Mechanism for Rapid Passive-Dynamic Prey Capture in a Pitcher Plant
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A Biological Survey of the Southern Mount Lofty Ranges
Southern Mount Lofty Ranges Biological Survey APPENDIX I DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ASSOCIATIONS OCCURRING IN SURVEY REGION BOUNDARY. Part 1. Environmental associations in study area occurring within FLEURIEU IBRA sub-region Environmental Total % of Description Association Area vegetation (ha) remaining 3.2.1 Mt. Rapid 12,763 3.9 Hills and ridges on interbedded shale and arkose, locally overlain by tillite. Relict fans form broad flat surfaces near Cape Jervis where some coastal cliffs occur. Open parkland with sown pasture is used for livestock grazing. The scenery of the coastline is dominated by tall cliffs that vary in form and steepness, the amount of rock outcrop and vegetative cover. 3.2.2 Deep Creek 12,984 30.2 A long dissected ridge of phyllite and greywacke with cliffs, or beaches and dunes along the coastline. The cover is predominantly open parkland over sown pasture with widespread remnants of woodland and forest. Inland views tend to be middle-ground panoramic, featuring grassy ridge crests and valley floors with bracken and reed or remnant forest vegetation. 3.2.3 Fleurieu 30,389 15.6 An undulating to hilly dissected tableland on lateritized sandstone. There is a mixed cover of open parkland, forest plantation and woodland. 3.2.4 Inman 37,130 4.4 A series of low dissected ridges and spurs on tillite and arkose, with dunes and beaches or Valley cliffs along the coast. The cover is open parkland over sown pastures and cereal crops. 3.2.5 Bob Tiers 15,761 21.3 Ridges on schist and gneiss with dissected slopes and remnantsof laterite-capped tableland. -
Carnivorous Plant Newsletter V44 N4 December 2015
Technical Refereed Contribution Several pygmy Sundew species possess catapult-flypaper traps with repetitive function, indicating a possible evolutionary change into aquatic snap traps similar to Aldrovanda Siegfried R. H. Hartmeyer and Irmgard Hartmeyer • Weil am Rhein • Germany • s.hartmeyer@ t-online.de • www.hartmeyer.de Keywords: Drosera, pygmy Sundew, Aldrovanda, Dionaea, Droseraceae, Collembola, carnivorous plant, catapult-flypaper trap, snap trap, snap-tentacle, functional morphology, phylogeny. Abstract: Approximately 50 species of pygmy Sundews (genus Drosera, section Bryastrum) occur in the South of Australia and one each in New Zealand (D. pygmaea) and Venezuela (D. meristo- caulis). They grow mainly as small stemless rosettes possessing minute trapping leaves of 1-2 mm diameter with prominent marginal tentacles, or have elongated erect stems. The caulescent species possess only mucus-producing tentacles that are most effective in capturing small flying insects. The acaulescent species in contrast are specialized on crawling prey (Verbeek & Boasson 1993) and have developed mucus-free snap-tentacles (Fig. 1), able to bend surprisingly rapidly towards the leaf center. They lift prey like, e.g. springtails (Collembola) from the ground and carry it with a 180°-movement from the periphery of the plant onto the sticky leaf. Our examinations brought to light that several small species of section Bryastrum are able to catapult small animals even within fractions of a second. If the whole leaf is touched, several or even all marginal tentacles perform such bending movements simultaneously. We documented this behavior on video, featured on our film “Catapults in Pygmyland” on YouTube (www.youtube.com/watch?v=5k7GYGibdjM). Our results prove that more than only one species in the genus Drosera possess rapidly moving catapult-flypaper traps and that the examined pygmy catapults show a further specialization and function repeatedly (in contrast to the one-shot snap tentacles of D. -
Insectivorous Plants”, He Showed That They Had Adaptations to Capture and Digest Animals
