Terrestrial Isopods from the Hawaiian Islands (Isopoda: Oniscidea)1
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"Philosciidae" (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea)
Org. Divers. Evol. 1, Electr. Suppl. 4: 1 -85 (2001) © Gesellschaft für Biologische Systematik http://www.senckenberg.uni-frankfurt.de/odes/01-04.htm Phylogeny and Biogeography of South American Crinocheta, traditionally placed in the family "Philosciidae" (Crustacea: Isopoda: Oniscidea) Andreas Leistikow1 Universität Bielefeld, Abteilung für Zoomorphologie und Systematik Received 15 February 2000 . Accepted 9 August 2000. Abstract South America is diverse in climatic and thus vegetational zonation, and even the uniformly looking tropical rain forests are a mosaic of different habitats depending on the soils, the regional climate and also the geological history. An important part of the nutrient webs of the rain forests is formed by the terrestrial Isopoda, or Oniscidea, the only truly terrestrial taxon within the Crustacea. They are important, because they participate in soil formation by breaking up leaf litter when foraging on the fungi and bacteria growing on them. After a century of research on this interesting taxon, a revision of the terrestrial isopod taxa from South America and some of the Antillean Islands, which are traditionally placed in the family Philosciidae, was performed in the last years to establish monophyletic genera. Within this study, the phylogenetic relationships of these genera are elucidated in the light of phylogenetic systematics. Several new taxa are recognized, which are partially neotropical, partially also found on other continents, particularly the old Gondwanian fragments. The monophyla are checked for their distributional patterns which are compared with those patterns from other taxa from South America and some correspondence was found. The distributional patterns are analysed with respect to the evolution of the Oniscidea and also with respect to the geological history of their habitats. -
Crater Rim Historic District Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
National Park Service Cultural Landscape Inventory 2006 Crater Rim Historic District Hawaii Volcanoes National Park Table of Contents Executive Summary...................................................................................................................................... 1 Park Information ........................................................................................................................................... 3 Property Level and CLI Number .................................................................................................................. 3 Completion Status......................................................................................................................................... 3 Landscape Description.................................................................................................................................. 4 CLI Hierarchy Description ........................................................................................................................... 5 Location Map................................................................................................................................................ 5 Boundary Description ................................................................................................................................... 6 Regional Context .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Site Plans...................................................................................................................................................... -
Woodlice in Britain and Ireland: Distribution and Habitat Is out of Date Very Quickly, and That They Will Soon Be Writing the Second Edition
• • • • • • I att,AZ /• •• 21 - • '11 n4I3 - • v., -hi / NT I- r Arty 1 4' I, • • I • A • • • Printed in Great Britain by Lavenham Press NERC Copyright 1985 Published in 1985 by Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Administrative Headquarters Monks Wood Experimental Station Abbots Ripton HUNTINGDON PE17 2LS ISBN 0 904282 85 6 COVER ILLUSTRATIONS Top left: Armadillidium depressum Top right: Philoscia muscorum Bottom left: Androniscus dentiger Bottom right: Porcellio scaber (2 colour forms) The photographs are reproduced by kind permission of R E Jones/Frank Lane The Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) was established in 1973, from the former Nature Conservancy's research stations and staff, joined later by the Institute of Tree Biology and the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa. ITE contributes to, and draws upon, the collective knowledge of the 13 sister institutes which make up the Natural Environment Research Council, spanning all the environmental sciences. The Institute studies the factors determining the structure, composition and processes of land and freshwater systems, and of individual plant and animal species. It is developing a sounder scientific basis for predicting and modelling environmental trends arising from natural or man- made change. The results of this research are available to those responsible for the protection, management and wise use of our natural resources. One quarter of ITE's work is research commissioned by customers, such as the Department of Environment, the European Economic Community, the Nature Conservancy Council and the Overseas Development Administration. The remainder is fundamental research supported by NERC. ITE's expertise is widely used by international organizations in overseas projects and programmes of research. -
