NUNN Department of Evolutionary Anthropology & the Duke Global Health Institute Duke University Durham, NC 27708
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Predator-Primate Occupation and Co-Occurrence in the Issa Valley, Katavi Region, Western Tanzania
BSc. thesis: Predator-primate occupation and co-occurrence in the Issa Valley, Katavi Region, western Tanzania. Menno J. Breider Student Applied Biology, Aeres University of Applied Sciences, Almere, The Netherlands Aeres University graduation teacher: Quirine Hakkaart In association with the Ugalla Primate Project Edam, 2 June 2017 This page is intentionally left blank for double-sided printing BSc. thesis: Predator-primate occupation and co-occurrence in the Issa Valley, Katavi Region, western Tanzania. Menno J. Breider Student Applied Biology, Aeres University of Applied Sciences, Almere, The Netherlands Aeres University graduation teacher: Quirine Hakkaart In association with the Ugalla Primate Project Edam, 2 June 2017 Front page images, top to bottom: Top: Eastern chimpanzee and leopard at the same location, different occasions. Middle: Researcher and leopard at the same location, different occasions. Bottom: Red-tailed monkey and researchers at the same location, different occasions. All: Camera trap footage from the Issa Valley, provided by the Ugalla Primate Project. Edited: combined, gradient created and cropped. This page is intentionally left blank for double-sided printing - Acknowledgements I wish to thank, first and foremost, Alex Piel of the Ugalla Primate Project for enabling this subject and for patiently supporting me during this project. His quick responses (often within an hour, no matter what time of the day), feedback and insights have been indispensable. I am also grateful to my graduation teacher, Quirine Hakkaart from the Aeres University, for guiding me through this thesis project and for her feedback on multiple versions of this study and its proposal. I would also have been unable to complete this research without the support and feedback of my friends and family. -
DANIEL J. BECKER [email protected], Danieljbecker.Weebly.Com
DANIEL J. BECKER [email protected], danieljbecker.weebly.com POSITIONS Assistant Professor starting 2021 Department of Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Fellow 2018{2021 Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN Postdoctoral Researcher 2017{2018 Microbiology & Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT EDUCATION Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 2017 PhD in Ecology. Linking anthropogenic resources to wildlife{pathogen dynamics: from theory to vampire bats. Advised by Sonia Altizer & Daniel Streicker Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 2010 BA in Anthropology, Global Health, Science & Society. From clinic to support group: medical expertise and Lyme disease in Dutchess County, NY. Advised by Diana Brown RESEARCH Zoonotic pathogens of bats and birds; mathematical models; environmental change; INTERESTS ecoimmunology; phylogenetic comparative methods; meta-analysis; macroecology CURRENT Innovation Award, Field Museum of Natural History 2020-2022 FUNDING Testing predictions of betacoronavirus hosts with the FMNH mammal tissue collection ($55,000; PIs: Ferguson, Becker, and seven other contributing collaborators) Biology Integration Institutes, National Science Foundation 2020{2022 Ecology and evolution of the global virome using big data & machine learning ($166,189; PIs: Carlson & Dallas, Becker as one of 13 contributing collaborators) Exploration Grant, National Geographic 2019{2021 Vampire bat diet, movement, and rabies virus risks in the changing -
Comstock Publishing Associates /Cornell University Press
COMSTOCK PUBLISHING ASSOCIATES /CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS www.cornellpress.cornell.edu MONARCHS IN A CHANGING WORLD Biology and Conservation of an Iconic Butterfly edited by Karen S. OberhauSer, Kelly r. nail, SOnia altizer ISBN: 978-0-8014-5315-1 | 352 pages | $35.00/£21.50 hardcover “Few other species capture the imagination and provide fodder for knowledge and innovation like the monarch. Monarchs in a Changing World is a beautiful illustration of both.”—Jessica Hellmann, University of notre Dame “Monarchs in a Changing World summarizes work that reinforces, extends, and ameliorates our understanding of the biology of the monarch butterfly, with a particular focus on key research, conservation, and outreach efforts that aim to preserve this species, its range and habitats, and its awe-inspiring long-distance migration in eastern North America. This book presents a variety of interesting and thought-provoking topics to readers. They range from studies on the population dynamics and ecology of monarchs in different areas around the globe to current and ongoing conservation and management efforts that span personal, local, state, national, and international boundaries. This book will serve as the key resource for those people interested in using monarch butterflies as a model organism in citizen science, science literacy, and environmental education programs.”—steven m. reppert, mD, Umass meDical scHool Karen S. OberhauSer is a Professor in the Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology at the University of Minnesota. She is coeditor of The Monarch Butterfly: Biology and Conservation, also from Cornell. Kelly r. nail is a PhD candidate in the Conservation Biology Program at the University of Minnesota. -
