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SUMMARY of RESULTS AFROBAROMETER ROUND 5 SURVEY in ZIMBABWE Mass Public Opinion Institute (MPOI)

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SUMMARY of RESULTS AFROBAROMETER ROUND 5 SURVEY in ZIMBABWE Mass Public Opinion Institute (MPOI) SUMMARY OF RESULTS AFROBAROMETER ROUND 5 SURVEY IN ZIMBABWE Compiled by: Mass Public Opinion Institute (MPOI) 1 Survey Overview The Quality of Democracy and Governance in Zimbabwe Afrobarometer Round 5, 2012 Dates of Fieldwork: 16-30 July 2012 Sample size: 2400 Sampling frame: 2011 projected population figures based on 2002 National Census Population Figures provided by Zimbabwe Statistics Agency (ZIMSTAT) Sample universe: Citizens aged 18 years or older, excluding institutions Sample design: Nationally representative, random, clustered, stratified, multistage, probability sample design. Stratification: (i) Sub-national area (Province) and (ii) Place of residence (rural-urban) Stages: Rural Areas: Randomly select SSUs (Wards), PSUs (EAs), starting points, households and respondents. Urban Areas: Randomly select PSUs (EAs), starting points, households and respondents PSU selection: Probability Proportionate to Population Size (PPPS) Cluster size: 8 households per PSU Household selection: Randomly select start points, followed by walk pattern using 5/10 interval. Respondent selection: Gender quota filled by alternating interviews between males and females. Respondents of appropriate gender are listed, after which a household member draws a numbered card to select the respondent. Weighting: Weighted to account for individual selection probabilities. Margin of Error: +/-2% with 95% confidence level Fieldwork by: Mass Public Opinion Institute (MPOI) Survey Languages: Shona, Ndebele and English Main Researcher(s): Eldred V. Masunungure Outcome Rates: Contact rate: 96.% Cooperation rate: 77.7% Refusal rate: 10.2% Response rate: 75.1% EA Substitution Rate: 2.7% (8 EAs) 2 Afrobarometer Round 5 Survey Findings Summary of Results for Zimbabwe The Afrobarometer is a comparative series of public attitude surveys covering up to 35 African countries in Round 5 (2011-2012). Based on representative national samples, the surveys assess citizen attitudes to democracy and governance, markets, and civil society, among other topics. The first round of surveys was conducted between 1999-2001 and covered seven Southern African countries (Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe), three countries in West Africa (Ghana, Nigeria and Mali) and two in East Africa (Uganda and Tanzania). Round 2 surveys were completed by November 2003 with four new countries added: Kenya, Senegal, Cape Verde and Mozambique. Round 3 surveys were conducted from March 2005 to February 2006 in the same countries, plus Benin and Madagascar. The 4th Round of surveys covered 20 countries between 2008 and 2009, with the addition of Burkina Faso and Liberia. Between 16 and 30 July in 2012, the Afrobarometer surveyed a nationally representative, random, stratified probability sample of 2400 Zimbabweans. Face-to-face interviews were conducted by the Afrobarometer team based at the Mass Public Opinion Institute in Harare (Zimbabwe), in three languages: English, Shona and Ndebele. The Institute for Democracy in South Africa (Idasa), a Core Partner in the Afrobarometer Network, provided technical backstopping for the survey. The sample was drawn by taking the smallest geographic units, Census Enumeration Areas (EAs), and stratifying all EAs across the country into separate lists according to districts and geographical area). Three hundrend (300) EAs were then randomly selected from these lists with the probability proportionate to its size in the overall population as represented in the 2011 projected population figures. This ensured that every eligible adult had an equal and known chance of being selected. Eight households were then randomly selected within each EA, and a respondent 18 years of age or older was randomly selected from each household. A gender gender quota was filled by alternating interviews between males and females. A sample of this size is sufficient to yield an overall margin of error of +/- 2 percent at a confidence level of 95 percent. Below is an outline of the survey findings from all the questions posed to respondents. We also present the findings by some critical demographics such as gender and place of residence (urban- rural). We gratefully acknowledge the support of the UK Department for International Development (DfID), the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), the Mo Ibrahim Foundation, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) for Afrobarometer Round 5. 