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Active Travel Final Publication Active Travel Network Tackling transport problems by promoting walking and cycling in small and medium sized cities Final Report Contents Preface 3 Active Travel and Mobility Management 5 Local Action Plans 9 Weiz (Austria) 9 Ljutomer (Slovenia) 13 Norderstedt (Germany) 17 Novara (Italy) 21 Riccione (Italy) 25 Sebeş (Romania) 29 Serres (Greece) 33 Skanderborg (Denmark) 37 University of Graz (Austria) 41 Good Practise Implementations 45 Pedelec Rental System at local car dealers (Weiz, Austria) 45 Active Mobility Day (Ljutomer, Slovenia) 46 Thematic Loop Routes for Pedestrians and Cyclists (Norderstedt, Germany) 47 Raising Eco Awareness at an Early Age (Novara, Italy) 48 Hotel Bike System (Riccione, Italy) 49 Social Walking Bus (Sebeş, Romania) 50 Awareness Raising Campaign “By bike to Work“ (Serres, Greece) 51 “The Extraordinary“ (Skanderborg, Denmark) 52 Statements 53 Policy Recommendations 57 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans or Local Acton Plans 61 3 PREFACE OSWIN DONNERER TOWN COUNCILLOR, CITY OF WEIZ Until the 19th century there were only a few means It was only natural that after the end of this project of transport enabling mobility. Coaches and horses the City of Weiz applied for another international were the only means of transportation for people. project aiming at promoting soft mobility measures. Thus the speed of travelling was restricted. Through After submitting the project proposal and after being the expansion of the railroads travelling speeds succesfully accepted by the URBACT secretary the gradually increased. Railroad tracks were built project could start. As Denmark is a leading coun- everywhere. Travelling became more convenient and try regarding bicylce paths and the use of bikes, a goods could be shipped more easily. But the time Danish project partner as a model for good practice, tables of the railroad limited travelling and it must be was to be integrated in this project. The Danish pro- said that not all places had a railway station. ject partner turned out to be the City of Skanderborg. Regarding the other partners, we wanted to have After the invention of the automobile a big change partners coming from the north, Central Europe and took place: many people could now move from one south of Europe. Already in the first partner meeting place to another. The flexible and fast shipping of in Weiz all our project partners were enthusiasti- goods contributed to an economic boom. In the cally working together and from the very beginning 1960s it was a widely accepted fact that motorized it could be seen that in this project there was a very mobility had absolute priority and city planning had positive working atmosphere and team spirit. This to integrate this kind of mobility as much as possible. positive team spirit was present in all international Unfortunately this development had a serious disa- meetings and led to the fact that each project part- dvantage: increasing emissions, noise and bad air ner developed very ambitious Local Action Plans. quality in many European cities. Permanent conges- By mutual learning and the permanent exchange of tions and the demand for new roads worsened the knowledge all project partners were able to improve situation enormously. their competence and their lobbying skills regarding To reverse this trend radical measures regarding the promotion of soft mobility measures. motorized traffic have to be taken. So called „soft mobility“, that is to say the use of bicycles and wal- To conclude, I would like to thank all project partners king and public transport, are the only solution for for their contributions to the project and also for the the traffic and transport problems in European cities. outstanding hospitality we could all enjoy at the diffe- First of all, the necessary infrastructure has to be rent international partner meetings. I would also like built and more importantly people have to change to say a special big Thank You to Barbara Kulmer, their mobility habits. To reach this goal special PR the project coordinator, and to Robert Pressl, the activities and awareness raising campaigns have to lead expert of the City of Weiz. be carried out. Finally I would like to express the hope that most From 2003 to 2006 the City of Weiz took part in the of the ideas developed in the different Local Action EU-project “viaNova“. In this project Weiz was able Plans will be realised and put into practice. In my to gather a lot of knowledge regarding „soft mobility view the project Active Travel Network has made an measures“ by working together with international important contribution to promoting „soft mobility“ in partners in this project. The main focus of “viaNova“ European cities. May this project find many followers was PR-activities to motivate citizens to change their in other European cities! mobility habits. 