the Strange, the Ugly, and the Bizarre . carnivores, parasites, and mycotrophs . Plant Oddities - Carnivores, Parasites & Mycotrophs Of all the plants, the most bizarre, the least understood, but yet the most interesting are those plants that have unusual modes of nutrient uptake. Carnivore: Nepenthes Plant Oddities - Carnivores, Parasites & Mycotrophs Of all the plants, the most bizarre, the least understood, but yet the most interesting are those plants that have unusual modes of nutrient uptake. Parasite: Rafflesia Plant Oddities - Carnivores, Parasites & Mycotrophs Of all the plants, the most bizarre, the least understood, but yet the most interesting are those plants that have unusual modes of nutrient uptake. Things to focus on for this topic! 1. What are these three types of plants 2. How do they live - selection 3. Systematic distribution in general 4. Systematic challenges or issues 5. Evolutionary pathways - how did they get to what they are Mycotroph: Monotropa Plant Oddities - The Problems Three factors for systematic confusion and controversy 1. the specialized roles often involve reductions or elaborations in both vegetative and floral features — DNA also is reduced or has extremely high rates of change for example – the parasitic Rafflesia Plant Oddities - The Problems Three factors for systematic confusion and controversy 2. their connections to other plants or fungi, or trapping of animals, make these odd plants prone to horizontal gene transfer for example – the parasitic Mitrastema [work by former UW student Tom Kleist] -
Plants That Bite Back. Carolina Beach State Park: an Environmental Education Learning Experience Designed for the Middle Grades
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 376 026 SE 054 367 AUTHOR Wahab, Phoebe TITLE Plants that Bite Back. Carolina Beach State Park: An Environmental Education Learning Experience Designed for the Middle Grades. INSTITUTION North Carolina State Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, Raleigh. Div. of Parks and Recreation. PUB DATE 93 ::OTE 131p.; For other Environmental Education Learning Experiences, see SE 054 364-371. AVAILABLE FROMNorth Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation, P.O. Box 27687, Raleigh, NC 27611-7687. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Teaching Guides (For Teacher)(052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC06 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Botany; Conservation (Environment); *Endangered Species; *Environmental Education; Experiential Learning; Field Trips; Intermediate Grades; Junior High Schools; Middle Schools; Natural Resources; Outdoor Activities; *Outdoor Education; Plant Growth; Plants (Botany); Teaching Guides IDENTIFIERS *Biological Adaptations; *Carnivorous Plants; Natural Resources Management; Nature; North Carolina; State Parks ABSTRACT This learning packet, one in a series of eight, was developed by the Carolina Beach State Park in North Carolina for the middle grades to teach about carnivorous plants. Loose-leaf pages are presented in 10 sections that contain:(1) introductions to the North Carolina State Park System, the Carolina Beach State Park, the park's activity packet, and how plants eat;(2) a summary of the activities that includes major concepts and objectives covered; (3) four pre-visit activities on carnivorous plants;(4) three -
ORCHIDS Lincoln Park Conservatory and Gardens Docent Training March 14, 2020
ORCHIDS Lincoln Park Conservatory and Gardens Docent Training March 14, 2020 Contents Title Page 1. Essential Orchids 1 2. Essential Carnivorous Plants 4 3. Orchid Room Highlights 6 4. History of Orchids 8 5. Orchids and their Pollinators 11 6. Orchids 17 7. What are Bromeliads 21 8. Bromeliads 24 9. Epiphytic Cacti 25 10. Tropical Cacti 27 11. Carnivorous Plants 29 12. Carnivorous Plants 2 33 13. Ant Plants 35 14. Ant Plants 2 37 15. Vanilla Orchid 36 16. Goldfish vs. Koi 39 Reading assignments supplement each week’s lectures. Please read before the lecture. This page intentionally left blank Essential Orchids Orchids are one of the oldest and largest families in the plant kingdom with over 25,000 species worldwide. Through the millions of years of their existence, they developed complex relationships with their pollinators, animal communities, and environment in general. Today, orchids are now among the most widely grown and popular flowering potted plants in the world. With modern scientific cultivation, there are over 100,000 varieties of orchids and the number is increasing. However, in the wild populations are declining; many orchids are on the endangered lists, and almost all collecting of orchids is banned. What Makes an Orchid an Orchid? All orchids share three basic characteristics: ● Three sepals ● Three petals. In most orchids, one of these is highly modified and called a lip, or labellum. These are easy to see in most of the common orchids, and act as a landing pad for insect pollinators. ● A column. In most flowers the male (stamen) and female (pistil) reproductive structures are separate. -
