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Project of Strategic Interest NEXTDATA
Project of Strategic Interest NEXTDATA WP 1.2 - GAW-WMO climate observatories Deliverable D1.2.5 Report on the upgrade of GAW-WMO stations with Italian management and related to the SHARE project. WP Coordinator: Angela Marinoni CNR-ISAC Partners: CNR-ISAC, URT Ev-K2-CNR 1 Report on upgrade carried out at GAW Global Stations “O. Vittori” at Monte Cimone and Nepal Climate Observatory Pyramid in the Himalayas 1. “O. Vittori” at Monte Cimone (2165 m, Northern Appenines) The upgrades carried out at Monte Cimone station concern aerosol, gases and radiation measurements. In particular the following measurement programs have been upgraded: - Aerosol size distribution from 10 nm to 800 nm has been completely renewed according to GAW/ACTRIS recommendations. - Aerosol scattering coefficient measured since 2007 at 525 nm has been upgraded with measurement in two additional wave lengths: 450 and 700 nm. Moreover, the following measurement programs have been newly started: - The aerosol size distribution from 500 nm to 20 µm based on time of flight was set up in July 2013. - Radiation measurement program (feasibility study). - Continuous nitrogen oxides (NOx), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) measurements suitable for remote high-mountain stations (on test at Bologna laboratories). - Continuous of (SO2) sulfur dioxide measurements is on test in Bologna laboratories, ready for installation at CMN station. - Observations of aerosol vertical profiles have been carried out at Mt. Cimone. After a test installation in October 2012, several improvements were carried out in order to guarantee continuous observations also during winter season. I. Aerosol size distribution from 10 nm to 800 nm The number size distribution of atmospheric aerosol particles is a basic, but essential parameter required in calculations of the effects of aerosols on climate, human health, and eco-systems. -
Climate Signals in a Multispecies Tree-Ring Network from Central And
Clim. Past Discuss., doi:10.5194/cp-2017-48, 2017 Manuscript under review for journal Clim. Past Discussion started: 17 March 2017 c Author(s) 2017. CC-BY 3.0 License. 1 Climate signals in a multispecies tree-ring network from central and 2 southern Italy and reconstruction of the late summer temperatures 3 since the early 1700s 4 5 Giovanni Leonelli1, Anna Coppola2, Maria Cristina Salvatore2, Carlo Baroni2,3, Giovanna Battipaglia4,5, 6 Tiziana Gentilesca6, Francesco Ripullone6, Marco Borghetti6, Emanuele Conte7, Roberto Tognetti7, Marco 7 Marchetti7, Fabio Lombardi8, Michele Brunetti9, Maurizio Maugeri9,10, Manuela Pelfini11, Paolo 8 Cherubini12, Antonello Provenzale3, Valter Maggi1,3 9 10 1 Università degli Studi di Milano–Bicocca — Dept. of Earth and Environmental Science 11 2 Università degli Studi di Pisa — Dept. of Earth Science 12 3 Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa 13 4 Università della Campania — Dept. DiSTABiF 14 5 University of Montpellier 2 (France) — PALECO EPHE 15 6 Università degli Studi della Basilicata — School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, Potenza 16 7 Università degli Studi del Molise — Dept. of Bioscience and Territory 17 8 Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria — Dept. of Agronomy 18 9 Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del Clima, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna 19 10 Università degli Studi di Milano — Dept. of Physics 20 11 Università degli Studi di Milano — Dept. of Earth Science 21 12 Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL (Switzerland) 22 Correspondence to: Giovanni Leonelli ([email protected]) 23 Abstract. A first assessment of the main climatic drivers that modulate the tree-ring width (RW) and maximum latewood 24 density (MXD) along the Italian Peninsula and northeastern Sicily was performed using 27 forest sites, which include conifers 25 (RW and MXD) and broadleaves (only RW). -
Gear Brands List & Lexicon
