Vice President U Myint Swe: Government Succeeds in Reopening Kyin San Kyawt Gate
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Lower Chindwin District Volume A
BURMA GAZETTEER LOWER CHINDWIN DISTRICT UPPER BURMA RANGOON OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT, GOVERNMENT PRINTING, BURMA TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE PART A. THE DISTRICT 1-211 Chapter I. Physical Description 1-20 Boundaries 1 The culturable portion 2 Rivers: the Chindwin; the Mu 3 The Alaungdaw gorge 4 Lakes ib. Diversity of the district ib. Area 5: Surveys ib. Geology 6 Petroliferous areas ib. Black-soil areas; red soils ib. Volcanic rocks 7 Explosion craters ib. Artesian wells 8 Saline efflorescence ib. Rainfall and climate 9 Fauna: quadrupeds; reptiles and lizards; game birds; predatory birds 9-15 Hunting: indigenous methods 16 Game fish 17 Hunting superstitions 18 Chapter II, History and Archæology 20-28 Early history 20 History after the Annexation of 1885 (a) east of the Chindwin; (b) west of the Chindwin: the southern portion; (c) the northern portion; (d) along the Chindwin 21-24 Archæology 24-28 The Register of Taya 25 CONTENTS. PAGE The Alaungdaw Katthapa shrine 25 The Powindaung caves 26 Pagodas ib. Inscriptions 27 Folk-lore: the Bodawgyi legend ib. Chapter III. The People 28-63 The main stock 28 Traces of admixture of other races ib. Population by census: densities; preponderance of females 29-32 Towns and large villages 32 Social and religious life: Buddhism and sects 33-35 The English Wesleyan Mission; Roman Catholics 35 Animism: the Alôn and Zidaw festivals 36 Caste 37 Standard of living: average agricultural income; the food of the people; the house; clothing; expenditure on works of public utility; agricultural stock 38-42 Agricultural indebtedness 42 Land values: sale and mortgage 48 Alienations to non-agriculturists 50 Indigence 51 Wages ib. -
Hans Wurm’S Ringbuch C
Hans Wurm’s Ringbuch c. 1507 - A Translation and Commentary By Keith P. Myers Exclusively for the ARMA, March 2002 The manuscript you see here is thought to have originated in approximately 1500 in the workshop of the Landshut woodcutter and printer Hans Wurm. “Landshut” could be translated as “grounds keeper”, which may go along with the description of Wurm as a “woodcutter” as well as a printer. Dr. Sydney Anglo, senior ARMA advisor and leading scholar of historical fencing, describes Wurm’s work as an “experimental and rudimentary block book”, and notes that it may have been one of the earliest printed treatises produced. The author remains anonymous, and only one copy is known to survive. It is thought to consist of the actual colored test prints made from the original wood blocks. It is unclear whether the Ringbuch was ever actually widely published. It was, however, plagiarized on at least two occasions. These later reproductions referred to the manuscript as “Das Landshuter Ringerbuch.” Although they demonstrate some dialect differences, these copies almost directly correlate with Wurm’s Ringbuch. Both likely arose independently of each other, and where based directly upon Wurm’s earlier work. The first copy is dated to approximately 1507. It does not designate the exact year, the author, the printer, or the locale. While it places the techniques in the same order as Wurm, the grapplers in the illustrations are dressed in a completely different fashion than in Wurm’s Ringbuch. The second copy is dated to approximately 1510. It originated from the Augsberg printer Hannsen Sittich. -
The Origins and Historical Development of Silambam Fencing
The Origin & Historical Development of Silambam Fencing © 1988 by Dr. David Manuel Raj Contact: [email protected]; cell phone # 9884061557 or 9840020766 This research paper written in 1988 by Dr. David Manuel Raj, pictured below, was selected by the xxiv Seoul Olympic Scientific Congress (South Korea) and scheduled to be read on September 10, 1988 at one of the seminar halls at the Danhook University Campus in Seoul, South Korea. The Origin & Historical Development of Silambam Fencing: An Ancient Self- Defense Sport of India INTRODUCTION Etymologically Silambam is an onomatopoeic term for the swishing sound produced when an elastic cane bamboo, uniform in cross section and of a length which is a little less than that of the performer, is brandished with power and hit against another in the process of dueling (1). The purpose of this study was to trace the origin and the historical development of Silambam Fencing, a Dravidian Martial Sport of Tamil civilization, India from pre- historic time to the 20th Century A. D. METHOD This study was undertaken mainly by Library Research Method. HISTORY OF SILAMBAM FENCING BEFORE CHRIST According to Rapson, E. J. (2) several millennia before the Christian Era, the greater part of India was inhabited by Dravidians. Rajagopalan, K. (3) writes: Stick fight (Silambam Fencing) of Dravidians using cane bamboos is predominantly a prehistoric method of defense and attack. Paleolithic and Neolithic man found it quite handy in South India as a weapon for defense and attack against animal and human foes. Iyengar, S. (4) records: Single stick (wand of male bamboo) fencing is prevalent still in South India right from the Stone Age. -