Management Plan Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park 2006
Department for Environment and Heritage Management Plan Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park 2006 www.environment.sa.gov.au This plan of management was adopted on 11 January 2006 and was prepared in pursuance of section 38 of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972. Government of South Australia Published by the Department for Environment and Heritage, Adelaide, Australia © Department for Environment and Heritage, 2006 ISBN: 1 921018 887 Front cover photograph courtesy of Bernd Stoecker FRPS and reproduced with his permission This document may be cited as “Department for Environment and Heritage (2006) Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park Management Plan, Adelaide, South Australia” FOREWORD Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park is located approximately 80 kilometres north-east of Adelaide and approximately 12 kilometres south-east of Tanunda, in the northern Mount Lofty Ranges. The 392 hectare park was proclaimed in 1979 to conserve a remnant block of native vegetation, in particular the northern-most population of Brown Stringybark (Eucalyptus baxteri). Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park preserves a substantial number of habitats for native fauna and helps to protect the soil and watershed of Tanunda Creek. More than 360 species of native plant are found within the reserve, many of which are of conservation significance. Bird species of conservation significance recorded within the reserve include the Diamond Firetail, White-browed Treecreeper, Elegant Parrot and Crescent Honeyeater. Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park also has a rich cultural heritage. The reserve is of significance to the Peramangk people and Ngadjuri people who have traditional associations with the land. Kaiserstuhl Conservation Park has also been a valuable source of material for botanical research. Dr Ferdinand von Mueller and Dr Hans Herman Behr collected Barossa Ranges plants from the area between 1844 and 1851. -
Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Carnivorous Plant Family Droseraceae with Representative Drosera Species From
F1000Research 2017, 6:1454 Last updated: 10 AUG 2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE Phylogeny and biogeography of the carnivorous plant family Droseraceae with representative Drosera species from Northeast India [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 not approved] Devendra Kumar Biswal 1, Sureni Yanthan2, Ruchishree Konhar 1, Manish Debnath 1, Suman Kumaria 2, Pramod Tandon2,3 1Bioinformatics Centre, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India 2Department of Botany, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India 3Biotech Park, Jankipuram, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India v1 First published: 14 Aug 2017, 6:1454 Open Peer Review https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12049.1 Latest published: 14 Aug 2017, 6:1454 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.12049.1 Reviewer Status Invited Reviewers Abstract Background: Botanical carnivory is spread across four major 1 2 angiosperm lineages and five orders: Poales, Caryophyllales, Oxalidales, Ericales and Lamiales. The carnivorous plant family version 1 Droseraceae is well known for its wide range of representatives in the 14 Aug 2017 report report temperate zone. Taxonomically, it is regarded as one of the most problematic and unresolved carnivorous plant families. In the present 1. Andreas Fleischmann, Ludwig-Maximilians- study, the phylogenetic position and biogeographic analysis of the genus Drosera is revisited by taking two species from the genus Universität München, Munich, Germany Drosera (D. burmanii and D. Peltata) found in Meghalaya (Northeast 2. Lingaraj Sahoo, Indian Institute of India). Methods: The purposes of this study were to investigate the Technology Guwahati (IIT Guwahati) , monophyly, reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and ancestral area Guwahati, India of the genus Drosera, and to infer its origin and dispersal using molecular markers from the whole ITS (18S, 28S, ITS1, ITS2) region Any reports and responses or comments on the and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) sequences. -