Sexual Selection in the Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur Catta): Female
Copyright by Joyce Ann Parga 2006 The Dissertation Committee for Joyce Ann Parga certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Sexual Selection in the Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta): Female Choice, Male Mating Strategies, and Male Mating Success in a Female Dominant Primate Committee: Deborah J. Overdorff, Supervisor Claud A. Bramblett Lisa Gould Rebecca J. Lewis Liza J. Shapiro Sexual Selection in the Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta): Female Choice, Male Mating Strategies, and Male Mating Success in a Female Dominant Primate by Joyce Ann Parga, B.S.; M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December, 2006 Dedication To my grandfather, Santiago Parga Acknowledgements I would first like to thank the St. Catherines Island Foundation, without whose cooperation this research would not have been possible. The SCI Foundation graciously provided housing and transportation throughout the course of this research. Their aid is gratefully acknowledged, as is the permission to conduct research on the island that I was granted by the late President Frank Larkin and the Foundation board. The Larkin and Smith families are also gratefully acknowledged. SCI Superintendent Royce Hayes is thanked for his facilitation of all aspects of the field research, for his hospitality, friendliness, and overall accessibility - whether I was on or off the island. The Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) is also an organization whose help is gratefully acknowledged. In particular, Colleen McCann and Jim Doherty of the WCS deserve thanks. -
Sleep and Nesting Behavior in Primates: a Review
Received: 29 July 2017 | Revised: 30 November 2017 | Accepted: 2 December 2017 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23373 REVIEW ARTICLE Sleep and nesting behavior in primates: A review Barbara Fruth1,2,3,4 | Nikki Tagg1 | Fiona Stewart2 1Centre for Research and Conservation/ KMDA, Antwerp, Belgium Abstract 2Faculty of Science/School of Natural Sleep is a universal behavior in vertebrate and invertebrate animals, suggesting it originated in the Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John very first life forms. Given the vital function of sleep, sleeping patterns and sleep architecture fol- Moores University, United Kingdom low dynamic and adaptive processes reflecting trade-offs to different selective pressures. 3 Department of Developmental and Here, we review responses in sleep and sleep-related behavior to environmental constraints Comparative Psychology, Max-Planck- across primate species, focusing on the role of great ape nest building in hominid evolution. We Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany summarize and synthesize major hypotheses explaining the proximate and ultimate functions of 4Faculty of Biology/Department of great ape nest building across all species and subspecies; we draw on 46 original studies published Neurobiology, Ludwig Maximilians between 2000 and 2017. In addition, we integrate the most recent data brought together by University of Munich, Germany researchers from a complementary range of disciplines in the frame of the symposium “Burning the midnight oil” held at the 26th Congress of the International Primatological Society, Chicago, Correspondence Barbara Fruth, Liverpool John Moores August 2016, as well as some additional contributors, each of which is included as a “stand-alone” University, Faculty of Science/NSP, article in this “Primate Sleep” symposium set. -
The Biogeography of Large Islands, Or How Does the Size of the Ecological Theater Affect the Evolutionary Play
The biogeography of large islands, or how does the size of the ecological theater affect the evolutionary play Egbert Giles Leigh, Annette Hladik, Claude Marcel Hladik, Alison Jolly To cite this version: Egbert Giles Leigh, Annette Hladik, Claude Marcel Hladik, Alison Jolly. The biogeography of large islands, or how does the size of the ecological theater affect the evolutionary play. Revue d’Ecologie, Terre et Vie, Société nationale de protection de la nature, 2007, 62, pp.105-168. hal-00283373 HAL Id: hal-00283373 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00283373 Submitted on 14 Dec 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. THE BIOGEOGRAPHY OF LARGE ISLANDS, OR HOW DOES THE SIZE OF THE ECOLOGICAL THEATER AFFECT THE EVOLUTIONARY PLAY? Egbert Giles LEIGH, Jr.1, Annette HLADIK2, Claude Marcel HLADIK2 & Alison JOLLY3 RÉSUMÉ. — La biogéographie des grandes îles, ou comment la taille de la scène écologique infl uence- t-elle le jeu de l’évolution ? — Nous présentons une approche comparative des particularités de l’évolution dans des milieux insulaires de différentes surfaces, allant de la taille de l’île de La Réunion à celle de l’Amé- rique du Sud au Pliocène. -
Karen Oberhauser (Presenter) and Wendy Caldwell