An Analytical Study on Wrestling in India
International Journal of Enhanced Research in Educational Development (IJERED), ISSN: 2320-8708 Vol. 2, Issue 5, Sept.-Oct., 2014, pp: (10-15), Impact Factor: 1.125, Available online at: www.erpublications.com An analytical study on Wrestling in India Rekha Narwal MKJK College, MDU Rohtak, Haryana, India Abstract: This manuscript gives an analytical study on Wrestling in India. In preparing young wrestlers (16-17 years of age) the design often follows a relatively well-developed system of training for adult masters of sport. In general, the youthful body is characterized by a high intensity cardio-respiratory and blood systems during physical stress. So far, no data on the impact of intense competitive activity on the dynamics of individual aspects of preparedness of young wrestlers is available. Our objective was to study the impact of competitive activity on the functional training state in young wrestlers. Keywords: Competitions, Rules, Female Wrestling, Factor Analysis, Technique Wrestlers, training, weight management. INTRODUCTION Wrestling is unique among athletics. It is considered to be one of the most physically demanding sports among high school and college athletics. Wrestling was one of the most favored events in the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece. The first organized national wrestling tournament took place in New York City in 1888. From the Athens Games in 1896, until today, the wrestling events are also an important part of the modern Olympic Games. The International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles (FILA) originated in 1912 in Antwerp, Belgium. The 1st NCAA Wrestling Championships were also held in 1912, in Ames, Iowa. USA Wrestling, located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, became the national governing body of amateur wrestling in 1983. -
Martial Arts from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia for Other Uses, See Martial Arts (Disambiguation)
Martial arts From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia For other uses, see Martial arts (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2011) Martial arts are extensive systems of codified practices and traditions of combat, practiced for a variety of reasons, including self-defense, competition, physical health and fitness, as well as mental and spiritual development. The term martial art has become heavily associated with the fighting arts of eastern Asia, but was originally used in regard to the combat systems of Europe as early as the 1550s. An English fencing manual of 1639 used the term in reference specifically to the "Science and Art" of swordplay. The term is ultimately derived from Latin, martial arts being the "Arts of Mars," the Roman god of war.[1] Some martial arts are considered 'traditional' and tied to an ethnic, cultural or religious background, while others are modern systems developed either by a founder or an association. Contents [hide] • 1 Variation and scope ○ 1.1 By technical focus ○ 1.2 By application or intent • 2 History ○ 2.1 Historical martial arts ○ 2.2 Folk styles ○ 2.3 Modern history • 3 Testing and competition ○ 3.1 Light- and medium-contact ○ 3.2 Full-contact ○ 3.3 Martial Sport • 4 Health and fitness benefits • 5 Self-defense, military and law enforcement applications • 6 Martial arts industry • 7 See also ○ 7.1 Equipment • 8 References • 9 External links [edit] Variation and scope Martial arts may be categorized along a variety of criteria, including: • Traditional or historical arts and contemporary styles of folk wrestling vs. -
Asian Traditions of Wellness
BACKGROUND PAPER Asian Traditions of Wellness Gerard Bodeker DISCLAIMER This background paper was prepared for the report Asian Development Outlook 2020 Update: Wellness in Worrying Times. It is made available here to communicate the results of the underlying research work with the least possible delay. The manuscript of this paper therefore has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formally-edited texts. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. The ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this document and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or use of the term “country” in this document, is not intended to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this document do not imply any judgment on the part of the ADB concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. ASIAN TRADITIONS OF WELLNESS Gerard Bodeker, PhD Contents I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. -
The Use of Functional Training – Crossfit Methods to Improve the Level of Special Training of Athletes Who Specialize in Combat Sambo
