ANNUAL REPORT 2018-2019 HELPLINE: +44 845 868 2708 [email protected]

ANNUAL REPORT 2018-2019 HELPLINE: +44 845 868 2708 Aca@Wsp.Com

39 144

14 54

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Airports Council International Europe concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city of area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Photos: copyright belongs to the airport(s) listed in the captions (when applicable). TABLE OF CONTENTS

Welcome to the Annual Report 4 1 Executive summary 6 2 The global context 8 What is Airport Carbon Accreditation? 8 10 years of Airport Carbon Accreditation 14 How is Airport Carbon Accreditation governed? 16 What are the benefits from accreditation? 18 3 Trends 20 Global 20 Europe 23 Asia-Pacific 25 North America 27 Latin America & the Caribbean 29 Africa 31 4 Carbon neutrality 33 5 Year 10 programme developments 39 6 Case studies 42 7 Outlook 52 8 Methodology 54 9 Accreditations list 56 WELCOME TO THE ANNUAL REPORT

Airport Carbon Accreditation is the global standard for carbon management in the airport industry. The programme was launched in Europe in 2009 and since 2014 it covers all ACI regions. As part of the global efforts in climate mitigation, Airport Carbon Accreditation supports the airport community in reducing its carbon footprint, demonstrating its achievements and sharing knowledge and best practices. The Annual Report, which is published in the fall of each year, covers the previous reporting year (i.e., mid-May to mid-May) and presents the programme’s evolution and achievements. We are very pleased to present this report for programme year 10, which runs from 16 May 2018 to 15 May 2019. The report focuses on key achievements and developments, the most significant global and regional trends, and representative case studies. 2019 marks 10 years since the launch of Airport Carbon Accreditation. Thanks to the close cooperation between airports, verifiers, the Airport Carbon Accreditation team and many other stakeholders, the programme continues to grow, with 37 new airports being accredited, reaching 274 airports in total, and to evolve: Airport Carbon Accreditation introduced new offsetting requirements and recommendations raising the offsetting standards in the airport industry, updated the programme Guidance Document providing additional clarity, and continued exploring avenues to enhance the programme’s alignment with the ambition of the Paris Agreement. Our vision is to maintain the dynamic growth of Airport Carbon Accreditation, engaging airports from all regions in carbon reduction efforts, while keeping the programme aligned with evolving scientific and political developments in relation to climate change.

4 Our“ vision is to maintain the dynamic growth of Airport Carbon Accreditation, engaging airports from all regions in carbon reduction efforts. ”

LA REUNION ROLAND GARROS AIRPORT / RUN 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 274 accredited airports 37 new accreditations 16% growth since the previous year 43% of passengers welcomed by accredited airports 68 number of countries with accredited airports 49 accredited airports upgrading to a more stringent level of accreditation

-322,297 TONNES (- 4.9%) aggregate scope 1 & 2 CO2e absolute emissions reductions from airports at all levels

-0.09 KGS (- 4.3%) scope 1 & 2 CO2e relative emissions reductions per passenger from airports at all levels 50 carbon neutral airports

-710,673 TONNES

of CO2e offset

6 144 in Europe 39 54 in North America in Asia-Pacific 14 23 in Africa in Latin America & Caribbean

89 Level 1 I Mapping 77 Level 2 I Reduction 58 Level 3 I Optimisation 50 Level 3+ I Neutrality QUEEN ALIA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / AMM

2 THE GLOBAL CONTEXT

In October 2018, the Intergovernmental Panel on operations, for instance floods at Kansai, Hong Kong Climate Change (IPCC) released a Special Report and Cochin airports in 2018. These events make on “Global Warming of 1.5oC”, concluding that climate change particularly tangible for the aviation business-as-usual climate policy would lead to a sector and highlight even more the importance of 3°C temperature increase by the end of the century, bold climate action. It also means that in addition with catastrophic consequences. Limiting global to mitigation efforts, an increasing attention to warming to 1.5°C would require “unprecedented” the adaptation to climate change is required, as and “deep emissions reductions in all sectors” highlighted by the 2018 ACI World Policy Brief –

and a decrease in global CO2 emissions “well Airport’s Resilience and Adaptation to a Changing

before 2030”. Overall, global net CO2 emissions Climate. would need to decline by about 45% by 2030 compared to 2010, reaching net zero by 2050. Against the background of new scientific findings, These findings have confirmed the importance of extreme weather events and societal value change, a rigorous implementation of international climate it is all the more important that airport operators instruments, in particular the Paris Agreement, due worldwide continue making efforts to reduce their to enter into force as of 2020, and for international emissions and where possible, enhance them. In aviation emissions, ICAO’s Carbon Offsetting particular, this means exploring opportunities to and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation support emissions reductions from airlines and other (CORSIA) under which emissions reporting by stakeholders airports interact with, building on their aircraft operators has already started. role of interface between a variety of different actors from and beyond the aviation sector. For Airport In addition to CORSIA, the aviation sector is Carbon Accreditation, this implies evolving in a way continuously working on reducing its emissions that encourages and recognises such increased through more efficient aircraft technologies, the ambition, while continuing addressing the needs improvement of operational procedures and use of airports that are in the beginning of their carbon of sustainable aviation fuels. Due to the increasing management journey. air transport demand, these achievements have, however, so far not reversed the trend of growth What is Airport Carbon Accreditation? in absolute aviation emissions. This leads to an unprecedented pressure on the aviation sector Airport Carbon Accreditation is the global standard to step up its climate action, with its social and for carbon management in the airport industry. The economic benefits being questioned in some aim is to encourage and enable airports to implement countries – for instance, with the emergence of best practices in carbon management. It has been a “flying shame” movement in Europe, calling to developed in line with international standards, stop flying in order to save the planet. including the Greenhouse Gas Protocol and ISO 14064, and is reviewed and updated accordingly as At the same time, the increasing frequency of these standards evolve. The programme focuses on

extreme weather events over the last years has CO2 emissions, as they comprise the large majority also directly impacted aviation infrastructure and of airport emissions, while independent verification

8 ensures the programme’s credibility. Airports can LEVEL 3 become accredited at four progressively ambitious Optimisation requires fulfilment of all level 2 levels of accreditation. accreditation requirements, development of a more extensive carbon footprint to include specific scope LEVEL 1 3 emissions and the formulation of a Stakeholder Mapping requires a policy commitment to Engagement Plan to promote wider airport-based emissions reduction endorsed by top management emissions’ reductions. and the development of a carbon footprint for emissions under the airport’s control (i.e., scope 1 LEVEL 3+ & 2 emissions). Neutrality requires fulfilment of all level 3 accreditation requirements and offsetting of residual LEVEL 2 emissions under the airport’s control that cannot be Reduction requires the fulfilment of all level 1 reduced. accreditation requirements, formulation of a carbon emissions reduction target, development of a Figure 1 presents the main accreditation Carbon Management Plan to achieve the target and requirements and Figure 2 an indicative classification annual reduction of emissions under the airport’s of the main airport related emissions. control (i.e., scope 1 & 2 emissions) versus the three-year rolling average.

FIGURE 1: MAIN REQUIREMENTS OF AIRPORT CARBON ACCREDITATION

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 9 FIGURE 2: INDICATIVE CLASSIFICATION OF AIRPORT RELATED EMISSIONS

10 Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 11 FIGURE 3: AIRPORT CARBON ACCREDITATION MILESTONES

YEAR 5 (2013/2014) YEAR 1 Extension to the (2009/2010) YEAR 3 African region (2011/2012) Launched in Europe Extension to the Asia-Pacific region

17 43 59 84 102

YEAR 2 (2010/2011) YEAR 4 (2012/2013)

12 YEAR 9 (2017/2018) YEAR 7 (2015/2016)

125 156 189 237 274

YEAR 6 YEAR 10 (2014/2015) (2018/2019) Extension to the North American 2019 marks 10 years and the Latin American & the since the launch of Airport Caribbean regions YEAR 8 Carbon Accreditation. New (2016/2017) offsetting requirements and recommendations were introduced raising the offsetting standards in the airport industry. 49 airports upgraded to a more demanding accreditation level; marking the highest rate of upgrades since the programme’s launch. There are 50 carbon neutral airports across the world.