4 ACTIVE TRAVEL and MOBILITY 5 MANAGEMENT – a combination to solve transport problems in cities ROBERT PRESSL LEAD EXPERT When asking citizens, transport is by far the most The use of bicycles for every day trips depends on often mentioned problem area in cities. Problems many elements. The only thing that mobility deve- regarding emissions, noise, safety and lack of space lopment doesn’t follow is a natural law. We can’t but also costs often annoy people and they are often say that (car)traffic is increasing and we have to get confronted with overwhelming car use. along with it. Quite the contrary. Mobility is something The ongoing trend of car use in European cities, as that can be influenced. It only needs clear policies well as the steady increase of motorisation in new and courageous politicians and planners. There are member states, leads to a significant reduction of many good examples. Cities in Denmark and the quality of life in our cities. Netherlands are leaders but also cities in Public transport which is often mentioned as the only Germany or Italy have done a lot to boost the bicycle real alternative can’t solve these above mentioned as a means of every day transport. Also regards wal- problems alone due to its high costs and due to the king, there are a lot of very active cities in Europe. fact that although many trips are quite short, they are often tackled by cars. Often up to 25 % of all car trips in cities are not longer than 3 km – a distance that could easily be cycled. Data from the Austrian City of Graz (approxi- mately 260,000 inhabitants) can be taken as an example to show the enormous potential that lies in a shift of short distance from car trips to walking and cycling. Even for short distances e.g. up to 1 km, 6 % use the car – this is the same as an average pedestrian trip length in Graz. So, for small and mid sized municipalities the focus on active travel modes is an appro- priate approach to tackle transport problems. Modal Split of successful European Cities that promote walking and cycling, Source: www.epomm.eu/tems It is worth mentioning that these cities are not within one specific geographical area or belong to a cer- tain cultural identity, but can be found all over the continent. Cycling habits also don’t relate purely to climatic conditions. An argument against cycling is always that it is too cold to cycle due to a northern position or it’s too rainy all year round. But then, why Car trips based on distances in Graz, Austria are people in Dutch cities cycling so much, where it Source: Mobility Behaviour, Graz 2008 also rains a lot? Or why do people in the Finish city of Oulu, close to benefit from successfully implemented mobility ma- the Arctic Circle cycle all through the year? nagement campaigns and measures. 6 Is it the available infrastructure? Of course, the Da- nes e.g. built a lot of infrastructure for their cyclists. What are the main benefits of Mobility The network in cities like Aarhus, Odense or Copen- Management? hagen is dense and uninterrupted. The cycle paths are wide and convenient and very often separated Compared to rather expensive and time-consuming tracks from the road. The same is often argued for infrastructure building information, awareness raising Dutch cities, although more than 70 % of all cycle or marketing is quite cheap and quick to implement. trips in the Netherlands are carried out on standart If perhaps the measure doesn’t bring the expected roads in mixed traffic. results, a modification or a step back is much easier than if one has e.g built a bridge at the wrong place. This is common practise – especially for roads with a high volume of cars and/or where the speed of car Since the project Active Travel Network is dealing traffic is high. But on the other hand separate cycle with walking and cycling as means of transport and paths are costly and need space which isn’t always since the consortium has chosen the approach of available in European city centres with narrow Mobility Management to enhance the use of wal- streets. king and cycling in cities, it is important to mention that both areas overlap and positively support each But even for areas and cities where space and other. Mobility Management is a horizontal approach money is limited and where a continuous cycle while walking and cycling as means of transport are network isn’t available, promotion of cycling makes vertical fields of activities. sense. There are lots of successful low-budget mea- sures and campaigns available which can be easily Cycling and walking are environmentally friendly. implemented. Mobility Management is an approach They are energy efficient. They are the quickest of the Active Travel Network project and is an appro- means of transport in many European city centres priate way to change behaviour towards a sustainable for a distance of up to 5 km (door-to-door), especially transport system with a considerable share of active during peak hours.
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