CURRICULUM VITAE KAREN S. OBERHAUSER Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology University of Minnesota Education B.A. Harvard University, 1979 Biology B.S. University of Wisconsin, Madison, 1981 Natural Science Education Ph.D. University of Minnesota, 1989 Ecology and Behavioral Biology, Genetics Minor [Advisors: P.A. Abrams and J.W. Curtsinger] Positions/Employment University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (1991-present) Professor, 2013-present Associate Professor, 2008-2013 Assistant Professor, 2003-2008 Outreach/Teaching Assistant Professor, 2002-2003 Research Associate and Adjunct Assistant Professor, 1991-2002 Onalaska High School, Wisconsin (Biology and Chemistry Teacher), 1981-1984 Brief Biography My students and I conduct research on several aspects of monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) ecology, including reproductive ecology, host-parasite interactions, factors affecting the distribution and abundance of immature monarch stages, habitat management and availability, and risks posed by global climate change and pest control practices to monarch butterflies. Our research employs traditional lab and field techniques, as well as contributions of a variety of other audiences through citizen science. I have a strong interest in engaging K-12 students and teachers in inquiry-based science and promoting a citizenry with a high degree of scientific and environmental literacy. To this end, I have developed a comprehensive science education program called Monarchs in the Classroom, which involves courses and workshops for teachers, opportunities for youth to engage in research and share their findings with broad audiences, a nationwide Citizen Science project called the Monarch Larva Monitoring Project, and curriculum development. I am passionate about the conservation of the world’s biodiversity, and believe that the connections my projects promote between monarchs, humans, and the natural world will help to promote conservation actions. -
Logical Inferences from Visual and Auditory Information in Ruffed Lemurs and Sifakas
Animal Behaviour xxx (xxxx) xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Animal Behaviour journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/anbehav Logical inferences from visual and auditory information in ruffed lemurs and sifakas * Francesca De Petrillo a, b, , Alexandra G. Rosati b, c a Institute for Advance Study in Toulouse, 1, Esplanade de l'Universite, Toulouse, France b Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A. c Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, U.S.A. article info Inference by exclusion, or the ability to select a correct course of action by systematically excluding other Article history: potential alternatives, is a form of logical inference that allows individuals to solve problems without Received 17 October 2019 complete information. Current comparative research shows that several bird, mammal and primate Initial acceptance 24 December 2019 species can find hidden food through inference by exclusion. Yet there is also wide variation in how Final acceptance 31 January 2020 successful different species are as well as the kinds of sensory information they can use to do so. An Available online xxx important question is therefore why some species are better at engaging in logical inference than others. MS. number: A19-00797R Here, we investigate the evolution of logical reasoning abilities by comparing strepsirrhine primate species that vary in dietary ecology: frugivorous ruffed lemurs (Varecia spp.) and folivorous Coquerel's Keywords: sifakas, Propithecus coquereli. Across two studies, we examined their abilities to locate food using direct auditory information information versus inference from exclusion and using both visual and auditory information. -
Driven to Discover
FACILITATOR’S GUIDE TO CITIZEN SCIENCE | MONARCHS Driven to Discover IN PARTNERSHIP WITH: Acknowledgements This publication has been made possible FIELD TESTERS through the contributions of many people and organizations to whom we are very grateful. This curriculum was tested in a variety of settings with a variety of research teams. Adult leaders provided feedback that significantly improved PROJECT TEAM the curriculum and the program model. The following people served as Driven to Discover Implementation of the Driven to Discover grant Club Leaders: project drew on the skills of a diverse team from the University of Minnesota, Department of Erick Anderson Jamie McBride Fisheries, Wildlife & Conservation Biology, and Sandra Benton Laura Molenaar the University of Minnesota Extension, Center for Lynsey Bernfeld Amie Mondl Agriculture, Food and Natural Resource Sciences, Kari Buse Dave Moehnke and the Center for Youth Development. Troy Cook Tracy Moshier Elana Dahlberg Kelly Nail Principal Investigators: Karen Oberhauser, Robert Ann Drzewiecki Sami Nichols B. Blair, Nathan J. Meyer, Pamela Larson Nippolt, Diane Erdmann Kirk Payne Andrea Lorek Strauss. Audrey Robinson Patrina Paxson Project Team: Grant Bowers, Katie-Lyn Bunney, Favorito Cindy Petersen Tania Homayoun, Eva Lewandowski, Rebecca L. Gerri Fitzloff Judy Plank Meyer, Kelly Nail, Sami Nichols, Cindy Peterson, Mike Fitzloff Kristin Pursell Amy RB Rager, Mike Rentz, Anne Stevenson, Lainet Garcia-Rivera Mike Rentz Elisabeth Young-Isebrand. Jayme Hanson Jo Sander Theresa Haynes Lesley Sheridan Project Evaluators: Kim Kies, Cecelia Garibay, Ned Heckman Sarah Shimek Garibay Group; Siri Scott, Sarah Shimek. Katie Humason Rachel Soika Barbara Jacobs-Smith Andrea Lorek Strauss Kim Jordan Annette Strom Melanie Kiernan Erica Tollefson Sarah Klintworth Mary Woodward Deb Marcinski Elisabeth Young- Kristina McCullough Isebrand Reviewer Dr. -