The Habitats Humans Provide: Factors Affecting the Diversity And
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN The Habitats Humans Provide: Factors afecting the diversity and composition of arthropods in Received: 5 June 2017 Accepted: 30 October 2017 houses Published: xx xx xxxx Misha Leong 1, Matthew A. Bertone2, Amy M. Savage3, Keith M. Bayless1,2, Robert R. Dunn4,5 & Michelle D. Trautwein1 The indoor biome is a novel habitat which recent studies have shown exhibit not only high microbial diversity, but also high arthropod diversity. Here, we analyze fndings from a survey of 50 houses (southeastern USA) within the context of additional survey data concerning house and room features, along with resident behavior, to explore how arthropod diversity and community composition are infuenced by physical aspects of rooms and their usage, as well as the lifestyles of human residents. We found that indoor arthropod diversity is strongly infuenced by access to the outdoors and carpeted rooms hosted more types of arthropods than non-carpeted rooms. Arthropod communities were similar across most room types, but basements exhibited more unique community compositions. Resident behavior such as house tidiness, pesticide usage, and pet ownership showed no signifcant infuence on arthropod community composition. Arthropod communities across all rooms in houses exhibit trophic structure—with both generalized predators and scavengers included in the most frequently found groups. These fndings suggest that indoor arthropods serve as a connection to the outdoors, and that there is still much yet to be discovered about their impact on indoor health and the unique ecological dynamics within our homes. Houses provide an enormous amount of habitat on a global scale1. Humans spend 90% of their time indoors2, providing ample opportunity for this environment and its species to afect mental3 and physical well-being4. -
Volcano House Register Volume 2
Haw VolcanoesNa al Park National Service Park The Volcano House Register, Volume 2 1873-1885 In this volume, on almost every page, there are entries in which a writer merely gives his name, date, times of arrival and departure, and destination. In the other volumes, whenever this occurs, I mention that I omitted such an entry, and give the page number. But because there are so many such entries in this particular volume, it would become tedious both for the transcriber to record and the reader to read every case of such omission; so I am doing it once only, here at the beginning of the document. On the page facing page 1, there is a rough table of contents, listing the page numbers of various maps and signatures of Kalakaua, Louis Pasteur, etc. In addition, there is a poem: Index Some good Some mediocre And much rotten For the Lord's sake Don't write unless You have somethingHawai'i Volcanoes Park To say & can say it. National Park Ser no signature and no date Between 11 and 12 last night Mokuaweoweo started action again. The wind has been from the southward, and the whole day a dense body of smoke has been passing over Kilauea and across Puna, off to sea. Evidently a much greater portion of the crater is in action than in the eruption of August last. Had a heavy thunder shower about dusk with hail and this evening there is considerable lightning. Weather hazy and top of mountain seldom visible. Kilauea quite active but no lava flowing. -
Incipient Non-Adaptive Radiation by Founder Effect? Oliarus Polyphemus Fennah, 1973 – a Subterranean Model Case
Incipient non-adaptive radiation by founder effect? Oliarus polyphemus Fennah, 1973 – a subterranean model case. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) im Fach Biologie eingereicht an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin von Diplom-Biologe Andreas Wessel geb. 30.11.1973 in Berlin Präsident der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Prof. Dr. Christoph Markschies Dekan der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I Prof. Dr. Lutz-Helmut Schön Gutachter/innen: 1. Prof. Dr. Hannelore Hoch 2. Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Günter Tembrock 3. Prof. Dr. Kenneth Y. Kaneshiro Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 20. Februar 2009 Incipient non-adaptive radiation by founder effect? Oliarus polyphemus Fennah, 1973 – a subterranean model case. (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) Doctoral Thesis by Andreas Wessel Humboldt University Berlin 2008 Dedicated to Francis G. Howarth, godfather of Hawai'ian cave ecosystems, and to the late Hampton L. Carson, who inspired modern population thinking. Ua mau ke ea o ka aina i ka pono. Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, den Populationskomplex der hawai’ischen Höhlenzikade Oliarus polyphemus als Modellsystem für das Stu- dium schneller Artenbildungsprozesse zu erschließen. Dazu wurde ein theoretischer Rahmen aus Konzepten und daraus abgeleiteten Hypothesen zur Interpretation be- kannter Fakten und Erhebung neuer Daten entwickelt. Im Laufe der Studie wurde zur Erfassung geografischer Muster ein GIS (Geographical Information System) erstellt, das durch Einbeziehung der historischen Geologie eine präzise zeitliche Einordnung von Prozessen der Habitatsukzession erlaubt. Die Muster der biologi- schen Differenzierung der Populationen wurden durch morphometrische, etho- metrische (bioakustische) und molekulargenetische Methoden erfasst. -
