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IL Libro Del Museo by Enrico Bonino and Carlo Kier Is a Pleasant Treat Trilobite_book_Copertina_Hi_res2.pdf 1 11/09/2009 18:24:55 Mu seu With regard to human interest in fossils, trilobites may rank second only to dinosaurs. Having studied trilobites most of my life, to m ck th a e Trilobiti – IL libro del Museo by Enrico Bonino and Carlo Kier is a pleasant treat. I am captivated by the abundant color images B P ● a of more than 500 diverse species of trilobites, mostly from the authors’ own collections. A s t Z Specimens amply represent famous trilobite localities around the world and typify forms from most of the 250-million-year U L ● history of trilobites. Numerous specimens are masterpieces of modern professional preparation. I eagerly await a promised TRILOBITI S e l n e s t English edition. Carlo Kier a o tori H Richard A. Robison Bonino Enrico Professor Emeritus University of Kansas IL libro del Museo L’idea di colmare una lacuna italiana di un libro scritto in lingua patria sui trilobiti non può che trovare il mio più incoraggiante appoggio. Alla base di tutto questo sta non solo la reciproca stima, ma una vera passione per gli argomenti trattati. Se a questo si aggiunge una buona competenza informatica di elaborazione dati ed un buon gusto estetico non può che nascere un buon libro che spicca rispetto a tanti per la dovizia di belle immagini corroborate da una scelta puntuale ed esplicativa al massimo dell’eccellenza. Prof. Maurizio Gnoli Titolare del corso di “Paleontologia” e “Paleontologia dei Vertebrati” Università degli Studi di Modena-Reggio Emilia. C M Y CM MY CY CMY Enrico Bonino nato in provincia di Bergamo nel 1966, Enrico si è laureato in Geologia presso il Dipartimento di K Scienze della Terra dell'Università di Genova. Attualmente risiede in Belgio dove svolge attività come specialista nel settore cartografico utilizzando tecniche di trattamento di immagini satellitari e GIS. Le competenze acquisite nel settore del digital image processing, una buona dote artistica e la conoscenza di software di desktop publishing, hanno permesso di poter gestire l'organizzazione grafica nel museo BackToThePast di Cancun e parallelamente di creare decine IL libro del Museo di poster illustrativi relativi alle collezioni esposte. Oltre alla passione per questa classe di artro- podi, i suoi interessi sono orientati alle forme di vita vissute nel Precambriano. Carlo Kier nato a Milano nel 1961, si è laureato in Legge ed è attualmente presidente della catena Enrico Bonino di alberghi Azul Hotel a Cancun in Messico dove risiede, e dove si dedica ad attività legate all'ambiente marino. All'età di 16 anni, ha iniziato una lunga collaborazione con il Carlo Kier Museo di Storia Naturale di Milano, e dal 1970 prese inizio la vera passione per i trilobiti, con la collaborazione di Jake Skabelund e Dave Comfort dando avvio a quella che oggi è diventata una delle collezioni più importanti al mondo. La sua instancabile attività di ricerca sul terreno in varie parti del globo, e la collaborazione con professionisti del settore, ha permesso la descrizione di nuove specie di trilobiti ed artropodi. Una forte determinazione e la costruzione di un nuovo complesso alberghiero (AZUL Sensatori) hanno infine concretizzato la realizzazione di un sogno... il primo museo esclusivamente dedicato ai trilobiti del mondo, il museo BackToThePast. TRILOBITI - TRILOBITI TRILOBITI IL Libro del Museo Enrico Bonino Carlo Kier seum Mu o the t P k a c s a t B ● ● A l Z e U t L o Se i H nsator Copyright © 2009 Back To The Past Museum [Azul Sensatori Hotel] Carretera Cancun - Puerto Morelos Km 27.5 Bahia Petempich, Puerto Morelos Quintana Roo, Mexico, 77580 http://www.backtothepast.com.mx Email: [email protected] TRILOBITI - IL libro del Museo / Enrico Bonino & Carlo Kier Include riferimenti bibliografici ed indice generale e cronologico. Il presente volume, il poster allegato Systematic relationship and Chronological extent of the nine Trilobite or- ders (Bonino E., 2009) ed i poster tematici esposti nel museo Back To The Past sono disponibili direttamente su richiesta agli autori o attraverso il sito http://www.backtothepast.com.mx/shopk/shop.php?cat=3 Nessuna parte di questo libro può essere riprodotta o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma o con qualsiasi mezzo elettronico, meccanico o altro senza l’autorizzazione scritta degli autori. I Edizione 2009 Tiratura limitata di 200 copie Casa Editrice Marna s.c. Via Santuario, 5 - 23890 Barzago (Lc) Tel. +39 031.874415 - Fax +39 031.874417 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.marna.it EAN: 9788872034897 Stampato da Associazione Padre Monti Divisione Stampa Digitale Saronno In copertina sullo sfondo, Chiasmacantha ceratops (Deiracephalus aster), Cambriano della Weeks Formation, Millard County, Utah, USA. Nei riquadri, da sinistra a destra: Acanthopyge (Belenopyge) consanguinea, Ordoviciano della Haragan & Bois d’Arc Formation, Oklahoma, USA; Olenoides sp., Cambriano della Weeks Formation, Millard County, Utah, USA; Bristolia insolens e Bristolia fragilis, Cambriano della Carrara Formation presso Emigrant Pass, Nevada, USA. In retrocopertina un affioramento di marne fossilifere del Cambriano inferiore nella Carrara Formation, Nevada, USA. Olenoides “abbotti” Cambriano medio Whirlwind Formation - Drum Mountains - Utah - USA Foto: Dave Comfort Spathacalymene nasuta Siluriano medio Osgood Formation - Indiana - USA Foto: Jake Skabelund TRILOBITI IL libro del Museo Enrico Bonino Carlo KieKier con la collaborazione di Jake Skabelund e Dave ComfortComfor Sommario INTRODUZIONE 1 Introduzione al volume 2 Introduzione al volume del Prof. Maurizio Gnoli 3 Introduzione al volume del Dr. Samuel M. Gon III 4 Il Museo Back to the Past 5 Ringraziamenti 7 Cenni di classificazione e terminologia 10 Cladistica 11 TRILOBITI (CLASSE TRILOBITA) 13 Introduzione generale 14 ORIGINE 20 MORFOLOGIA 27 Composizione dell’esoscheletro 28 Trilobiti in sezione sottile 30 Cephalon 33 Glabella 33 Linee di sutura 34 Spine cefaliche 35 Ipostoma 36 Piastra rostrale 38 Occhi 39 Occhi Olocroali (od Olocroici) 40 Occhi Schizocroali (o Schizocroici) 42 Struttura delle lenti 42 Occhi Abatocroali (o Abatocroici) 44 Morfologia funzionale 44 Evoluzione dell’apparato visivo 45 Cecità 46 Thorax 51 Avvolgimento 53 Pygidium 58 Sculture dell’esoscheletro o Prosopon 62 VII Domi o nodi 62 Tubercoli 62 Spine 63 Perforazioni (pits) e depressioni 64 Creste o terrazzi 66 