Gene-Based Vaccines (GBV)
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 170 (2021) 113–141 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/addr Advances in gene-based vaccine platforms to address the COVID-19 pandemic Deborah Pushparajah a,1, Salma Jimenez a,c,1,ShirleyWonga,HibahAlattasa, Nafiseh Nafissi b, Roderick A. Slavcev a,b,c,⁎ a School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, 10A Victoria St S, Kitchener N2G 1C5, Canada b Mediphage Bioceuticals, 661 University Avenue, Suite 1300, Toronto, ON, M5G 0B7, Canada c Theraphage, 151 Charles St W Suite # 199, Kitchener, ON, N2G 1H6, Canada article info abstract Article history: The novel betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), has spread across Received 1 October 2020 the globe at an unprecedented rate since its first emergence in Wuhan City, China in December 2019. Scientific Received in revised form 23 December 2020 communities around the world have been rigorously working to develop a potent vaccine to combat COVID-19 Accepted 1 January 2021 (coronavirus disease 2019), employing conventional and novel vaccine strategies. Gene-based vaccine platforms Available online 7 January 2021 based on viral vectors, DNA, and RNA, have shown promising results encompassing both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in previous studies, supporting their implementation for COVID-19 vaccine de- Keywords: Coronavirus velopment. In fact, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently authorized the emergency use of two COVID-19 RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. We review current gene-based vaccine candidates proceeding through clinical SARS-CoV-2 trials, including their antigenic targets, delivery vehicles, and route of administration.
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