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 13 10 years of Airport Carbon Accreditation This year, Airport Carbon Accreditation is celebrating results in terms of emissions reductions. They are its 10th anniversary. From an exploratory initiative that typically achieved through the use of low carbon fuel began with 17 of the environmentally most advanced or electricity for ground support equipment, renewal of airports in Europe in the first year (2009-2010), it vehicle fleets, efficiency improvements in lighting and has gradually expanded to other regions – first Asia- heating/air conditioning systems in terminal buildings Pacific, then Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and the procurement or direct generation of electricity and North America. At the end of 2014, it became a from renewable sources. global industry standard for airports all over the world. Today there are 274 accredited airports. Airport Carbon Third, Airport Carbon Accreditation provides a general Accreditation has come so far thanks to four main framework and beacons, but each airport charts reasons. the exact path and pace of progress individually. The Carbon Accredited airports are small and large, First, its methodological robustness and relevance commercial hubs and general aviation airports, situated for airports came as a big advantage. Airport Carbon in the biggest countries of the world and in small island Accreditation is based on international, cross- states. While these airports are at different stages in industry standards for emissions management – the the carbon management journey, every region has Greenhouse Gas Protocol and ISO 14064 - translated today airports from all four accreditation levels. into airport language. There are actually many airports for which Airport Carbon Accreditation was the starting Last but not least, Airport Carbon Accreditation has been point for developing and continuously improving their designed specifically for airports by airports. The initial carbon management. Task Force, which was responsible for the design of the programme, has now expanded and has developed Second, Airport Carbon Accreditation is a performance- into a truly international team with representatives oriented programme, showing year on year quantified from several ACI regions that meets regularly to ensure that the programme evolves (Figure 4).

FIGURE 4: MEMBERS OF THE AIRPORT CARBON ACCREDITATION TASK FORCE

Client : AEROPORT NICE

Ref. Commerciale : LOGO AEROPORT COTEDAZUR PANTONE DESIGN PUBLICIS SOLEIL Nom de fichier : Logo_aeoroport_cotedazur_pantone Port Ariane - Marina Del Rey 44, bd Longchamp 2, rue des consuls - 34970 LATTES 13001 Marseille Logiciel : Illustrator CS3 Tél. : 04 99 13 76 40 - Fax : 04 99 13 76 48 Tél. : 04 91 10 79 70 - Fax : 04 91 10 79 95 [email protected] [email protected] Date : 10/05/2010 Version : 01

Couleurs : ATTENTION : Défonces et surimpressions, ainsi que grossis maigris, ne sont pas gérés Couleurs Pantone ® : sur le fichier. P.3135 P.273 P.390

Couleurs à composer : From left to right: Olivier Jankovec, Director General ACI EUROPE; Angela Gittens, Director General ACI World; Patti Chau, Director General ACI Asia-Pacific mark 10 years ofAirport Carbon Accreditation at the 2019 ACI Asia-Pacific/World Annual General Assembly in Hong Kong

The environmental consultancy WSP is the inclusion of the programme into the Yearbook of Global independent third party, which performs the day-to-day Climate Action 2018, as an enabler of non-state action administration of the programme, including the against climate change. decisions on certifications. WSP has been supporting th the programme since its inception. Furthermore, While the 10 anniversary of Airport Carbon airport applications must be independently verified Accreditation certainly offers many reasons to celebrate on a regular basis, before being submitted to the the programme’s success, it is also the right time to administrator; they are thus subject to a double quality reflect on what it can do more or better. Airport Carbon control. Accreditation needs to reflect the latest scientific and political calls for more ambitious climate action, while It is therefore not surprising that Airport Carbon continuing engaging airports from various regions Accreditation has won praise from the most and at different stages in their carbon management authoritative institutions in the area of aviation and journey. It is about recognising that depending on the climate change, such as International Civil Aviation region they are located in and associated influencing Organisation (ICAO), the United Nations Framework factors (historical, political, economic, technological, Convention for Climate Change (UNFCCC), the etc.), airports all over the world are not equally European Commission and the US Federal Aviation empowered to take action against their emissions. Administration (FAA). A case in point is the special Airport Carbon Accreditation has to remain a tool that recognition Airport Carbon Accreditation received also accommodates the needs of these airports. in December 2018 from the UNFCCC through the

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 15 FIGURE 5: HOW IS AIRPORT CARBON ACCREDITATION GOVERNED?

ACI ADMINISTRATOR

ACI EUROPE has the overall The independent programme responsibility for Airport Carbon Administrator guides airports Accreditation, and manages it through the application in close cooperation with the process (i.e., help desk other ACI regions and support service), reviews and approves by ACI World. accreditations and oversees the appointment and training

consultancy WSP serves as the programme’s Administrator.

16 TASK FORCE

A technical Task Force meets twice a year to review technical issues, make recommendations and overall ensure that the programme is aligned with international standards and developments, as well as the evolving airport needs. The Task Force is comprised of airport environmental representatives from selected accredited airports, ACI regional representatives and the Administrator.

ADVISORY BOARD

An independent Advisory Board determines policy direction, oversees the programme’s development and encourages external recognition. The Advisory of aviation and the environment including:

• Eurocontrol

• European Commission, Directorate General Climate Action

• European Commission, Directorate General Mobility and Transport 17 • Federal Aviation Administration of the United States • European Civil Aviation Conference • International Civil Aviation Organisation (Focal Point) • Manchester Metropolitan University • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change • Aviation Environment Federation (Director in his personal capacity)

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 17 LA ISABELA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / JBQ

What are the benefits from accreditation? Airports voluntarily participate in Airport Carbon Accreditation for a number of reasons, as also reported in the Case Studies section of this report. In particular, accreditation: Facilitates better understanding of airport emissions, through data collection and the verification process. As part of the accreditation process, Salvador de Bahia Airport had the opportunity, for the first time, to map and systematically analyse the sources of carbon impact, identify mitigation opportunities and develop a carbon reduction plan. Supports the implementation of a strategic approach to carbon management. The accreditation of Christchurch International Airport was in line with its sustainability strategy, centred around the Maori concept of kaitiakitanga – responsibility, care and guardianship. Roland Garros Airport has a strong environmental ambition, which is clearly stated in its strategic plan. Joining Airport Carbon Accreditation directly at level 2 is in line with the airport’s determination to pursue climate protection and energy self-sufficiency. Inspires leadership and bold climate initiatives. AERODOM is the first group in Latin America and the Caribbean to accredit all of its airports under the programme. This is of particular importance as the airport group communicates to the international aviation community that it is committed to develop its operations in a sustainable manner, decreasing carbon emissions and involving stakeholders in the fight against climate change. Leads to real emissions reductions, thus contributing to progress towards industry, national or global targets. Helsinki Airport uses renewable diesel in its vehicles and also distributes it to ground handling companies. The fuel is made 100% from waste and residues, which means over 90% fewer emissions compared to fossil diesel. Dakar Blaise Diagne Airport is promoting a country-wide industry engagement on carbon management, therefore its accreditation can also be a catalyser for climate action in other sectors.

18 Encourages operational and cost efficiencies for the airport and third parties. Carrasco Airport realised that its carbon reduction initiatives had an important financial return and did not entail additional costs. The Hillsborough County Aviation Authority, which manages Tampa International Airport and four general aviation airports in North America, suggests that accreditation is good for the environment, but also cuts down on energy and waste costs.

Enhances engagement with third parties regarding CO2 management. According to Naples Airport, accreditation is important to formulate an emission management plan, which recognizes the core role of stakeholders and the importance of their participation in airport efforts and targets. Facilitates exchange of best practices between airports. According to the Port Authority of NY & NJ Airports, which manages five airports, accreditation demonstrates the Authority’s commitment to reducing the carbon footprint and allows sharing of best practices with other airports around the globe, continually striving to be best-in-class in sustainability. Enhances the public credibility of climate action by the airport industry and individual airports & increases motivation for further progress. The accreditation of Rajiv Gandhi International Airport has built confidence with the regulatory agencies on the airport’s compliance matters. As one of the smaller airports in Canada, Greater Moncton Romeo LeBlanc International Airport wanted to demonstrate that any airport, regardless of size, could excel within the programme. Reaching each accreditation level has brought pride to the organization and the community.

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 19 3 TRENDS

GLOBAL Airport Carbon Accreditation experienced the second highest annual growth since its inception in terms of accredited airports, with 37 net accreditations, bringing the total number of accredited airports to 274; an increase of 16% from the previous year1.

FIGURE 5: ACCREDITED AIRPORTS OVER TIME – GLOBAL

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3+ % Passenger traffic

43% 43% 300 0.45 38% 0.4 250 50 31% 0.35 28% 44 200 58 0.3 23% 22% 34 42 0.25 150 22 37 17% 77 0.2 33 13% 20 73 100 0.15 13 14 16 24 60 8 10 20 59 6% 0.1 10 5 8 28 49 50 26 89 19 78 8324 58 0.05 38 42 20 26 31 32 0 0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 17 43 63 84 102 125 156 189 237 274 At the end of this reporting year, 89 airports were accredited at level 1 (Mapping), 77 at level 2 (Reduction), 58 at level 3 (Optimisation) and another 50 at level 3+ (Neutrality). The percentage of global passenger traffic traveling through accredited airports remained steady at 43%, suggesting that the newly accredited airports represent a comparatively small component of global passenger traffic. In total, 49 airports upgraded to a more demanding accreditation level and only one downgraded to a lower level. This has been the highest rate of upgrades since the programme’s launch, confirming that airports wish to exhibit continuous improvement. Specifically, 21 airports upgraded to level 2, 22 airports to level 3 and six airports to level 3+. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6, airports of all sizes have achieved accreditation, thanks to efforts to ensure the programme is accessible even to smaller airports2. The distribution among airport sizes has been relatively steady over the years.