Chemical Reactions and Equations 01
Chapter Chemical Reactions 01 and Equations WORKSHEET - 1 Introduction to Chemical Reactions I. 1. b) 2. a) 3. a) 4. a) 5. c) II. 1. exothermic 2. iron oxide 3. reactants 4. precipitate 5. hydrogen gas III. 1. 2NH3 + 3CuO 3Cu + N2 + 3H2O 2. Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH 2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4 3. 4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3 4. 2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O 5. MnO2 + 4HCl MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O I V. 1. It is because sunlight is absorbed in this process. 2. a) Precipitate formation b) Evolution of gas 3. a) Hydrogen gas is evolved. b) It is an exothermic reaction. 4. a) Reaction of iron with copper sulphate: Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu (Blue) (Green) b) Reaction of quicklime with water: CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 + Heat V. 1. • By writing the state symbols of each component. • By indicating evolution of gas (↑) or precipitate formation (↓). • By writing the number of molecules of each component in a balanced equation. • By indicating colour change. • By indicating the release or absorption of heat. 2. a) BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq) b) 2Fe + 3H2O(g) Fe2O3(s) + 3H2(g) 3. a) Large amount of heat is released. b) The gas evolved (CO2) turns lime water milky. c) The solution will change colour from purple to colourless. TM A DDITION LA PR CTICEA SCIENCE-10 1 WORKSHEET - 2 Types of Chemical Reactions I. 1. Decomposition reaction 2. Catalyst 3. Platinum 4. Potassium 5. Slaked lime II. 1. Yes 2. No 3. Yes 4. Yes 5. No III. 1. CO2 2. Fe 2O3 3. Cl2 4. -
Carniflora 9 4 2014 Supplement DRAFT V3.Pub
Carniflora Australis Journal of the Australasian Carnivorous Plant Society Inc. Volume 9 No. 4, September 2014: SUPPLEMENT 1 ISSN 1448-9570 PRICE $5.00 Free with Membership Subscription All members, single, family and overseas $AU25.00 Please make cheques or money orders payable to the Australasian Carnivorous Plant Society Inc. Membership and correspondence should be forwarded to the Secretary at [email protected] or PO BOX 4009 Kingsway West NSW 2208 (Australia) Meeting are held on the second Friday of each month Time: 7.30pm—10.00pm Venue: Woodstock Community Centre Church St, Burwood More information is also available at: http://www.auscps.com/modules/newbb/ An electronic copy of this issue is available at: https://auscps.wordpress.com/ Contents Front Page: Nepenthes rowanae pitcher, on a cultivated plant on displayat the conference. Robert Gibson Back Page: (Top) Poster at the 10th ICPS conference. (Bottom) Conference participants socialise after Day 1 of the talks. Robert Gibson Title Author Page Summary of talks delivered at the Robert Gibson 4 10th International Carnivorous Plant Society (ICPS) Conference: 18-20th July 2014 2 Summary of talks delivered at the 10th International Carnivorous Plant Society (ICPS) Conference: 18-20th July 2014 Robert Gibson Newcastle E-mail: [email protected] Introduction The ICPS conference was held over three days at the Cairns Botanic Gardens. About 60 carnivorous plant enthusiasts attended. Eighteen presentations were delivered; summaries of which, based on the notes I took, are presented below: Greg Bourke – A photographic journey through Australia’s fragile habitats. Greg presented a photographic tour across Australia using a selection of his wonderful photos. -
FILOGENIA E BIOGEOGRAFIA DE DROSERACEAE INFERIDAS a PARTIR DE CARACTERES MORFOLÓGICOS E MOLECULARES (18S, Atpb, Matk, Rbcl E ITS)
FILOGENIA E BIOGEOGRAFIA DE DROSERACEAE INFERIDAS A PARTIR DE CARACTERES MORFOLÓGICOS E MOLECULARES (18S, atpB, matK, rbcL e ITS) VITOR FERNANDES OLIVEIRA DE MIRANDA Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus de Rio Claro, para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Área de Concentração: Biologia Vegetal) Rio Claro Estado de São Paulo – Brasil Abril de 2.006 FILOGENIA E BIOGEOGRAFIA DE DROSERACEAE INFERIDAS A PARTIR DE CARACTERES MORFOLÓGICOS E MOLECULARES (18S, atpB, matK, rbcL e ITS) VITOR FERNANDES OLIVEIRA DE MIRANDA Orientador: Prof. Dr. ANTONIO FURLAN Co-orientador: Prof. Dr. MAURÍCIO BACCI JÚNIOR Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Campus de Rio Claro, para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Ciências Biológicas (Área de Concentração: Biologia Vegetal) Rio Claro Estado de São Paulo – Brasil Abril de 2.006 582 Miranda, Vitor Fernandes Oliveira de M672f Filogenia e biogeografia de Droseraceae inferidas a partir de caracteres morfológicos e moleculares (18S, atpB, matK, rbcL e ITS) / Vitor Fernandes Oliveira de Miranda. – Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2006 132 f. : il., figs., tabs., fots. Tese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual Paulista, Institu- to de Biociências de Rio Claro Orientador: Antonio Furlan Co-orientador: Mauricio Bacci Junior 1. Botânica – Classificação. 