Democratic Republic of Congo, Second Quarter 2018
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This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached
This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Political Geography 28 (2009) 55–65 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Political Geography journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/polgeo The silent encroachment of the frontier: A politics of transborder trade in the Semliki Valley (Congo–Uganda) Timothy Raeymaekers* Centre for Third World Studies, Conflict Research Group, University of Gent, Universiteitstraat 8, 9000 Gent, Belgium abstract Keywords: This article is about the frontier as a political place. Through a discussion of unofficial cross-border trade Border in the Semliki Valley (on the Congo–Ugandan border), it describes how people, despite the ruining effects Frontier of delocalization and state privatization, continue to reproduce their life worlds as places, which even- Conflict tually makes them the matrix of new political constellations. This silent encroachment of the Congo– Africa Ugandan frontier is marked in turn by a prolonged silent, and at occasions loud, advancement on existing Political economy power configurations that profoundly questions ruling modes of classification and standards of evalu- ation. -
NORD KIVU | Octobre 2020
RAPPORT MENSUEL DE MONITORING DE PROTECTION NORD KIVU | Octobre 2020 Chiffres clés RÉSUME 1 391 violations 591 incidents Au cours de ce mois d’octobre 2020, 1.391 incidents de protection ont été documentés Tendances mensuelles sur l’ensemble de la Province du Nord-Kivu. Comparativement au mois de septembre 1,946 2020, il se dégage une diminution de 446 incidents de protection (32%). Malgré cette 1,834 1,667 1837 1391 diminution, plusieurs zones de conflit et incidents violents restent préoccupantes : Sur l’ensemble des incidents de protection qui ont été collectés au Nord-Kivu, la Juin Juillet Aout Sept Octobre majorité d’homicides (47%), d’incendies (57%) et de pillages (43%) ont été commis dans le territoire de Beni et principalement dans les zones de santé d’Oicha, Genre des victimes Mutwanga et Kyondo ainsi que dans la commune Beu. La situation sécuritaire dans ce Genres Total % territoire reste tendue à cause d’une succession d’attaques, embuscades incursions et incendies par des présumés éléments d’Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) contre les Hommes 1006 72% civils. Environ 28 civils ont été tué, 51 enlevés et 54 ont subis des coups et blessures. Femmes 327 24% Meme si le nombre total des violations dans le territoire a diminué dans le mois Garcons 30 2% d’octobre, le conflit est devenu plus meurtriers pendant les trois derniers mois. Filles 28 2% Total 1,391 Dans le territoire de Masisi, des éléments armés non étatiques actifs dans le groupement Bashali-Mokoto, contraignent depuis fin octobre les PDIs et les résidents Statut des victimes à céder de l’espace dans leurs habitations pour y installer les dépendants de ce groupe Statut Total % armé. -
Understanding People's Resistance to Ebola Responses in The
FROM BIOLEGITIMACY TO ANTIHUMANITARIANISM | MAY 2021 Photo by: Ernest Katembo Ngetha. From Biolegitimacy to Antihumanitarianism: Understanding People’s Resistance to Ebola Responses in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Aymar Nyenyezi Bisoka, Koen Vlassenroot, and Lucien Ramazani 8 Congo Research Briefs | Issue 8 FROM BIOLEGITIMACY TO ANTIHUMANITARIANISM: UNDERSTANDING PEOPLE’S RESISTANCE TO EBOLA RESPONSES IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO Aymar Nyenyezi Bisoka, Koen Vlassenroot, and Lucien Ramazani1 INTRODUCTION authorities and their ineffectiveness in providing security and creating The tenth outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in the Democratic lasting peace in areas hit by conflict. In such areas, people prioritize Republic of the Congo (DRC) officially started in August 2018 security above health provisions and feel abandoned by those they in the eastern province of North Kivu, leading the World Health expect to care about them. As one respondent told us, “we die more Organization (WHO), on July 17, 2019, to recognize it as a “public from war than from Ebola and no one cares about it.”4 The local health emergency of international concern.”2 At its formal conclusion population experienced the Ebola health crisis as an opportunity not on June 26, 2020, the pandemic had resulted in 3,470 reported to aim for better health care but to demand protection and peace. cases, including 2,287 deaths.3 Despite its devastating impact, local These observations tell us that, rather than accepting the health- populations seemed to be skeptical about the existence of the new care priorities of humanitarian interventions, people living in North pandemic. Consequently, the outbreak saw substantial and often Kivu saw the pandemic as a moment of struggle and resistance fierce local resistance to the medical response, including armed and mobilized to express their demands to a wide range of public attacks on Ebola treatment centers (ETCs) and violence toward authorities. -