1 There were 39 new accreditations and two withdrawals (Istanbul and Denver airports), thus the net new accreditations are 37. The term “new accreditations” in this report refers to the net number of new accreditations.

2 Airport Carbon Accreditation differentiates between six airport categories, defined as Bands: Band A (>20 m. pax/year); B (6-20 m. pax/year); Band C (1-6 m. pax/year); Band D (0.5-1 m. pax/year); Band S (<0.5 m. pax/year); and Band E (airport groups with airports of Band S).

20 FIGURE 6: CERTIFIED AIRPORTS PER BAND

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3+ 80

70 3 11 7 60 14 7 10 50 16 11 21 40 10 30 30

20 24 40 32 4 1 2 10 15 10 6 0 A B C D S&E

In 2018/2019 aggregate scope 1 and 2 emissions from airports at all levels of accreditation were 6,520,255 tonnes of CO2e. Airports achieved a reduction of 322,297 tonnes of CO2e (4.9%) compared to the 3-year rolling average, which represents the standard baseline of the programme to ensure unbiased assessments3. This represents an important achievement, as airports continue to show year to year reductions.

Emissions per passenger declined to 1.81 kgs of CO2e and emissions per traffic unit reached 1.55 kgs of

CO2e. Compared to the 3-year-rolling average, accredited airports have achieved a reduction by 4.3% for each of the metrics. This development suggests a more efficient use of infrastructure and resources.

The 50 carbon neutral airports offset 710,673 tonnes of CO2e, (compared to 672,000 tonnes in 2017/2018), an increase of 5.8%. More details on offsetting are provided at the dedicated section later in the report.

Finally, the scope 3 emissions of the airports at level 3 and 3+ reached just over 60 million tonnes of CO2e, an increase of 12.9% compared to the previous reporting year.

3 For more information on the use of the three-year rolling average, please refer to the Methodology section.

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 21 TABLE 1: AIRPORT CARBON ACCREDITATION KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Time period Absolute change compared to Change Indicator Unit (2018/2019) the 3-year rolling average (%) Aggregate scope 1 & 2

emissions from airports tCO2 6,520,255 -322,297 -4.9% at all levels Scope 1 & 2 emissions

per passenger from Kgs of CO2 1.81 -0.09 -4.3% airports at all levels Scope 1 & 2 emissions

per traffic unit from Kgs of CO2 1.55 -0.08 -4.3% airports at all levels

Time period Absolute change Change Indicator Unit (2018/2019) (vs. previous year) (%) Offsetting of aggregate scope 1 & 2 & staff

business travel tCO2e 710,673 38.673 5.8% emissions from airports at level 3+

Time period Absolute change Change Indicator Unit (2018/2019) (vs. previous year) (%) Scope 3 emissions from

airports at levels 3 and tCO2 60,253,685 6,895,954 12.9% 3+

22 MALTA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / MLA

EUROPE

ENF IVL KRN KTT RVN KAO KEF LLA TRD KEM OSD UME HEL BGO OSL BMA ARN SVG KRS GOT

RNB RIX VBY VNO CPH PLQ MAN MMX KUN DUB

EMA AMS STN HAM ORK LHR EIN BRS LCY FAB DUS NQY LGW BRU CER LEH LGG FRA PRG BES DNR CDG RHE LUX STR UIP RNS LBG BSL MUC VIE ORY QYR VNE NTE GVA BUD LFFI TUFAUF DIJ ZRH OTP SNR BOU LIN VRN LJU PIS XCD NCY CFE LYS BGY ZAG CMF TSF BBU TLS GNB MXP VAR TRN VCE PRN FNI SCQ LDE NCE BLQ DBV SOF BOJ ESB FLW LFBF MRS MCMLTT CIA HOR TLN CEQ OPO TIA PDL BCN ADB MAD FCO SKG SMA AYT MAH CAG NAP ATH MJT LIS BYJ CDT AGP PMI EFL RHO PXO FAO ALC PFO LCA MLA FNC TLV

ACE

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 23 The reporting year ended with 13 new accreditations, bringing the total number of accredited airports in Europe to 1444. These airports account for 64% of European passenger traffic and 53% of all accredited airports in the programme.

FIGURE 7: ACCREDITED AIRPORTS IN EUROPE

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3+ % Passenger traffic

65% 65% 0.7 62% 64% 64% 64% 160 59% 0.6 140 53%

120 41 0.5 41% 35 27 100 22 0.4 20 23 80 20 16 21 23 0.3 8 14 60 21% 15 18 34 10 12 40 5 8 36 36 0.2 40 22 24 18 36 324 10 0.1 20 38 46 27 30 28 30 20 23 18 0 0 Y1 Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 17 43 59 75 85 92 107 116 133 144

By the end of the reporting period, accredited airports at all levels in this region reduced their scope 1 and

2 CO2e emissions by 158,172 tonnes; a reduction of 8% compared to the 3-year-rolling average. The per

passenger emissions declined to 1.31 kgs of CO2e; a 7.1% reduction compared to the 3-year rolling average. This development suggests a much more efficient use of infrastructure and resources. The percentage of European passengers traveling through an accredited airport remained almost steady. This reflects the fact that a number of major airports are already accredited with new entrants being smaller airports. This trend is expected to continue. Regarding upgrades, 21 airports became accredited at a more demanding level and one downgraded to a lower level. By the end of the reporting year, 41 airports were carbon neutral, suggesting good progress towards the ACI EUROPE target of 100 carbon neutral airports by 2030 and confirming the importance airports place on carbon neutrality.

4 The graph shows 11 new accreditations, as one accredited airport has been shifted from this region to Africa and one accredited airport has been shifted to Latin America and the Caribbean due to airport registration updates.

24 SINGAPORE CHANGI AIRPORT / SIN

ASIA-PACIFIC

PEK

CGO NRT CTU UKB ICN ITM KIX AMM DXB HKG TPE DOH DWC DEL VNS CCU MCT SZX AUH SHJ BBI CEI MFM BOM HYD CNX HAK SLL DMK REP BLR BKK PNH KOS TRV HDY

SIN KUL

ISA TSV NOU NAN

LRE MCY BNE PER YPPF OOL SYD MEL ADL

HBA CHC

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 25 The reporting year ended with 10 new accreditations, bringing the total number of accredited airports in Asia-Pacific to 54. These airports account for 36% of Asia-Pacific passenger traffic and 20% of all accredited airports in the programme.

FIGURE 8: ACCREDITED AIRPORTS IN ASIA-PACIFIC

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3+ % Passenger traffic

36% 0.4 60 33% 0.35 30% 6 50 0.3 24% 24% 40 6 0.25 20 5 0.2 30 16% 14 14% 10 10 0.15 6 20 12 17 7 0.1 6% 5 12 1 13 10 4 3 1 0.05 4 12 9 12 11 4 7 6 0 0 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 4 9 16 25 29 36 44 54

By the end of the reporting period, accredited airports at all levels in this region reduced their scope 1 and 2

CO2e emissions by 15,164 tonnes; a reduction of 0.5% compared to the three-year-rolling average. The per

passenger emissions declined to 2.51 kgs of CO2e; a 0.4% reduction compared to the 3-year rolling average. The coverage of passenger traffic by the accredited airports continues to grow (i.e., by 3% from year 9 to year 10). Regarding upgrades, 14 airports became accredited at a higher level of accreditation. By the end of the reporting year, six airports remained carbon neutral.

26 HONOLULU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / HNL

NORTH AMERICA

YEG YWG YLW YYJ YQR YVR YQB YQM SEA YOW YUL MSP YYZ HIO TTD YYG DTW TEB YHZ SWF PDX LGA SLC EWR JFK SFO IND VNY PHX DFW LAX DAL SAN AUS VDF TPA PCM TPF HNL

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 27 The reporting year ended with five new accreditations, bringing the total number of accredited airports in North America to 39. These airports account for 41% of North America passenger traffic and 14% of all accredited airports in the programme. By the end of the reporting period, accredited airports at all levels in this region reduced their scope 1 and

2 CO2e emissions by 141,696 tonnes; a reduction of 10.5% compared to the three-year-rolling average. The

per passenger emissions declined to 1.59 kgs of CO2e ; a 9.7% reduction compared to the 3-year rolling average. This development suggests a much more efficient use of infrastructure and resources.