Gear Brands List & Lexicon Mountain climbing is an equipment intensive activity. Having good equipment in the mountains increases safety and your comfort level and therefore your chance of having a successful climb. Alpine Ascents does not sell equipment nor do we receive any outside incentive to recommend a particular brand name over another. Our recommendations are based on quality, experience and performance with your best interest in mind. This lexicon represents years of in-field knowledge and experience by a multitude of guides, teachers and climbers. We have found that by being well-equipped on climbs and expeditions our climbers are able to succeed in conditions that force other teams back. No matter which trip you are considering you can trust the gear selection has been carefully thought out to every last detail. People new to the sport often find gear purchasing a daunting chore. We recommend you examine our suggested brands closely to assist in your purchasing decisions and consider renting gear whenever possible. Begin preparing for your trip as far in advance as possible so that you may find sale items. As always we highly recommend consulting our staff of experts prior to making major equipment purchases. A Word on Layering One of the most frequently asked questions regarding outdoor equipment relates to clothing, specifically (and most importantly for safety and comfort), proper layering. There are Four basic layers you will need on most of our trips, including our Mount Rainier programs. They are illustrated below: Underwear -
Rifugio Campo Imperatore + Center for Ecotourism and Cultural Creativity
CAMPO IMPERATORE Center for Ecotourism + Cultural Creativity ANALYSIS, RESEARCH AND DESIGN FOR THE REQUALIFICATION OF NEGLECTED SPACES Prepared by Elsa G. De Leon ENVIRONMENT LOCATION Parco Nazionale del Gran Sasso e Monti della Laga Provincia di Terramo Urbino Provincia Marche di Pescara Abruzzo Campo L’Aquila Provincia Imperatore Lazio di Chieti Roma Campo Imperatore Parco Nazionale della Parco Nazionale Provincia Majella dell’Aquila d’Abruzzo ABRUZZO - ITALY. Italian Region. PROVINCIA DELL’AQUILA. Abruzzo Province. GRAN SASSO. National Park. CAMPO IMPERATORE. Alpine meadow. ASCOLIPICENO CULTURAL + VALUES SAN GIACOMO L’ecomuseo di Valle Castellana Ripe Valle Castellana Lago di CEPPO Campotosto L’ecomuseo di Lago di Valle Castellana Campotosto TERAMO AMATRICE CAMPOTOSTO PIETRACAMELA ISOLA DEL GRAN SASSO Arsita Prati di Tivo S. Pietro CAMPO IMPERATORE Museo del Camoscio Orto Botanico Appenninico di San Colombo FONTE VETICA FONTE CERRETO Farindola Arischia Assergi LAGO RACOLLO S. Stefano di Sessanio L’AQUILA Barisciano Calascio PARCO NAZIONALE L’Aquila Centro GRAN SASSO E MONTI DELLA LAGA Visite Fiume Tirino Bussi sul Tirino Historic Center km 0 1 2 3 4 5 km ENVIRONMENTAL + CULTURAL VALUES 150.000 3 5 44 HECTARES REGIONS PROVINCES MUNICIPALITIES BIODIVERSITY AGRO-BIODIVERSITY 51 In danger flora Cereals Solina, Farro Rosso 59 Spontaneous Orchids Legumes Lentils of Santo Stefano di Sessanio 2 Carnivorous plants Vegetables Red Potato Aromatic Plants Tansy, Customary 2364 Register Plants Fruit Trees Apples, figs, Mediterranean hack berry, almonds -
From Brunate to Monte Piatto Easy Trail Along the Mountain Side , East from Como
1 From Brunate to Monte Piatto Easy trail along the mountain side , east from Como. From Torno it is possible to get back to Como by boat all year round. ITINERARY: Brunate - Monte Piatto - Torno WALKING TIME: 2hrs 30min ASCENT: almost none DESCENT: 400m DIFFICULTY: Easy. The path is mainly flat. The last section is a stepped mule track downhill, but the first section of the path is rather rugged. Not recommended in bad weather. TRAIL SIGNS: Signs to “Montepiatto” all along the trail CONNECTIONS: To Brunate Funicular from Como, Piazza De Gasperi every 30 minutes From Torno to Como boats and buses no. C30/31/32 ROUTE: From the lakeside road Lungo Lario Trieste in Como you can reach Brunate by funicular. The tram-like vehicle shuffles between the lake and the mountain village in 8 minutes. At the top station walk down the steps to turn right along via Roma. Here you can see lots of charming buildings dating back to the early 20th century, the golden era for Brunate’s tourism, like Villa Pirotta (Federico Frigerio, 1902) or the fountain called “Tre Fontane” with a Campari advertising bas-relief of the 30es. Turn left to follow via Nidrino, and pass by the Chalet Sonzogno (1902). Do not follow via Monte Rosa but instead walk down to the sportscentre. At the end of the football pitch follow the track on the right marked as “Strada Regia.” The trail slowly works its way down to the Monti di Blevio . Ignore the “Strada Regia” which leads to Capovico but continue straight along the flat path until you reach Monti di Sorto . -