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Siberian Federal University Digital Repository The use of functional training – crossfit methods to improve the level of special training of athletes who specialize in combat sambo. ALEKSANDER OSIPOV1, 2, MIKHAIL KUDRYAVTSEV1, 3,4,5, KONSTANTIN GATILOV1, TATYANA ZHAVNER1,4, YULYA KLIMUK1, EKATERINA PONOMAREVA1, ANNA VAPAEVA1, POLINA FEDOROVA1, EVGENY GAPPEL4, ALEKSANDER KARNAUKHOV4 1Siberian Federal University, 2Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after professor V.F. Voyno- Yasenetsky, 3Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, 4Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V. P. Astafiev, 5Siberian Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affair of Russia, Krasnoyarsk, RUSSIA E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The article is devoted to the search for effective methods of training effects on athletes specializing in combat sambo. It was revealed that the main criterion determining the success of combat sambo wrestlers in the competitive activity will be the level of their special training. Moreover, this training includes special endurance of athletes, active dynamics of competitive contests and the speed of recovery of fighters after intense training and competitive loads. Besides, to increase the level of special endurance combat sambo wrestlers significantly it was suggested to include in the training process of combat athletes the method of intensive functional training - crossfit. In a year of studies the tests on the evaluation of the level of recovery of combat athletes after a specific load showed that the athletes using the training method - crossfit in their training sessions demonstrated significantly (P <0.05) the best recovery time after the load than the wrestlers who did not use this technique. -
By Peter Dell ' O Rto and S Ean Punch
BY P ETER D ELL’ORTO AND S EAN P UNCH Written by PETER DELL’ORTO and SEAN PUNCH Additional Material by VOLKER BACH and C.J. CARELLA Edited by SEAN PUNCH Cover Art by BOB STEVLIC Illustrated by ABRAR AJMAL and BOB STEVLIC ISBN 978-1-55634-762-7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 STEVE JACKSON GAMES Committed Attack . 99 Defensive Attack. 100 Evaluate . 100 Feint . 100 ONTENTS Ready . 101 C Who Draws First?. 103 Move . 105 Realism Level . 29 INTRODUCTION . 4 Move and Attack . 107 Beginning Students as PCs. 30 Publication History . 4 Wait . 108 About the Authors . 4 CHARACTER TEMPLATES . 31 ADDITIONAL COMBAT OPTIONS . 109 Del Duque (350 points) . 33 Melee Attack Options . 109 1. HISTORY . 5 Frauds . 35 A Matter of Inches . 110 Adrian Froste (200 points) . 37 TIMELINE . 6 Untrained Fighters . 113 Kai Lian (250 points) . 39 ASIA . 8 Close-Combat Options. 114 China . 8 ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, Teeth. 115 Xia . 8 AND SKILLS . 42 Grab and Smash! . 118 Monks and Martial Arts . 9 Advantages . 42 Ranged Attack Options . 119 India . 10 Desirable Advantages . 43 Rapid Fire with Thrown Weapons. 120 Northern vs. Southern Kung Fu . 10 Chi Powers for Martial Artists . 46 Active Defense Options . 121 Religion, Philosophy, and Fists . 11 Perks . 49 Harsh Realism for Indonesian Archipelago. 12 Disadvantages. 53 Unarmed Fighters . 124 Japan . 12 Common Disadvantages. 53 CINEMATIC COMBAT . 125 Ryu . 12 Skills . 54 Multiple Attacks . 126 Ninja: Legend vs. History . 13 Combat Skills . 55 Chambara Fighting . 128 Korea. 14 Wildcard Skills for Styles . 60 Mind Games . 130 Other Nations. -
Wrestling Injuries
SPORTS TIP WRESTLING INJURIES restling, one of the world’s oldest sports, is offered at various levels of competition, including the Olympics, the American Athletic Union, the U.S. W Wrestling Federation, and high school and college-sponsored tournaments. It’s a sport for all sizes of people, and both male and female participants compete, even at the Olympic level. Competition rules require that athletes be paired against each other according to their weight class. Some competitions require that contestants be matched by age, experience, and/or gender. This not only allows more people to participate, but also decreases the risk for injury. Nevertheless, injuries do occur, particularly in the knee, shoulder, skin, and head. What are the most common wrestling injuries? The injuries include concussions, scrapes, bruises, tongue cuts, and cauliflower ear. However, knee and shoulder injuries occur with more severity than all other injuries and are responsible for the most lost time, surgeries, and treatments. Head and Face Cauliflower ears are caused by severe bruising of the ear structure. The resulting injury may need to be drained and the ear wrapped in a casting material to retain ear shape once the swelling has subsided. Although difficult to avoid, wearing headgear is the best defense against this potentially disfiguring injury. Wearing headgear with a frontal pad can also minimize the impact of the forehead and help prevent concussions. In addition to preventing severe tongue and tooth injury, a mouthguard can help prevent concussion, as well. Prepatella Bursitis Prepatella bursitis is the inflammation of the sac (bursa) located in front of the kneecap (patella). -
Sag E Arts Unlimited Martial Arts & Fitness Training
