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DISSERTAÇÃO Paulo Henrique Penna De Oliveira.Pdf UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE PERNAMBUCO CENTRO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM HISTÓRIA PAULO HENRIQUE PENNA DE OLIVEIRA GAMES NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA: Possibilidades para a utilização dos jogos digitais de temática histórica na Educação Básica Recife 2020 PAULO HENRIQUE PENNA DE OLIVEIRA GAMES NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA: Possibilidades para a utilização dos jogos digitais de temática histórica na educação básica Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao curso de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de História da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ensino de História. Área de concentração: Ensino de História Orientador: Prof. Dr. Lucas Victor Silva Recife 2020 Catalogação na fonte Bibliotecária Maria do Carmo de Paiva, CRB4-1291 O48g Oliveira, Paulo Henrique Penna de. Games no ensino de História : possibilidades para a utilização dos jogos digitais de temática histórica na Educação Básica / Paulo Henrique Penna de Oliveira. – 2020. 185 f. : il. ; 30 cm. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Lucas Victor Silva. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, CFCH. Programa do Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de História, Recife, 2020. Inclui referências e apêndice. 1. História – Estudo e ensino. 2. Jogos. 3. Internet. 4. Aprendizagem. 5. Ensino fundamental. I. Silva, Lucas Victor (Orientador). II. Título. 907 CDD (22. ed.) UFPE (BCFCH2021-002) PAULO HENRIQUE PENNA DE OLIVEIRA GAMES NO ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA: Possibilidades para a utilização dos jogos digitais de temática histórica na Educação Básica Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao curso de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de História da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, como requisito parcial para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ensino de História. Aprovado em: 30/10/2020 BANCA EXAMINADORA: _________________________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Lucas Victor Silva Orientador (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE) ________________________________________________________________ Profª Drª Adriana Maria Paulo da Silva Membro Titular Interno (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE) _________________________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Dilton Cândido Santos Maynard Membro Titular Interno (Mestrado Prof. em Ensino de História - UFS) ___________________________________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Sérgio Paulino Abranches Membro Titular Externo (Depto Fund. Sócio-Filosóficos da Educação - UFPE) Dedico este trabalho à Dona Ceres, minha querida avó, que já não está no mundo físico. Mas que segue viva nos corações dos que aqui ficaram. Uma das pessoas mais inteligentes que já conheci. E também a meu filho Guilherme, que logo virá para alegrar ainda mais nossas vidas! AGRADECIMENTOS O desenvolvimento do presente trabalho está marcado pela atuação de várias forças às quais gostaria de expressar aqui, os meus mais sinceros agradecimentos. Posso afirmar, com certeza, que sem toda essa ajuda, não teria sido possível realizar nem sequer metade de tudo o que conseguimos trazer para essa produção. De forma que, compartilho a autoria dessa pesquisa com todos aqueles que contribuíram para sua realização, seja com indicações de livros ou artigos, com opiniões sinceras a respeito de nossas ideias ou mesmo com aquelas pessoas que tiveram um papel de grande importância, nos dando força nos momentos em que mais era preciso. Sendo assim, agradeço imensamente: A minha esposa Cristiane, por toda a dedicação e paciência despendida durante essa jornada que se estende desde o processo seletivo para entrada no mestrado profissional em ensino de história até o momento da defesa. E também pelo fato de ser a pessoa com quem mais pude compartilhar minhas angústias e incertezas durante o processo de pesquisa e escrita deste trabalho. Te amo demais meu amor, sua participação foi de extrema importância nesse processo. Obrigado por tudo! Ao meu filho Guilherme, que mesmo ainda na barriga da mãe, no momento que estas palavras são escritas, é o meu mais importante incentivador e tem sido a fonte de minha inspiração. Nos momentos mais difíceis, ele me fazia esquecer as dificuldades do processo e me dava novo fôlego para continuar a escrever. Não existe sensação melhor do que pôr o rosto na barriga de sua mãe e sentir teus movimentos lá dentro. Lembro-me do quanto tens sido forte, e de tudo o que teve que superar para crescer saudável, apesar das dificuldades encontradas na gestação. Essa força eu aprendi contigo, meu filho. E é com ela que encaro o que vier pela frente. A meus pais, que apesar de todas as dificuldades encontradas por eles, conseguiram me ensinar