SNOWCRAFT and AVALANCHES. Gerald Seligman
• . SNOWCRAFT AND AVALANCHES energy and we regained our sleeping qu.arters. after twelve hours. By British standards the climb might be classed just ' very difficult., Apart from these two climbs I was only able to take part in two other 'big expeditions : a second traverse of the Corno Piccolo S. ridge led by one of the L.R.D.G. and the ascent of Torrione Cambi by the -Camino Iannetta and central peak of the Corno Grande, led by J ames Joyce. This was our last expedition and to me at all events it was severe. The route followed the s. face of the Corno Grande to the Forchetta del Ca:lderone. Here the serious work started and the ·next 300 ft. took fo~r hours. The lower part of the chimney ·was ·steep ice up which steps had to be cut. Hal~way up the gradient ·eased off to be followed by a perpendicular, if not overhanging section. 'This latter part was severe. From the summit of the Torrione Cambi the central summit was gained quite easily. For th~ descent we roped =down using a very rickety piton _for the bottom section. · · _There are many other magnificent ~limbs in this area: the traverse of all three peaks of the Corno Grande done by Douglas Side, E. toW., in fourteen hours from the hotel ~ . the Tre Spalle or W. ridge of the ~ Corno ·Piccolo which was done twice, I think, by James Joyce probably one of the finest climbs in the district ; 8 .S .E. arete of the :Corno Grande which should only be attempted under summer condi tions and defeated a strong American party, and many more climbs of all shades of difficulty. -
Toponymy of Climbing Space: Names Within the Polish Climbing Community
Toponymy of Climbing Space: Names Within the Polish Climbing Community Mariusz Rutkowski University of Warmia and Mazury Social groups create social space from geographic space in ways which are useful to their members. The nature of the social space can be approached through the names which are used to define it. A study of the names in the "climbing space" created by Polish climbers shows that they are l;lsed in ways which are meaningful only within the context of climbing and they serve to express group values and to promote group solidarity. The perception of mountains or more particularly the perception of the surrounding space, is conditioned by social as well as geographical factors; one important social factor is membership in a particular social group and engaging in the kinds of activies associated with it. Social groups have their own characteristic spatial activities, which determine the perception of space characteristic of them. This perception should be understood as a mental reflection of physical (objective) reality rather than as passive reception. The perception is a dynamic process in which a group delineates space, which results in the creation of a particular kind of social space (Lefebvre 1974). Creation of space is understood in its cultural and symbolic meaning, and not as creation of physical spatial forms (e.g., buildings), but as distinguishing from the surround- ing reality such objects as may be attributed to a specific type of activity. 1 Therefore, social space can be defined as symbolic space, perceived and mentally processed by a particular group, and the creation of such an understood social space is a prerequisite for successfully realizing the activities which are important to that group. -
Ski Mountaineering Gear List Antarctica Adventure & Ski Cruise