FIGURE 9: ACCREDITED AIRPORTS IN NORTH AMERICA

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3+ % Passenger traffic

44% 41% 0.45 1 0.4

32% 1 0.35

14 0.3 8 0.25 18% 1 0.2 4 0.15 16 15 2 8 0.1 4% 0.05 1 8 5 9 9 9 0 3 -0.05 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 6 13 22 34 39

The coverage of passenger traffic by the accredited airports declined (i.e., by 3% from year 9 to year 10). This reflects the fact that accredited airports may not have grown in terms of passenger numbers at the same pace as non-accredited airports. Regarding upgrades, nine airports became accredited at a higher level. By the end of the reporting year, one airport remained carbon neutral.

28 EL DORADO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / BOG

LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN

TIJ

LMM

AGU POP AZS PVR STI EPS SFG SDQ BRX JBQ

CUR SJO

BOG

UIO

GPS GYE

SSA PIO

CNF

SCL MVD

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 29 The reporting year ended with six new accreditations, bringing the total number of accredited airports in Latin America and the Caribbean to 235. This is the second highest participation increase since the launch of the programme in the region. Accredited airports account for 17% of passenger traffic in Latin America and the Caribbean and 8% of all accredited airports in the programme. By the end of the reporting period, accredited airports at all levels in this region increased their scope 1 and

2 CO2e emissions by 4,611 tonnes; an increase of 6.5% compared to the three-year-rolling average. The per 6 passenger emissions reached 0.76 kgs of CO2e ; a 6% increase compared to the 3-year rolling average .

FIGURE 10: ACCREDITED AIRPORTS IN LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3+ % Passenger traffic

30 17% 0.18

0.16 25 14% 1 1 0.14

20 0.12 6 1 0.1 15 8% 3 0.08

10 0.06 3% 15 12 0.04 5 1 2 1% 0.02 1 3 4 0 0 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 1 4 6 16 23

The coverage of passenger traffic by the accredited airports continues to grow (i.e., by 3% from year 9 to year 10). This reflects the increasing interest of airports in this region for carbon management. Regarding upgrades, three airports upgraded to a higher level of accreditation. By the end of the reporting year, one airport remained carbon neutral.

5 The graph shows seven new accreditations, as one additional airport has been shifted to this region from Europe due to airport registration updates.

6 The increase in the aggregated footprint is due to new entrants at level 1, which disproportionally influence the calculations. Review of the detailed performance of airports at level 2 and above indicate reduction of emissions.

30 GEORGE AIRPORT / GRJ

AFRICA

NBE CMN RAK

DSS

ABJ

LBV

DZA

RUNMRU

JNB

DUR

CPT PLZ GRJ

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 31 The reporting year ended with three new accreditations, bringing the total number of accredited airports in Africa to 147. These airports account for 31% of African passenger traffic and 5% of all accredited airports in the programme, suggesting a stabilisation compared to the previous reporting period. By the end of the reporting period, accredited airports at all levels in this region reduced their scope 1 and

2 CO2e emissions by 11,875 tonnes; a reduction of 5% compared to the three-year-rolling average. The per

passenger emissions declined to 3.87 kgs of CO2e; a 4.7% reduction compared to the 3-year rolling average. This development suggests a more efficient use of infrastructure and resources.

FIGURE 11: ACCREDITED AIRPORTS IN AFRICA

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3+ % Passenger traffic

31% 31% 29% 0.3 1 0.25

5 0.2 1 1 0.15 2 2 0.1 3% 8 0.05 1% 1% 7 6 1 0 2 1 1 -0.05 Y5 Y6 Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 1 1 3 9 10 14

The coverage of passenger traffic by the accredited airports remained steady. There were two upgrades in Africa during the programme year, while by the end of the reporting year, one airport remained carbon neutral.

7 The graph shows four new accreditations, as one additional airport has been shifted to this region from Europe due to airport registration updates.

32 4 CARBON NEUTRALITY

Carbon neutrality represents the most advanced level of accreditation. To reach this level, an airport operator needs to reduce its scope 1 and 2 emissions as much as possible and offset any residual emissions, alongside emissions from staff business travel. There has been a gradual growth in accreditations at this level, from four airports in Europe during the first year of the programme to 50 airports across the globe today. Given the airports’ interest for continuous improvement, it is expected that more airports will become accredited at this level. The 50 carbon neutral

airports offset 710,673 tonnes of CO2e (compared to 672,000 tonnes in 2017/2018), an increase of 5.8%.

FIGURE 12: CARBON NEUTRAL AIRPORTS

The following two figures show the types of offset credits used by airports, categorised by offset programme and by project type. Carbon neutral airports have a preference for Certified Emissions Reductions (CER) through which 54% of emissions have been offset (compared to 62% during the previous reporting period); followed by the Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) with 27% (compared to 20% during the previous reporting period). There seems to be a relative trade-off between VCS, which is increasing in preferences, and CDM, compared to the previous reporting period. The Gold Standard remains relatively steady with 19% of emissions offset (compared to 18% during the previous reporting period).

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 33 FIGURE 13: TCO2 PER OFFSETTING PROGRAMME

EUA 631

CAR 2,660

GS VER 135,559

VCS 191,516

CER 380,307

In terms of project types, hydroelectric projects represent 24% of offsets (compared to 66% during the previous reporting period), followed by biogas with 24% (compared to 8% during the previous reporting period). This development represents a shift towards what the programme has identified as higher quality offset types in the Airport Carbon Accreditation Offsetting Guidance Document.

TCo2 Per Offset Project Type FIGURE 14: TCO2 PER OFFSETTING PROJECT TYPE

121,775 168,061 5,200 121,775 HydroelectricIndustry Efficiency 5,200 Industry Efficiency 3,530 WindGeotermal Farm 3,530 Geothermal SolarForestry Forestry 173,257 Biogas CookstoveBiogas 15,517 Biomass BiomassBiomass Cookstove 173,25760,972 BiogasCookstove Solar 59,601 ForestrySolar 102,760 Wind Farm GeothermalWind Farm 59,601 Hydroelectric IndustryHydroelectric efficiency 15,517 168,061 102,760 60,972

Figure 15 shows an indicative list of airports that are offsetting their emissions, mapped against the offset projects host countries, as well as the types of offset projects chosen by the airports. It is evident that projects are spread across many countries across the world, while several of them meet the new and stricter requirements and recommendations of the new Offsetting Guidance Document8. It is expected that this trend will continue in the future.

8 The Offsetting Guidance Document is available at: https://www.airportcarbonaccreditation.org/library.html. For definitions of the project types, the reader can consult the Guidance Document.

34 SAN FRANCISCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / SFO CARRASCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / MVD Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 35 FIGURE 15: INDICATIVE OFFSETTING PROJECT TYPES AND HOST COUNTRIES PER AIRPORT OPERATOR

36 FIGURE 15: INDICATIVE OFFSETTING PROJECT TYPES AND HOST COUNTRIES PER AIRPORT OPERATOR

Biomass Methane capture Biogas Large solar Forestry and land use Cookstoves Small/medium scale wind Large wind Small hydro Geothermal Landfill HFC-23

Farnborough Airport

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 37 Cookstoves Biomass & Biogas

According to the Clean Cooking Alliance The World Biogas Association suggests “improving access to affordable and that it is important to demonstrate to reliable energy services for cooking is all, including those that must meet essential for developing countries in climate change commitments that “they reducing adverse human health and need to put biogas to the heart of those environmental impacts hitherto caused by plans.”10 Eindhoven Airport supports the burning of traditional biomass.”9 A number construction of biogas installations in rural of airports are offsetting their emissions by Tanzania by using manure in the digester. supporting cookstoves projects. Swedavia Biogas is piped to homes and can be used

offsets more than 3,000 tonnes of CO2e for cooking or lighting. Treviso Airport is through the distribution and installation involved in a project in Thailand to generate of 48,000 sets of solar cookers for rural biogas from a starch manufacturing facility households in China that will benefit and a wastewater treatment plant. Athens more than 170,000 persons. Larnaka and International Airport buys offsets from an Pafos Airports are supporting a project Indian biomass project where sugarcane to distribute modern cooking stoves to pulp is used to generate electricity at a socially marginalised groups in southeast cogeneration plant. Co-benefits from these Nepal, while Geneva Airport, MAG (owners offsets are related to improvement of indoor of Manchester, London Stansted and East air quality, reduction of deforestation, better Midlands airports), and Copenhagen Airport living conditions especially for women, and are involved in similar initiatives in Kenya, improved agricultural productivity from the Uganda and Laos respectively. Besides the side products of the biogas generation climate benefits, the key co-benefits are process. related to improved health and well being, access to affordable and clean energy, and gender equality.