Report on Violations of Human Rights and International Humanitarian Law by the Allied Democratic Forces Armed
UNITED NATIONS JOINT HUMAN RIGHTS OFFICE OHCHR-MONUSCO Report on violations of human rights and international humanitarian law by the Allied Democratic Forces armed group and by members of the defense and security forces in Beni territory, North Kivu province and Irumu and Mambasa territories, Ituri province, between 1 January 2019 and 31 January 2020 July 2020 Table of contents Summary ......................................................................................................................................................................... 4 I. Methodology and challenges encountered ............................................................................................ 7 II. Overview of the armed group Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) ................................................. 8 III. Context of the attacks in Beni territory ................................................................................................. 8 A. Evolution of the attacks from January 2015 to December 2018 .................................................. 8 B. Context of the attacks from 1 January 2019 and 31 January 2020 ............................................ 9 IV. Modus operandi............................................................................................................................................. 11 V. Human rights violations and abuses and violations of international humanitarian law . 11 A. By ADF combattants .................................................................................................................................. -
Tenure Security and Land Conflict in Beni Territory, DR Congo
www.ijird.com June, 2019 Vol 8 Issue 6 ISSN 2278 – 0211 (Online) Baseline Results: Tenure Security and Land Conflict in Beni Territory, DR Congo Julien Muyisa Mapilanga, MSc Monitoring and Evaluation Officer, Department of Integrated Research Institute, Université Chrétienne Bilingue du Congo, Congo Nicole Kahindo Mahamba Land law and Gender Expert, Department of Integrated Research Institute Université Chrétienne Bilingue du Congo, Congo Abstract: This paper aimed to shed light on land tenure security and the dynamics of land conflicts in such a war-prone zone like Beni territory. The design of the study was descriptive and cross-sectional using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. A total number of 1080 household participated in the survey and 19 institutions were included in the key informant interviews. Secondary sources were used in the quantitative approach as well such as reports, research articles and magazines. The findings indicates that tenure security is unknown and often misunderstood by majority of the people in Beni territory. The land registry coverage is 5%. The land administration does not have the legitimacy on the ground even if it is one of the greatest governmental institution with a legal authority over land. Only 34% of the study respondents affirmed having trust in the Land Administration. The classification results of land conflicts in terms of people’s involvement criteria showed that individual disputes are the most frequently occurring followed by collective land conflict and lastly community land conflicts. Customary institutions were found to be the most involved in conflict resolution initiatives. Keywords: Conflict, land conflict, tenure security 1. Introduction Land conflicts in Africa are more often referred to rather than precisely documented. -
The Evolution of an Armed Movement in Eastern Congo Rift Valley Institute | Usalama Project
RIFT VALLEY INSTITUTE | USALAMA PROJECT UNDERSTANDING CONGOLESE ARMED GROUPS FROM CNDP TO M23 THE EVOLUTION OF AN ARMED MOVEMENT IN EASTERN CONGO rift valley institute | usalama project From CNDP to M23 The evolution of an armed movement in eastern Congo jason stearns Published in 2012 by the Rift Valley Institute 1 St Luke’s Mews, London W11 1Df, United Kingdom. PO Box 30710 GPO, 0100 Nairobi, Kenya. tHe usalama project The Rift Valley Institute’s Usalama Project documents armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The project is supported by Humanity United and Open Square and undertaken in collaboration with the Catholic University of Bukavu. tHe rift VALLEY institute (RVI) The Rift Valley Institute (www.riftvalley.net) works in Eastern and Central Africa to bring local knowledge to bear on social, political and economic development. tHe AUTHor Jason Stearns, author of Dancing in the Glory of Monsters: The Collapse of the Congo and the Great War of Africa, was formerly the Coordinator of the UN Group of Experts on the DRC. He is Director of the RVI Usalama Project. RVI executive Director: John Ryle RVI programme Director: Christopher Kidner RVI usalama project Director: Jason Stearns RVI usalama Deputy project Director: Willy Mikenye RVI great lakes project officer: Michel Thill RVI report eDitor: Fergus Nicoll report Design: Lindsay Nash maps: Jillian Luff printing: Intype Libra Ltd., 3 /4 Elm Grove Industrial Estate, London sW19 4He isBn 978-1-907431-05-0 cover: M23 soldiers on patrol near Mabenga, North Kivu (2012). Photograph by Phil Moore. rigHts: Copyright © The Rift Valley Institute 2012 Cover image © Phil Moore 2012 Text and maps published under Creative Commons license Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/nc-nd/3.0. -