2021 SKI MOUNTAINEERING GEAR LIST ANTARCTICA ADVENTURE & SKI CRUISE This is an extensive list that will allow for a participant to access the most extreme of terrain. Please contact Ice Axe with any questions. We do not provide gear rentals and suggest you contact your local gear shop should you need to rent any equipment. ALPINE TOURING (AT) BOOTS, SKIS & BINDINGS AT Boots – all purpose, long tours Scarpa Maestrale 1.0 Dynafit TLT8 Mountain CR Salomon MTN Lab Dalbello Quantum Free 130 AT Skis – approximately 90-105mm under foot is recommended. Black Diamond Carbon Aspect K2 Wayback 96 Dynafit Denali AT Tech Bindings (works only on boots with Tech fittings, i.e. Dynafit. Recommended.) Dynafit TLT Radical ST Marker Kingpin 10 AT Black Diamond Fritschi Vipec 12 AT Frame Bindings (works with all AT or Alpine boots) Fritschi Freeride Pro Marker Tour F12 EPF AT Marker Alpinist 12 TELEMARK (Tele) BOOTS, SKIS & BINDINGS (Alternative to Alpine Touring) Tele Boots – Scarpa T2 Eco Telemark Boot Tele Binding – Voile Switchback Tele Skis - Voile V6 Ski CLIMBING SKINS (AT or Tele) – Pre-cut or cut-to-fit. A tip/tail attachment is helpful for the cold temperatures. Black Diamond Glide Lite G3 Expedition Skins Dynafit Denali Speedskin (only fits Dynafit Denali skis) SPLITBOARD SET-UP Ski brakes or leashes recommended for glacier travel. Hard shell boots are preferred for use with boot crampons or hiking on firm snow. Ski poles – adjustable length (optional). Climbing skins (snowshoes and/or booting is discouraged for long tours). Releasable bindings may increase your chances of surviving an avalanche. -
Annapurna I, East Ridge, Third Ascent. One of the Most Nota
C LIMBS A ND E XP E DITIONS : N E PA L 375 Nepal ANNAPURNA HIMAL Annapurna I, east ridge, third ascent. One of the most nota- ble accomplishments of the season was the second two- way traverse of the east ridge of Annapurna I (8,091m). When the well-known Pol- ish climber, Piotr Pustelnik, organized his four-man team for this task, he was well aware of the difficulties they would confront on this huge ridge, which starts from Tarke Kang (a.k.a. Glacier Dome, 7,193m) in the east and runs westward over Roc Noir to the three 8,000m summits of Annapurna. However, he did not anticipate the addition of two not-so-highly skilled Tibetans on his permit and the problems one of them would present. The first ascent of the east ridge, which resulted in an elegant traverse of Annapurna, ranks with some of the most significant events in the history of Himalayan climbing. The ridge was first attempted by Germans in 1969, and again in 1981 by a Swedish team, the latter getting as far as the East Summit of Annapurna. Both approached via the West Annapurna Glacier and the east side of the col north of Fluted Peak. In September and October 1984 a six-man expedition entirely formed of Swiss guides, established four camps from the South Annapurna Glacier, climbing to the col between Fluted Peak and Tarke Kang from the more difficult but less dangerous west side, then, in common with the Germans and Swedes, up the ridge above to Tarke Kang itself. -
Craig Allison School of Geography & Earth Sciences, Mcmaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Creating a Map of Terrain Regions for Italy using Digital Elevation Models Craig Allison School of Geography & Earth Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada 1. Introduction 3. Results 3. Results (continued) The primary purpose of this project is to divide Italy into a Table 2: Comparison of DEMs by % of cells per terrain region type for Italy map of terrain regions using digital elevation models (DEMs) and a fully automated approach. Automation of % of Cells in Each Terrain Region Type traditional (manual) landform classification mapping is appealing because it is consistent, repeatable, updatable, DEM Plains w/ Hills and High Plains Tablelands hills or low and quantifiable. Terrain regions themselves are important Product mountains because they define boundary conditions for mountains mountains geomorphologic, hydrologic, ecologic, and pedologic ASTER 22.7 1.2 6.1 58.4 11.7 processes [1]. Further, they impact where human activities take place on the landscape. Italy has been chosen as the SRTM 24.6 1.6 8.9 53.3 11.6 study area because the most current effort at delineating (30m) terrain regions [2] can be significantly improved. SRTM 24.9 2.1 10.9 51.0 11.2 Specifically, these regions were derived using coarse (90m) resolution DEMs, highly correlated morphometric variables, and manual qualitative techniques that are not SRTM 30m and SRTM 90m DEM terrain region maps have repeatable. closer percentages of cells assigned to plains, plains with hills or mountains, and hills and low mountains (i.e. 3/5 This study has four objectives: terrain region types) (Table 2). Of all five terrain region 1. -