9 https://www.cleancookingalliance.org accessed on 21/7/2019.

10 http://www.worldbiogasassociation.org/why-biogas accessed on 21/7/2019.

38 5 YEAR 10 PROGRAMME DEVELOPMENTS

Global offset instruments and markets are becoming more complex and the risk of double counting of offsets is likely to increase in the coming years. Under the Paris Agreement, countries will formulate self-defined greenhouse gases reduction targets. Most of the emission reductions achieved by offset projects will fall within the scope of such reduction targets. Therefore, there is a risk that project host countries count the resulting emission reductions towards their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), whereas the corresponding credits have already been sold internationally. The Paris Agreement requires robust accounting of internationally transferred units to avoid double counting. In this context, Airport Carbon Accreditation developed and released, in January 2019, a dedicated Offsetting Guidance Document, which informs airports about offsetting options, defines requirements and recommendations, and provides practical support through dedicated offset procurement guidelines. This document is based on a comprehensive study on offsetting for airports that was assigned by ACI EUROPE to the company Ecofys in 2017 and completed in 2018. This study included, amongst others the identification of the key offsetting quality criteria and the assessment of offset programmes and projects against them. Based on this assessment, a proposed list of eligible offset programmes was established and offset project types were attributed different degrees of confidence in their compliance with the quality criteria. In addition, key recommendations in the Offsetting Guidance Document refer to offset vintage and to the need for transparency in the communication about offsets chosen by airports. The document is publicly available on the Airport Carbon Accreditation website.

The Airport Carbon Accreditation Guidance Document provides comprehensive and concise information to airports planning to become accredited or to renew/upgrade their accreditation. Issue 11 of the Guidance Document was released in February 2019. The updated version clarifies several provisions, offers an alternative method of accounting for emissions from investments/divestments and encourages the use of renewable energy.

The Airport Carbon Accreditation Task Force was active on a number of fronts, including in depth discussions on the way forward on off-site verification and the accounting of emissions from the use of biofuels. Building on the results of the study on Carbon Reduction Opportunities carried out by WSP in 2017/2018, the Task Force also decided to explore options to provide dash boarding tools to airports to better understand the main emissions sources from the airports’ operations, identify opportunities to reduce carbon emissions, highlight best practices, set priorities and feed this information back to benefit the airport community, ultimately improving the airports’ carbon management decision making.

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 39 Airport Carbon Accreditation received a special recognition in December 2018 from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as a key enabler of non-state action against climate change. The programme was included as the only case study from the transport sector in the second edition of UNFCCC’s Global Climate Action Yearbook 2018. This publication reflects the range of current climate initiatives from non-governmental stakeholders and brings key messages to the international community to encourage a higher level of climate ambition at the national level.

In January 2019, European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), European Environment Agency (EEA) and EUROCONTROL released the second edition of the European Aviation Environmental Report, which provides a scientific and comprehensive overview of the environmental challenges of aviation in the European Union. It gives valuable insight on critical matters in aviation and helps determine the progress achieved and where more work needs to be done. Special reference is made in the report to achievements of Airport Carbon Accreditation.

CARRASCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / MVD

40 There are currently 161 approved verifiers across the world, an increase of 22% compared to previous reporting period. The list is available on the programme’s website.

ACI World’s version 5.1 of the Airport Carbon and Emissions Reporting Tool (ACERT), supports airports in the preparation of their carbon footprint. ACERT has been used by 123 airports globally. The tool is available for free to ACI members. See: https://aci.aero/about-aci/priorities/environment/ acert

It was time to bid farewell to Professor Callum Thomas from Manchester Metropolitan University, who stepped down from the Airport Carbon Accreditation Advisory Board, having participated in it from its very beginning. Professor Thomas has followed the development of the programme over the span of the last 10 years and had a hand in its success through the invaluable input that he brought to the Advisory Board. His seat was taken up by his long-time co-worker and a senior lecturer at Manchester Metropolitan University – Christopher Paling.

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 41 6 CASE STUDIES

This section illustrates case studies from a selection of airports at different accreditation levels and regions, in order to encourage sharing of experiences and best practices. The responses were classified by type of question in order to provide consistent and relevant information to other airports. Figure 16 presents the case study airports. FIGURE 16: CASE STUDY AIRPORTS

Pantone 300 C

42 50%

376

90%

355

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 43 Why did your airport decide to become accredited?

DAKAR AIRPORT (LEVEL 1): The airport’s mid-term objective is carbon “ neutrality. This requires taking the first step, Accreditation is an opportunity to put which is registering to the only worldwide carbon the airport into a progressive approach management program dedicated to airports. to sustainable development in order Starting at level 1 allows for time to train the to contribute to addressing the global employees, learn and share with airport partners. challenge of climate change. Through accreditation the employees got a sense of achievement and were even more motivated to pursue the next level. The certificate brought visibility to the airport’s commitment and increased awareness of airport stakeholders. ”

AERODOM (LEVEL 1):

One of the main targets of the VINCI” Airports S Environmental Policy, AirPact, is ensuring S D

/ that every airport in the network becomes T accredited, works hard to manage carbon B R L O emissions from operations and achieves A P IS IR higher levels of accreditation. E A D L IA A GN ION “ E INTERNAT

SALVADOR DE BAHIA AIRPORT (LEVEL 1): Also, the“ accreditation has led to To have all of its airports accredited, is one of stronger cooperation between the AirPact (VINCI Airports Environmental Policy) different airport departments, such as commitments. The implementation of the carbon environment, operations, and finance, reduction plan, which was developed under building strong multidisciplinary Airport Carbon Accreditation, helped the airport teams. to implement more efficient and controlled processes, reduce fuel and energy consumption and, consequently, minimise expenses. ”

GREATER MONCTON ROMEO LEBLANC INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT 44 Accreditation“ reflects the airports’ HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY AVIATION sustainability commitment by AUTHORITY-HCAA (LEVELS 1 & 2): demonstrating attentiveness to setting measurable, achievable goals toward HCAA’s goal is to be an industry leader in carbon neutrality while also joining an sustainability. Through the active engagement incredible program where there is the of airport management, staff, tenants and opportunity to collaborate with many community, the airports set best practice standards other top-tier airports both domestic and for the industry, making a positive impact on the abroad. community and the environment. ” As aviation“ is a global network, becoming CHRISTCHURCH AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): New Zealand’s first accredited airport, and this directly at level 2, allows the Energy efficiency and carbon reduction have efforts “at the bottom of the world” to long been key Kaitiaki (Guardian) priorities for be recognised by, and contribute to, a Christchurch Airport. With year-on-year reductions globally recognised carbon accreditation in carbon, the airport sought to certify these and reporting programme. achievements.

CARRASCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): ”

Accreditation represents ” an R

opportunity to review processes P R

and look for new prospects in I

terms of savings and operational L improvements. A N

O G I R T E A A N T R E E R T Furthermore, it was an important step for our M IN “ O team in terms of motivation and commitment. N C C AN TO BL N ROMEO LE

GREATER MONCTON ROMEO LEBLANC The timeline“ of Airport Carbon INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3): Accreditation is flexible, but provides the airport with accountability and an Participating in the programme provides motivation external framework for improvement. and common goals to attain. ” Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 45 PANYNJ (LEVEL 3): Accreditation“ through a globally In October 2018, the PANYNJ Board of recognised platform demonstrates our Commissioners voted to embrace the Paris Climate commitment to sustainability first and Agreement, setting new interim greenhouse foremost to our customers, the travelling gas reduction targets and adopting a roadmap of public. initiatives to achieve these goals. ” Airport Carbon Accreditation also helps us benchmark our efforts with other airports across the globe and allows us to learn and share best practices in carbon reduction. Finally, accreditation signals to our key partners how much the PANYNJ values sustainability.

T R O P IR I A K IN LS HE We wanted“ to do our share for fighting climate change and also be in the frontline of being an example for other HELSINKI AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): companies. As the airport has been accredited since 2011, it was a natural step to move from level 2 to carbon neutrality. ”

ROLAND GARROS AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): As the airport’s“ goal is to reach level 3 in 2020, Airport Carbon Accreditation Airport Carbon Accreditation allowed the raises awareness about this ambitious airport to consolidate and control the emissions objective and involves the whole airport quantification process and data accuracy. This community. programme provides higher international visibility to the sustainable and innovative actions of the airport. ” NAPLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): As Naples Airport is located in the city, In 2012 we chose to join Airport Carbon Accreditation“, as it represented an sustainability is the core requirement of our growth and airport management. Therefore, in important, official and widely recognised the field of emissions and air pollution we decided instrument based on which we were to do our best to combat climate change and air able to carry out our efforts towards pollution. carbon neutrality.

