Le Corps Transformé Chez Shinya Tsukamoto Alexandre Fontaine Rousseau
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Arxiv:1912.09713V2 [Cs.LG] 25 Jun 2020
Published as a conference paper at ICLR 2020 MEASURING COMPOSITIONAL GENERALIZATION: ACOMPREHENSIVE METHOD ON REALISTIC DATA Daniel Keysers, Nathanael Schärli, Nathan Scales, Hylke Buisman, Daniel Furrer, Sergii Kashubin, Nikola Momchev, Danila Sinopalnikov, Lukasz Stafiniak, Tibor Tihon, Dmitry Tsarkov, Xiao Wang, Marc van Zee & Olivier Bousquet Google Research, Brain Team {keysers,schaerli,nkscales,hylke,danielfurrer,sergik,nikola,sinopalnikov, lukstafi,ttihon,tsar,wangxiao,marcvanzee,obousquet}@google.com ABSTRACT State-of-the-art machine learning methods exhibit limited compositional general- ization. At the same time, there is a lack of realistic benchmarks that comprehen- sively measure this ability, which makes it challenging to find and evaluate im- provements. We introduce a novel method to systematically construct such bench- marks by maximizing compound divergence while guaranteeing a small atom di- vergence between train and test sets, and we quantitatively compare this method to other approaches for creating compositional generalization benchmarks. We present a large and realistic natural language question answering dataset that is constructed according to this method, and we use it to analyze the compositional generalization ability of three machine learning architectures. We find that they fail to generalize compositionally and that there is a surprisingly strong nega- tive correlation between compound divergence and accuracy. We also demonstrate how our method can be used to create new compositionality benchmarks on top of the existing SCAN dataset, which confirms these findings. 1 INTRODUCTION Human intelligence exhibits systematic compositionality (Fodor & Pylyshyn, 1988), the capacity to understand and produce a potentially infinite number of novel combinations of known components, i.e., to make “infinite use of finite means” (Chomsky, 1965). -
Notes for Chapter Re-Drafts
Making Markets for Japanese Cinema: A Study of Distribution Practices for Japanese Films on DVD in the UK from 2008 to 2010 Jonathan Wroot PhD Thesis Submitted to the University of East Anglia For the qualification of PhD in Film Studies 2013 1 Making Markets for Japanese Cinema: A Study of Distribution Practices for Japanese Films on DVD in the UK from 2008 to 2010 2 Acknowledgements Thanks needed to be expressed to a number of people over the last three years – and I apologise if I forget anyone here. First of all, thank you to Rayna Denison and Keith Johnston for agreeing to oversee this research – which required reining in my enthusiasm as much as attempting to tease it out of me and turn it into coherent writing. Thanks to Mark Jancovich, who helped me get started with the PhD at UEA. A big thank you also to Andrew Kirkham and Adam Torel for doing what they do at 4Digital Asia, Third Window, and their other ventures – if they did not do it, this thesis would not exist. Also, a big thank you to my numerous other friends and family – whose support was invaluable, despite the distance between most of them and Norwich. And finally, the biggest thank you of all goes to Christina, for constantly being there with her support and encouragement. 3 Abstract The thesis will examine how DVD distribution can affect Japanese film dissemination in the UK. The media discourse concerning 4Digital Asia and Third Window proposes that this is the principal factor influencing their films’ presence in the UK from 2008 to 2010. -