Sag e Arts Unlimited Martial Arts & Fitness Training Grappling Intensive Program - Basic Course - Sage Arts Unlimited Grappling Intensive Program - Basic Course Goals for this class: - To introduce and acclimate students to the rigors of Grappling. - To prepare students’ technical arsenal and conceptual understanding of various formats of Grappling. - To develop efficient movement skills and defensive awareness in students. - To introduce students to the techniques of submission wrestling both with and without gi’s. - To introduce students to the striking aspects of Vale Tudo and Shoot Wrestling (Shooto) and their relationship to self-defense, and methods for training these aspects. - To help students begin to think tactically and strategically regarding the opponent’s base, relative position and the opportunities that these create. - To give students a base of effective throws and breakfalls, transitioning from a standing format to a grounded one. Class Rules 1. No Injuries 2. Respect your training partner, when they tap, let up. 3. You are 50% responsible for your safety, tap when it hurts. 4. An open mind is not only encouraged, it is mandatory. 5. Take Notes. 6. No Whining 7. No Ego 8. No Issues. Bring Every Class Optional Equipment Notebook or 3-ring binder for handouts and class notes. Long or Short-sleeved Rashguard Judo or JiuJitsu Gi and Belt Ear Guards T-shirt to train in (nothing too valuable - may get stretched out) Knee Pads Wrestling shoes (optional) Bag Gloves or Vale Tudo Striking Gloves Mouthguard Focus Mitts or Thai Pads Smiling Enthusiasm and Open-mindedness 1 Introduction Grappling Arts from around the World Nearly every culture has its own method of grappling with a unique emphasis of tactic, technique and training mindset. -
Buddhism and Written Law: Dhammasattha Manuscripts and Texts in Premodern Burma
BUDDHISM AND WRITTEN LAW: DHAMMASATTHA MANUSCRIPTS AND TEXTS IN PREMODERN BURMA A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Dietrich Christian Lammerts May 2010 2010 Dietrich Christian Lammerts BUDDHISM AND WRITTEN LAW: DHAMMASATTHA MANUSCRIPTS AND TEXTS IN PREMODERN BURMA Dietrich Christian Lammerts, Ph.D. Cornell University 2010 This dissertation examines the regional and local histories of dhammasattha, the preeminent Pali, bilingual, and vernacular genre of Buddhist legal literature transmitted in premodern Burma and Southeast Asia. It provides the first critical analysis of the dating, content, form, and function of surviving dhammasattha texts based on a careful study of hitherto unexamined Burmese and Pali manuscripts. It underscores the importance for Buddhist and Southeast Asian Studies of paying careful attention to complex manuscript traditions, multilingual post- and para- canonical literatures, commentarial strategies, and the regional South-Southeast Asian literary, historical, and religious context of the development of local legal and textual practices. Part One traces the genesis of dhammasattha during the first and early second millennia C.E. through inscriptions and literary texts from India, Cambodia, Campå, Java, Lakå, and Burma and investigates its historical and legal-theoretical relationships with the Sanskrit Bråhmaˆical dharmaßåstra tradition and Pali Buddhist literature. It argues that during this period aspects of this genre of written law, akin to other disciplines such as alchemy or medicine, functioned in both Buddhist and Bråhmaˆical contexts, and that this ecumenical legal culture persisted in certain areas such as Burma and Java well into the early modern period. -
Strength and Conditioning for Judo John Amtmann,Edd,And Adam Cotton Montana Tech of the University of Montana,Butte,Montana
© National Strength and Conditioning Association Volume 27,Number 2,pages 26–31 Keywords: judo, grappling, strength, conditioning, interval training Strength and Conditioning for Judo John Amtmann,EdD,and Adam Cotton Montana Tech of the University of Montana,Butte,Montana should be aware of this, and should work have to fight in up to 6 or 7 matches in 1 summary closely with strength and conditioning tournament. The score of ippon can be coaches to develop an appropriate given to a judo competitor by one of the For elite judo athletes and recre- strength and conditioning program for following 4 ways: their athletes. ational judo athletes alike, sport- • Throwing an opponent onto his or specific strength and conditioning This article will discuss the literature her back with impetus. published on injuries most common to • Holding an opponent down on his is essential in the prevention of in- grappling athletes and will make recom- or her back for 25 seconds. mendations regarding strength and con- • Strangling an opponent into submis- juries and for enhancing perfor- ditioning approaches to prevent injury sion. mance. This article offers sugges- and improve performance. We encourage • Joint-locking an opponent into sub- the athletes and coaches to keep an active mission. tions for judo athletes and coaches mind in analyzing what works best for them. The methods described in this arti- If a match is not won by ippon by the for the development of strength and cle are what have worked for our athletes, end of regulation time, then whomever conditioning programs specific to but may not be best for others.