46 ” RAJIV GANDHI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+):

Accreditation is associated with the enhancement reduction of greenhouse gas emissions; building of the airport’s brand value within the aviation confidence with regulatory agencies on the industry; significant cost reductions by reducing airport’s compliance issues; and improvement of thermal electricity and fuel consumption; operational efficiency.

What would you recommend to other airports that are seeking accreditation?

DAKAR AIRPORT (LEVEL 1): CARRASCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): Communication among employees is paramount to a smooth process, as most of the data will come from other departments. It is equally important to engage airport stakeholders early in It is beneficial to work closely” with the process. This will facilitate data collection and government agencies. In our case they prepare for higher accreditation levels. believed in the project and promoted the necessary legal changes to allow the SALVADOR DE BAHIA AIRPORT (LEVEL 1): installation of the solar photovoltaic plant. “ Building an interdepartmental team with ” CHRISTCHURCH AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): members from the main areas related to greenhouse gas emissions management is It is important to assign emissions to key one of the most important success factors infrastructure assets as this will make these for accreditation. emissions measurable over time, encourage informed decisions about infrastructure upgrades, and allow the association of each asset with carbon values. ROLAND GARROS“ AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): Airports should 1. Conduct audits; 2. Establish a realistic action plan; 3. Develop a multi-year investment programme; and 4. Set emissions NAPLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): reduction targets. The commitment of the Board of Directors and the widespread awareness of people working at HELSINKI AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): the airport are important in order to ensure the success of the programme and reach the reduction It is important to make sure that the commitment targets. to become carbon neutral is recognised at every level and supported by top management. Also promoting the target to all stakeholders is important to engage them in the process.

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 47 Describe up to 4 key projects you implemented to reduce the emissions at the airport?

AERODOM (LEVEL 1): The airports have installed The solar farms will produce more than 24% of the solar farms a total capacity of 4.6 MWp, while 2.1 airports’ total electricity consumption. MWp are under construction.

HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY AVIATION CARRASCO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): AUTHORITY (LEVELS 1 & 2): The airport’s plan focused on four main projects:

HCAA purchased electric vehicle charging stations; 3 replaced existing lights with LED lights; acquired 1. Fully eliminate the consumption of 122,400 Nm two energy-efficient utility vehicles; and used of natural gas by installing electric heat pumps with innovative runway reclamation processes, which higher energy efficiency. The airport also managed to conserved natural resources and reduced an harness the heat from the chimneys and extraction estimated 4,200 trucks from local and state roads. system, which achieved energy savings of 40% for heating and 20% for cooling;

CHRISTCHURCH AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): 2. Optimise the free cooling system; Three key innovative initiatives are the following: 3. Replace lights with new high-efficiency LED lights; and The Integrated Terminal Project gave Christchurch Airport the opportunity to install 4. Install a photovoltaic solar plant, with the first New Zealand’s first ground source heat pump in Latin America mobile solar tracking system, to system responsible for heating and cooling. This generate 11% of energy consumption. project has enabled reduction of emissions by

approximately 1,100 tonnes of CO2e since 2013. Christchurch Airport was the first airport to sign up to a global initiative - EV100 - committing to transitioning its vehicle fleet to 100% electric. The airport converted the light vehicle fleet to nine EVs and two operations vehicles to plug-in hybrids, while more vehicles will follow. Carbon budgeting allows the airport team to view and track their footprint in a similar way to tracking financial expenses, enabling carbon to be valued and factored into business decisions.

A GREATER MONCTON ROMEO LEBLANC P T INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3): / T R O The main reduction focus has been on emissions P IR from electricity consumption (e.g., LED light at the A L main terminal building and the airfield, management T NA AM TIO of the electricity supplied to the building systems, PA INTERNA etc.). Despite growth in the past four years, the emissions from electricity consumption are down 10% compared to the baseline year.

48 PANYNJ (LEVEL 3): HELSINKI AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): At Newark, comprehensive energy efficiency The four key projects of Helsinki Airport are related improvements including LED lighting retrofits and to 1. The purchase of 100 % renewable electricity upgrades to boilers and ventilation systems, save (i.e., wind power); 2. Use of renewable diesel in the over 1,500 metric tonnes (mt) of CO2e annually. 18 vehicles and also distribution to ground handling all-electric shuttle buses are in operation, saving companies, leading to over 90% less emissions;

270 mt CO2e annually. More than 150 electric or 3. Installation of a solar power plant; and 4. plug-in hybrid fleet vehicles have been procured, Conversion to LED-lights. For example, the use of while on-site rooftop solar installations at Newark LED lights at the largest airport parking area has led and Stewart International Airport reduce emissions to a reduction of emissions by 85%. by approximately 315 mt CO2e annually.

NAPLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): RAJIV GANDHI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): Since 2012, the airport has been implementing a significant action plan aimed at improving efficiency,

RGIA initiated several energy conservation which has reduced the amount of CO2 emissions practices to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions. by about 28%. Some of the key initiatives are An extensive green belt of 273 hectares ensures the conversion to LED lights, introduction of an the protection of bio-diversity while acting as a automatic management system to maximise usage greenhouse gas sink absorbing about 265 tonnes of natural light, automatic management system for of CO2e / year. The Passenger Terminal Building venting plants, and development of a mobility plan obtained a silver LEED rating and achieved 30-40% focusing on electric vehicles and equipment. energy and 60% potable water savings. In 2015, a 5 MWp solar power plant was commissioned providing 15-20% of the airport’s electricity demand.

RAJIV GANDHI INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / HYD

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 49 What are your future carbon management plans?

DAKAR AIRPORT (LEVEL 1): SALVADOR DE BAHIA AIRPORT (LEVEL 1): The two leading projects are a 7 MW solar plant, In 2019, the airport will install an up to 5 MW which will be the principal source of electricity solar farm, that will supply the new terminal and during daytime, and a reforestation programme connector building. at the airport surroundings with a goal of planting 3,000 plants per year.

AERODOM (LEVEL 1): ROLAND GARROS AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): The airport is in the process of implementing a number Currently, the airport group is working for of projects including a new bioclimatic terminal, a the implementation of a waste management solar plant, and energy efficiency programmes. The programme to recycle over 40% of the waste airport is planning to achieve level 3 in 2020. generated in the terminal.

FIGURE 17: ROLAND GARROS NEW BIOCLIMATIC TERMINAL

Source: AIA Life Designers

The airport made the ambitious choice to build a ventilation. The delivery of the 20,000 m2 building terminal extension project based on bioclimatic is expected in 2022 and will be the first bioclimatic design. A wind tunnel test program was conducted building of this size in a tropical climate territory. to optimise the use of local winds for natural

50 CHRISTCHURCH AIRPORT (LEVEL 2): HELSINKI AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): The airport wants to eliminate direct emissions, The airport is expanding the solar power plant and that is why it commissioned a project to replicate is planning to extend the use of renewable fuels to the ground source heat pump, allowing the all airport vehicles. Most importantly, the airport has decommissioning of diesel boilers and the signed ACI EUROPE’s net zero carbon target 2050. elimination of approximately 1,000 tCO2e per year. Christchurch will continue to implement EVs and explore clean energy solutions to provide a resilient NAPLES INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (LEVEL 3+): alternative to emergency diesel generators. In the near future we are going to switch to a tri-generation plant, continue replacing ramp PANYNJ (LEVEL 3): equipment with zero emissions models, and improve energy efficiency. Our target is to reduce

JFK Airport is building a 10 MW hybrid on-site and our CO2 emissions by approximately an additional community solar canopy at JFK airport. A new 10%. on-site rooftop solar installation at La Guardia will provide 475 mt CO2e reduction. By the end of 2020, the PANYNJ’s entire shuttle bus fleet will be all-electric, while the Port Authority is planning to electrify more than half of its fleet vehicles by 2023.

CHRISTCHURCH AIRPORT / CHC

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 51 7 OUTLOOK

As Airport Carbon Accreditation enters its 11th year of supporting an increasing number of airports in reducing their emissions, the programme management is planning to take the following actions:

Implement changes to the programme structure to ensure alignment with the Paris Agreement and other relevant international developments.

Define a mentorship programme supporting the progress of airports with less advanced carbon management.

Release a dedicated guidance document for verifiers to further strengthen and harmonise the quality of verification.

Develop an updated, detailed Question & Answer (Q&A) document to address the most common questions and guide airports towards accreditation.