Post-Human Nightmares
Post-Human Nightmares Mark Player 13 May 2011 A man wakes up one morning to find himself slowly transforming into a living hybrid of meat and scrap metal; he dreams of being sodomised by a woman with a snakelike, strap-on phallus. Clandestine experiments of sensory depravation and mental torture unleash psychic powers in test subjects, prompting them to explode into showers of black pus or tear the flesh off each other's bodies in a sexual frenzy. Meanwhile, a hysterical cyborg sex-slave runs amok through busy streets whilst electrically charged demi-gods battle for supremacy on the rooftops above. This is cyberpunk, Japanese style : a brief filmmaking movement that erupted from the Japanese underground to garner international attention in the late 1980s. The world of live-action Japanese cyberpunk is a twisted and strange one indeed; a far cry from the established notions of computer hackers, ubiquitous technologies and domineering conglomerates as found in the pages of William Gibson's Neuromancer (1984) - a pivotal cyberpunk text during the sub-genre's formation and recognition in the early eighties. From a cinematic standpoint, it perhaps owes more to the industrial gothic of David Lynch's Eraserhead (1976) and the psycho-sexual body horror of early David Cronenberg than the rain- soaked metropolis of Ridley Scott's Blade Runner (1982), although Scott's neon infused tech-noir has been a major aesthetic touchstone for cyberpunk manga and anime institutions such as Katsuhiro Otomo's Akira (1982- 90) and Masamune Shirow's Ghost in the Shell (1989- ). In the Western world, cyberpunk was born out of the new wave science fiction literature of the sixties and seventies; authors such Harlan Ellison, J.G. -
Motiv Těla V Trilogii Tetsuo
UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI Filozofická fakulta Katedra divadelních, filmových a mediálních studií MOTIV TĚLA V TRILOGII TETSUO Bakalářská diplomová práce Jan GÁL Vedoucí práce: Mgr. Zdeněk Hudec, Ph.D. Olomouc 2012 Prohlašuji, ţe jsem svou práci vypracoval samostatně a všechnu citovanou literaturu a prameny, se kterými jsem pracoval, jsem náleţitě uvedl. V Olomouci dne ....................... .................................................. Jan Gál Děkuji Mgr. Zdeňku Hudcovi za ochotu, trpělivost a jeho cenné rady při vedení mé práce a zároveň děkuji Tomu Mesovi za všechna doporučení a připomínky. OBSAH 1. ÚVOD ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.1 CÍL PRÁCE ....................................................................................................... 7 1.2 STRUKTURA PRÁCE ...................................................................................... 9 1.3 VYHODNOCENÍ LITERATURY .................................................................... 9 1.3.1 ČESKÁ LITERATURA ............................................................................. 9 1.3.2 ANGLOAMERICKÁ LITERATURA ..................................................... 10 2 SHINYA TSUKAMOTO ...................................................................................... 13 2.1 FORMOVÁNÍ AUTORSKÉ OSOBNOSTI .................................................... 13 2.2 KAIJÛ THEATRE .......................................................................................... -
By Shinya Tsukamoto