From Darkness to Daylight: Cathemeral Activity in Primates
JASs Invited Reviews Journal of Anthropological Sciences Vol. 84 (2006), pp. 1-117-32 From darkness to daylight: cathemeral activity in primates Giuseppe Donati & Silvana M. Borgognini-Tarli Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Antropologia, Università di Pisa, Via S. Maria, 55, Pisa, Italy, e-mail: [email protected] Summary – Within the primate order, Haplorrhini and Strepsirrhini are adapted to diurnal or nocturnal lifestyle. However, Malagasy lemurs exhibit a wide range of activity patterns, from almost completely nocturnal to almost completely diurnal, while others are active over the 24-hours. Cathemerality, the term minted by Tattersall (1987) to define the latter activity style, has been recorded in Eulemur and Hapalemur, as well as in some populations of the New World monkey Aotus. As most animals specialize in a particular phase of the 24- hour cycle, the cathemeral strategy is expected to be the consequence of powerful pressures. We will review hypotheses and findings on ultimate reasons of primate cathemeral activity, present proximate factors shaping the activity cycle and discuss the possible roles of feeding competition, food shortage and dietary quality, thermoregulation, and predation in making this activity advantageous. Overall, we will see how unstable environments and various community characteristics would tend to select for a flexible activity phase. Most attempts to explain cathemerality have relied on adaptive explanations, which assume that this activity is stable and deep-rooted. In contrast, some researchers have suggested that cathemerality represents a non-adaptive transitional state between nocturnality and diurnality. Chronobiology studies indicate that cathemeral species should be considered as dark active primates, thus favouring a recent origin. -
Evolutionary Ecology of Mammalian Placental Invasiveness
EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF MAMMALIAN PLACENTAL INVASIVENESS Michael G. Elliot M.A., University of Oxford, 1998 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE In the Department of Biological Sciences O Michael G. Elliot 2007 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Fa11 2007 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy OF other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Michael G. Elliot Degree: Master of Science Title of Thesis: Evolutionary ecology of mammalian placental invasiveness Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. R. Ydenberg, Professor Dr. B. Crespi, Professor, Senior Supervisor Department of Biological Sciences, S.F.U. Dr. A. Mooers, Associate Professor Department of Biological Sciences, S.F.U. Dr. T. Williams, Professor Department of Biological Sciences, S.F.U. Dr. J. Reynolds, Professor Department of Biological Sciences, S.F.U. Public Examiner 4 December Date Approved Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University ~ibrary,and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. The author has further granted permission to Simon Fraser University to keep or make a digital copy for use in its circulating collection (currently available to the public at the 'Institutional Repositoryn link of the SFU Library website <www.lib.sfu.ca> at: <http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/l892/112>) and, without changing the content, to translate the thesislproject or extended essays, if technically possible, to any medium or format for the purpose of preservation of the digital work. -
Edler Thesis
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HIPPOCAMPUS SIZE AND ECOLOGICAL FACTORS IN PRIMATES A thesis submitted to Kent State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts by Melissa Edler August 2007 Thesis written by Melissa Edler B.A., Kent State University, 2000 M.A., Kent State University, 2007 Approved by Dr. Chet C. Sherwood, Advisor Dr. Richard S. Meindl, Chair, Department of Anthropology Dr. John R. D. Stalvey, Dean, College of Arts and Sciences ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES…………………………………………………………………… v LIST OF TABLES……………………………………………………………………. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………… ix Chapter I. INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………… 1 Overview…………………………………………………………………... 1 Role of the Hippocampus in Memory………………………………........... 2 Spatial Memory……………………………………………………………. 7 Place Cells…………………………………………………………………. 9 Spatial View Cells…………………………………………………………. 12 Use of Spatial Memory in Foraging…………………………………....….. 17 Cognitive Adaptations to the Environment………………………………... 21 II. METHODS………………………………………………………………... 26 Species Analyses…………………………………………………………... 31 Independent Contrast Analyses……………………………………………. 33 III. RESULTS………………………………………………………………….. 37 Percentage of Frugivorous Diet……………………………………………. 37 Percentage of Folivorous Diet……………………………………………... 39 Percentage of Insectivorous Diet…………………………………………... 42 iii Home Range……………………………………………………………….. 44 Diurnal Activity Pattern……………………………………………………. 47 Nocturnal Activity Pattern…………………………………………….….... 48 Arboreal Habitat……………………………………………………………. 49 Semi-Terrestrial