Taternik 3-4 1965
http://pza.org.pl SPIS TREŚCI Oni wprowadzili nas w Tatry (Ryszard Ziemak) 73 „Polacy na szczytach świata" (Jacek Kolbuszewski) 74 Spitsbergen 1965. Wyprawa Koła Poz nańskiego (Ryszard W, Schramm). 77 Aiguille Verte w zimie (Jerzy Michal ski) • 83 Zima 1964/1965 w Tatrach 85 Porachunki z latem (Jerzy Jagodziński) 86 W najtrudniejszej ścianie Tatr (Kazi mierz Głazek) 89 Spotkanie UIAA na Hali Gąsienico wej (Bogdan Mac) 91 Szwajcaria — Polska (Jan Kowalczyk i Antoni Janik) 94 Lato wokół Mont Blanc (Janusz Kur- czab) . 95 Obóz letni w Chamonix 1965 (Jerzy Warteresiewicz) 93 Na stażu w ENSA, 1965 (Maciej Popko) 99 W górach Grecji (Maciej Kozłowski) 100 Casus Gliwice (Józef Nyka) 101 Alpiniści angielscy w Tatrach (Andrzej Kuś) 102 Zginął Lionel Terray (Andrzej Pacz kowski) 105 Problemy w Elbsandsteingebirge (Józef Nyka) 106 Dr Kazimierz Saysse-Tobiczyk, naj młodszy ze starszych panów (Adam Chowański) 107 Drobiazgi historyczne 111 Taternictwo jaskiniowe 112 Skalne drogi w Tatrach 114 Nowe drogi w Dolomitach 120 Itineraria alpejskie 122 Narciarstwo wysokogórskie 123 Karta żałobna 124 Z życia Klubu Wysokogórskiego . 126 Z piśmiennictwa 129 Notatki, ciekawostki 130 Sprostowania i uzupełnienia 134 Przednia okładka: Członek GOPR, Zbigniew Jabłoński, podczas wspinaczki na Mnichu. Fot. Ryszard Ziemak Obok: Kozi Wierch znad Czarnego Stawu pod Kościelcem. Fot. Ryszard Ziemak http://pza.org.pl Taternik Organ Klubu Wysokogórskiego Rocznik 41 Warszawa, 1965 nr 3 - 4 (188 - 189 Oni ujproiuadzili nas UJ Tatry W dniach 23 i 24 października 1965 r. sy. Aktualne wykazy nazwisk przynosiły odbyły się w Zakopanem centralne uroczy drukowane przewodniki, a także roczniki stości jubileuszowe przewodnictwa tatrzań „Pamiętnika Towarzystwa Tatrzańskiego". -
2019 Trekking Gear List Antarctica Adventure & Ski Cruise
2019 TREKKING GEAR LIST ANTARCTICA ADVENTURE & SKI CRUISE This list will allow for a participant to access trekking terrain. We do not provide gear rentals and suggest you contact your local gear shop should you need to rent any equipment. Should you choose not to bring the required equipment we cannot guarantee participation in trekking activities. TREKKING GEAR Snowshoes - Tubbs Wilderness Series Snowshoe - MSR Lightning Explore - Atlas 10 Series Snowshoe Waterproof boots. Your boots will need to be waterproof and high enough to keep the snow out. You may consider a combination of snowboots with gaitors as an option as well. (The rubber boots provided on the boat are very flimsy and will not be great for snowshoeing). - Baffin Evolution Boot – Men’s - Salomon Toundra Mid WP Winter Boot – Women’s - Sorel Cumberland Boot – Women’s Poles - Black Diamond Pure Distance Carbon FLZ Trekking Poles (carbon version) - Black Diamond Distance FLZ Trekking Pole (aluminum version) - Black Diamond Whippet Self Arrest Pole (hybrid ski pole & ice axe) Ice Axe – 50cm+, light alloy shaft and steel pick are recommended. - Black Diamond Raven Pro (lightweight glacier & snow axe) - Petzl Glacier Ice Axe (lightweight glacier & snow axe) Ice Axe Tip & Spike Protector (important for Zodiac loading) - Black Diamond Pick and Spike Protectors - Petzl Pick & Spike Protectors Light Ski Mountaineering Harness - Black Diamond Couloir Harness (minimal ski harness) - Black Diamond Alpine Bod Harness (very basic alpine harness) Screw-gate Locking Carabiner - 1x (pear-shaped is preferred). - Black Diamond Nitron Screw Gate Locking Carabiner - Petzl Spirit 3D Screw Gate Locking Carabiner Standard Carabiner – 1x (non locking) - Black Diamond Hotwire Carabiner (good all around carabiner) - Black Diamond Neutrino Carabiner (small, superlight) Trek Gear List - Antarctica 2019 Page 1 Ski Pack (25 to 35 liter with a strap system to carry skis.