“Killing” (Zan) by Shinya Tsukamoto © 2018 SHINYA TSUKAMOTO / KAIJYU THEATER Director: Shinya Tsukamoto Country: Japan Genre: Drama, Sword action Duration: 80min. Actors – Filmography: (selective) Sosuke Ikematsu (Mokunoshin) - The Tokyo Night Sky is Always The Densest Shade of Blue (‘17), The Long Excuse (‘16), Death Note: Light Up the New World (‘16), The Last Samurai (‘03) Yu Aoi (Yu) - Birds Without Names (‘17), Tokyo! (by Bong Joonho ’08), Hula Girls (’06), Hana and Alice (’04) Tatsuya Nakamura (Genda) - Fires on the Plain (‘14), Bullet Ballet (’99) Shinya Tsukamoto (Sawamura) - Silence (by Martin Scorsese ’16), Shin Godzilla (’16), Fires on the Plain (‘14) [International Sales] [Production] NIKKATSU CORPORATION Kaijyu Theater 3-28-12, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033, JAPAN Phone:+81-3-5689-1014 Emico Kawai & Taku Kato [email protected] FESTIVAL Mami Furukawa [email protected] < Synopsis > After about 250 years of peace in Japan, samurai warriors in the mid-19th century were impoverished. Consequently, many left their masters to become wandering ronin. Mokunoshin Tsuzuki (played by Sosuke Ikematsu) is one such samurai. He survives by helping farmers in a village out of Edo. To maintain his swordsmanship skills, Mokunoshin spars daily with Ichisuke (Ryusei Maeda), a farmer's son. Ichisuke's sister Yu (Yu Aoi) watches them train with a hint of disapproval although there's an unspoken attraction between her and Mokunoshin. While farm life is peaceful, there is monumental turmoil in Japan. The US Navy has sent Commodore Perry to Japan to insist that it trades with them. This in turn causes civil unrest. -
Shinya Tsukamoto
Shinya Tsukamoto I en benhård og konfrontativ stil fortæller den japanske cyberpunk- instruktør Shinya Tsukamoto voldsomme historier om kropslige transformationer på baggrund af eksistentiel og seksuel fremmedgørelse Shinya Tsukamoto (f. 1960 i Shibuya- kesætklædte og navnløse ”salary man” distriktet, Tokyo) er herhjemme mest (spillet af Tomoro Taguchi), der lever et kendt for Tetsuo - The Iron Man (1988), fremmedgjort liv i den japanske storby - der gjorde ham kendt som en usædvanlig kolde menneskefjendske bygninger, cyberpunk-instruktør. Tetsuo har bl.a. meningsløse arbejdsdage og svimlende, været repræsenteret ved Natfilmfestivalen klaustrofobiske ture i Tokyos under og i Filmhusets forevisninger, men grundsbane hæmmer og undertrykker Tsukamoto startede sin karriere allerede i ham. 1986 med den 18 minutter lange 8mm- Et biluheld, genfortalt i flashback, brin film The Phantom o f Regular Size, samme ger ham i berøring med en metalfetichist år som han startede den eksperimentelle (spillet af Tsukamoto selv), hvilket åbner teatertrup Kaijyu Theater. protagonistens kød og sind for en invasi Shinya Tsukamotos stil er benhård og on af subversive elementer og en ny form konfrontativ, kendetegnet ved hyperkine- for frihed. Som følge af denne invasion tisk klipning, usædvanligt kameraarbejde bliver hans krop ufrivilligt transformeret og innovativ brug af bl.a. stop-motion til metal, og disse transformationer bliver animation. Han er ikke ufortjent blevet en måde at beskrive oprøret mod det pres sammenlignet med David Lynch (Eraser- og de forventninger, byen og samfundet head), Sam Raimi (Evil Dead) og ikke lægger på hovedpersonen. Samtidig viser mindst David Cronenberg, hvis voldsom de, at en mulig løsning er at bruge byens me body horrorfilm (bl.a. -
FIRES on the PLAIN by Shinya Tsukamoto “Smell the Earth
