9Ième Section Communale De Fond-Des-Blancs Commune Aquin Plan De Développement

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9Ième Section Communale De Fond-Des-Blancs Commune Aquin Plan De Développement 9ième Section Communale de Fond-des-Blancs Commune Aquin Plan de Développement Juin 2006 Tables des matières Tables des matières ..................................................................................................................... 2 Liste des tableaux ........................................................................................................................ 4 Liste des photos ........................................................................................................................... 5 Liste des figures .......................................................................................................................... 6 I. MISE EN CONTEXTE ........................................................................................................... 7 I. MISE EN CONTEXTE ........................................................................................................... 7 I.1- Objectifs du PDSC ........................................................................................................... 7 II- METHODOLOGIE ................................................................................................................ 8 II.1- Organisation du travail .................................................................................................... 8 II.2- Limitation du travail/ Problèmes rencontrés ................................................................. 11 II.3- Perception de la population du travail réalisé ............................................................... 12 II.4- Grands axes de développement National et Départemental .......................................... 12 III. PRESENTATION GENERALE DE LA ZONE D’ETUDE .............................................. 13 III.1- Localisation et délimitation ......................................................................................... 13 II.2- Milieu biophysique ....................................................................................................... 15 II.2.1- Géologie/Sols ......................................................................................................... 16 II.3- Pluviométrie .................................................................................................................. 19 II.4- Température .................................................................................................................. 19 II.5- Ressources en eau /Réseau hydrographique ................................................................. 19 II.6- Végétation ..................................................................................................................... 20 III. MILIEU SOCIO-ECONOMIQUE ..................................................................................... 21 III.1- Population .................................................................................................................... 21 III.2- Organisation sociale ................................................................................................. 21 III.3- Tenure foncière et occupation des sols ........................................................................ 24 III.4- Sources de revenus des familles de la section ............................................................. 24 IV. POTENTIALITE ET CONTRANITES AU DEVELOPPEMENT .................................... 26 IV.1- Principales potentialités/secteurs ................................................................................. 26 IV.2- Principales contraintes/secteur .................................................................................... 27 IV.3- Interventions prioritaires à court terme ....................................................................... 31 V. LES GRANDES ORIENATIONS DE DEVELOPPEMENT ............................................. 32 V.2- Secteur éducation .......................................................................................................... 35 V.3- Secteur élevage ............................................................................................................. 36 V.4- Secteur Organisationnel ................................................................................................ 37 VII. MODALITE DE MISE EN ŒUVRE DU PDSC .............................................................. 38 VII.1- Rôle des acteurs locaux .............................................................................................. 38 VII.2- Gestion des projets d’investissement ......................................................................... 38 VII.3-Mécanisme de suivi et d’évaluation ............................................................................ 39 VII.4- Appui institutionnel .................................................................................................... 39 VII.5- Recherche de fonds .................................................................................................... 39 VII.6- Rôle des femmes ........................................................................................................ 40 VIII. FICHES D’IDENTIFICATION DES PROJETS ............................................................ 41 VIII.1- Projets économiques ................................................................................................. 41 VIII.2- Projets sociaux .......................................................................................................... 46 IX. PLAN D’ACTION .............................................................................................................. 50 X. COUT DU PDSC ................................................................................................................. 51 ANNEXES ................................................................................................................................ 52 Liste des tableaux Tableau 1: Présentation générales des principales organisation de Fonds des Blancs ............. 22 Tableau 2: Différentes sources et calendrier des revenus ......................................................... 25 Tableau 3: Présentation des principales potentialités de la section de Fond des blancs suivant les secteurs ................................................................................................................................ 26 Tableau 4: Principales contraintes exprimées par la population de Fond des Blanc, leurs causes et leurs conséquences sur la vie des habitants ........................................................................... 28 Liste des photos Photo 1: Elaboration d’un arbre à problèmes par les participants ........................................... 11 Photo 2: Le puits colonial encore utilisé par la population (Gaspa 3) ..................................... 19 Liste des figures Figure 1: Carte communautaire de la 9ième section de Fond-des-Blancs ..................................... 9 Figure 2: Localisation géographique de la 9ième section de Fond-des-Blancs . Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 3: Carte de pente de la 9ième section de Fond-des-Blancs ............. Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 4: Potentialité des sols de la 9ième section de Fond-des-Blancs (1998) .......................... 16 Figure 5: Incidence de l’érosion hydrique au niveau de la 9ième section communale de Fond- des-Blancs (1998) ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 6: Occupation des sols de la 9ième section de Fond-des-Blancs (1998) Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 7: Accès de la population du Département du Sud aux soins de santé de base ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 8: Accès de la population du Département du à l’eau potable ..... Error! Bookmark not defined. Figure 9: Accès de la population du Département du Sud à l’éducation de base .............. Error! Bookmark not defined. I. MISE EN CONTEXTE Dans le passé, les projets de développement ont été conçus sans la prise en compte des attentes des populations locales. Ces derniers ont été considérés comme des objets d’étude et non comme des acteurs. A travers le temps, cette démarche a montré ses faiblesses. Des faiblesses qui ont eu des conséquences graves sur les petits pays en voie de développement. Ces derniers ont vu les charges de la dette nettement supérieures aux services de la dette. Une analyse de ces échecs accumulés sur plusieurs décennies a poussé les chercheurs à aborder la question de développement sous un autre angle. Ils ont pu réalisé la nécessité d’intégrer les bénéficiaires directs des actions futures dans le processus d’élaboration des documents y relatifs. Car, jusqu'à preuve du contraire, les mieux placés à exprimer les besoins d’une localité restent les habitants de cette localité. Etant l’un des pays les plus pauvres de la terre et le plus pauvre de l’hémisphère, Haïti a saisi location d’emboîter le pas dans cette nouvelle approche via son Institution spécialisée dans le domaine du développement local, le FAES. Dans cette perspective, sous la supervision de la dite institution, une étude a été réalisée au niveau de la 9ième section de Fond-des-Blancs afin de mettre sur pied, aux côtés de la population locale, le plan de développement de la section. Ce plan, élaboré suivant une approche participative, traduit une représentation fidèle des contraintes qui entravent le développement de la zone et la façon/manière dont les riverains entendent les résoudre dans un souci d’améliorer leur situation. I.1- Objectifs du PDSC Général
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