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A New Record and a Key to the Species of the Genus Oxalis (Oxa Lidaceae) in Iran

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A New Record and a Key to the Species of the Genus Oxalis (Oxa Lidaceae) in Iran A NEW RECORD AND A KEY TO THE SPECIES OF THE GENUS OXALIS (OXA LIDACEAE) IN IRAN M. Khodashenas & T. Amini Received 29.02.2012. Accepte d for publication 09.05.2012. Khodashenas , M. & Amini , T. 2012 12 31: A new record and a k ey to the species of the genus Oxalis (Oxa lidaceae ) in Iran. -Iran. J. Bot. 18 (2): 196 -198 . Tehran. Oxalis is the only genus of Oxa lidaceae in Iran. Rechinger in F lora Iranica has mentioned Oxalis corniculata L. from Iran. Afterward s two other specie s were reported from Iran ( O. art iculat a and O. corymbosa ). Oxalis latifolia is reported here as a new record for the flora of the Iran . A new identification key of the species of the genus is presented here . Mansoureh Khodashenas, Organization of Agricultural and Natural Resources Cent re, Kerman, Iran. - Tayebeh Amini, Herbarium of Nowshahr Botanical Garden, Agriculture and Natural Resources Centre of Mazandaran. Key words. Oxalis, Oxalidaceae, New record, identification key, Iran . Oxalis L. . " ! .!" " ! # $ !" # $"% . Oxal idaceae Oxalis . )% 45 5" O. corymbosa + O. articulata ( )* + ,- '".! / ( 0 1 + 2 3 . & '# . # : ( 0 Oxalis '78 9 . Oxalidaceae '!" 6& ' . ' = Oxalis )) ' % )"& .9 ; .% )) 45 < Oxalis latifolia Kunth INTRODUCTION specimens of Mazandaran, No wshahr, we found Oxalis Genus Oxalis L., belongs to the family Oxalidaceae , a latifolia , a bulbous species of the genus Oxalis with family of in cluding six genera and about 775 species, ob verse -deltoid leaves and purplis h flowers among the occurring mainly in the tropical but also in temperate specimens . The aim of this paper is to report Oxalis regions of both the New and Old World. Oxalis is a latifolia as a new report from Iran and to present an cosmopolitan genus of perhaps 500 species distributed identification key to the species of the genus in Iran. mostly in Africa and South America ( Shixiao et al. 2006). It is the largest and most widespread genus in MATERIALS AND METHODS the family. Many of the Oxalis species are invasive The specimens of s everal herbaria in Iran including garden and greenhouse weeds. It comprises annual or TARI and several p rovincial herbaria were studied. perennial herbs and has two center of diversity: South Some Oxalis specimens were collected in the fieldwork America to the Southern part of North America and in different region s in Kerman p rovince too. South Africa. The habitats of Oxalis species are in Identifacation of the species were done by using Flora wetlands, moist disturbed places, waste places, along Iranica (Rechinge r 1976), Flora of Turkey (Cullen watercourses, roadsides of disturbed places or is often 1967 ), Flora of Pakistan (Nasir & Al i 1980 ), Flora of found along the roads, in gardens or in pots. the U.S.S.R (Gorshkova 1949 ) and Flora Europ aea According to Flora Iranica (Rechinger 1967) only one (Young 1968) . species occur in Iran ( O. corniculata L. ). Ghahremaninejad & Gholamian (2006 ) and RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Naqinezhad & Sharifi ( 2007) reported O. articulat a and New record to Iran O. corym bosa respectively from North of Iran as new Oxalis latifolia Kunth in Humb. Bonpl. & Kunth., Nov. records. The first author has been preparing the draft of Gen., 5 (22): 237 (1822 ), Fig. 1. Flora of Iran. During the studies of Herbarium Materials examined. Mazandaran, Now