FIRES ON THE PLAIN By Shinya Tsukamoto “Smell the earth. Smell the water and air. Smell the sap. Smell the peeling skin. Smell the scattered organs and your own rotting flesh.” Shinya Tsukamoto Cast Shinya Tsukamoto (Tamura), Lily Franky (Yasuda), Tatsuya Nakamura (Corporal), Yusaku Mori (Nagamatsu), Yuko Nakamura (Tamura’s wife) Crew Production Director and Scriptwriter: Shinya Tsukamoto Producer: Shinya Tsukamoto Cinematographers: Shinya Tsukamoto, Satoshi Hayashi Production Company: Kaijyu Theater Original Story: Shohei Ooka International Sales: Coproduction Office Assistant Director: Satoshi Hayashi Music: Chu Ishikawa Production Manager: Kaori Saito, Ayako Yamanaka Costume: Hitomi Okabe FIRES ON THE PLAIN SFX molding: Masako SFX sculpting: Chiharu Rikuta, Natsuko Kado Weapon modeling: Tatsuya Mine, Yoshiyuki Siroiwa, Aya Yumiba Special effect: Satoru Narumi, Taku Nakano Sound: Masaya Kitada Editing: Shinya Tsukamoto By Shinya Tsukamoto Japan, 2014, 87 min., colour Synopsis Long Synopsis In the final stages of WWII, the occupying Japanese army in In the final stages of WWII, the occupying Japanese army in the Philippines is rapidly losing ground, facing local resistance the Philippines is rapidly losing ground, facing local resistance combined with an American offensive. The final few Japanese combined with an American offensive. It is only a matter of time survivors, having almost been wiped out, have crossed the before the few survivors are wiped out. threshold into a realm where there are no friends, no enemies and no God. Private Tamura, suffering from tuberculosis, is abandoned by his platoon. At the field hospital, a group of soldiers with untreatable diseases and injuries are left outside to die. Private Tamura joins them and becomes acquainted with a young soldier named As they near the rendezvous point, the soldiers must cross a Nagamatsu. -
A Cibercultura E O Cinema De Shinya Tsukamoto
INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE CIÊNCIAS DO TRABALHO E DA EMPRESA DEPARTAMENTO DE SOCIOLOGIA A CIBERCULTURA E O CINEMA DE SHINYA TSUKAMOTO: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DO DÍPTICO TETSUO Marta Sofia da Luz Marcos Pinho Alves Dissertação submetida como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Comunicação, Cultura e Tecnologias de Informação Orientador: Prof. Doutor José Luís Garcia Junho, 2007 À memória dos meus avós, Constança Carmelita Luz e João da Graça Marcos 2 RESUMO Esta dissertação centra a sua análise na relação entre a cibercultura, a figura do cineasta Shinya Tsukamoto no contexto do cinema nipónico e o díptico da sua autoria constituído pelos filmes homónimos, Tetsuo (Tetsuo: O Homem de Aço, 1989) e Tetsuo II: Body Hammer (Tetsuo II: O Ciberpunk , 1992). Numa primeira etapa, elaboramos uma proposta de compreensão do conceito de cibercultura, noção recente e ainda pouco estabilizada, tentando esboçar aqueles que se nos afiguram como os seus elementos mais relevantes. Esta contribuição é realizada através do cruzamento do pensamento de diversos teóricos e de algumas das principais aproximações conceptuais delineadas em torno daquela categoria. Na sequência desta sistematização, procedemos a uma análise detalhada do imaginário conceptual e artístico de Tsukamoto, inserindo-o no contexto da cinematografia do seu país de origem e das relações que esta tem mantido desde a sua génese com o Ocidente. O propósito desta parte da pesquisa é estabelecer pontos de relacionamento entre o cinema de Tsukamoto e o âmbito cibercultural contemporâneo. De forma a aprofundar esta reflexão, na derradeira parte da investigação efectuamos uma análise ao díptico Tetsuo com o objectivo de aceder à forma como se expressa aquele imaginário quer do ponto de vista do conteúdo, quer ainda dos pontos de vista narrativo, expressivo e técnico. -
Il Cinema Di Tsukamoto Shin'ya
Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Lingue, economie ed istituzioni dell’Asia e dell’Africa mediterranea D.M. 270/2004 Tesi di Laurea Magistrale Il cinema di Tsukamoto Shin’ya: fra auto-orientalismo e sovvertimento del tecno-orientalismo Relatore Ch. Prof. Eugenio De Angelis Correlatore Ch. Prof. Toshio Miyake Laureando Alessio Pepe Matricola 841037 Anno Accademico 2016 / 2017 要旨 1989 年、日本の映画監督、塚本晋也の初長編映画「鉄男」がローマ 国際ファンタスティック映画祭でグランプリを取った。当時、アメリ カとヨーロッパでの日本映画への興味はもう薄れて来るところであっ た。その中で、塚本の受賞は映画監督としてのキャリアを積んだだけ でなく、日本のSF映画、特にサイバーパンクというサブジャンルに も非常な影響を与えた。そして「鉄男」が次第にサイバーバンクのフ ァンの間で話題になるに連れ、塚本はカルト映画監督として注目を浴 びるようになった。それはなぜであろうか。答えを挙げるために、と りあえずオリエンタリズムという現象についての説明をする必要があ ると思う。 オリエンタリズムとは、フランスとイギリスをはじめ、ヨーロッパ だけでなくアメリカまで展開されたアカデミックな思想で、世界を 「西洋」と「東洋」に分けて考える考え方である。この「東洋」とは アジアの全ての国の特徴が一つの単語で画一化された概念である。 「東洋」に対し、オリエンタリズムは難解でエキゾチックなイメージ があり、「西洋」の人々から見ると「東洋」の社会は「西洋」に較べ それほど文明化されていないと考える思想である。 面白いことに、この考え方は「西洋」だけでなく、日本でも、特に 日本の映画や小説などで時々見られる。例えば、日本人の小説家と映 画監督の作品にはアメリカ人などが日本に対し用いるステレオタイプ が出て来ることもある。この場合では「セルフ・オリエンタリズム」 とも呼ばれる。映画と言えば、「日活」の「寿司タイフーン」という 部局で作られている映画はいつも過激で、日本の文化の中で「西洋」 の人々に魅力を発散するさまざまな要素が含まれている。 塚本の作品からも「セルフ・オリエンタリズム」の要素が見られる。 サイバーパンクの場合はもちろん、別のジャンルの映画でも「鉄男」 で使われた過激なスタイルが出て来るのが一つの例である。塚本はイ ンタービューでこのスタイルが漫画の影響を受けたと言った。 1 しかし、時々「セルフ・オリエンタリズム」に抵抗する傾向もみら れる。例えば、柾悟郎の小説「ヴィーナス・シティ」(1992 年)では、 リドリー・スコットの「ブレードランナー」(1982 年)のようなアメ リカで作られたサイバーパンクの映画に現れるオリエンタリズムに対 し批判している声もある。 この論文の目標は塚本の作品の中で、柾悟郎の同じようにサイバー パンクのオリエンタリズム、いわゆる「テクノ・オリエンタリズム」 に対し批判している映画があるかどうかについて研究することである。 研究を進めるために、第一に、日本の最近の映画と国際映画祭につい て説明する必要がある。第二に、オリエンタリズムの定義をはじめ 「セルフ・オリエンタリズム」の現象を紹介し、多数な日本人の映画 -
Schichte Im Werk Shinya Tsu- Kamotos
BACHELORARBEIT Manuel Fricke Der Körper als Projektionsflä- che der Psyche und die menschliche Evolutionsge- schichte im Werk Shinya Tsu- kamotos 2013 Fakultät Medien BACHELORARBEIT Der Körper als Projektionsflä- che der Psyche und die menschliche Evolutionsge- schichte im Werk Shinya Tsu- kamotos Autor: Herr Manuel Fricke Studiengang: Regie (Film/Fernsehen) Seminargruppe: FF09w2-B Erstprüfer: Prof. Dr. Detlef Gwosc Zweitprüfer: Holger Borggrefe Einreichung: Nenzingen, 11.09.2013 Faculty of Media BACHELOR THESIS The body as a projection sur- face for the psyche and the hu- man evolution in the works of Shinya Tsukamoto author: Mr. Manuel Fricke course of studies: Directing (Film/Television) seminar group: FF09w2-B first examiner: Prof. Dr. Detlef Gwosc second examiner: Holger Borggrefe submission: Nenzingen, 11.09.2013 IV Bibliografische Angaben: Nachname, Vorname: Der Körper als Projektionsfläche der Psyche und die menschliche Evo- lutionsgeschichte im Werk Shinya Tsukamotos The body as a projection surface for the psyche and the human evolution in the works of Shinya Tsukamoto 2013 - 93 Seiten Mittweida, Hochschule Mittweida (FH), University of Applied Sciences, Fakultät Medien, Bachelorarbeit, 2013 Abstract Die Bachelorarbeit befasst sich mit der Funktion des menschlichen Körpers im Werk des Regisseurs Shinya Tsukamoto anhand von sieben ausgewählten Filmbeispielen. Die Fragestellung ist hierbei, wie der menschliche Körper als Mittel zur Erzählung ver- wendet wird. Hierbei wird die These aufgestellt, dass die Körper der Hauptprotagonis- ten in Tsukamotos Filmen in unterschiedlicher Form als visuelle Erweiterung, sprich: als Projektionsfläche für innere Konflikte und Problemstellungen und stets auch für die nicht immer gelingende Lösung dieser Konflikte immanent sind bzw. wären. Metho- disch wird hierbei je nach Film entweder ganzheitlich die Handlung und die visuellen Ausdrucksformen analysiert und interpretiert oder auf einzelne Szenen detailliert einge- gangen. -
Post-Human Nightmares
