the colour appearance of C.
    [Show full text]
  • What Makes a Good Descriptor for Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation on OH-Patterned Surfaces
    What Makes a Good Descriptor for Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation on OH-Patterned Surfaces Philipp Pedevilla Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom Martin Fitzner and Angelos Michaelides∗ Thomas Young Centre and London Centre for Nanotechnology, 17-19 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom (Dated: October 5, 2018) Freezing of water is arguably one of the most common phase transitions on Earth and almost always happens heterogeneously. Despite its importance, we lack a fundamental understanding of what makes substrates efficient ice nucleators. Here we address this by computing the ice nucleation (IN) ability of numerous model hydroxylated substrates with diverse surface hydroxyl (OH) group arrangements. Overall, for the substrates considered, we find that neither the symmetry of the OH patterns nor the similarity between a substrate and ice correlate well with the IN ability. Instead, we find that the OH density and the substrate-water interaction strength are useful descriptors of a material's IN ability. This insight allows the rationalization of ice nucleation ability across a wide range of materials, and can aid the search and design of novel potent ice nucleators in the future. I. INTRODUCTION ing and ice formation on well-defined atomically flat sur- faces [10, 11], but these experiments are currently not ap- Nucleation is a process that plays a pivotal role in nu- plicable under atmospherically relevant conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Request to Take Stronger Measures of Social Distancing Across the UK with Immediate Effect 14Th March 2020
    Public request to take stronger measures of social distancing across the UK with immediate effect 14th March 2020 (last update: 15th March 2020, 18:25) As scientists living and working in the UK, we would like to express our concern about the course of action announced by the Government on 12th March 2020 regarding the Coronavirus outbreak. In particular, we are deeply preoccupied by the timeline of the proposed plan, which aims at delaying social distancing measures even further. The current data about the number of infections in the UK is in line with the growth curves already observed in other countries, including Italy, Spain, France, and Germany [1]. The same data suggests that the number of infected will be in the order of dozens of thousands within a few days. Under unconstrained growth, this outbreak will affect millions of people in the next few weeks. This will most probably put the NHS at serious risk of not being able to cope with the flow of patients needing intensive care, as the number of ICU beds in the UK is not larger than that available in other neighbouring countries with a similar population [2]. Going for \herd immunity" at this point does not seem a viable option, as this will put NHS at an even stronger level of stress, risking many more lives than necessary. By putting in place social distancing measures now, the growth can be slowed down dramatically, and thousands of lives can be spared. We consider the social distancing measures taken as of today as insufficient, and we believe that addi- tional and more restrictive measures should be taken immediately, as it is already happening in other countries across the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Revista Chilena De Entomología
    Rev. Chilena Ent. 1998,25:21 -44 LARVAE OF SOUTH AMERICAN ENTIMINI (COLEÓPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE), AND PHYLOGENETIC IMPLICATIONS OF CERTAIN CHARACTERS Adriana E. Marvaldi' ABSTRACT Larvae of 16 species of Entimini are described and illustrated, 10 of them for the first time. Larval descrip- tions or redescriptions are given for the South American genera: Cylydmrhinus Guérin, Entimus Germar, Malvinius Kuschel, Pororhynchus Schoenherr, Naupactus Dejean, and Platyaspistes Schoenherr. Larvae of species assigned to Naupactus and allied genera {Asynonychus Crotch, Atrichonotus Buchanan, and Eurymetopus Schoenherr) do not show differences at generic level. The larvae herein studied are compared with those known from other regions, and the taxonomic or phylogenetic implications of certain characters are discussed. Key words: Curculionidae, Entimini, larvae, morphology, systematics. RESUMEN Larvas de 16 especies de Entimini son descriptas e ilustradas, 10 de ellas por primera vez. Descripciones o redescripciones larvales se brindan para los géneros sudamericanos: Cylydwrhinus Guérin, Entimus Germar, Malvinius Kuschel, Pororhynchus Schoenherr, Naupactus Dejean y Platyaspistes Schoenherr. Larvas de especies asignadas ^Naupactus y géneros afines (Asynonychus Crotch, Atrichonotus Buchanan y Eurymetopus Schoenherr) no presentan diferencias a nivel genérico. Las larvas tratadas aquí son comparadas con las conocidas de otras regiones y se discuten las implicancias taxonómicas o filogenéticas de ciertos caracteres. Palabras claves: Curculionidae, Entimini, larvas, morfología, sistemática. INTRODUCTION Nearctic, or Australian regions. Contributions to weevil systematics based on larvae of South Ameri- The Entimini, as defined by Marvaldi (1997, can taxa have been contrastingly few and sporadic, 1998b), are the largest tribe of the subfamily despite the high diversity of Entimini present in this Entiminae, comprising about 1115 genera and región (Wibmer & O'Brien, 1986).