SEATTLE-TACOMA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / SEA 52 SEATTLE-TACOMA INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / SEA Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 53 8 METHODOLOGY

Data collection and analysis is a key component ensuring the programme’s credibility and transparency. Airports collect and analyse data in line with the programme requirements, which are aligned with international guidelines (e.g., Greenhouse Gas Protocol, ISO). The data are verified by an independent verifier and submitted to the Administrator as part of the on-line application process. The Administrator reviews the application to ensure high data quality and consistency. Operating conditions of each airport differ significantly due to the varying activity scopes, traffic volume, geographic and climatic conditions, size, age of infrastructure and other parameters. Consequently, comparisons between individual airport carbon footprints can be misleading. Therefore, the Annual Report only discloses aggregate data. The reporting year 2018-2019 relates to the emissions reported in year 0 by airports, i.e., the most recent 12-month period defined as reference for comparison with historical emissions. This does not necessarily cover the emissions released or reductions achieved during the period May 2018-May 2019, as this data may not yet be available for reporting. Airports do endeavour to report the most up to date data available. Emissions reductions have to be demonstrated against the average historical emissions of the three years before year 0. As year 0 changes every year upon an airport’s renewal/upgrade, the three years selected for the average calculations do so as well. Consequently, airports have to show emissions reductions against the three-year-rolling average. The use of this average means that it is not possible to aggregate the total emissions reductions between reporting years, as this would lead to the double counting of some emissions reductions. Newly accredited airports may not have three years of historical data available. The programme therefore recognises that until such data is available, airports can measure reductions against either one or two years of historical data. The emissions reductions in this report are calculated for airports accredited at all levels, i.e., also level 1 airports that do not have to demonstrate reductions but that have provided data for at least one year of historical emissions. Reduction of emissions can be demonstrated either against an absolute benchmark (i.e., showing a reduction in the absolute emissions of an airport) or a relative benchmark (i.e., showing a reduction in emissions per passenger or traffic unit). The carbon performance data shown in the report relate to the location-based methodology for emissions associated with purchased electricity (scope 2), as defined by the Greenhouse Gas Protocol. Specifically, the electricity grid emissions factor is used, which includes all renewable and non-renewable sources in a country or region. Emission reductions achieved through the purchase of lower or zero carbon electricity products, reflected in market-based reporting, are not shown in this report. The carbon performance results reflect solely the carbon footprints of accredited airports, and must thus not be used to extrapolate the performance of the whole airport industry at the global or regional level. Small differences between aggregate and regional numbers in this report are due to rounding.

54 SINGAPORE CHANGI AIRPORT / SIN Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 55 MALAGA AIRPORT / AGP

9 ACCREDITATIONS LIST

EUROPE

LEVEL AIRPORT IATA CODE TYPE

1 Alicante-Elche Airport ALC Entry 1 Annecy Mont Blanc Airport NCY Renewal 1 Auxerre-Branches Airport AUF Renewal 1 Bourgas Airport BOJ Entry 1 Bourges Airport BOU Renewal 1 Brest Bretagne Airport BES Renewal 1 Bucharest Baneasa Aurel Vlaicu International Airport BBU Renewal 1 Cagliari Elmas Airport CAG Renewal 1 Castellón Airport CDT Renewal 1 Châlon Champforgeuil Airport XCD Renewal 1 Chambéry Savoie Airport Mont Blanc CMF Renewal 1 Cherbourg Maupertus Airport CER Renewal 1 Clermont-Ferrand Auvergne Airport CFE Renewal 1 Cornwall Airport Newquay NQY Entry 1 Dijon Bourgogne Airport DIJ Renewal 1 Dubrovnik Airport DBV Renewal 1 Grenoble Alpes Isère Airport GNB Renewal 1 Kaunas Airport KUN Entry 1 Kefallinia Airport - Anna Pollatou EFL Entry 1 Kristiansand Airport KRS Downgrade 1 Le Havre Octeville Airport ACI Renewal 1 Luxembourg Airport LUX Entry 1 Malta International Airport MLA Renewal 1 Menorca Airport MAH Renewal 1 Mitilini Airport - Odysseas Elytis MJT Entry 1 Monaco International Heliport MCM Entry

56 1 Nantes Atlantique Airport NTE Renewal 1 Nîmes Alès Camargue Cévennes Airport FNI Renewal 1 Palanga Airport PLQ Entry 1 Pays d'Ancenis Airport LFFI Renewal 1 Poitiers Biard Airport PIS Renewal 1 Quimper Bretagne Airport UIP Renewal 1 Reims-Champagne Airport RHE Renewal 1 Riga International Airport RIX Renewal 1 Rodos Airport - Diagoras RHO Entry 1 Saint-Nazaire Montoir Airport SNR Renewal 1 Santiago Airport SCQ Entry 1 Tarbes Lourdes Pyrénées Airport LDE Renewal 1 Thessaloniki Airport - Makedonia SKG Entry 1 Torino Airport TRN Entry 1 Toulon Hyères Airport TLN Renewal 1 Toulouse Francazal Airport LFBF Renewal 1 Tours Val de Loire Airport TUF Renewal 1 Troyes-Barberey Airport QYR Renewal 1 Vannes Golfe du Morbihan Airport VNE Renewal 1 Varna Airport VAR Entry 2 Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport MAD Renewal 2 Barcelona-El Prat Airport BCN Renewal 2 Beja Airport - Civil Terminal BYJ Renewal 2 Bologna Airport BLQ Renewal 2 Bristol Airport BRS Renewal 2 Cork Airport ORK Renewal 2 Dinard Bretagne Airport DNR Upgrade 2 Dublin Airport DUB Renewal 2 EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg Airport BSL Renewal 2 Faro Airport FAO Renewal 2 Flores Airport FLW Renewal 2 Horta Airport HOR Renewal 2 Keflavik International Airport KEF Upgrade 2 Lanzarote Airport ACE Renewal 2 Liège Airport LGG Renewal 2 Lisbon Airport LIS Renewal 2 Ljubljana Airport LJU Renewal 2 Madeira Airport FNC Renewal 2 Málaga - Costa del Sol Airport AGP Upgrade 2 Marseille Provence Airport MRS Renewal 2 Milan Bergamo Airport BGY Renewal 2 Palma de Mallorca Airport PMI Renewal 2 Ponta Delgada Airport PDL Renewal 2 Porto Airport OPO Renewal 2 Porto Santo Airport PXO Renewal 2 Rennes Bretagne Airport RNS Upgrade 2 Santa Maria Airport SMA Renewal 2 Sofia Airport SOF Renewal 2 Tel Aviv Ben Gurion International Airport TLV Renewal 2 Tirana International Airport Nënë Tereza TIA Renewal

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 57 2 Toulouse-Blagnac Airport TLS Renewal 2 Verona Airport VRN Renewal 2 Vilnius International Airport VNO Upgrade 2 Zagreb Airport ZAG Renewal 3 Bucharest Henri Coanda International Airport OTP Upgrade 3 Düsseldorf International Airport DUS Renewal 3 Enontekiö Airport ENF Upgrade 3 Frankfurt Airport FRA Renewal 3 Hamburg Airport HAM Renewal 3 Heathrow Airport LHR Renewal 3 Ivalo Airport IVL Upgrade 3 Kemi-Tornio Airport KEM Upgrade 3 Kittilä Airport KTT Upgrade 3 Kuusamo Airport KAO Upgrade 3 Larnaka International Airport LCA Upgrade 3 London City Airport LCY Renewal 3 Munich Airport MUC Renewal 3 Pafos International Airport PFO Upgrade 3 Paris - Charles de Gaulle Airport CDG Renewal 3 Paris - Le Bourget Airport LBG Renewal 3 Paris-Orly Airport ORY Renewal 3 Prague Airport PRG Renewal 3 Prishtina International Airport 'Adem Jashari' PRN Upgrade 3 Rovaniemi Airport RVN Upgrade 3 Stuttgart Airport STR Renewal 3 Vienna International Airport VIE Renewal 3 Zürich Airport ZRH Renewal 3+ Amsterdam Airport Schiphol AMS Renewal 3+ Ankara Esenboga Airport ESB Renewal 3+ Antalya International Airport AYT Renewal 3+ Åre Östersund Airport OSD Renewal 3+ Athens International Airport ATH Renewal 3+ Bergen Airport BGO Renewal 3+ Brussels Airport BRU Renewal 3+ Budapest Airport BUD Renewal 3+ Cannes-Mandelieu Airport CEQ Upgrade 3+ Copenhagen Airport CPH Upgrade 3+ East Midlands Airport EMA Renewal 3+ Eindhoven Airport EIN Renewal 3+ Farnborough Airport FAB Upgrade 3+ Genève Airport GVA Renewal 3+ Göteborg Landvetter Airport GOT Renewal 3+ Helsinki Airport HEL Renewal 3+ Izmir Adnan Menderes International Airport ADB Renewal 3+ Kiruna Airport KRN Renewal 3+ London Gatwick Airport LGW Renewal