Post-Human Nightmares Mark Player 13 May 2011 A man wakes up one morning to find himself slowly transforming into a living hybrid of meat and scrap metal; he dreams of being sodomised by a woman with a snakelike, strap-on phallus. Clandestine experiments of sensory depravation and mental torture unleash psychic powers in test subjects, prompting them to explode into showers of black pus or tear the flesh off each other's bodies in a sexual frenzy. Meanwhile, a hysterical cyborg sex-slave runs amok through busy streets whilst electrically charged demi-gods battle for supremacy on the rooftops above. This is cyberpunk, Japanese style : a brief filmmaking movement that erupted from the Japanese underground to garner international attention in the late 1980s. The world of live-action Japanese cyberpunk is a twisted and strange one indeed; a far cry from the established notions of computer hackers, ubiquitous technologies and domineering conglomerates as found in the pages of William Gibson's Neuromancer (1984) - a pivotal cyberpunk text during the sub-genre's formation and recognition in the early eighties. From a cinematic standpoint, it perhaps owes more to the industrial gothic of David Lynch's Eraserhead (1976) and the psycho-sexual body horror of early David Cronenberg than the rain- soaked metropolis of Ridley Scott's Blade Runner (1982), although Scott's neon infused tech-noir has been a major aesthetic touchstone for cyberpunk manga and anime institutions such as Katsuhiro Otomo's Akira (1982- 90) and Masamune Shirow's Ghost in the Shell (1989- ). In the Western world, cyberpunk was born out of the new wave science fiction literature of the sixties and seventies; authors such Harlan Ellison, J.G. -
Bullet Ballet
BULLET BALLET Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Biblioteca de Humanidades, Comunicación y Documentación Shin’ya Tsukamoto Shin’ya Tsukamoto nació en 1960 en Shibuya, Japón. Precoz en el cine, comienza a rodar en Super 8 durante su adolescencia. A los 19 años ya ha rodado sus primeros largometrajes amateur y consigue que sus películas se proyecten en festivales respaldados por cadenas japonesas. Mientras estudia Bellas Artes se une a un grupo de teatro universitario donde se inicia en la actuación. Sus compañeros de teatro serían los actores de Tetsuo, el hombre de hierro (1989), su primera película en 16mm. El film, rodado con bajo presupuesto y emparentado temática y generacionalmente con el Death Powder (1987) de Shigeru Izumiya o los Pinocchio 964 (1992) y Rubber’s Lover (1996) de Shojin Fukui, supuso su puesta de largo, ganando cierta relevancia en el underground y el ámbito académico. Desde ese momento alternaría las labores de director –contratado o en proyectos personales– con los roles de actor, director, editor, guionista y productor. El cine de Tsukamoto es tendente al erotismo y la violencia, centrado en comportamientos maniáticos, obsesiones y pulsiones. Sus personajes suelen ser individuos integrados en la norma social japonesa, frecuentemente asalariados, que ven rota la normalidad en la que viven por la introducción de un elemento ajeno a su mundo y a su control (secuestros, suicidios, asesinatos, infidelidades…). La introducción de este elemento muestra que bajo la aparente normalidad de la ciudad hay un mundo siniestro, embebido en sus zonas industriales y en sus callejones. In both Tetsuo films the metropolis is an invulnerable, labyrinthine stage to be (barely) navigated at high speeds, while newly fashioned ciborgs misdirect their frustrations, sexual and otherwise, at each other.