Democratic Republic of the Congo Ebola Situation Report North Kivu and Ituri
DRC EBOLA SITUATION REPORT 5 September 2018 Democratic Republic of the Congo Ebola Situation Report North Kivu and Ituri 5 September, 2018 SITUATION IN NUMBER 29 August, 2018 SITUATION IN NUMBER Highlights • 5 September, World Bank Chief of Health and UNICEF’s Representative 127 total reported cases conducted a high level mission to Beni and Mabalako Health Zone (MoH, 4 September 2018) • 4 September, a confirmed case has been identified in Butembo Health Zone, North Kivu province 96 confirmed cases • 3 September, schools have reopened in North Kivu and Ituri province. (MoH, 4 September 2018) During the last week, UNICEF strengthened its coverage in schools through the provision of handwashing facilities and infrared 87 deaths recorded thermometers, as well as its community engagement and Infection (MoH, 4 September 2018) Prevention and Control mechanisms in the affected areas • 31 August, was international traditional healers day. UNICEF and WHO 2265 contacts under surveillance participated in a workshop at the Mayor complex in Beni Health Zone and (MoH, 4 September 2018) discussed with 64 traditional healers about Ebola and its treatment. This exchange was valuable for all sides, as local traditional healers agreed to UNICEF Ebola Response take stronger protective measures and refer patients to medical experts if Appeal visited by patients with Ebola symptoms. US$ 7.624M UNICEF’s Response Target Result Ebola Response Funding # of at-risk people reached through community engagement Status 2018 and interpersonal communication approaches. (door-to- 3,600,000 2,731,224 door, church meetings, small-group training sessions, school Total classes, briefings with leaders and journalists, other) funding available* # of listed eligible people for ring vaccination informed of 6,393† 6,343 64% the benefits of the vaccine and convinced to receive the Funding vaccine within required protocols. -
In Search of Peace: an Autopsy of the Political Dimensions of Violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo
IN SEARCH OF PEACE: AN AUTOPSY OF THE POLITICAL DIMENSIONS OF VIOLENCE IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO By AARON ZACHARIAH HALE A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2009 1 © 2009 Aaron Zachariah Hale 2 To all the Congolese who helped me understand life’s difficult challenges, and to Fredline M’Cormack-Hale for your support and patience during this endeavor 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I was initially skeptical about attending The University of Florida (UF) in 2002 for a number of reasons, but attending UF has been one of the most memorable times of my life. I have been so fortunate to be given the opportunity to study African Politics in the Department of Political Science in a cozy little town like Gainesville. For students interested in Africa, UF’s Center for African Studies (CAS) has been such a fantastic resource and meeting place for all things African. Dr. Leonardo Villalón took over the management of CAS the same year and has led and expanded the CAS to reach beyond its traditional suit of Eastern and Southern African studies to now encompass much of the sub-region of West Africa. The CAS has grown leaps and bounds in recent years with recent faculty hires from many African and European countries to right here in the United States. In addition to a strong and committed body of faculty, I have seen in my stay of seven years the population of graduate and undergraduate students with an interest in Africa only swell, which bodes well for the upcoming generation of new Africanists. -
Beni-Oicha Profil De Zone Des Moyens D'existence
Profil de Zone de moyens d’existence République Démocratique du Congo Beni-Oicha Profil de Zone des Moyens d’Existence : Agriculture des Hautes Terres (Continuation Zone CD14/FEWS NET) Province du Nord-Kivu Juillet-Août 2019 1 Table des matières 1. Abréviations................................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Objectif de l’Etude Analyse des Moyens d’Existence .................................................................................... 4 3. Méthodologie de l’enquête ........................................................................................................................... 4 a. Collecte des données et échantillonnage .................................................................................................. 4 b. Prise en compte du genre dans la méthodologie de l’enquête ................................................................. 6 c. Les outils de collecte des données de l’enquête ....................................................................................... 6 4. Contexte ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 a. Caractéristiques de la Zone ........................................................................................................................ 7 b. Agriculture ................................................................................................................................................ -
