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Patagonian Toothfish FAO-ASFIS Code Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 STATUS REPORT Dissostichus eleginoides Common Name: Patagonian toothfish FAO-ASFIS Code: TOP 2019 Updated 22 November, 2019 South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 1 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Description of the fishery ........................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Description of fishing vessels and fishing gear ................................................................................. 3 1.2 Spatial and temporal distribution of fishing ..................................................................................... 5 1.3 Reported retained catches and discards ........................................................................................... 9 1.4 IUU .................................................................................................................................................... 9 2. Stock distribution and identity .................................................................................................................. 11 3. Data available for assessments, life history parameters and other population information ..................... 12 3.1 Samplings ............................................................................................................................................. 12 3.2 Length data and frequency distribution .......................................................................................... 12 3.3 Length-weight relationships ............................................................................................................ 14 3.4 Age data and growth parameters .................................................................................................... 14 3.5 Reproductive parameters ................................................................................................................ 14 3.6 Natural mortality ............................................................................................................................. 14 3.7 Feeding and trophic relationships (including species interaction) ................................................ 14 3.8 Tagging and migration .................................................................................................................... 14 4. Stock assessment status ............................................................................................................................ 14 5. Incidental catch ......................................................................................................................................... 14 In this section, incidental catch (VME species, seabird, mammals and turtles) are reported. ................... 14 5.1 Invertebrate bycatch (VME taxa) ......................................................................................................... 14 5.2 Incidental mortality (seabirds, mammals and turtles) .................................................................... 16 5.4 Bycatch mitigation methods (Sea birds) ......................................................................................... 16 6. Lost and abandoned gear ...................................................................................................................... 16 6. Current conservation measures and management advice ......................................................................... 17 7. References ................................................................................................................................................. 19 ANNEX A: Retained and discarded bycatch in Patagonian toothfish LL fishery ----------------------------- 20 ANNEX B: Summary of biological data collected ---------------------------------------------------------------- 26 South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 2 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 1. Description of the fishery 1.1 Description of fishing vessels and fishing gear Fishing for Patagonian toothfish in the SEAFO Convention Area (CA) started around 2002. Japan is the main fishing country that fished continuously for 17 years (2003-2019), while Republic of Korea, Spain and South Africa fished for some years (1-4 years). Table 1 shows the list of Patagonian toothfish bottom longline vessels and their specifications. Historically a maximum of three vessels per year fished in the SEAFO CA. The Spanish longline system and the trotline used by Japan (Fig. 1) are the fishing gears commonly used. Table 1: List of Patagonian toothfish bottom longline vessels and their specifications Year ves_Name ves_Flag ves_Callsign ves_IMO ves_Gear_Type ves_Length ves_Tonnage 2009 JUNGWOO NO2 KOR DTBQ4 8509961 LL 911 2009 JUNGWOO NO3 KOR DTBV7 8421078 LL 494 2009 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2010 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2010 VIKING BAY ESP EAWJ LL 43.5 692 2011 KORYO MARU 11 RSA ZR7955 8603896 LL 10.4 336 2011 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2012 KORYO MARU 11 RSA ZR7955 8603896 LL 10.4 336 2012 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2013 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2014 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2015 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2016 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2017 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2018 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 2019 SHINSEI MARU NO3 JPN JAAL 8520094 LL 47.2 495 South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 3 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 Figure 1: Fishing gears used to fish D. eleginoides: Spanish longline system (top) and the trotline used by Japan (bottom). South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 4 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 1.2 Spatial and temporal distribution of fishing In SEAFO CA, the fishery has been conducted in Sub-Area D, being concentrated over seamounts in Division D1, at Discovery seamount (central part of Sub-Area D) and at seamounts located in the western part of Sub-Area D (Fig. 2). 2009 2010 2011 South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 5 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 2012 2013 2014 South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 6 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 2015 2016 2017 South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 7 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 2018 2019 (provisional, September) Figure 2: Spatial-temporal catch distribution of Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) (2009-2019) (2019 provisional) (September, 2019) South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 8 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 Table 2 shows the summary of fishing efforts (number of sets and hooks) by year and area (2009-2019). Table 2: Summary of fishing efforts (number of sets and hooks) by year and area (2009-2019) Area Western Meteor(D1) Discovery Effort set # of hooks set # hooks set # hooks 2009 46 246,460 233 1,371,657 3 24,840 2010 27 171,000 118 547,376 5 38,880 2011 1 2,400 54 193,500 207 821,112 2012 68 258,880 25 116,700 207 919,275 2013 57 263,305 108 434,160 2014 100 402,000 13 52,260 64 257,280 2015 127 560,715 24 96,480 2016 67 269,340 22 88,440 2017 34 136,680 2018 100 455,680 2019(*) 75 210,768 (*) Preliminary (September) 1.3 Reported retained catches and discards Table 3A presents data on Patagonian toothfish catches and discards (2002-2019) listed by country, as well as fishing gear used and the management area from which catches were taken. Annual catches varied between 12t (2017) and 393t (2003). Table3B show Atlantic toothfish (Dissostichus mawsoni) catch and discards Discards were mainly due to parasite infection of fish. In the last three years with complete data (2016, 2017 and 2018) retained catches were 60, 12 and 57t respectively and the annual weight of discarded specimens was less than 2 t in the three years period. Retained and discarded bycatch from the Patagonian toothfish fishery are presented in Annex A. The two most important species (in terms of weight) are grenadiers (GRV) and blue antimora (ANT). 1.4 IUU IUU fishing activity in the SEAFO CA has been reported to the Secretariat in 2012 and 2015-2016. In 2015-2016 it was reported that one IUU vessel caught 92 tonnes of Patagonian toothfish. South East Atlantic Fisheries Organization [SEAFO] 9 Stock Status Report: Patagonian toothfish [TOP] DOC/SC/07/2019 Table 3A: Catches (tons) of Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) by South Africa, Spain, Japan and Korea (2002-2019) BOLIVI Nation Spain Japan Korea South Africa A (IUU) Fishing Longli Longlines Longlines Longlines Longlines method nes Manage Unkno ment D D0 D1 D0 D1 D0 D1 wn Area Reta Disc Reta Disca Reta Disca Reta Disca Reta Disca Reta Disca Reta Disca Retain Year in ard in rd in rd in rd in rd in rd in rd ed 2002 18 2003 101 47 245 2004 6 124 2005 N/F N/F 158 10 2006 11 155 2007 N/F 166 2008 N/F N/F 122 0 N/F N/F 76 2009 N/F N/F N/F N/F 74 0 16 0 46 0 N/F N/F N/F N/F 2010 26 0 N/F N/F 54 2 N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F 2011 N/F N/F 159 6 N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F 15 0 28 0 2012 N/F N/F 86 3 N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F 24 0 12 0 2013 N/F N/F 41 2 19 1 N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F 2014 N/F N/F 47 <1 6 <1 N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F N/F 2015 N/F N/F 52 <1 7 <1 N/F
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