o caminho dos estudos, e a não desistir jamais de meus sonhos. Obrigado por serem esses pais amorosos os quais me ensinaram a trilhar o caminho do bem. Esse trabalho também é de vocês! Especialmente a você, meu pai, que nesse último ano enfrentou uma batalha épica e precisou enfrentar seus maiores medos, para poder superá-la. Como eu não poderia inspirar-me em tal coragem? Ao meu orientador Lucas Victor Silva, pela parceria e amizade, na construção desse trabalho e na vida. Com certeza a caminhada, apesar de árdua, foi muito gratificante e pude aprender bastante. Admiro muito a forma como você conduziu este trabalho, pois soube ser justo e ao mesmo tempo sensível e minucioso, na medida certa. Nem todos conseguem equacionar esses fatores com tanta leveza, mas você o fez com maestria. Não podia ter escolhido um companheiro melhor para esse processo. Desejo muito que essa parceria continue após a defesa. A você, o meu muitíssimo obrigado! Aos amigos e amigas do Profhistória que viraram quase uma segunda família e com quem podemos sempre trocar ideias bastante fecundas, mesmo não podendo estar presencialmente juntos. Vocês são os responsáveis por tornar as cansativas jornadas do trabalho-universidade-casa, algo bastante prazeroso. De forma que encarar o ambiente acadêmico, mesmo consumido pelo cansaço físico e mental, não era uma tarefa tão árdua quanto muitos possam imaginar. Devo isso a vocês. Ao professor Paulo Alexandre, que abriu as portas de sua sala de aula, para que pudéssemos conhecer um pouco mais do processo de utilização dos games no ensino de história. Professor, você foi inspiração para a realização deste trabalho. Muito obrigado! A professora Adriana Paulo e ao Professor Sérgio Abranches, pelas contribuições bastante relevantes durante o processo de qualificação e que influenciaram enormemente o resultado final de nossos esforços. Muito do que apresentamos aqui, tinham ideias diferentes que foram melhoradas graças a suas indicações. Por fim, gostaria de agradecer a meus alunos e alunas, não só pela participação nas enquetes e pelas indicações de games, mas também por toda a motivação e apoio que recebi dos mesmos. Esse trabalho é pensado em cada um de vocês, e espero que esteja à altura das expectativas. A todos e todas, muito obrigado! RESUMO A presente dissertação tem por objetivo refletir sobre a inserção dos games ou jogos digitais nas práticas pedagógicas pertinentes ao ensino de história para os anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Entendendo tratar-se de uma temática que, apesar das numerosas produções a respeito, ainda constitui-se enquanto campo de pesquisa bastante recente, buscamos de início, realizar um estudo do estado do conhecimento sobre o uso de games no ensino de História. A partir disso, também realizamos uma discussão teórica a respeito dos jogos digitais, abordando aspectos como sua conceituação, tipologia, classificação e história. Também realizamos uma discussão acerca do conceito de virtualização e sua relação com a cibercultura, além de levar em consideração suas possibilidades educativas no âmbito da história escolar. As reflexões teórico-metodológicas subsidiaram a produção de um aplicativo chamado "História com games" cujo objetivo é apontar a docentes, possibilidades de uso do recurso nas aulas de História, além de também indicar produções acadêmicas e literárias para pesquisadores que tenham interesse na relação entre os jogos digitais e a prática docente. Palavras chave: Ensino de história. Games. Jogos digitais. Aprendizagem. Ensino Fundamental. ABSTRACT This dissertation aims to reflect on the insertion of digital games or games in the pedagogical practices relevant to the teaching of history for the final years of Elementary School. Understanding that this is a theme that, despite the numerous productions on the subject, is still a very recent field of research, we initially sought to carry out a study of the state of knowledge about the use of games in the teaching of history. From this, we also held a theoretical discussion about digital games, addressing aspects such as their conceptualization, typology, classification and history. We also held a discussion about the concept of virtualization and its relationship to cyberculture, in addition to taking into account its educational possibilities in the context of school history. Theoretical-methodological reflections subsidized the production of an application called "History with games" whose objective is to point out to teachers, possibilities of using the resource in History classes, in addition to also indicating academic and literary productions for researchers interested in the relationship between digital games and teaching practice. Keywords: History teaching. Games. Digital games. Learning. Elementary Education. LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Gráfico 1 - Nível de Escolarização.................................................................................................79
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