shahr, Botanial 197 Oxalis latifolia in Iran IRAN. J. BOT. 18 (2), 201 2 Fig. 1. Oxalis latifolia (×0.55). IRAN. J. BOT. 18 (2), 201 2 Khodashenas & Amini 198 garden, sea level , Amini 10700 ; Chalus, Namak 2- Stem rhizomatous. Rhizomes woody and swollen. Abrood, Amini & Zare 10705; Babolsar to Mahmood Bulb il s absent 2. O. articulata Abad, Da rya Kenar, Amini & Zare 10406 . -Stem not rhizomatus. B ulbs present 3 3- Leaflets obcordate, punctuate beneat h near the Plan t perennial, stemless, glabrous, bulbiferous. Bu lbils margin . Pedic el hairy. Long filaments strigose scaly, solitary and emitte d from the up to 8 cm long 3. O. corymbosa rhizomes . Petioles glabrous or very sparsely pubescent, Le aflets triangular, not punctuate. B oth long and short 10 to 26 cm long; leaflets ob verse -deltoid, glabrous , filaments strigose 4. O. latifolia 2.5 -4 cm long, 4 to 6 cm wide, apex em arginated. Peduncle to 28 cm tall, usually exceeding the petiole REF ERENCES length. Inflorescence umbellate. F lowers pinkish -purple Cu llen, J 1967: Oxalis in P. H. Davis Flora of Turkey or purple -violet. S epals oblong -lanceolate, 3.5 to 6 mm 2: 488 -490 . -Edinburgh University Press, long, with two small orange glands at apex. Petals 10 to Edinburgh . 15 mm long. S tamens 10 , in two series of 5 with Ghahremaninejad, F & Gholamian, F. 2006: A new different length; filaments strigose; shorter f ilament record of Oxalis from Iran. - Iran. J . Bot. 12 (1): 55 - exceeding the styles. Ovary 5 locular; styles 5, free; 56. stigmas small and capitate. Fruit not seen . Esler, A. E. 1962: Some aspects of the autecolo gy of Oxalis latifolia is reported here as a new record and Oxalis latifolia H. B. K. Proc. 15th N.Z. Weed and forth sp ecies from North Iran. It is close to O. Pest Control Conf.: 87 -90. corymbosa , but differs from it by havi ng scaly, single Gorshkova, S. J. 1949: Oxalidaceae in B. K. Shishkin and n umerous bulb il s (not clustered sheated bulb il s), and E. C. Bobrov Flora of the U.S.S.R. vol. 14: 76 - ob verse -deltoid leaves ( not obcordate ), short , stigose 83. -Moskva & Leningrad. filaments and exceeding stigmas. Naqinezhad, A & Sharifi, M. 2007: Two new r ecords Oxalis latifolia is a So uth American bulbous weed. It from Gilan and Mazandaran. -Iran. Journ. Bot. 13 has been distributed throughout the tropical, (2): 95 -96. Mediterranean and temperate climates. The nearest Na sir, E. & S. I. Ali (eds .). 1971: Oxalidaceae in Fl ora countries to Iran where this species is found are of Pakistan , no. 4,. -Univ. of Karachi, Karachi . Pakistan, India and Europe. Its reproduction is mainly Rechinger, K. H. 1967: Oxalidaceae in K. H. Rechinger vegetatively but sometime s seeds are produced too. In (ed): Flora Iranica , n o. 40. -Graz: Academische Iran, the species seems to be naturalized in low lands Druck -u. Verlagsantalt. along the southern shores of Caspian Sea. Oxalis Shixiao Luo , Dianxiang Zhang & Susanne S. Renner . latifolia has a vegetative reproductive system including 2006: Oxalis debilis in China: Distribution of bulb ils . The bulbils well dispersed and can remain alive Flower Morphs, Sterile Pollen and Polyploidy. - in the s oil for years (Esler 1962). Annals of Botany , vol. 98: 459 -464 . Young, D. P. 1968: Oxalis in T. G. Tutin, V. H. Key to the species in Iran Heywood, N. A. Burges, D. M. Moore, D. H: 1- Arial stem presen t. Bulbs absent. Petals yellow Valentine, S. M. Walters & D. A. Webb Flora 1. O. corniculata Europea vol. 2: 192 -193. -Cambridge Uni versity - Arial stem absent. P etals violet or pink 2 Press..
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