3 www.afrobarometer.org Contact Information: Contact Persons: Eldred V. Masunungure Executive Director Mass Public Opinion Institute 64 Denbigh Road Belvedere Harare Zimbabwe Telephone: +263-4-771358/772 100 409 E-mail: [email protected] Stephen Ndoma Principal Researcher Mass Public Opinion Institute E-mail: [email protected] Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) Contact Person: Anyway Chingwete, Afrobarometer Project Manager 357 Visagie Street/Cnr Prinsloo Pretoria South Africa Telephone: +27 (0) 12392 0500 [email protected] www.Idasa.org 4 Afrobarometer Round 5 Zimbabwe Survey Demographics Note: All figures in the following tables are percentages, rounded to whole numbers. Due to rounding, columns may not add up to exactly 100. Also note that a figure of “0” reported indicates that at least 1 response, but less than 0.5 of all responses, were in this category, whereas a dash (“-“) or blank cell indicates that there were no responses in this category. For Questions 1 through 100, weighted frequency distributions are reported. DEMOGRAPHICS Gender Weighted Unweighted Male 50.0 50.0 Female 50.0 50.0 Location Urban 32.7 33.0 Rural 67.2 67.0 Age Group 18 – 30 36.0 35.9 31 – 45 37.6 37.8 46 – 60 16.2 16.0 61+ 10.2 10.3 Region Harare 13.3 13.0 Bulawayo 7.7 7.7 Midlands 11.0 11.0 Masvingo 10.8 10.7 Mashonaland East 9.7 9.7 Mashonaland West 10.5 10.3 Mashonaland Central 10.3 10.3 Matebeleland South 7.2 7.3 Matebeleland North 8.3 8.3 Manicaland 11.2 11.3 Education Level No formal schooling 4.3 4.3 Informal schooling only 0.3 0.3 Some primary schooling 9.3 9.3 Primary school completed 15.2 15.2 Some secondary school/high school 26.9 26.8 Secondary school completed/high school 30.0 30.2 Post-secondary qualifications, not university 9.4 9.5 Some university 1.4 1.3 University completed 2.4 2.5 Post-graduate 0.7 0.8 5 Let’s begin by recording a few facts about yourself. 1. How old are you? Total Urban Rural Male Female 43 32 18-30 35 37 36 38 38 31-45 38 37 38 14 17 46-60 16 16 16 5 13 61+ 11 9 10 2. Which Zimbabwean language is your home language? Urban Rural Male Female Total English 1 0 0 1 0 SiNdebele 21 19 20 20 20 Shona 54 32 41 38 40 Zezuru 10 11 11 11 11 Korekore 2 8 5 7 6 Karanga 4 13 9 10 10 Manyika 4 4 4 4 4 Ndau 1 4 3 3 3 Venda 0 1 1 1 1 Kalanga 1 1 1 1 1 Tonga 1 3 2 2 2 Shangani 0 0 1 1 1 Nambya 0 0 0 0 0 Other 1 1 1 1 1 Let’s discuss economic conditions. 3A. In general, how would you describe: The present economic condition of this country? Urban Rural Male Female Total Very Bad 13 15 15 14 14 Fairly bad 27 28 29 27 28 Neither good nor bad 29 21 24 24 24 Fairly good 29 33 31 32 31 Very good 2 2 2 2 2 Don’t know 0 1 0 1 0 3B. In general, how would you describe: Your own present living conditions? Urban Rural Male Female Total Very Bad 9 17 15 14 14 Fairly bad 25 30 29 28 29 Neither good nor bad 33 23 26 26 26 Fairly good 30 27 27 29 28 Very good 3 3 3 2 3 6 4. In general, how do you rate your living conditions compared to those of other Zimbabweans? Urban Rural Male Female Total Much Worse 4 6 6 6 6 Worse 18 25 22 23 23 Same 31 36 35 34 34 Better 41 29 32 33 33 Much Better 5 3 4 3 3 Don't know 0 1 1 1 1 5A. Looking back, how do you rate the following compared to twelve months ago? Economic conditions in this country? Urban Rural Male Female Total Much Worse 3 4 4 3 3 Worse 22 18 19 20 20 Same 38 44 42 42 42 Better 33 30 31 31 31 Much Better 4 3 4 2 3 Don't know 0 1 0 1 1 5B. Looking back, how do you rate the following compared to twelve months ago? Your living conditions? Urban Rural Male Female Total Much Worse 2 4 4 4 4 Worse 19 19 18 19 19 Same 41 45 43 45 44 Better 33 29 30 30 30 Much Better 4 3 4 3 3 Don’t know 0 0 0 0 0 6A. Looking ahead, do you expect the following to be better or worse? Economic conditions in this country in twelve months time? Urban Rural Male Female Total Much Worse 5 5 6 5 5 Worse 17 13 14 14 14 Same 17 18 18 18 18 Better 35 38 38 36 37 Much Better 16 14 14 15 15 Don't know 10 12 10 12 11 6B. Looking ahead, do you expect the following to be better or worse? Your living conditions in twelve months time? Urban Rural Male Female Total Much Worse 5 6 6 6 6 Worse 12 12 12 13 12 Same 20 18 19 19 19 Better 37 38 38 37 38 Much Better 18 16 17 16 17 Don't know 8 9 8 9 9 7 7.
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