    [Show full text]
  • Department of Physics Review
    The Blackett Laboratory Department of Physics Review Faculty of Natural Sciences 2008/09 Contents Preface from the Head of Department 2 Undergraduate Teaching 54 Academic Staff group photograph 9 Postgraduate Studies 59 General Departmental Information 10 PhD degrees awarded (by research group) 61 Research Groups 11 Research Grants Grants obtained by research group 64 Astrophysics 12 Technical Development, Intellectual Property 69 and Commercial Interactions (by research group) Condensed Matter Theory 17 Academic Staff 72 Experimental Solid State 20 Administrative and Support Staff 76 High Energy Physics 25 Optics - Laser Consortium 30 Optics - Photonics 33 Optics - Quantum Optics and Laser Science 41 Plasma Physics 38 Space and Atmospheric Physics 45 Theoretical Physics 49 Front cover: Laser probing images of jet propagating in ambient plasma and a density map from a 3D simulation of a nested, stainless steel, wire array experiment - see Plamsa Physics group page 38. 1 Preface from the Heads of Department During 2008 much of the headline were invited by, Ian Pearson MP, the within the IOP Juno code of practice grabbing news focused on ‘big science’ Minister of State for Science and (available to download at with serious financial problems at the Innovation, to initiate a broad ranging www.ioppublishing.com/activity/diver Science and Technology Facilities review of physics research under sity/Gender/Juno_code_of_practice/ Council (STFC) (we note that some the chairmanship of Professor Bill page_31619.html). As noted in the 40% of the Department’s research Wakeham (Vice-Chancellor of IOP document, “The code … sets expenditure is STFC derived) and Southampton University). The stated out practical ideas for actions that the start-up of the Large Hadron purpose of the review was to examine departments can take to address the Collider at CERN.
    [Show full text]
  • About Imperial College London
    About Imperial College London Overview Imperial College London is one of the world’s greatest universities, renowned for its ground- breaking research, talented community of staff, students and alumni and its international reach. With a mission to achieve enduring excellence in research and education in science, engineering, medicine and business for the benefit of society, the College was founded in 1907 in South Kensington, bringing together nineteenth century institutions including the Royal College of Science, Royal School of Mines and City and Guilds College. Today Imperial collaborates extensively with neighbouring institutions, including the Royal College of Art and the Royal College of Music. From its location in this great cultural quarter, Imperial provides one of the world’s best educations in STEM subjects for more than 18,400 students, over half of whom come from overseas, reflecting its status as the UK’s most international university. Imperial has three academic faculties – Engineering, Medicine, and Natural Sciences – and the Imperial College Business School, as well as a significant number of interdisciplinary research centres focusing on challenging world problems. The College’s mission is supported by over 8,000 diverse staff, who collaborate in the UK and internationally, often across disciplines. In 2017-2018 the College had a total turnover of over £1 billion, of which £364.2 million directly supported research through grants and contracts. The College’s 2015-2020 Strategy is built on the foundations that make Imperial a strong academic institution and the talented and inspirational people who make up its community. The College’s success is recognised all over the world, as is evidenced by daily coverage of Imperial discoveries and innovations in the international media and claims many distinguished members, including 14 Nobel laureates, three Fields Medallists, and members of the Royal Further Particulars: Lecturer / Senior Lecturer in Statistics 1 Society and National Academies.
    [Show full text]
  • Fifty Million Years of Beetle Evolution Along the Antarctic Polar Front
    Fifty million years of beetle evolution along the Antarctic Polar Front Helena P. Bairda,1, Seunggwan Shinb,c,d, Rolf G. Oberprielere, Maurice Hulléf, Philippe Vernong, Katherine L. Moona, Richard H. Adamsh, Duane D. McKennab,c,2, and Steven L. Chowni,2 aSchool of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; bDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; dSchool of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; eAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; fInstitut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes, Institut national de recherche pour l’agriculture, l’alimentation et l’environnement, Université de Rennes, 35653 Le Rheu, France; gUniversité de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6553 ECOBIO, Station Biologique, 35380 Paimpont, France; hDepartment of Computer and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431; and iSecuring Antarctica’s Environmental Future, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia Edited by Nils Chr. Stenseth, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, and approved May 6, 2021 (received for review August 24, 2020) Global cooling and glacial–interglacial cycles since Antarctica’s iso- The hypothesis that diversification has proceeded similarly in lation have been responsible for the diversification of the region’s Antarctic marine and terrestrial groups has not been tested. While marine fauna. By contrast, these same Earth system processes are the extinction of a diverse continental Antarctic biota is well thought to have played little role terrestrially, other than driving established (13), mounting evidence of significant and biogeo- widespread extinctions.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Report 2009 / 2010 Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung Gmbh
    Scientific Report 2009 / 2010 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Scientific Report 2009/2010 November 2010 Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1 · 40237 Düsseldorf Germany Front cover Nanometer-scale analysis of a recrystallised, initially amorphous steel (Fe50Cr15Mo14C15B6). The Scanning Auger Microprobe (SAM) image in the background exhibits the chemical composition of the recrystallised surface with a high resolution of 10 nm. Red shows Mo-rich, blue Cr-rich, and green Fe-rich regions. The chemical composition of the bulk of the material is evaluated by Atom Probe Tomography (APT) with a nearly atomic-scale precision. Shown in the figure is the Mo-rich part of the sample. The detailed analysis of the lateral variations in composition enables to understand macroscopic phenomena like corrosion behaviour (see p. 97). Imprint Published by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Max-Planck-Str. 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, Germany Phone: +49-211-6792-0 Fax: +49-211-6792-440 Homepage: http://www.mpie.de Editorship, Layout and Typesetting Rebekka Loschen Frank Stein Printed by Bonifatius GmbH Druck-Buch-Verlag Paderborn, Germany © November 2010 by Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Düsseldorf All rights reserved. PREFACE This report is part of a series summarising the scientific activities and performance of the Max-Planck- Institut für Eisenforschung. In particular, this volume covers the years 2009 and 2010. The MPI für Eisenforschung is worldwide one of the largest institutes devoted to fundamental research in steels and related structural materials, including their functional and surface properties, processing, and design. Projects are characterized by a highly interdisciplinary approach including close interfacing between experiment and theory.
    [Show full text]