Struttura delle parti molli 67 Ontogenesi 70 Exuviazione 72 Anomalie morfologiche e Predazione 78 Predazione 78 Preambolo 78 Predatori e prede 80 Deformazioni “funzionali” 86 PALEOECOLOGIA 88 Morfotipi 89 Phacomorfe 89 Pelagiche 90 Illaenomorfe 90 Atheloptiche 90 Miniaturizzate 90 Forme con bordo cefalico perforato 90 Olenimorfe 90 Forme con Spine cefaliche marginali 91 Ambienti di vita 92 Forme pelagiche (zooplanctivori pelagici) 92 Forme planctoniche 93 Forme bentoniche 94 Postura 95 Alimentazione 97 Predatori e Necrofagi 97 Detritivori (Particle-feeders) 99 Planctonivori (Alimentazione a base di plancton) 99 Olenomorfi: relazioni simbiotiche? 100 Filtratori (Filter feeders) 100 Ichnofossili 102 Tafonomia 108 PROVINCIALISMO FAUNISTICO 113 Importanza paleontologica 114 Provincialismo faunistico 114 VIII Provincialismo funzione delle condizioni climatiche 114 Provincialismo funzione della batimetria e distanza 115 Cambriano 116 Ordoviciano 117 Siluriano 118 Carbonifero e Permiano 119 I TRILOBITI IN ITALIA 122 Sardegna 124 Cambriano 124 Gruppo di Nebida. 125 Gruppo di Gonnesa 126 Gruppo di Iglesias 126 Ordoviciano 130 Formazione di Monte Argentu 130 Formazione di Monte Orri 130 Formazione di Portixeddu 131 Formazione di Domusnovas 131 Formazione di Rio San Marco 132 Formazione di San Vito 132 Gruppo Vulcanico Acido 132 Formazione di Punta Serpeddi 132 Formazione di Tuviois 133 Siluriano e Devoniano 133 Friuli 139 Ordoviciano 139 Siluriano 139 Devoniano 139 Carbonifero 140 Permiano 141 Sicilia 142 CLASSIFICAZIONE 145 Ordine Agnostida 149 Sottordine AGNOSTINA 150 Sottordine EODISCINA 151 Ordine Redlichiida 152 Sottordine OLENELLINA 153 Sottordine REDLICHIINA 154 Ordine Corynexochida 155 Sottordine ILLAENINA 156 Sottordine CORYNEXOCHINA 157 Sottordine LEIOSTEGIINA 158 IX Ordine Lichida 159 Superfamiglia LICHOIDEA 160 Superfamiglia ODONTOPLEUROIDEA 161 Superfamiglia DAMESELLOIDEA 162 Ordine Phacopida 163 Sottordine CALYMENINA 164 Sottordine PHACOPINA 165 Superfamiglia PHACOPOIDEA 166 Superfamiglia DALMANITOIDEA 167 Superfamiglia ACASTOIDEA 168 Sottordine CHEIRURINA 169 Sottoclasse Librostoma 170 Evoluzione dell’ipostoma 170 Ordine Proetida 172 Superfamiglia PROETOIDEA 174 Superfamiglia AULACOPLEUROIDEA 175 Superfamiglia BATHYUROIDEA 176 Ordine Asaphida 177 Superfamiglia ANOMOCAROIDEA 179 Superfamiglia ASAPHOIDEA 180 Superfamiglia DIKELOCEPHALOIDEA 181 Superfamiglia REMOPLEURIDIOIDEA 182 Superfamiglia CYCLOPYGOIDEA 183 Superfamiglia TRINUCLEIOIDEA 184 Ordine Ptychopariida 186 Sottordine PTYCHOPARIINA 188 Superfamiglia PTYCHOPARIOIDEA 189 Superfamiglia ELLIPSOCEPHALOIDEA 191 Sottordine OLENINA 192 Ordine Harpetida 193 Ordine Nektaspida 195 TAVOLE 198 Introduzione alle Tavole 199 CAMBRIANO 200 Maotianshan Shale Member 201 Pioche Shale Formation 207 Jince Formation 212 Spence Shale member 218 Wheeler Shale Formation 225 Marjum Formation 229 Weeks Formation 236 X McKay Group 250 ORDOVICIANO 256 Fezouata Formation 257 Fillmore Formation 264 Valongo Formation 268 Túnel Ordovicico del Fabar 278 St. Pietroburgo 281 Bobcaygeon Formation 291 Beecher’s Trilobite bed 294 Rust Formation 299 Ktaoua Group 308 Cincinnatian Series 312 SILURIANO 317 Rochester Shales Formation 318 Hemse
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