Focus on the allotments in Latvia
During the 4th meeting of the Cost project: „Urban Allotments in European cities“ the Office representatives and researchers could visit the allotments in Riga and Cĕsis. They got information on the history and the actual problems of these allotments.
Experiences could be exchanged. The participants realized that besides the local particularities the allotment gardeners all over Europe share the same pleasures and the same worries.
Discover the allotments in Latvia and in Riga by a PDF presentation joined as appendix.
CHANGING TRENDS DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN ALLOTMENT GARDENS IN LATVIA
Lauma Līdaka Architect Riga City Council City Development Department
RIGA ALLOTMENT GARDENS INSIGHT INSITUATION INLATVIA
LATVIA PEOPLE
[…] Savas attīstības augstāko pakāpi lielrūpniecība Year City Countryside mūsu zemē sasniedza 1908.-14.gados.* 1800 7,3 92,7 1863 14,8 85,2 1897 29,4 70,6 1914 40,3 59,7 1920 23,6 76,4
1925 32,8 67,2 1930 34,9 65,1 1935 34,6 65,4
* „Latvijas statistikas atlass” /M.Skujenieks, Rīga 1938/ REASONS ‘’ In year 1907 when erection of allotment gardens
were started in Riga probably no one – not the city council and also not those who use gardens could imagine that such a type of land use that deals with quite arin land on outskirts of the city already soon will have the popularity that it has today ‘’
/A.KAPAKLIS „Ģimenes dārziņu iekārta un kopšana”/ BEGINNING 1907: beginning – need for food 1907 – 1914: healty lifestyle – leisure activity, moral education,healthy food
TRENDS 1907: beginning – need for food 1907 – 1914: healty lifestyle – leisure activity, moral education,healthy food 1914-1918: IWW – need for food
1940-1944: IIWW – need for food
TRENDS 1907: beginning – need for food 1907 – 1914: healty lifestyle – leisure activity, moral education,healthy food 1914-1918: IWW – need for food
1918 – 1939: – first independence and «ulmanlaiki» – a part of propoganda
1940-1944: IIWW – need for food
TRENDS 1907: beginning – need for food 1907 – 1914: healty lifestyle – leisure activity, moral education,healthy food 1914-1918: IWW – need for food
1918 – 1939: – first independence and «ulmanlaiki» – a part of propoganda
1940-1944: IIWW – need for food
1945- 1990: Soviet occupation – food, recreation, only way how to acquire feeling of «private» property, TRENDS 1907: beginning – need for food 1907 – 1914: healty lifestyle – leisure activity, moral education,healthy food 1914-1918: IWW – need for food
1918 – 1939: – first independence and «ulmanlaiki» – a part of propoganda
1940-1944: IIWW – need for food
1945- 1990: Soviet occupation – food, recreation, only way how to acquire feeling of «private» property,
1990 – present: recreation and food TRENDS TODAY.. LIEPĀJA VENTSPILS
KULDĪGA
SALDUS
TALSI
DOBELE JŪRMALA
JELGAVA
RĪGA
OLAINE
SALASPILS OGRE SIGULDA
CĒSIS
VALMIERA
JĒKABPILS
DAUGAVPILS
RĒZEKNE
ALLOTMENT GARDEN IN LATVIA:
Each plot size 100-600 m2
Owned by municipality or state
Rented for individuals or associations WHAT IS IT? WHAT TERRITORY 0,00% 1,00% 2,00% 3,00% 4,00% 5,00% 6,00% 7,00% GARDEN TERRITORIES COVERIN PROPORTION OF LAND THAT LAND OF PROPORTION CITY
TENDENCY STABLE SHRINKING ‘INTEREST ALLOTMENTIN GARDENS: GROWING
PLANS N/A SHRINK ‘PLANNING TO: EXTEND
PROBLEMS • • • • • NOT PEOPLEPAYCAN RENT THE LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE DEGRADED LOOKDEGRADED VANDALISM BURGLARIES
RIGA ALLOTMENT GARDENS EXAMPLE OF RIGA EXAMPLE
CITYRIGA CASE
Saint Petersburg
Stockholm
Riga
Oslo
Helsinki
Copenhagen
Vilnius
Tallinn
water industry
streets 304 km2
residential parks & forests 36% STRUCTURE HISTORY ATTITUDE GEORGE ARMITSTED GEORGE KUPHALDT
ATTITUDE DEMAND 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 0
1897 1907 1908 1909 1910
1911 Number of gardens in Riga (1907 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 -
1927 1939) 1928 1929
1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 ADVERTISE IMAGE STATYSTICS Author: J.Duboks Author: STATYSTICS STATYSTICS Author: J.Duboks Author: STATYSTICS Author: J.Duboks Author: SOCIETY
RIGA DEVELOPMENT PLAN 1995.-2005. PLANS PLANS 2006.- DEVELOPMENTRIGA PLAN 6 Long 3 Medium Short 1
to to year
9 5
lease
2018. lease year year lease
lease term lease lease term term
allotment
allotment
allotment
sites
sites
sites : :
:
2011
2002
2010
2011 PLANS
Will be sold this year PLANS PLANS RESISTANCE IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE IMAGE MAIN PROBLEMS
. Due to spatial marginalization of allotment sites allotments are
becoming less accessible . Short lease terms (in 2011 53 % of allotment plots were available only for 1 year lease) . No support from city for infrastructure . Absence of allotment rules and building regulations . Insufficient administrational governance . Insecure social environment (homeless people) . Low aesthetic value is typical to some allotments (mainly short term lease areas)
CONFLICTS NO INTEREST IN RENTING
DEGRADED , UNSAFE ENVIRONMENT EMPTY PLOTS
MUNICIPALITY IS NOT HOMELESS INTERESTED IN PEOPLE MANAGING HALF EMPTY TERRITORIES
MORE EMPTY PLOTS SHORT TERM LEASE
GARDENERS ARE NOT WILLING TO INVEST AND LEAVE OR USE POOR MATERIAL CONFLICTS OPPORTUNITIES EVERY ONE ABOUT AIR SPACE FOR AND HOWAND QUALITY? GREEN GREEN
?
90%
10%
CLEAN THE WHO WILL WILL WHO SPACES?
OPPORTUNITIES GREEN STRUCTURE PLAN 2030 UNTIL RIGA SUSTAINABILITYSTRATEGY
WIND OF CHANGES? THANK YOU!