Hawaii National Park
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR HUBERT WORK, SECRETARY NATIONAL PARK SERVICE STEPHEN T. MATHER, DIRECTOR RULES AND REGULATIONS HAWAII NATIONAL PARK Photo © Tal Sing Loo GREAT SMOKING PIT OF KILAUEA VOLCANO AS IT APPEARS AT THE PRESENT TIME OPEN ALL THE YEAR U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1827 Photo © Tai Sinj; Loo DUST CLOUD, KILAUEA VOLCANO, DURING 1924 ACTIVITY Photograph by Baker THE "DEVIL'S THROAT," A VOLCANIC CHASM ON THE COCKETT TRAIL C O 1\T T E 1\T T S Page General description 1 Luxuriant tropical foliage 1 Kilauoa section 1 Common trees and shrubs 2 Bird Park 4 Volcano Observatory and Museum 4 Roads and trails 5 Mauna I.oa section 5 Kilauea-Mauna Loa trip 8 Ilaleakala section G Rase silversword plant T Summit rest house 7 Administration 7 Accommodations for visitors 7 Volcano House 7 Army and Navy recreation camps 10 Free public automobile camp 10 How to reach the park 10 A tropical gateway 10 Overnight voyage to the park 10 Transportation 11 Trip to Haleakala section 11 General information 11 Outdoor life in Hawaiian Islands 12 Rules and regulations 13 Literature 16 Authorized rates for public utilities, season of 1027 17 ILLUSTRATIONS COVER Great smoking pit of Kilauea Volcano as it appears at the present time Front. Dust cloud, Kilauea Volcano, during 1021 activity Inside front. The "Devil's Throat." a volcanic chasm on Cockett Trail Inside front. Fern Tree Drive to Kilauea Volcano Inside hack. The great crater of Ilaleakala Inside hack. City of Hilo and snow-capped Mauna Kea Back. -
Halona2021r.Pdf
Terrestrial Arthropod Survey of Hālona Valley, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Naval Magazine Lualualei Annex, August 2020–November 2020 Neal L. Evenhuis, Keith T. Arakaki, Clyde T. Imada Hawaii Biological Survey Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817, USA Final Report prepared for the U.S. Navy Contribution No. 2021-003 to the Hawaii Biological Survey EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Bishop Museum was contracted by the U.S. Navy to conduct surveys of terrestrial arthropods in Hālona Valley, Naval Magazine Lualualei Annex, in order to assess the status of populations of three groups of insects, including species at risk in those groups: picture-winged Drosophila (Diptera; flies), Hylaeus spp. (Hymenoptera; bees), and Rhyncogonus welchii (Coleoptera; weevils). The first complete survey of Lualualei for terrestrial arthropods was made by Bishop Museum in 1997. Since then, the Bishop Museum has conducted surveys in Hālona Valley in 2015, 2016–2017, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020. The current survey was conducted from August 2020 through November 2020, comprising a total of 12 trips; using yellow water pan traps, pitfall traps, hand collecting, aerial net collecting, observations, vegetation beating, and a Malaise trap. The area chosen for study was a Sapindus oahuensis grove on a southeastern slope of mid-Hālona Valley. The area had potential for all three groups of arthropods to be present, especially the Rhyncogonus weevil, which has previously been found in association with Sapindus trees. Trapped and collected insects were taken back to the Bishop Museum for sorting, identification, data entry, and storage and preservation. The results of the surveys proved negative for any of the target groups. -
Notes on Terrestrial Isopoda Collected in Dutch Greenhouses
NOTES ON TERRESTRIAL ISOPODA COLLECTED IN DUTCH GREENHOUSES by L. B. HOLTHUIS On the initiative of Dr. A. D. J. Meeuse investigations were made on the fauna of the greenhouses of several Botanic Gardens in the Netherlands; material was also collected in greenhouses of other institutions and in those kept for commercial purposes. The isopods contained in the col• lection afforded many interesting species, so for instance six of the species are new for the Dutch fauna, viz., Trichoniscus pygmaeus Sars, Hylonis- cus riparius (Koch), Cordioniscus stebbingi (Patience), Chaetophiloscia balssi Verhoeff, Trichorhina monocellata Meinertz and Nagara cristata (Dollfus). Before the systematic review of the species a list of the localities from which material was obtained is given here with enumeration of the collected species. 1. Greenhouses of the Botanic Gardens, Amsterdam; October 24, 1942; leg. A. D. J. Meeuse (Cordioniscus stebbingi, Chaetophiloscia balssi, Por- cellio scaber, Nagara cristata, Armadillidium vulgare). 2. Greenhouses of the "Laboratorium voor Bloembollenonderzoek,, (Laboratory for Bulb Research), Lisse; June 13, 1943; leg. A. D. J. Meeuse (Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber, Porcellionides pruinosus, Ar• madillidium vulgare, Armadillidium nasutum). 3. Greenhouses of the Botanic Gardens, Leiden; May, 1924-November, 1942. leg. H. C. Blote, L. B. Holthuis, F. P. Koumans, A. D. J. Meeuse, A. L. J. Sunier and W. Vervoort (Androniscus dentiger, Cordioniscus stebbingi, Haplophthalmus danicus, Oniscus asellus, Porcellio scaber, For- cellionides pruinosus, Armadillidium vulgare, Armadillidium nasutum), 4. Greenhouses of the Zoological Gardens, The Hague; November 4, 1942; leg. A. D. J. Meeuse (Cordioniscus stebbingi, Oniscus asellus, Por• cellio dilatatus). 5. Greenhouse for grape culture, Loosduinen, near The Hague; October 30, 1942; leg. -
Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park News Release