2. Botânica sistemática molecu- lar. 3. Aldrovanda. 4. Dionaea. 5. Drosera. 6. DNA. I. Título. Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela STATI – Biblioteca da UNESP Campus de Rio Claro/SP iv Agradecimentos Ao Prof. Furlan por sua sabedoria, por toda a sua paciência, por toda a sua compreensão, que sempre soube me ouvir e sempre me viu, acima de tudo, como pessoa. -
Targeted Flora and Fauna Habitat Survey of Proposed Development
Targeted Flora and Fauna Habitat Survey of Proposed Development in Swan View Prepared for Statewest Planning Ref: T18022 Terratree Pty Ltd ABN 48 159 6065 005 Unit 3, No. 42 Victoria Street, Midland WA 6056 Telephone: (08) 9250 1163 Mobile: 0400 003 688 Email: [email protected] www.terratree.com.au Document Control Revision Details Date Author Reviewer Rev 0 Internal Review 10/01/2019 G. Maslen J. Grehan Rev A Draft for Submission to Client for Review 23/01/2019 G. Maslen J. Grehan Rev B Final Submission to Client 07/02/2019 G. Maslen S. O’Hara Joseph Grehan Director and Principal Ecologist Targeted Flora and Fauna Survey of Proposed Development in Swan View for Statewest Planning i DISCLAIMER This document is prepared in accordance with and subject to an agreement between Terratree Pty Ltd (“Terratree”) and the client for whom it has been prepared (“Statewest Planning”) and is restricted to those issues that have been raised by the client in its engagement of Terratree and prepared using the standard of skill and care ordinarily exercised by Environmental Scientists in the preparation of such documents. Any organisation or person that relies on or uses this document for purposes or reasons other than those agreed by Terratree and the client without first obtaining the prior written consent of Terratree, does so entirely at their own risk and Terratree denies all liability in tort, contract or otherwise for any loss, damage or injury of any kind whatsoever (whether in negligence or otherwise) that may be suffered as a consequence of relying on this document for any purpose other than that agreed with the client. -
How Plants Move
florolo gy 101 By Kirk Pamper AIFD, AAF, PFCI “fangs,” the Venus flytrap has the sinister look of a How plants can be— creature from science fiction, which probably and have—a “moving accounts for its notoriety…well, that and the fact that it eats bugs alive. experience.” While the Venus flytrap may be the most dramatic example of movement in plants, there are several other ways in which plants display kinetic energy, Most of us tend to think of plants as stationary from the subtle to the startling. beings. Yes, they grow and flower and reproduce, even photosynthesize—it’s not as if they aren’t doing anything—but in general, plants don’t display A good turn the kind of movement that can be observed by the naked eye, or that could even be documented hour Rooted in one place, lacking eyes or ears or legs to by hour. It’s been said that movement is what find their way to food and water, plants have had to distinguishes plants from animals. develop other ways of satisfying their needs. Most plant movements are subtle; they occur gradually over But many kinds of plants do move, and even some a period of minutes or hours. Consider, for starters, the cut flowers seem to defy our notion of what a plant tropisms, which are various types of plant movement is: namely, something that sits still. Perhaps in response to environmental stimuli. foremost among these is the infamous Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) . With its hair-trigger “jaws” and Phototropism, the directional movement of a plant its lurid red “throat” lined with fierce-looking in response to light, helps guide the growing plant toward a source of energy it needs for photosynthesizing.