58 3+ London Stansted Airport STN Upgrade 3+ Luleå Airport LLA Renewal 3+ Lyon Airport LYS Renewal 3+ Malmö Airport MMX Renewal 3+ Manchester Airport MAN Renewal 3+ Milan-Linate Airport LIN Renewal 3+ Milan-Malpensa Airport MXP Renewal 3+ Naples International Airport NAP Upgrade 3+ Nice Côte d'Azur Airport NCE Renewal 3+ Oslo Airport OSL Renewal 3+ Rome-Ciampino Airport CIA Renewal 3+ Rome-Fiumicino Airport FCO Renewal 3+ Ronneby Airport RNB Renewal 3+ Saint-Tropez Airport LTT Upgrade 3+ Stavanger Airport SVG Renewal 3+ Stockholm-Arlanda Airport ARN Renewal 3+ Stockholm-Bromma Airport BMA Renewal 3+ Treviso Airport TSF Renewal 3+ Trondheim Airport TRD Renewal 3+ Umeå Airport UME Renewal 3+ Venice Airport VCE Renewal 3+ Visby Airport VBY Renewal

ASIA - PACIFIC

LEVEL AIRPORT IATA CODE TYPE

1 Biju Patnaik International Airport Bhubaneswar BBI Entry 1 Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport CTU Entry 1 Haikou Meilan International Airport HAK Entry 1 Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport Varanasi VNS Entry 1 Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport Kolkata CCU Entry 1 Phnom Penh International Airport PNH Renewal 1 Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport SZX Entry 1 Siem Reap International Airport REP Renewal 1 Sihanouk International Airport KOS Renewal 1 Trivandrum International Airport TRV Entry 1 Zhengzhou Xinzheng International Airport CGO Entry 2 Beijing Capital International Airport PEK Renewal 2 Christchurch International Airport CHC Entry 2 Dubai International Airport DXB Renewal 2 Dubai World Central Airport DWC Renewal 2 Gold Coast Airport OOL Upgrade

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 59 2 Hobart International Airport HBA Upgrade 2 Kobe Airport UKB Entry 2 Longreach Airport LRE Upgrade 2 Macau International Airport MFM Renewal 2 Melbourne Airport MEL Upgrade 2 Mount Isa Airport ISA Upgrade 2 Muscat International Airport MCT Renewal 2 Nadi International Airport NAN Upgrade 2 Nouméa-La Tontouta International Airport NOU Upgrade 2 Perth Airport PER Upgrade 2 Salalah International Airport SLL Upgrade 2 Townsville Airport TSV Renewal 3 Abu Dhabi International Airport AUH Upgrade 3 Adelaide Airport ADL Renewal 3 Brisbane International Airport BNE Renewal 3 Chiang Mai International Airport CNX Renewal 3 Don Mueang International Airport DMK Renewal 3 Hamad International Airport DOH Renewal 3 Hat Yai International Airport HDY Renewal 3 Hong Kong International Airport HKG Renewal 3 Incheon International Airport ICN Renewal 3 Kansai International Airport KIX Upgrade 3 Kuala Lumpur International Airport KUL Renewal 3 Mae Fah Luang Chiang Rai International Airport CEI Renewal 3 Narita International Airport NRT Upgrade 3 Osaka International Airport ITM Upgrade 3 Parafield Airport PFD Renewal 3 Sharjah International Airport SHJ Renewal 3 Singapore Changi Airport SIN Renewal 3 Suvarnabhumi Airport BKK Renewal 3 Sydney International Airport SYD Renewal 3 Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport TPE Upgrade 3+ Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport BOM Renewal 3+ Indira Gandhi International Airport DEL Renewal 3+ Kempegowda International Airport BLR Renewal 3+ Queen Alia International Airport AMM Renewal 3+ Rajiv Gandhi International Airport HYD Renewal 3+ Sunshine Coast Airport MCY Renewal

60 NORTH AMERICA

LEVEL AIRPORT IATA CODE TYPE

1 Charlottetown Airport YYG Entry 1 Edmonton International Airport YEG Renewal 1 Kelowna International Airport YLW Entry 1 Peter O. Knight Airport TPF Entry 1 Plant City Airport PCM Entry 1 Regina International Airport YQR Entry 1 Tampa Executive Airport VDF Entry 1 Victoria International Airport YYJ Renewal 1 Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport YWG Renewal 2 Austin-Bergstrom International Airport AUS Upgrade 2 Dallas Love Field Airport DAL Upgrade 2 Detroit Metropolitan Airport DTW Renewal 2 Halifax Stanfield International Airport YHZ Renewal 2 Hillsboro Airport HIO Renewal 2 Honolulu International Airport HNL Renewal 2 Indianapolis International Airport IND Renewal 2 Minneapolis Saint Paul International Airport MSP Renewal 2 Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport PHX Renewal 2 Portland International Airport PDX Renewal 2 Portland-Troutdale Airport TTD Renewal 2 Québec City Jean Lesage International Airport YQB Renewal 2 Salt Lake City International Airport SLC Renewal 2 Tampa International Airport TPA Upgrade 2 Van Nuys Airport VNY Renewal 3 Greater Moncton Roméo Leblanc International Airport YQM Upgrade 3 JFK International Airport JFK Renewal 3 LaGuardia International Airport LGA Upgrade 3 Los Angeles International Airport LAX Renewal 3 Montréal - Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport MSP Renewal 3 Newark Liberty International Airport EWR Renewal 3 Ottawa Macdonald-Cartier International Airport YOW Upgrade 3 San Diego International Airport SAN Upgrade 3 San Francisco International Airport SFO Renewal 3 Seattle-Tacoma International Airport SEA Renewal 3 Stewart International Airport SWF Renewal 3 Teterboro Airport TEB Upgrade 3 Toronto Pearson International Airport YYZ Renewal 3 Vancouver International Airport YVR Upgrade 3+ Dallas Fort Worth International Airport DFW Renewal

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 61 LATIN AMERICA & CARIBBEAN

LEVEL AIRPORT IATA CODE TYPE

1 Arroyo Barril Airport EPS Renewal 1 Belo Horizonte International Airport CNF Entry 1 Curaçao International Airport CUR Renewal 1 Gregorio Luperón International Airport POP Renewal 1 La Isabela International Airport JBQ Renewal 1 Las Américas International Airport SDQ Renewal 1 Los Mochis International Airport LMM Entry 1 María Montez International Airport BRX Renewal 1 Pisco Airport PIO Entry 1 Saint Martin Grand Case Airport SFG Renewal 1 Salvador Bahia International Airport-Deputado Luis Eduardo SSA Entry Magalhaes 1 Samaná El Catey International Airport AZS Renewal 1 San José Juan Santamaria International Airport SJO Renewal 1 Santiago Arturo Merino Benitez International Airport SCL Renewal 1 Tijuana International Airport TIJ Renewal 2 Aguascalientes International Airport AGU Entry 2 Carrasco International Airport MVD Upgrade 2 Cibao International Airport STI Entry 2 El Dorado International Airport BOG Upgrade 2 Guayaquil International Airport - José Joaquín de Olmedo GYE Renewal 2 Puerto Vallarta International Airport PVR Renewal 3 Quito International Airport UIO Upgrade 3+ Galápagos Ecological Airport GPS Renewal

CIBAO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT / STI

62 AFRICA

LEVEL AIRPORT IATA CODE TYPE

1 Dakar Blaise Diagne International Airport DSS Entry 1 Casablanca Mohammed V International Airport CMN Renewal 1 Dzaoudzi Pamandzi International Airport DZA Renewal 1 George Airport GRJ Entry 1 King Shaka International Airport DUR Renewal 1 Marrakech Ménara Airport RAK Renewal 1 Mauritius Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Airport MRU Renewal 1 Port Elizabeth International Airport PLZ Renewal 2 Cape Town International Airport CPT Upgrade 2 Enfidha Hammamet International Airport NBE Renewal 2 La Réunion Roland Garros Airport RUN Entry 2 Libreville Léon Mba International Airport LBV Renewal 2 O.R. Tambo International Airport JNB Upgrade 3+ Félix-Houphouët-Boigny Abidjan International Airport ABJ Renewal

STUTTGART AIRPORT / STR

Airport Carbon Accreditation I Annual Report 2018-2019 63 View the latest results of Airport Carbon Accreditation: www.airportCO2.org For more information about the programme visit: www.airportcarbonaccreditation.org Follow us on:

@airportCO2 Get in touch with the Airport Carbon Accreditation Help Desk: +44 845 868 2708 [email protected]

Released on 27 November 2019, at the 13th ACI EUROPE & ASIA-PACIFIC Airport Exchange in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.