National Park Service Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park U.S. Department of the Interior P.O. Box 52 Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 www.nps.gov/havo Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park News Release Release Date: May 7, 2018 Contact: Jessica Ferracane/Public Affairs Specialist, [email protected] , 808-985-6018 Update on Hours and Services at Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park Hawaii National Park, Hawai‘i – Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park on Monday announced that new operating hours for visitation will be 7 a.m. to 10 p.m. daily until further notice. In addition, Kīlauea Visitor Center (KVC) has resumed normal operating hours, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m., and Jaggar Museum has resumed normal operating hours from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m. The Hawai‘i Pacific Parks Association stores within each facility have also resumed normal operations. Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park partially reopened Sunday with limited services after a jarring 6.9-magnitude earthquake prompted a two-day closure and evacuation of park visitors and staff last Friday. Much of the park remains closed. In addition to KVC and Jaggar Museum, the following areas are also open: • The outdoor overlook at Jaggar Museum • Sulphur Banks Trail • Steam Vents parking lot • Crater Rim Trail from Kīlauea Overlook to Jaggar Museum only • The Entrance Station to Mauna Ulu parking lot • Mauna Ulu to Pu‘uhuluhulu (Nāpau Trail is closed past Pu‘uhuluhulu) • Mauna Loa Road from Highway 11 to the Mauna Loa Lookout and Kīpukapuaulu • Kahuku will resume its regular Friday through Sunday schedule, 9 a.m. -
Isopod Distribution and Climate Change 25 Doi: 10.3897/Zookeys.801.23533 REVIEW ARTICLE Launched to Accelerate Biodiversity Research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 801: 25–61 (2018) Isopod distribution and climate change 25 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.801.23533 REVIEW ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Isopod distribution and climate change Spyros Sfenthourakis1, Elisabeth Hornung2 1 Department of Biological Sciences, University Campus, University of Cyprus, Panepistimiou Ave. 1, 2109 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus 2 Department of Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1077 Budapest, Rot- tenbiller str. 50, Hungary Corresponding author: Spyros Sfenthourakis ([email protected]) Academic editor: S. Taiti | Received 10 January 2018 | Accepted 9 May 2018 | Published 3 December 2018 http://zoobank.org/0555FB61-B849-48C3-A06A-29A94D6A141F Citation: Sfenthourakis S, Hornung E (2018) Isopod distribution and climate change. In: Hornung E, Taiti S, Szlavecz K (Eds) Isopods in a Changing World. ZooKeys 801: 25–61. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.801.23533 Abstract The unique properties of terrestrial isopods regarding responses to limiting factors such as drought and temperature have led to interesting distributional patterns along climatic and other environmental gradi- ents at both species and community level. This paper will focus on the exploration of isopod distributions in evaluating climate change effects on biodiversity at different scales, geographical regions, and environ- ments, in view of isopods’ tolerances to environmental factors, mostly humidity and temperature. Isopod distribution is tightly connected to available habitats and habitat features at a fine spatial scale, even though different species may exhibit a variety of responses to environmental heterogeneity, reflecting the large interspecific variation within the group. Furthermore, isopod distributions show some notable deviations from common global patterns, mainly as a result of their ecological features and evolutionary origins. -
Hawelu: Birdcatcher, Innkeeper, Farmer Anita Manning the Lives Of
Hawelu: Birdcatcher, Innkeeper, Farmer Anita Manning The lives of Hawaii's ruling class have been well documented but the lives of craftsmen and commoners are almost unknown. When con- ceptualizing the craftsman or commoner our stereotype is drawn from the popular image of Hawaiians during the 19th Century as "a race feebly struggling to save itself from inundation by the over whelming [sic] environment of imported circumstances. ."1 The life of Hawelu, a birdcatcher-businessman, stands in direct opposition to that popular image. He not only refused to be overwhelmed by "imported circums- tances," he succeeded in using those circumstances to make a living. Bird catching for the King declined, but scientists and tourists became new customers. Hawaiians needing shelter on their way to Pele's shrine at Kilauea Caldera gave way to Americans and Europeans visiting God's magnificent work. Where others saw loss of the familiar, Hawelu saw a new demand and catered to it. Whether referred to as Hawelu, S. Hawelu, Ilihonua Hawelu, or S. Ilihonua, little of Hawelu's life before i860 was recorded by the kingdom's budding bureaucracy. Marriage and tax records indicate that he was born in 1834, just a few years after King Kamehameha III had reached his majority. While Hawelu became literate in the Hawaiian language, he learned very little English. As a young man of 20, he married Lipeka (Liberta) at 'Ola'a, on the island of Hawai'i, on March 23, 1854.2 Skills for a career as a birdcatcher would have been acquired in early youth, perhaps in apprenticeship.