Conflict and Displacement in Nord Kivu and Ituri Briefing Note – 14 May 2019
DRC Conflict and displacement in Nord Kivu and Ituri Briefing note – 14 May 2019 Since 1 May, attacks and clashes between armed groups and Congolese security forces triggered the displacement of more than 12,000 people in Nord Kivu and Ituri provinces in eastern DRC. Although exact numbers and humanitarian needs of newly displaced people are unknown, they add to more than 100,000 people who were displaced in Nord Kivu in April. Food, WASH, health, protection and shelter are reported as imminent needs of displaced people, who currently rely on host communities to meet their most basic needs. Anticipated scope and scale Key priorities Humanitarian constraints Attacks by armed groups, particularly the Allied Democratic Humanitarian access can be challenging in +12,000 Forces (ADF), have increased in frequency in recent eastern DRC due to the volatile security situation, people displaced months and are likely to trigger more displacement and remoteness, and poor condition of roads. The drive humanitarian needs in Nord Kivu and Ituri province. ongoing rainy season and an increase of attacks The lack of humanitarian assistance is likely to push WASH by the armed group ADF since December likely displaced communities to prematurely return to areas of further hampers access. assistance to prevent spread of origin, despite persistent protection concerns. diseases Displacement in Ebola-affected territories could Limitations Food & livelihoods facilitate spreading of the disease. IDPs resorting to informal Detailed and reliable information on security incidents and internal displacement is scarce in conflict-affected Nord Kivu. Local media provide crossings to Uganda, without screening, increase the risk of assistance for displaced people only fragmented insight into local security incidents in the provinces Ebola spreading to neighbouring countries. -
Experiences from the Operational Fields
Mission de l’Organisation des Nations Unies United Nations Organization Stabilization pour la Stabilisation en Mission in République Démocratique du Congo the Democratic Republic of the Congo MONUSCO UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CONGO Impact of Covid-19 “Challenges towards Peace Operations Training” Experiences from the OperationalRESTRICTED Fields 1 RESTRICTED AGENDA UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CONGO 1. Mission Context 2. Covid-19 Context 3. Challenges towards Operations Training 4. How we dealt? 5. Major achievements/Lessons learnt RESTRICTED 2 MONUSCO MISSION CONTEXT UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CONGO SC RESOLUTION 2502, Dec 2019 ✓ Protection of Civilians, UN Personnel, Installations, Equipments and freedom of movement of UN pers. ✓ Support and work with the authority of DRC. ✓ Neutralize armed groups. ✓ Monitor armed embargo. Mining: Encourage the setting-up of an effective national civilian structure to control the key mining activities. RESTRICTED 3 SECURITY SITUATION IN DRC UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CONGO • Security Situation in DRC remains friable • The total Rebels and AG’s, MAI MAI Militia (active and inactive) - 153 • Currently active : 77 • However; MONUSCO is RAIYA MUTOMBOKI working diligently to ward off any impending threat. • Deployment in areas is also in concert with merger of MM SIMBA AGs DRC APCLS ADF RESTRICTED 4 ARMED GROUPS OVERVIEW UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION STABILIZATION MISSION IN THE CONGO ITURI -
DRC INTEGRATED GOVERNANCE ACTIVITY (IGA) Annual Report - FY2020
DRC INTEGRATED GOVERNANCE ACTIVITY (IGA) Annual Report - FY2020 This publication was produced by the Integrated Governance Activity under Contract No. AID-660-C-17-00001 at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government. Program Title: Integrated Governance Activity (IGA) Sponsoring USAID Office: USAID DRC Contract Number: AID-660-C-17-00001 Contractor: DAI Global, LLC Date of Publication: October 30, 2020 This publication was produced by the Integrated Governance Activity under Contract No. AID-660-C-17-00001 at the request of the United States Agency for International Development. This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government. CONTENTS ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 2 ACTIVITY OVERVIEW/SUMMARY 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 ACTIVITY IMPLEMENTATION PROGRESS 6 INTEGRATION OF CROSSCUTTING ISSUES AND USAID FORWARD PRIORITIES 33 GENDER EQUALITY AND WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT 33 YOUTH ENGAGEMENT 39 LOCAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT 41 SUSTAINABILITY 45 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE 46 MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES 46 MONITORING, EVALUATION, AND LEARNING 48 INDICATORS 48 EVALUATION/ASSESSMENT STATUS AND/OR PLANS 59 CHALLENGES & LESSONS LEARNED 62 CHALLENGES 62 LESSONS LEARNED 62 ANNEXES 63 ANNEX A. COMMUNICATION AND OUTREACH MESSAGES 63 ANNEX B.